Sedona, Arizona
Sedona, Arizona | |
---|---|
City of Sedona | |
![]() View of Sedona from Airport Mesa | |
![]() Location of Sedona in Coconino County and Yavapai County, Arizona | |
Coordinates: 34°52′11″N 111°45′40″W / 34.86972°N 111.76111°W[1] | |
Country | United States |
State | ![]() |
Counties | Yavapai, Coconino |
Founded | 1902 |
Incorporated | 1988 |
Government | |
• Type | Council-Manager |
• Mayor | Sandy Moriarty |
Area | |
• Total | 19.07 sq mi (49.40 km2) |
• Land | 19.03 sq mi (49.29 km2) |
• Water | 0.04 sq mi (0.11 km2) |
Elevation | 4,350 ft (1,330 m) |
Population | |
• Total | 10,031 |
• Estimate (2017)[4] | 10,336 |
• Density | 546.29/sq mi (210.92/km2) |
Time zone | UTC−07:00 (MST) |
ZIP Code | 86336 |
Area code | 928 |
FIPS code | 04-65350 |
GNIS feature ID | 34242 |
Website | www |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/3/32/Chapel_of_the_Holy_Cross%2C_Sedona%2C_AZ.jpg/220px-Chapel_of_the_Holy_Cross%2C_Sedona%2C_AZ.jpg)
Sedona /sɪˈdoʊnə/ is a city that straddles the county line between Coconino and Yavapai counties in the northern Verde Valley region of the U.S. state of Arizona. As of the 2010 census, its population was 10,031.[5]
Sedona's main attraction is its array of red sandstone formations. The formations appear to glow in brilliant orange and red when illuminated by the rising or setting sun. The red rocks form a popular backdrop for many activities, ranging from spiritual pursuits to the hundreds of hiking and mountain biking trails.
Sedona was named after Sedona Arabella Miller Schnebly (1877–1950), the wife of Theodore Carlton Schnebly, the city's first postmaster, who was celebrated for her hospitality and industriousness.[6] Her mother, Amanda Miller, claimed to have made the name up because "it sounded pretty".[7]
History
Native American history
The first documented human presence in the Sedona area dates to between 11,500 and 9000 B.C. It was not until 1995 that a Clovis projectile point discovered in Honanki revealed the presence of the Paleo-Indians, who were big game hunters. Around 9000 B.C., the pre-historic Archaic people appeared in the Verde Valley. These were hunter-gatherers and their presence in the area was longer than in other areas of the Southwest, most likely because of the ecological diversity and large amount of resources. They left by 300 A.D. There is an assortment of rock art left by the Archaic people in places near Sedona such as Palatki and Honanki.[8]
Around 650 A.D., the Sinagua people entered the Verde Valley. Their culture is known for its art such as pottery, basketry and their masonry. They left rock art, pueblos, and cliff dwellings such as Montezuma Castle, Honanki, Palatki and Tuzigoot, especially in the later period of their presence. The Sinagua abandoned the Verde Valley about 1400 A.D.[8] Researchers believe the Sinagua and other clans moved to the Hopi mesas in Arizona and the Zuni and other pueblos in New Mexico.[9]
The Yavapai came from the west when the Sinagua were still there in the Verde Valley around 1300 A.D. They were nomadic hunter-gatherers. Some archaeologists place the Apache arrival in the Verde Valley around 1450 A.D. Many Apache groups were nomadic or seminomadic and traveled over large areas.[10]
The Yavapai and Apache tribes were forcibly removed from the Verde Valley in 1876, to the San Carlos Indian Reservation, 180 miles (290 km) southeast. About 1,500 people were marched, in midwinter, to San Carlos. Several hundred lost their lives. The survivors were interned for 25 years. About 200 Yavapai and Apache people returned to the Verde Valley in 1900 and have since intermingled as a single political entity although culturally distinct[11] residing in the Yavapai-Apache Nation.
Anglo-American settlement
The first Anglo settler, John J. Thompson, moved to Oak Creek Canyon in 1876, an area well known for its peach and apple orchards. The early settlers were farmers and ranchers. In 1902, when the Sedona post office was established, there were 55 residents. In the mid-1950s, the first telephone directory listed 155 names. Some parts of the Sedona area were not electrified until the 1960s.
