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The campus occupation has been organized by Columbia University Apartheid Divest (CUAD), a student-led coalition of over 120 groups,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prokupecz |first=Shimon |last2=Tucker |first2=Emma |last3=Miller |first3=John |last4=Elassar |first4=Alaa |last5=Towfighi |first5=John |date=2024-04-18 |title=Over 100 people arrested as NYPD breaks up pro-Palestinian protest at Columbia University, law enforcement source says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/18/us/nypd-disperses-pro-palestinian-protest-columbia-university/index.html |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> together with [[Students for Justice in Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine (SJP)]] and [[Jewish Voice for Peace|Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP)]], which have often participated in New York City's pro-Palestinian demonstrations since the start of the ongoing [[Israel–Hamas war]] in October 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Barkan |first=Ross |date=2024-02-07 |title=How the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Drove a Wedge Into the Democratic Party |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/07/magazine/israel-october-7-democrats.html |access-date=2024-04-19 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Another local group, [[Within Our Lifetime|Within Our Lifetime (WOL)]], has been protesting outside the campus perimeter in support of the encampment, clashing with the [[New York City Police Department|NYPD]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-17 |title=Columbia University Closes Campus as Hundreds of Anti-Israel Student Protesters Occupy Quad |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/news/columbia-university-closes-campus-as-hundreds-of-anti-israel-student-protesters-occupy-quad/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=National Review |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Banerjee |first=Isha |title=Protests outside Columbia gates in solidarity with arrested students draw hundreds |url=https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2024/04/18/protests-outside-columbia-gates-in-solidarity-with-arrested-students-draw-hundreds/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Columbia Daily Spectator}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Chakravarthy |first=Apurva |title=NYPD arrests three pro-Palestinian protesters at ‘Flood Columbia for Gaza’ demonstration on 116th Street and Broadway |url=https://www.columbiaspectator.com/main/2024/04/17/nypd-arrests-pro-palestinian-protester-at-flood-columbia-for-gaza-demonstration-on-116th-street-and-broadway/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Columbia Daily Spectator}}</ref> Much smaller groups of pro-Israel [[Counter-protest|counterprotesters]] have also been present outside the university.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-04-19 |title=Pro-Palestinian Columbia Student Protests Continue After Arrests |url=https://time.com/6969335/pro-palestinian-columbia-student-protests-continue-after-arrests/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |website=TIME |language=en}}</ref>
The campus occupation has been organized by Columbia University Apartheid Divest (CUAD), a student-led coalition of over 120 groups,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Prokupecz |first=Shimon |last2=Tucker |first2=Emma |last3=Miller |first3=John |last4=Elassar |first4=Alaa |last5=Towfighi |first5=John |date=2024-04-18 |title=Over 100 people arrested as NYPD breaks up pro-Palestinian protest at Columbia University, law enforcement source says |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/18/us/nypd-disperses-pro-palestinian-protest-columbia-university/index.html |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=CNN |language=en}}</ref> together with [[Students for Justice in Palestine|Students for Justice in Palestine (SJP)]] and [[Jewish Voice for Peace|Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP)]], which have often participated in New York City's pro-Palestinian demonstrations since the start of the ongoing [[Israel–Hamas war]] in October 2023.<ref>{{Cite news |last=Barkan |first=Ross |date=2024-02-07 |title=How the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Drove a Wedge Into the Democratic Party |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/02/07/magazine/israel-october-7-democrats.html |access-date=2024-04-19 |work=The New York Times |language=en-US |issn=0362-4331}}</ref> Another local group, [[Within Our Lifetime|Within Our Lifetime (WOL)]], has been protesting outside the campus perimeter in support of the encampment, clashing with the [[New York City Police Department|NYPD]].<ref>{{Cite web |date=2024-04-17 |title=Columbia University Closes Campus as Hundreds of Anti-Israel Student Protesters Occupy Quad |url=https://www.nationalreview.com/news/columbia-university-closes-campus-as-hundreds-of-anti-israel-student-protesters-occupy-quad/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=National Review |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Banerjee |first=Isha |title=Protests outside Columbia gates in solidarity with arrested students draw hundreds |url=https://www.columbiaspectator.com/news/2024/04/18/protests-outside-columbia-gates-in-solidarity-with-arrested-students-draw-hundreds/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Columbia Daily Spectator}}</ref><ref name=":2">{{Cite web |last=Chakravarthy |first=Apurva |title=NYPD arrests three pro-Palestinian protesters at ‘Flood Columbia for Gaza’ demonstration on 116th Street and Broadway |url=https://www.columbiaspectator.com/main/2024/04/17/nypd-arrests-pro-palestinian-protester-at-flood-columbia-for-gaza-demonstration-on-116th-street-and-broadway/ |access-date=2024-04-19 |website=Columbia Daily Spectator}}</ref> Much smaller groups of pro-Israel [[Counter-protest|counterprotesters]] have also been present outside the university.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web |date=2024-04-19 |title=Pro-Palestinian Columbia Student Protests Continue After Arrests |url=https://time.com/6969335/pro-palestinian-columbia-student-protests-continue-after-arrests/ |access-date=2024-04-22 |website=TIME |language=en}}</ref>


