List of hunger strikes
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This is an incomplete list of recent hunger strikes and people who have conducted a hunger strike.
Hunger strikes
- 1923 Irish hunger strikes - thousands of Irish Republican prisoners demand release. Includes info on 1920 Mountjoy and Cork hunger strikes. Six deaths.
- 1980 Irish hunger strike – Protest by Irish republican prisoners from Northern Ireland against the rescindment of Special Category Status during The Troubles
- 1981 Irish hunger strike – ended with 10 of the participants starving themselves to death, radicalizing Irish nationalist politics and leading to Sinn Féin becoming a mainstream political party.
- 1983 International Fast For Life (thousands fasted against nuclear armament and world hunger) – Protest against President Ronald Reagan's increased defense spending and the escalation of the Cold War nuclear arms race
- 1986 Veterans Fast For Life – Protest against the Reagan administration's support for the Contra insurgency in Sandinista Nicaragua
- 2000 Death fast in Turkey – Protest by inmates of Turkish F-Type Prisons
- Guantánamo Bay hunger strikes – Prisoner protests at Guantanamo Bay detention camp, a notorious U.S. military prison known for indefinite detention without trial and torture, during the War on terror
- 2009 Tamil diaspora protests – Worldwide protest against the Sri Lankan Civil War
- 2009 Venezuelan student hunger strike – Nationwide hunger strike by students asking a visit to Venezuela by the Inter-American Commission on Human Rights
- 2012 Palestinian mass hunger strikes – Protest by Palestinian prisoners against Israeli administrative detention
- 2012 Kurdish prisoners hunger strike – Part of Peace and Democracy Party demonstrations against Turkish restrictions on Kurdish civil rights during the Kurdish–Turkish conflict and the Arab Spring
- 2013 California prisoner hunger strike – Protest against indefinite solitary confinement at Pelican Bay State Prison and for better conditions at High Desert State Prison.
- 2021 Youth hunger strike for democracy—Protest by 20 Arizona college students to urge the White House and the US Senate to pass the Freedom to Vote Act.
Groups who have conducted hunger strikes
- British and American suffragettes
- Cuban dissidents
- Grup Yorum[2]
- Irish republicans all died while on hunger strike.
- Thomas Ashe (1917)
- Terence MacSwiney (1920 Cork hunger strike)
- Michael Fitzgerald (1920 Cork hunger strike)
- Joe Murphy (1920 Cork hunger strike)
- Denny Barry (1923 Irish hunger strikes)
- Andy O'Sullivan (1923 Irish hunger strikes)
- Joseph Whitty (1923 Irish hunger strikes)
- Tony D'Arcy (1940)
- Jack McNeela (1940)
- Seán McCaughey (1946)
- Michael Gaughan (1974)
- Frank Stagg (1976)
- Michael Devine (1981)
- Kieran Doherty (1981) - while on hunger strike was elected to the Republic of Irelands Dáil Éireann, representing the Cavan–Monaghan constituency.
- Francis Hughes (1981)[3]
- Martin Hurson (1981)[4]
- Kevin Lynch (1981)
- Raymond McCreesh (1981)[3]
- Joe McDonnell (1981)
- Thomas McElwee (1981)
- Patsy O'Hara (1981) [5]
- Bobby Sands (1981) [6] – leader of the hunger strike; elected to the House of Commons during the strike before his death.
- Indian Independence Movement
- Jailed Catalan pro-independence leaders[8]
- Undocumented migrants in Belgium[9][10]
Individuals who have conducted a hunger strike
- Two unnamed inmates started an hunger strike in the prison of Augusta, Sicily, Italy in 2023. The first one, an Italian citizen, died at the end of April, while the other, a Russian man, died at the beginning of May.[11]
- Alaa Abdelfattah, Egyptian
- Maher al-Akhras, Palestinian
- Meryem Altun, Turkish prisoner
- Ninoy Aquino
- Stanislav Aseyev, Ukrainian writer and journalist. Kidnapped by militants from so-called Donetsk People's Republic.
- Igor Bancer, Polish Belarusian musician, activist, journalist, worker, and events organiser.
- Marwan Barghouti
- Chen Shui Bian, President of the Republic of China
- Franklin Brito, Venezuela, land dispute, 2010. Died.
- Emil Calmanovici, Communist Romania, political prisoner, 1956. Died.
- Cesar Chavez, leader of the United Farm Workers union, Arizona, 1968, 1970, 1972.
- William (Bill) Coleman, 2007 to 2014 in CT, USA [12]
- Alfredo Cospito - Italian anarchist prisoner who started an hunger strike on 20 October 2022 against the 41-bis prison regime.
- Jatindra Nath Das Indian independence activist and revolutionary
- Andrey Derevyankin
- Katherine Dunham
- Ronald Easterbrook England, prisoner, 1997, 1999.
