Nicotine pouch: Difference between revisions

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[[File:Lyft nicotine pouches.jpg|thumb|Nicotine pouches.|alt=Lyft nicotine pouches.]]
[[File:Lyft nicotine pouches.jpg|thumb|Nicotine pouches.|alt=Lyft nicotine pouches.]]


'''Nicotine pouches''' are white preportioned pouches containing [[nicotine]], and is often considered a variant of [[snus]].<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/><ref name=DagbladetTocaccoFreeSnusBan/><ref name=DagbladetSnusWithoutTobacco>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dagbladet.no/a/70044417|title=Bråstans for snus uten tobakk|last=Klausen|first=Marte|date=2018-07-25|website=Dagbladet.no|language=no|access-date=2020-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nettotobak.com/varumarken/lyft|title=LYFT {{!}} Vitt utan Tobak! {{!}} Nettotobak!|last=|first=|date=|website=Nettotobak.com|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-03|quote=LYFT är det senaste inom helvitt snus}}</ref> No [[combustion]] is involved.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> The user puts a pouch between the upper lip and gum, and leaves it there while the nicotine and taste is being released. When finished, the pouch is disposed of. The small pouches are used like [[chewing tobacco]], but the user does not need to spit, as the contents of the pouches stay inside the pouches during use.<ref name=Buehler2019/><ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> Nicotine pouches are shelf-stable and do not need refrigeration, but will dry up if left outside of the packaging.{{FV|date=February 2020}}
'''Nicotine pouches''' are white preportioned pouches containing [[nicotine]], and is often considered a variant of [[snus]].<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/><ref name=DagbladetTocaccoFreeSnusBan/><ref name=DagbladetSnusWithoutTobacco>{{Cite web|url=https://www.dagbladet.no/a/70044417|title=Bråstans for snus uten tobakk|last=Klausen|first=Marte|date=2018-07-25|website=Dagbladet.no|language=no|access-date=2020-02-02}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.nettotobak.com/varumarken/lyft|title=LYFT {{!}} Vitt utan Tobak! {{!}} Nettotobak!|last=|first=|date=|website=Nettotobak.com|language=en|url-status=live|archive-url=|archive-date=|access-date=2020-02-03|quote=LYFT är det senaste inom helvitt snus}}</ref>{{unreliable-inline}} No [[combustion]] is involved.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> The user puts a pouch between the upper lip and gum, and leaves it there while the nicotine and taste is being released. When finished, the pouch is disposed of. The small pouches are used like [[chewing tobacco]], but the user does not need to spit, as the contents of the pouches stay inside the pouches during use.<ref name=Buehler2019/><ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> Nicotine pouches are shelf-stable and do not need refrigeration, but will dry up if left outside of the packaging.{{FV|date=February 2020}}


There is no independent testing of their constituents, exposure or biomarkers of effects.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> Research analyzing their nicotine delivery is unavailable.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> The pouches are sold in an array of [[Flavor#Flavorants or flavorings|flavors]].<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> In 2019, five [[Big Tobacco|big tobacco]] companies offered nicotine pouch products.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> They are marketed as containing no tobacco leaf.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/>
There is no independent testing of their constituents, exposure or biomarkers of effects.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> Research analyzing their nicotine delivery is unavailable.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> The pouches are sold in an array of [[Flavor#Flavorants or flavorings|flavors]].<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> In 2019, five [[Big Tobacco|big tobacco]] companies offered nicotine pouch products.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/> They are marketed as containing no tobacco leaf.<ref name=RobichaudSeidenberg2019/>

Revision as of 13:28, 3 February 2020

Lyft nicotine pouches.
Nicotine pouches.

Nicotine pouches are white preportioned pouches containing nicotine, and is often considered a variant of snus.[1][2][3][4][unreliable source?] No combustion is involved.[1] The user puts a pouch between the upper lip and gum, and leaves it there while the nicotine and taste is being released. When finished, the pouch is disposed of. The small pouches are used like chewing tobacco, but the user does not need to spit, as the contents of the pouches stay inside the pouches during use.[5][1] Nicotine pouches are shelf-stable and do not need refrigeration, but will dry up if left outside of the packaging.[failed verification]

There is no independent testing of their constituents, exposure or biomarkers of effects.[1] Research analyzing their nicotine delivery is unavailable.[1] The pouches are sold in an array of flavors.[1] In 2019, five big tobacco companies offered nicotine pouch products.[1] They are marketed as containing no tobacco leaf.[1]

Usage

No studies are available to determine if smokers would switch to nicotine pouches or if they would continue to smoke and use nicotine pouches, resulting in dual use.[1]

Contents

Nicotine pouches usually contains food grade fillers, water, flavorings and nicotine.[1][failed verification] The nicotine content among nicotine pouch brands differ per pouch.[1] Nicotine pouches are sold in an array of fruit flavors such as black cherry and citrus.[1] Other flavors include peppermint and coffee.[1]

Motivation

Nicotine pouches may entice youth as well as young adult never-smokers because they are available in an array of fruit flavors and may be used unobtrusively.[1][failed verification]

In Norway the brand Zonnic is sold in pharmacies as a form of Nicotine replacement therapy, approved by Norwegian Medicines Agency, for smoking cessation.[6][7][8]

Research

Although nicotine pouches have the possibility of being a reduced risk product, there is no independent testing of their constituents, exposure or biomarkers of effects.[1] Research analyzing their nicotine delivery is unavailable.[1] The pouches contain the addictive chemical nicotine.[5]

Opposition

The Kenya Tobacco Control Alliance objected to the entrance of nicotine pouches in Kenya.[citation needed] They are concerned that the nicotine pouches may raise the risk of cancer, heart disease, and reproductive or developmental harms.[failed verification] They also stated that there is no reliable research that demonstrates nicotine pouches are safer than regular cigarettes.[9]

Brands

Dryft

Dryft is owned by Kretek International and it is sold in the US.[1] The nicotine content for Dryft is 2 and 7 mg.[1]

Lyft

Lyft is owned by British American Tobacco and it is sold in the UK and Sweden.[1] The nicotine content for Lyft is 4 and 6 mg.[1] In 2019, British American Tobacco started selling nicotine pouches in Kenya.[9]

Nordic Spirit

Nordic Spirit is owned by Japan Tobacco International and it is sold in Switzerland[10] and Sweden.[1] The Nordic Spirit pouches contain plant-based fibers, nicotine, additives, and flavorings and are intended to be put beneath the upper or lower lip and are absorbed through the gums.[11]

On!