As a result of the protests, Columbia University switched to [[blended learning]] (incorporating more online learning) for the rest of the semester.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news |last=Egan |first=Matt |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |last3=Prokupecz |first3=Shimon |last4=Anderson |first4=Nic F. |date=April 22, 2024 |title=Columbia University main campus classes will be hybrid until semester ends; NYU students, faculty arrested during protests |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/22/business/columbia-tensions-passover-virtual-classes/index.html |access-date=April 23, 2024 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> The protests encouraged other actions at [[New York University]] and [[Yale University]].
As a result of the protests, Columbia University switched to [[blended learning]] (incorporating more online learning) for the rest of the semester.<ref name=":7">{{Cite news |last=Egan |first=Matt |last2=Boyette |first2=Chris |last3=Prokupecz |first3=Shimon |last4=Anderson |first4=Nic F. |date=April 22, 2024 |title=Columbia University main campus classes will be hybrid until semester ends; NYU students, faculty arrested during protests |url=https://www.cnn.com/2024/04/22/business/columbia-tensions-passover-virtual-classes/index.html |access-date=April 23, 2024 |work=[[CNN]]}}</ref> The protests encouraged [[April 2024 Israel–Hamas war protests on United States university campuses|other actions at multiple universities.]]


==Background==
==Background==

Revision as of 21:34, 24 April 2024

2024 Columbia University pro-Palestinian campus occupation
Part of the April 2024 Israel–Hamas war protests on United States university campuses and student activism at Columbia University
A group of pro-Palestinian protesters outside Columbia University in April 2024
DateApril 17, 2024 – present
(1 month)
Location
New York City, New York, United States
Caused by
Goals
Methods
Parties

Pro-Palestinian groups:

Casualties
Arrested113 protesters

An ongoing occupation protest conducted by pro-Palestinian students is occurring at Columbia University in New York City. The protests began on April 17, 2024, when pro-Palestinian students established an encampment of approximately 50 tents, calling it the Gaza Solidarity Encampment,[1][2] on the university's campus, demanding the university divest from Israel. The encampment was forcibly dismantled the next day when university president Nemat Shafik authorized the New York City Police Department to storm campus and conduct mass arrests, but it has since been restored.[2][3] The arrests marked the first time the university has allowed police to suppress campus protests since the 1968 demonstrations against the Vietnam War.[4]

The campus occupation has been organized by Columbia University Apartheid Divest (CUAD), a student-led coalition of over 120 groups,[5] together with Students for Justice in Palestine (SJP) and Jewish Voice for Peace (JVP), which have often participated in New York City's pro-Palestinian demonstrations since the start of the ongoing Israel–Hamas war in October 2023.[6] Another local group, Within Our Lifetime (WOL), has been protesting outside the campus perimeter in support of the encampment, clashing with the NYPD.[7][8][9] Much smaller groups of pro-Israel counterprotesters have also been present outside the university.[4]

As a result of the protests, Columbia University switched to blended learning (incorporating more online learning) for the rest of the semester.[10] The protests encouraged other actions at multiple universities.

