2020–2022 Taal Volcano eruptions

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2020 Taal Volcano eruption
Taal Volcano's January 12, 2020 explosion
DateJanuary 12, 2020 – present
TypePhreatic eruption
LocationCalabarzon, Luzon, Philippines

The Taal Volcano in the Philippines erupted on January 12, 2020 with the alert level of the Philippine Institute of Volcanology and Seismology (PHIVOLCS) escalating from Alert Level 2 to Alert Level 4.[1][2] It was an eruption from the main crater. The eruption spewed ashes to Calabarzon, Metro Manila, and some parts of Central Luzon, resulting in the suspension of classes, work schedules, and flights.[3][4]

Timeline

The volcano erupted on the afternoon of January 12, 2020, 43 years after the previous eruption in 1977.[5] According to PHIVOLCS director Renato Solidum, a phreatic eruption was first recorded at around 1 pm.[6] Loud rumbling sounds were also felt and heard from the volcano island. By 2:30 pm, PHIVOLCS raised the alert status to Alert Level 2 after a stronger explosion was recorded around 2 pm.[7] It was followed by a stronger explosion by around 3 pm that spew an ash column measuring 100 meters, prompting PHIVOLCS to upgrade the alert status to Alert Level 3 by 4 pm.[8][9] Furthermore, Solidum also confirmed that there was a magmatic intrusion that is likely the cause of the volcano’s phreatic eruptions on Sunday morning and afternoon. PHIVOLCS ordered an evacuation in the towns of Balete, San Nicolas and Talisay in Batangas and other towns within the shores of Taal Lake.[10][11] By 7:30 pm, PHIVOLCS upgraded the alert status to Alert Level 4 after volcanic activities intensified as " continuous eruption generated a tall 10-15 kilometer steam-laden tephra column with frequent volcanic lightning that rained wet ashfall on the general north as far as Quezon City and Caloocan City. "[12] Ashfall from the volcano were also experienced in Cavite and Laguna and also reached as far as Metro Manila and Clark International Airport.[13][14][15]

A lava fountain was recorded at 3:20 am on Monday, January 13.[16] According to PHIVOLCS, the volcano emitted a Strombolian type of eruption.[17]

Response

On January 12, 2020, the Manila International Airport Authority (MIAA) suspended all flights to and from all terminals of the Ninoy Aquino International Airport (NAIA) in Manila following the eruption,[18] and classes and government work in Metro Manila, Central Luzon and Calabarzon were also suspended.[19] The MIAA recorded that at least 516 flights from and to NAIA were suspended, with about 80,000 passengers affected.[20] On January 13, operations at NAIA resumed partially from 10 a.m. onwards, although many flights still remain canceled or delayed.[21]

The Department of Health advised the public to remain indoors and minimize outdoor activities.[22] Demand for N95 masks increased rapidly, with some stores controversially inflating its prices to ₱200 apiece from the standard ₱25–40.[23][24] The Department of Trade and Industry responded by dispatching teams to monitor and observe the movement of retail prices in the market and warned businesses against raising the prices.[25] Manila Mayor Isko Moreno threatened to revoke the permits of medical supplies firms in the city involved in the price hike of masks.[26] Mercury Drug, a major pharmaceutical chain, pledged to replenish supply for the masks where prices would remain steady and it would not hoard supply.[27][28]

Batangas declared a state of calamity during a special session of the Batangas Provincial Board following the eruption on January 13.[29] According to the National Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Council, a total of 966 families or 7,742 individuals are taking shelter in 38 evacuation centers.[30] As of 12 noon, more than 24,000 people were affected and electricity was cut in 7 municipalities and cities.[31] The Talisay–Tagaytay Road in Calabarzon was temporarily closed due to the evacuation of the residents. The Department of Social Welfare and Development also stated that there are 5,000 family food packs and sleeping kits on the way for distribution to the evacuation centers.[30][32] Due to heavy ashfall, there was almost zero visibility in some parts of the Sta. Rosa-Tagaytay Road.[33]

The Metropolitan Manila Development Authority, Philippine Air Force, and Philippine Navy personnel have also been dispatched to help Taal volcano eruption victims.[34][35] Smart and Globe offered free calls and internet services and charging stations for those affected.[36] Water concessionaire Manila Water, in cooperation with Batangas Provincial Disaster Risk Reduction and Management Office, sent a convoy of 30 water tankers to various evacuation centers in Batangas. The company is also sending an initial 2,000 five-gallon units of bottled water.[37]

The Philippine Stock Exchange suspended trading following the eruption on January 13.[38][39]

