The final was contested in two-legged home-and-away format between Indonesia and Thailand. The first leg was hosted by Indonesia at the Pakansari Stadium in Bogor on 14 December 2016, while the second leg was hosted by Thailand at the Rajamangala Stadium in Bangkok on 17 December 2016.
Before the match, Indonesia had reached the AFF Championship final four times (2000, 2002, 2004 and 2010), finishing runners-up in all attempts. Thailand had reached the AFF Championship final seven times (1996, 2000, 2002, 2007, 2008, 2012 and 2014), Thailand had won the tournament four times (1996, 2000, 2002 and 2014).
Background
Prior to the tournament, the two finalists had previously met each other 64 times, with Indonesia winning seventeen games and Thailand thirty games. The two sides last met on 7 December 2010 in the group stage of the 2010 AFF Championship, held in Indonesia. Indonesia won the match 2–1 and the group stage of the 2016 AFF Championship, held in Philippines. Thailand won the match 4–2, took place on 19 November 2016. Indonesia, who began the 2016 AFF Championship as one of the favourites, was ranked 179 in the FIFA World Rankings and tenth among AFF teams, while Thailand was ranked 146 overall, and fourth among AFF teams.
Thailand entered the 2016 AFF Championship as four-time ASEAN champions. Thailand was first crowned champions of ASEAN in the 1996, held on Singapore. Thailand win 1–0 against Malaysia. In the 2000, Thailand taking home the title through a 4–1 win against Indonesia. In the 2002, Thailand win against Indonesia by a penalty shoot-out. In the 2007 and 2008. Thailand contested the final against Singapore and Vietnam. Thailand didn't win in four final games. In the 2012, Thailand lose to Singapore 2–3 on aggregate. In the 2014, Thailand win 4–3 on aggregate against Malaysia.
The 2016 final was Indonesia's fifth consecutive time contesting an AFF Championship final. Indonesia didn't win in four times against Thailand, Singapore and Malaysia.
Pakansari Stadium in Bogor was announced as the Indonesia's home in 2016 AFF Championship. The stadium holds 30,000 spectators. It was used in semi-final round by Inodensia win 2–1 against Vietnam. Rajamangala Stadium in Bangkok was announced as the Thailand's home in 2016 AFF Championship. The stadium holds 65,000 spectators. It was used in semi-final round by Thailand win 4–0 against Myanmar.
Both Indonesia and Thailand were drawn into Group A of the 2016 AFF Championship, along with powerhouse sides Philippines and Singapore. After winning all three group matches, Thailand finished first in the group. Indonesia finished second in the group to progress to the knockout phase of the tournament.