Background

Israel–Hamas war demonstrations at Columbia University

A vigil for Israel at Columbia University in October 2023.
Further information: Israel–Hamas war protests in the United States and Student activism at Columbia University

Pro-Palestinian and pro-Israel students have staged demonstrations at Columbia University during the Israel–Hamas war.[11] On October 12, 2023, days after the war began, the university closed its campus after opposing demonstrations collided.[12] In November 2023, Columbia University administrations suspended SJP (Students for Justice in Palestine) and JVP (Jewish Voice for Peace) after they held an unauthorized student walkout, furthering conflicts between faculty and administration; the university claimed that one person at the event shouted anti-Semitic epithets.[13] That same month, students walked out of a class taught by Hillary Clinton in support of Palestine after her comments against a ceasefire.[14]

In January 2024, students at a pro-Palestinian demonstration on campus were attacked with a chemical alleged to be Skunk, a foul-smelling spray usually used as crowd control by the Israel Defense Forces, causing various injuries.[15][16][17] In response, demonstrators organized a protest outside the university.[18] The incident is currently being investigated by the New York City Police Department as a potential hate crime.[19] SJP and JVP published a report in which they stated the perpetrators were former IDF soldiers and current Columbia students.[15]

Nemat Shafik's testimony

Columbia University president Nemat Shafik testified before the House Committee on Education and the Workforce on April 17, 2024;[20] opposition to Shafik by students mounted.[21]

Timeline

April 17

On April 17, beginning around 4 AM,[22] approximately seventy protesters sat in tents bearing the Palestinian flag on the East Butler Lawn.[23] Protesters put up banners reading "Gaza Solidarity Encampment" and "Liberated Zone".[2] A substantial NYPD presence was noted outside the university as soon as the encampment had been established.[9] Activity in the encampment included a teach-in and film screening.[2]

April 18

The following day, the Shafik-authorized[24] New York City Police Department Strategic Response Group[25] entered the encampment to arrest protesters[26] as Columbia University employees cleared the tents.[27] CUAD (Columbia University Apartheid Divest) stated that the university had dumped students' confiscated belongings in a nearby alley.[22] Three students were suspended, including Isra Hirsi, the daughter of representative Ilhan Omar.[28] After the New York Police Department appeared, a group of pro-Israel counter-protesters congregated to celebrate the university's response, waving American and Israeli flags.[29] A protest on 114th Street and Amsterdam Avenue formed, but dispersed to allow buses with detained protesters to exit.[30]

Despite the dismantlement of the initial encampment, it was soon reported that protesters had moved to an adjacent lawn on campus, the West Lawn of the Butler Lawns,[31] where they rehoisted their banners and repitched several tents.[2][32] Public intellectual and independent presidential candidate Cornel West appeared to show solidarity.[33] A group protested outside the university's main entrance on 116th Street.[34] Protesters on 116th Street and Broadway moved towards 120th Street after a man was taken into custody.[35]

All of the protesters arrested by the NYPD were released by late evening.[36]

April 19

Protesters remained camped out on campus; SJP chapters at the University of North Carolina, Boston University, and Ohio State University, as well as the Harvard College Palestine Solidarity Committee at Harvard University, announced rallies in solidarity with the Columbia protesters.[37] Norman Finkelstein, an anti-Zionist political scientist and activist, appeared and gave a speech to protesters.[36] Muslim and Jewish prayer services were held at the encampment in the afternoon and evening, respectively.[36]

April 20

The university informed the released student protesters arrested on April 18 that they would be suspended for an indefinite period of time.[38]

During the weekend, WKCR-FM, which had been broadcasting information over the protest, was told to vacate their office by public safety officers from administration due to an unspecified danger, but staff refused and explained they had a responsibility to broadcast information 24/7.[39][40] WKCR later claimed that it was a misunderstanding.[39]

April 21

Elie Buechler, a rabbi associated with Columbia University’s Orthodox Union Jewish Learning Initiative on Campus recommended that Jewish students “return home as soon as possible and remain home”, arguing that the ongoing campus occupation had "made it clear that Columbia University’s Public Safety and the NYPD cannot guarantee Jewish students’ safety".[41][42] Footage of protests over the weekend showed some protestors using anti-semitic language against Jewish students, and many Jewish students said they felt unsafe.[43]