Sedona began to develop as a tourist destination, vacation-home and retirement center in the 1950s. Most of the development seen today was constructed in the 1980s and 1990s. As of 2007, there are no large tracts of undeveloped land remaining.[12]
Chapel of the Holy Cross
In 1956, construction of the Chapel of the Holy Cross was completed. The chapel rises 70 feet (21 m) out of a 1,000-foot (300 m) redrock cliff.[13] The most prominent feature of the chapel is the cross. Later a chapel was added. Inside the chapel there is a window and a cross with benches and pews.[14]
Cinematic legacy
Sedona played host to more than sixty Hollywood productions from the first years of movies into the 1970s. Stretching as far back as 1923, Sedona's red rocks were a fixture in major Hollywood productions—including films such as Johnny Guitar, Angel and the Badman, Desert Fury, Blood on the Moon, The Last Wagon, and 3:10 to Yuma. However, the surroundings typically were identified to audiences as the terrain of Texas, California, Nevada, and even Canada–US border territory.[15]
Brins Fire
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/2/2b/Sedona_Brins_Fire_2006.jpg/220px-Sedona_Brins_Fire_2006.jpg)
On June 18, 2006, a wildfire, reportedly started by campers, began about one mile (1.61 km) north of Sedona.[16] The Brins Fire covered 4,317 acres (17 km2) on Brins Mesa, Wilson Mountain and in Oak Creek Canyon before the USDA Forest Service declared it 100 percent contained on June 28. Containment cost was estimated at $6.4 million.
Slide Fire
On May 20, 2014, a wildfire started from an unknown cause began north of Sedona at Slide Rock State Park. The Slide Fire[17] spread across 21,227 acres in Oak Creek Canyon over nine days and prompted evacuations.[18] State Route 89A opened to Flagstaff in June, but all parking and canyon access was closed to the public until Oct. 1, 2014.[19]
Geography
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/ad/Sedona_-_Route_89A.jpg/220px-Sedona_-_Route_89A.jpg)
Sedona is located in the Upper Sonoran Desert of northern Arizona. Sedona has mild winters and hot summers.
According to the United States Census Bureau, the city has a total area of 19.2 square miles (49.7 km2), of which 0.04 square miles (0.1 km2), or 0.22%, is water.[5]
Geology
The red rocks of Sedona are formed by a unique layer of rock known as the Schnebly Hill Formation. The Schnebly Hill Formation is a thick layer of red to orange-colored sandstone found only in the Sedona vicinity. The sandstone, a member of the Supai Group, was deposited during the Permian Period.
Climate
Sedona has a temperate semi-arid climate. In January, the average high temperature is 57 °F (14 °C) with a low of 31 °F (−1 °C). In July, the average high temperature is 97 °F (34 °C) with a low of 64 °F (17 °C). Annual precipitation is just over 19 inches (480 mm).[20]
Climate data for Sedona, Arizona | |||||||||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
Record high °F (°C) | 77 (25) |
88 (31) |
89 (32) |
93 (34) |
104 (40) |
110 (43) |
110 (43) |
110 (43) |
104 (40) |
100 (38) |
88 (31) |
77 (25) |
110 (43) |
Mean daily maximum °F (°C) | 56.5 (13.6) |
60.6 (15.9) |
65.1 (18.4) |
73.4 (23.0) |
82.2 (27.9) |
93.3 (34.1) |
96.6 (35.9) |
94.2 (34.6) |
88.1 (31.2) |
77.2 (25.1) |
64.3 (17.9) |
56.6 (13.7) |
75.7 (24.3) |
Mean daily minimum °F (°C) | 30.5 (−0.8) |
33.3 (0.7) |
36.8 (2.7) |
41.9 (5.5) |
49.3 (9.6) |
57.9 (14.4) |
64.0 (17.8) |
63.4 (17.4) |
57.7 (14.3) |
47.9 (8.8) |
36.4 (2.4) |
30.7 (−0.7) |
45.8 (7.7) |
Record low °F (°C) | 0 (−18) |
10 (−12) |
9 (−13) |
18 (−8) |
24 (−4) |
36 (2) |
43 (6) |
45 (7) |
28 (−2) |
23 (−5) |
11 (−12) |
0 (−18) |
0 (−18) |
Average precipitation inches (mm) | 2.10 (53) |
2.16 (55) |
2.47 (63) |
1.16 (29) |
0.71 (18) |
0.36 (9.1) |
1.65 (42) |
1.90 (48) |
1.94 (49) |
1.67 (42) |
1.38 (35) |
1.51 (38) |
19.01 (483) |
Average precipitation days (≥ 0.01 in) | 5.9 | 5.5 | 6.9 | 3.9 | 3.8 | 2.2 | 7.7 | 8.6 | 5.7 | 4.4 | 3.5 | 4.0 | 62.1 |
Source 1: NOAA[21] | |||||||||||||
Source 2: The Weather Channel (record temps)[22] |
Demographics