References

  1. ^ "Alert Level 3 raised as Taal volcano manifests steam-driven explosion". Manila Bulletin. January 12, 2020.
  2. ^ "PHIVOLCS warns of 'hazardous explosive eruption' of Taal Volcano soon". cnn. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  3. ^ "LIST: Class suspensions due to Taal Volcano eruption". Inquirer.net. January 12, 2020.
  4. ^ "Taal eruption puts NAIA flights on hold". GMA News. January 12, 2020.
  5. ^ "Alert Level 3 raised as Taal volcano manifests steam-driven explosion". Manila Bulletin. January 12, 2020.
  6. ^ "BREAKING: Taal volcano spews ash in phreatic eruption". Inquirer.net. January 12, 2020.
  7. ^ "Phivolcs raises alert level to 3 as Taal Volcano spews kilometer-high plumes". PhilStar. January 12, 2020.
  8. ^ "Taal Volcano spews ash column 100 meters high". Rappler. January 12, 2020.
  9. ^ "Pyroclastic density currents, volcanic tsunami likely around Taal –PHIVOLCS". GMA News. January 12, 2020.
  10. ^ "Residents flee Taal island, as volcano spouts giant ash column". ABS-CBN News. January 12, 2020.
  11. ^ "Evacuations underway as PHIVOLCS raises Alert Level 3 over Taal Volcano". CNN Philippines. January 12, 2020.
  12. ^ "Taal Volcano now on Alert Level 4". Inquirer. January 12, 2020.
  13. ^ "LOOK: Heavy ashfall in Batangas, Cavite, Laguna after Taal eruption". Inquirer.net. January 12, 2020.
  14. ^ "Ash fall from Taal Volcano reaches parts of Metro Manila —NDRRMC". GMA News. January 12, 2020.
  15. ^ "Thousands evacuated as Taal Volcano violently erupts in the Philippines". New York Post. January 12, 2020.
  16. ^ "LOOK: Lava fountain from Taal Volcano". Inquirer.net. January 13, 2020.
  17. ^ "BULKANG TAAL NAGBUGA NG LAVA FOUNTAIN". DWIZ. January 13, 2020.
  18. ^ "Taal eruption puts NAIA flights on hold". GMA News. January 12, 2020.
  19. ^ "LIST: Class suspensions due to Taal Volcano eruption". Inquirer.net. January 12, 2020.
  20. ^ Fernandez, Ariel (January 13, 2020). "80,000 passengers affected by NAIA closure". Manila Bulletin. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  21. ^ Arayata, Maria Cristina (January 13, 2020). "NAIA resumes partial ops as runway clearing continues". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  22. ^ Mocon-Ciriaco, Claudeth (January 13, 2020). "TAAL UPDATE: DOH issues health reminders as ashfall envelops Luzon | Claudeth Mocon-Ciriaco". BusinessMirror. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  23. ^ Rappler.com (January 13, 2020). "Stores run out of face masks as Taal Volcano ash spreads to Calabarzon, Metro Manila". Rappler. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  24. ^ "Demand for N95 masks up after ashfall from Taal Volcano". GMA News Online. January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  25. ^ Cigaral, Ian Nicolas (January 13, 2020). "DTI orders crackdown on businesses raising face mask prices". philstar.com. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  26. ^ "Isko wants explanation from firms which hiked prices of N95 masks amid ashfall". GMA News Online. January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  27. ^ "Mercury Drug Corporation". m.facebook.com. January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  28. ^ "Mercury Drug replenishing face mask supply, says to keep price unchanged". ABS-CBN News. January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  29. ^ Ganzon-Ozaeta, Tina (January 13, 2020). "Batangas declares state of calamity due to Taal Volcano eruption". Rappler. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  30. ^ a b Bajo, Anna Felicia (January 13, 2020). "Over 7,000 evacuated in CALABARZON due to Taal activity —NDRRMC". GMA News Online. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  31. ^ Gotinga, J. C. "More than 24,000 people flee as Taal Volcano spews ash, lava". Rappler. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  32. ^ Luna, Franco (January 13, 2020). "NDRRMC on red alert over Taal unrest". philstar.com. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  33. ^ "WATCH: Almost zero visibility in Tagaytay due to Taal unrest". GMA News Online. January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  34. ^ Jr, Delfin T. Mallari. "Air Force, Navy rescue units to help Taal volcano victims". newsinfo.inquirer.net. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  35. ^ Dela Cruz, Raymond (January 13, 2020). "MMDA sends rescue team to Batangas for evacuation ops". Philippine News Agency. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  36. ^ Rivas, Ralf (January 13, 2020). "Globe, Smart offer free calls, internet for Taal Volcano eruption victims". Rappler. Retrieved January 13, 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  37. ^ Dumlao-Abadilla, Doris. "Ayala mobilizes relief efforts amid Taal eruption". business.inquirer.net. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  38. ^ "Stocks, currency spot trading canceled Monday due to Taal eruption". ABS-CBN News. January 13, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
  39. ^ "Please be advised that there will be no trading at PSE, no clearing and settlement at the Securities Clearing Corporation of the Philippines today, January 13, 2020, to ensure the safety of employees and traders in light of the volcanic ash emission of Taal Volcano". Twitter. January 12, 2020. Retrieved January 13, 2020.
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