April 22

Hundreds of faculty members at Columbia walked out of classes to protest the University's response to the protest.[44] Because of the protest, the university canceled classes on Monday, April 22,[45][46] and then said it would switch to blended learning for the remainder of the semester.[10] The Columbia Elections Board announced that a referendum on divestment from Israel, originally proposed by CUAD on March 3, 2024, had passed by a large margin, showing that Columbia's student body mostly supports the initiative.[47][48]

April 23

A student organizer at Columbia revealed that protestors are in negotiations with the university through a legal negotiator, but declined to share details. Ben Chang, the spokesperson for Columbia, said that organizers had met with university officials in the early morning to discuss the situation.[49]

Shafik issued a midnight deadline for protestors to either agree to vacate campus or face the university's consideration of "alternative options for clearing the West Lawn and restoring calm to campus".[50] Jewish pro-Palestinian students held Passover Seder within the encampment.[51][52]

April 24

Shortly after midnight, SJP reported that protestors had suspended negotiations because the university had threatened to call in the National Guard to clear them out, stating that they would not return to the negotiating table until Columbia rescinded their threat. However, the university claimed that "important progress" had been made in negotiations, saying that Shafik's original midnight deadline would be extended by 48 hours, that the students had agreed to reduce the amount of tents, and that they would ensure that protestors not affiliated with Columbia would leave campus. Protestors were indeed seen taking down and moving some tents.[53][54]

Meanwhile, around 100 protestors outside campus were dispersed by the NYPD.[54]

Other protests

Main article: April 2024 Israel–Hamas war protests on United States university campuses

In solidarity with Columbia University's occupation, students from other universities across the United States have been setting up similar encampments. As of April 22, protest camps were set up at Massachusetts Institute of Technology (MIT), Tufts University, Emerson College, University of Michigan, New York University, and Yale University.[55][56] Students at Cal Poly Humboldt occupied an administration building in solidarity.[57][58] A "solidarity walkout" occurred at Stanford University.[59]

Responses

Representative Jerrold Nadler, an alumnus of Columbia University and the House of Representatives's longest-serving Jewish member, wrote that "Columbia has an obligation to protect students and their learning environment".[60]

New York City mayor Eric Adams commented, “Students have a right to free speech, but do not have a right to violate university policies and disrupt learning on campus”.[61]

President Joe Biden referenced the protests in his statement on Passover, stating that "harassment and calls for violence against Jews ... has absolutely no place on college campuses". A separate White House statement condemned "physical intimidation targeting Jewish students and the Jewish community" on Columbia's campus.[62]

Columbia University alum and former trustee Robert Kraft, who founded Columbia's Kraft Center for Jewish Student Life published a statement on Instagram "I am no longer confident that Columbia can protect its students and staff and I am not comfortable supporting the university until corrective action is taken."[63]

Within Columbia

Biden's statements, along with other responses made by prominent figures alleging the protests are antisemitic in nature, have been criticized by students at Columbia, including by Jewish students and activists. An editor for the Columbia Daily Spectator, Milène Klein, called their statements alarmist and a deliberate conflation of anti-Zionism with antisemitism.[64]

Columbia Law School professors condemned the mass arrests as well as the suspensions of students in a letter[65] to the University's leadership, calling the actions taken by Columbia's Administration "concerning" and that they "lack transparency."[66]

See also

Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2024 Columbia University pro-Palestinian campus occupation.