Census | Pop. | Note | %± |
---|---|---|---|
1970 | 2,022 | — | |
1980 | 5,368 | 165.5% | |
1990 | 7,720 | 43.8% | |
2000 | 10,192 | 32.0% | |
2010 | 10,031 | −1.6% | |
2017 (est.) | 10,336 | [4] | 3.0% |
U.S. Decennial Census[23] |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/9/97/Rock_Formations_Near_Sedona_Arizona.jpg/220px-Rock_Formations_Near_Sedona_Arizona.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/SEDONA_AZ19.jpg/220px-SEDONA_AZ19.jpg)
As of the census of 2000, there were 10,192 people, 4,928 households, and 2,863 families residing in the city. The population density was 548.0 people per square mile (211.6/km²). There were 5,684 housing units at an average density of 305.6 per square mile (118.0/km²). The racial makeup of the city was 92.17% White, 0.49% Black or African American, 0.45% Native American, 0.94% Asian, 0.09% Pacific Islander, 4.29% from other races, and 1.57% from two or more races. 8.90% of the population were Hispanic or Latino of any race.
At the 2000 census there were 7,229 people living in the Yavapai County (western) portion of the city (70.9% of its population) and 2,963 living in the Coconino County (eastern) portion (29.1%). By land area Yavapai had 66.2% of its area, versus 33.8% for Coconino.
There were 4,928 households out of which 15.8% had children under the age of 18 living with them, 48.6% were married couples living together, 6.6% had a female householder with no husband present, and 41.9% were non-families. 32.2% of all households were made up of individuals and 14.2% had someone living alone who was 65 years of age or older. The average household size was 2.06 and the average family size was 2.52.
In the city, the population was spread out with 13.7% under the age of 18, 4.5% from 18 to 24, 21.2% from 25 to 44, 35.0% from 45 to 64, and 25.6% who were 65 years of age or older. The median age was 50 years. For every 100 females, there were 88.1 males. For every 100 females age 18 and over, there were 85.9 males.
The median income for a household in the city was $44,042, and the median income for a family was $52,659. Males had a median income of $32,067 versus $24,453 for females. The per capita income for the city was $31,350. About 4.7% of families and 9.7% of the population were below the poverty line, including 12.1% of those under age 18 and 5.0% of those age 65 or over.
Government
Politically, Uptown Sedona, the Gallery District and the Chapel area (all in Coconino County) and West Sedona (in Yavapai County) form the City of Sedona. Founded in 1902, it was incorporated as a city in 1988. The unincorporated Village of Oak Creek, 7 miles (11 km) to the south and well outside the Sedona city limits, is a significant part of the Sedona community.
Sedona became one of the Arizona municipalities to approve of civil unions for same-sex partners.[24]
Culture
The Sedona area hosts numerous events annually, including:
- Sedona International Film Festival
- St. Patrick's Parade, Celebration of Spring, Sedona Food Truck Festival, Red Dirt Concerts, Pumpkin Splash, and WagFest and Fair are just a few of the community events offered by the local Parks and Recreation Department.[25]
- Sedona Marathon[26]
- The Sedona Miracle Annual Charity Fundraiser[27]
- Sedona Bluegrass Festival[28] (2007–2014)
- The Sedona Solstice Festivals (Summer and Winter) at Unity of Sedona (2012–present)[29]
Sedona hosts several notable arts organizations in Northern Arizona:
- Chamber Music Sedona sponsors a chamber-music program annually from October to May. The 2012–2013 season marked the 30th anniversary for the organization.
- The Sedona Arts Center, founded in 1958, is the oldest arts center in northern Arizona.
- Sedona International Film Festival & Workshop was established in 1995. The week-long annual festival takes place in late February and early March at Harkins Theatres, while supplemental events take place at area resorts and restaurants. The festival also hosts monthly events, and they sponsor the MET: Live in HD opera broadcasts in Sedona.
- NORAZ Poets, extant from 2003 to 2007, was a nonprofit poetry network based in Sedona.