Altria purchased 80% of the On! nicotine pouch company.[1] It is sold in Sweden, Japan and the US.[1]

Velo

Velo is owned by R. J. Reynolds Vapor Company and it is sold in the US.[1] The nicotine content for Velo is 2 and 4 mg.[1] Velo states that the contents in their products consist of nicotine obtained from the tobacco plant, microcrystalline cellulose, water, salt, sucralose, citric acid, and artificial flavor.[1]

Zone X

Zone X nicotine pouches.
Zone X nicotine pouches.

Zone X is owned by Imperial Tobacco and it is sold in the UK.

ZYN

ZYN is owned by Swedish Match and it is sold in Europe and the US.[1] Zyn states that the contents in their products consist of pharmaceutical-grade nicotine salt, hydroxypropyl cellulose, microcrystalline cellulose, maltitol, gum arabic, sodium carbonate, sodium bicarbonate, acesulfame K, and food-grade flavorings.[1] ZYN is sold in over 4,000 retailers in the US.[12]

Marketing

Companies use marketing terms such as 'tobacco-free' or 'tobacco leaf free'.[1] They are marketed online as they may be used anywhere and they require no batteries and no devices.[1]

Cost

Nicotine pouches seem to cost similar to a pack of regular cigarettes.[1] Velo were purchased for US$3.76, Zyn were purchased for US$5.11, Dryft were purchased for US$5.54, and On! were purchased for US$6.50 in 2019.[1]

Classification

It is assumed they are classified as tobacco products in the US because they contain nicotine obtained from tobacco.[1] It is not clear how they are classified in other countries.[1]

Tobacco-free nicotine pouches were for sale in Norway from 2014 to 2018, under the name Epok, similar to the Swedish Lyft apart from the name. [13][14] In June 2018 the Norwegian Directorate of Health forced British American Tobacco Norway to remove Epok from sale or face daily fines of 150 000 NOK, due to reasons which were described as "ridiculous" by Norwegian press and politicians. The Norwegian Directorate of Health argued that since Epok didn't contain any tobacco it were a new form of nicotine product, distinct from the other forms of snus approved in Norway. New forms of nicotine products are extremely unlikely to get approved, the nicotine pouch brand ZYN had already been rejected approval twice for an extremely similar product. [3]

Within days of the ban Epok was re-introduced to the Norwegian market, with a minute amount of bleached tobacco added, to qualify as an already approved form of nicotine product.[2] As of February 2020 it is still sold in Norwegian grocery stores.[15][16][17]

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o p q r s t u v w x y z aa ab ac ad ae af ag ah Robichaud, Meagan O.; Seidenberg, Andrew B.; Byron, M. Justin (2019). "Tobacco companies introduce 'tobacco-free' nicotine pouches". Tobacco Control: tobaccocontrol-2019-055321. doi:10.1136/tobaccocontrol-2019-055321. ISSN 0964-4563. PMID 31753961.
  2. ^ a b Klausen, Marte (2018-07-26). "Disse snusboksene forsvinner fra butikkene". Dagbladet.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  3. ^ a b Klausen, Marte (2018-07-25). "Bråstans for snus uten tobakk". Dagbladet.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  4. ^ "LYFT | Vitt utan Tobak! | Nettotobak!". Nettotobak.com. Retrieved 2020-02-03. LYFT är det senaste inom helvitt snus{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  5. ^ a b Buehler, Hannah (16 October 2019). "Concern over nicotine pouches targeting teens". WKBW-TV.
  6. ^ "Zonnic Niconovum munnpulver i porsjonspose - Felleskatalogen Pasientutgave". www.felleskatalogen.no. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  7. ^ "Røykeslutt - legemidler - helsenorge.no". helsenorge.no. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  8. ^ "Zonnic Porsjonsposer 2 el. 4 mg nikotin | Zonnic". www.zonnic.no. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  9. ^ a b Kabale, Nasibo (8 June 2019). "Lobby has raised an alarm, saying the introduction of pouches could result in increased risk for cancer". Daily Nation.
  10. ^ "Grosskonzerne reissen das Snus-Geschäft an sich". 8 November 2019.
  11. ^ Cronin, Eilis (3 September 2019). "JTI launches Nordic Spirit nicotine pouches".
  12. ^ "ZYN Nicotine Pouch". Convenience Store News. 2019.
  13. ^ "Why did BAT kill the EPOK brand for LYFT?". SnusCENTRAL. 2019-03-18. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  14. ^ "EPOK changes name to LYFT - snus News - BuySnus.com". www.buysnus.com. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
  15. ^ Teigen, Espen (2019-06-26). "Denne snusboksen gjør ham til lovbryter: – Det strider mot all sunn fornuft". Nettavisen (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2020-02-02.
  16. ^ "Epok | Meny.no". www.meny.no (in Norwegian). Retrieved 2020-02-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  17. ^ "Epok - Kolonial.no". Kolonial.no (in Norwegian Bokmål). Retrieved 2020-02-03.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

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