References

  1. ^ Goldstein, Judy. "In Focus: The first 24 hours of the 'Gaza Solidarity Encampment'". Columbia Daily Spectator. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  2. ^ a b c d e Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "Columbia Sends In the N.Y.P.D. to Arrest Protesters in Tent City". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  3. ^ Otterman, Sharon; Blinder, Alan (April 18, 2024). "Over 100 Arrested at Columbia After Pro-Palestinian Protest". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  4. ^ a b "Pro-Palestinian Columbia Student Protests Continue After Arrests". TIME. April 19, 2024. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  5. ^ Prokupecz, Shimon; Tucker, Emma; Miller, John; Elassar, Alaa; Towfighi, John (April 18, 2024). "Over 100 people arrested as NYPD breaks up pro-Palestinian protest at Columbia University, law enforcement source says". CNN. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  6. ^ Barkan, Ross (February 7, 2024). "How the Israeli-Palestinian Conflict Drove a Wedge Into the Democratic Party". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  7. ^ "Columbia University Closes Campus as Hundreds of Anti-Israel Student Protesters Occupy Quad". National Review. April 17, 2024. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  8. ^ Banerjee, Isha. "Protests outside Columbia gates in solidarity with arrested students draw hundreds". Columbia Daily Spectator. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  9. ^ a b Chakravarthy, Apurva. "NYPD arrests three pro-Palestinian protesters at 'Flood Columbia for Gaza' demonstration on 116th Street and Broadway". Columbia Daily Spectator. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  10. ^ a b Egan, Matt; Boyette, Chris; Prokupecz, Shimon; Anderson, Nic F. (April 22, 2024). "Columbia University main campus classes will be hybrid until semester ends; NYU students, faculty arrested during protests". CNN. Retrieved April 23, 2024.
  11. ^ Svrluga, Susan (April 16, 2024). "At Columbia, Israel-Gaza tensions simmer as leaders face House hearing". Washington Post. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
  12. ^ Stack, Liam (October 12, 2023). "Columbia Closes Campus as Israel-Hamas War Protests Erupt". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
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  14. ^ Luscombe, Richard (November 2, 2023). "Students walk out of Hillary Clinton's class to protest Columbia 'shaming' pro-Palestinian demonstrators". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved November 30, 2023.
  15. ^ a b "'Negligence': Columbia students furious at university after skunk water doused on protesters". Middle East Eye. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  16. ^ Thakker, Prem (January 22, 2024). "Columbia Scolds Students for "Unsanctioned" Gaza Rally Where They Were Attacked With Chemicals". The Intercept. Retrieved April 24, 2024.
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  20. ^ Blinder, Alan (April 17, 2024). "4 Takeaways From the Hearing on Antisemitism at Columbia University". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  21. ^ Bensimon, Olivia (April 18, 2024). "A truck just drove past the protest on Amsterdam Avenue". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  22. ^ a b Walton, Lara-Nour (April 19, 2024). "Inside the Gaza Solidarity Encampment at Columbia University". ISSN 0027-8378. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  23. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "The students inside the encampment are sitting in rows, their arms linked". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  24. ^ Saul, Stephanie (April 18, 2024). "A statement from the president of Columbia University". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
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  27. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "A small group of Jewish counterprotesters are celebrating the crackdown". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  28. ^ Otterman, Sharon; Betts, Anna (April 18, 2024). "Ilhan Omar's daughter is suspended for her involvement in the Columbia protests". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  29. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "A small group of Jewish counterprotesters are celebrating the crackdown". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  30. ^ Bensimon, Olivia (April 18, 2024). "The protest on 114th and Amsterdam is dispersing after an organizer instructed attendees to clear the roadway". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  31. ^ Otterman, Sharon (April 18, 2024). "Hundreds of students have formed a new impromptu protest around the campus lawn just west of the encampment". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  32. ^ Sanford, Karla. "Pro-Palestinian demonstrators repitched a couple of tents, and seemed to have recovered the main signage from the encampment as well". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  33. ^ Sanford, Karla (April 18, 2024). "Cornel West, a left-wing public intellectual and independent candidate for president, is addressing the student protesters". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  34. ^ Sanford, Karla (April 18, 2024). "Police officers are still standing in the eastern yard". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
  35. ^ Bensimon, Olivia. "The protesters who had been fenced into an area on Broadway and 116th Street broke out of their pen and onto the roadway after police officers took a man into custody". The New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2024.
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  41. ^ Tebor, Celina; Sottile, Zoe (April 21, 2024). "Rabbi associated with Columbia University recommends Jewish students 'return home' amid tense protests on campus". CNN. Retrieved April 21, 2024.
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  65. ^ "DocumentCloud". www.documentcloud.org. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
  66. ^ Thakker, Prem (April 22, 2024). "Columbia Law School Faculty Condemn Administration for Mass Arrests and Suspensions". The Intercept. Retrieved April 22, 2024.
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