- Greg Lawson Galleries[30], a popular local art gallery in Sedona.[31]
A specialized New Age tourist industry operates in Sedona, where José Arguelles organized the "Harmonic Convergence" in 1987. Some New Age proponents purport that "spiritual vortices" are concentrated in the Sedona area at Bell Rock, Airport Mesa, Cathedral Rock, and Boynton Canyon.[32][failed verification][33]
Education
Sedona is served by the Sedona-Oak Creek Unified School District.
West Sedona School, serving grades K–6, is located at 570 Posse Ground Road.
Red Rock Early Learning Center[34] is a year-round Preschool program designed for children aged 3–5 years old. Their normal school year runs from August to May each year, with a summer session offered during June and July. It is licensed by the ADHS, and located in West Sedona Elementary School building 300.
Verde Valley School, a boarding International Baccalaureate high school with many international students, is located between the Village of Oak Creek and Red Rock Crossing. It hosts numerous 'traditions' and performances open to the community. Their mascot is the coyote. Total attendance measures about 120 students per year, grades 9–12. Oscar winner composer James Horner studied there (Titanic, Braveheart, Avatar, Legends of The Fall).
Sedona Red Rock High School (SRRHS), built in 1994, is located on the western edge of town in West Sedona. The school's mascot is the Scorpion. The high school's new campus, a series of single story buildings, is located opposite the Sedona campus of Yavapai College. As of 2016, Sedona Red Rock High School holds grades 7–8 in the Junior High portion of campus.
Sedona Charter School (SCS)[35] is located behind the Sedona Public Library, serving as a Montessori-based school for grades K-8.
Yavapai College's Sedona Center for Arts & Technology includes the Sedona Film School, which offers certificates in independent filmmaking, the Business Partnership Program, the Osher Lifelong Learning Institute, and the University of Arizona Mini Med School.
The University of Sedona is an unaccredited institution providing ministerial training and education in metaphysics.
Health care
Verde Valley Medical Center – Sedona Campus is an outpatient facility providing 24/7 emergency services, cancer services, and primary and specialty healthcare to the Sedona/Oak Creek area. The facility is part of the Northern Arizona Healthcare system and is a subdivision of Verde Valley Medical Center in the nearby city of Cottonwood.[36]
In popular culture
- In 1982 singer Donna Loren released the song "Sedona" on her own label, Royalty Records. The song was written by Loren while living in Sedona. James Burton produced the song with Loren, played guitar, and assembled other members of the Elvis Presley TCB Band: Ronnie Tutt (drums), Jerry Scheff (bass), and Glen D. Hardin (piano). Chris Hillman played mandolin. It was Loren's first recording since 1967, and subsequently appeared on her compilation, Magic: The 80's Collection.[37]
- Esteban released a song entitled Sedona Sunrise.
- Aerosmith also released a song entitled Sedona Sunrise, which appears on Best Of collections.
- The Pixies released a song entitled Havalina, after the species of peccary (wild boar) native to the area. The song appears on their 1990 album Bossanova and mentions Sedona, Arizona as the setting. The song has been covered by They Might Be Giants for the Pixies tribute album Dig For Fire: A Tribute To Pixies.
- A film titled Sedona was released in 2012. It was the first feature film to be shot entirely in Sedona since the 1970s, when the heyday of Hollywood filmmaking in the area ended. The cast includes Frances Fisher, Seth Peterson, Barry Corbin, Christopher Atkins, Lin Shaye and Beth Grant.[38]
- In 2015 Indie rock band Houndmouth released a single entitled Sedona. The song makes reference to one of the first big movies filmed there, Stagecoach, and to John Ford, its producer. With the lyrics "Hey Little Hollywood, you're gone but you're not forgotten" in the chorus, the song chronicles the ultimate demise of the movie-making industry in Sedona.
Notable people
- Robert Adams – American Advaita teacher
- Samaire Armstrong – actress
- Michelle Branch – singer/songwriter[39]
- Gail Edwards – actress[40]
- Justin Frankel – computer programmer
- Steve George – musician/songwriter (Mr. Mister)
- Sagan Lewis – actress, former program director of the Sedona International Film Festival[41]
- John McCain – former U. S. senator
- Tom O'Halleran – U. S. representative
- James Horner – film composer (studied at the Verde Valley School in the 1970s)
See also
Notes
- ^ a b U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Sedona, Arizona
- ^ "2016 U.S. Gazetteer Files". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 18, 2017.
- ^ "American FactFinder". United States Census Bureau. Retrieved July 6, 2014.
- ^ a b "Population and Housing Unit Estimates". Retrieved October 17, 2018.
- ^ a b "Geographic Identifiers: 2010 Demographic Profile Data (G001): Sedona city, Arizona". U.S. Census Bureau, American Factfinder. Retrieved June 12, 2014.
- ^ Territorial Women's Memorial Rose Garden: Sedona Arabelle Miller Schnebly. (n.d.) Sharlot Hall Museum. Retrieved December 16, 2006.
- ^ "Arizona Scenic Roads ~ See for yourself why the Scenic Roads of Arizona are truly a hidden treasure!". www.arizonascenicroads.com. Retrieved April 17, 2016.
- ^ a b "Verde Valley Archaeology Center – Early Inhabitants".
- ^ "Visit Phoenix Arizona: travel guides, outdoors, hotels and attractions – azcentral Travel and Explore".
- ^ "Verde Valley Archaeology Center – Yavapai-Apache".
- ^ History of the Yavapai-Apache Exodus Archived January 10, 2008, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ Heidinger & Trevillyan, 2007, Images of America: Sedona, Arcadia Publishing. ISBN 978-0-7385-4800-5
- ^ "Chapel of the Holy Cross". Sacred Destinations. April 18, 2009. Retrieved May 18, 2010.
- ^ Somerville, Slyvia. "Chapel of the Holy Cross,Sedona Architectural Landmark". Gateway To Sedona. Range Dog Publishing Inc. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
- ^ McNeill, Joe. "Arizona's Little Hollywood: Sedona and Northern Arizona's Forgotten Film History 1923–1973" (2010, Northedge & Sons)
- ^ USDA Forest Service. (June 19, 2006). Brins Fire Update. Retrieved December 16, 2006.
- ^ helpdesk@dms.nwcg.gov, InciWeb developed and maintained by USDA Forest Service, Fire and Aviation Management,. "Slide Fire Information - InciWeb the Incident Information System". inciweb.nwcg.gov. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
{{cite web}}
: CS1 maint: extra punctuation (link) CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Graham, Christopher Fox. "Oak Creek Canyon evacuated north of Slide Rock due to fire - Sedona Red Rock News - Sedona News, Jobs, Things to Do". www.redrocknews.com. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
- ^ "Oak Creek Canyon near Sedona to reopen Wednesday". azcentral. Retrieved April 24, 2018.
- ^ "SEDONA, ARIZONA – Climate Summary".
- ^ "Climatology of the United States No. 20: SEDONA RANGER STN, AZ 1971–2000" (PDF). National Oceanic & Atmospheric Administration. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
- ^ "Monthly Averages for Sedona, AZ (86351)". Weather.com. Retrieved December 5, 2011.
- ^ "Census of Population and Housing". Census.gov. Retrieved June 4, 2016.
- ^ "Sedona City Council OKs civil unions in 5-2 vote". Retrieved July 27, 2018.
- ^ Sedona recent events
- ^ "Sedona Marathon".
- ^ "The Sedona Miracle".
- ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on June 1, 2015. Retrieved March 27, 2012.
{{cite web}}
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suggested) (help)CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link) - ^ "Unity of Sedona – New Age Spiritual Center, New Thought Church and Energy Vortex".
- ^ Greg Lawson Galleries
- ^ Greg Lawson Galleries. Artzii.
- ^ "Travel".
- ^ NY Times: Sedona Archived May 13, 2006, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Red Rock Early Learning Center".
- ^ Sedona Charter School
- ^ Verde Valley Medical Center – Sedona Campus Archived October 6, 2014, at the Wayback Machine
- ^ "Donna Loren Official Website". DonnaLoren.net.
- ^ "Sedona". AllMovie.
- ^ Fried, Paul. "Michelle Branch, Local singer/songwriter is "Everywhere"". Red Rock Review. Archived from the original on November 27, 2013. Retrieved September 14, 2014.
- ^ "List of Famous People from Arizona". The Free Resource. Archived from the original on August 29, 2014. Retrieved June 2, 2017.
- ^ Barnes, Mike (August 9, 2016). "Sagan Lewis, Actress and Wife of Emmy Winner Tom Fontana, Dies at 63". The Hollywood Reporter. Retrieved August 16, 2016.
External links
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- Official website
Geographic data related to Sedona, Arizona at OpenStreetMap