- Becky Edelsohn
- Mahatma Gandhi – Indian independence activist, part of campaign of nonviolent resistance to British rule in India
- Akbar Ganji
- Bekele Gerba, Oromo politician promoting non-violence, 2021[13]
- Andrias Ghukasyan
- Max Goldstein
- Lena Hades
- Anna Hazare
- J. B. S. Haldane
- Barry Horne
- Samer Tariq Issawi
- Poopathy Kanapathipillai
- Jack Kevorkian
- Mustafa Kocak, starved himself to death in protest of his sentencing without a fair trial
- Jüri Kukk
- Jawar Mohammed, Ethiopian politician and activist, 2021
- Kasra Nouri
- Jean Lassalle
- Antonio Ledezma, Venezuelan politician, 2009
- Gloria Lee
- Ly Tong
- Haia Lifşiţ
- Ihar Losik, Belarusian blogger
- Joe Madison, known as “The Black Eagle," radio personality and human and civil rights activist, 2021
- Anatoly Marchenko
- Holger Meins
- Akbar Mohammadi
- Abel Muzorewa, Zimbabwean politician and cleric, 1983
- Tony Nicklinson
- Jock Palfreeman
- Vasudev Balwant Phadke
- Darshan Singh Pheruman
- Kemal Pir
- Muhammad al-Qiq
- Mahmudur Rahman, Bangladeshi news editor
- Militão Ribeiro
- Randall Robinson
- George Rolph
- Mikheil Saakashvili
- Hoda Saber
- Arash Sadeghi
- Andrei Sakharov[14]
- Kostas Sakkas
- Nigamananda Saraswati – Protest against illegal mining in the Ganges River
- Jaume Sastre i Font, Catalan teacher in Mallorca
- Nadiya Savchenko, Ukrainian Ground Forces helicopter pilot, kidnapped and detained in Russian prison, 2015 and 2016.
- Oleg Sentsov, Ukrainian filmmaker and writer
- Irom Sharmila
- Bhagat Singh Indian socialist revolutionary
- Surat Singh Khalsa, Sikh Activist
- Mitch Snyder, Homeless Advocate
- Mohamed Soltan, Egyptian opposition activist, 2014
- Theresa Spence
- Potti Sreeramulu Indian revolutionary, specifically for the Andhra region independence movement.
- Thileepan (Rasaiah Parthipan)
- Yulia Tymoshenko
- Judith Todd Political activist regarding Zimbabwe.
- Sergey Udaltsov, Russian opposition activist, 2011 and 2014
- Lluís Maria Xirinacs, Catalan politician, writer, and religious leader
- Lin Yi-hsiung – Protest against the construction of the Lungmen Nuclear Power Plant in New Taipei City
- Shahrokh Zamani, Iranian Labour Activist, Died 2015 in Islamic Republic of Iran's prison
- Govinda K.C. Nepali orthopaedic surgeon and philanthropic activist.
- Ebru Timtik, Kurdish-Turkish human rights lawyer, Died 2020
- Alexei Navalny, Russian opposition leader and anti-corruption activist, 2021.[15]
- Parit Chiwarak and Panusaya Sithijirawattanakul, jailed pro-democratic activists, 2021 – demanding justice and scrapping of Lese majeste in Thailand[16]
- Jeanine Áñez, jailed former president of Bolivia, 2022.[17]
- Vojislav Šešelj, Serbian politician
- Kim Young-sam, South Korean politician
- Kim Dae-jung, South Korean politician
- Chun Doo-hwan, South Korean politician
- Chun Jung-bae, South Korean politician
- Moon Sung-hyun, South Korean politician
- Woo Sang-ho (politician), South Korea
- Choi Byung-ryeol, South Korean politician
- Moon Jae-in, South Korean politician
- Cho Won-jin, South Korean politician
- Kim Sung-tae, South Korean politician
- Hwang Kyo-ahn, South Korean politician
- Woo Won-shik, South Korean politician
- Lee Jae-myung, South Korean politician
References
- ^ Borders, William; Times, Special To the New York (1981-08-02). "I.R.A. UNSHAKEN BY DECISION ON FAST (Published 1981)". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ McKernan, Bethan (2020-05-08). "Lonely death of Grup Yorum bassist highlights Turkey hunger strikes". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ a b Scull, Maggie. "Timeline of 1981 hunger strike". The Irish Times. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ "Martin Hurson — Died on 13 July 1981 after 46 days on hunger strike in the H-Blocks of Long Kesh | An Phoblacht". www.anphoblacht.com. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ "Crucifix given by Pope John Paul IIto Patsy O'Hara in Derry museum". www.derryjournal.com. 7 September 2019. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ "On This Day: Bobby Sands, Long Kesh hunger striker, passes away". IrishCentral.com. 2020-09-11. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ "On This Day: Mahatma Gandhi's hunger strike against caste separation laws; General Motors founded and more". cnbctv18.com. 2022-09-16. Retrieved 2023-03-11.
- ^ "Four Catalan leaders facing trial in Spain go on hunger strike". the Guardian. 2018-12-04. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ "Grève de la faim: les sans-papiers veulent rester à l'église du Béguinage jusqu'au traitement des dossiers". lalibre.be. Retrieved 2021-09-27.
- ^ "Le cri des sans-papiers du béguinage: "On restera jusqu'à la mort s'il le faut" - Édition digitale de Bruxelles". lacapitale.sudinfo.be. 13 July 2021. Retrieved 2021-09-27.
- ^ "Augusta, i due detenuti morti in sciopero della fame, i rimpalli di responsabilità e quelle denunce mai arrivate – L'inchiesta". Open. 12 May 2023.
- ^ Neumann, Ann (January 15, 2013). "The Longest Hunger Strike". Guernica.
- ^ Mekonnen, Siyanne (17 February 2021). "News Update: Fed Court once again upholds decision for prisoners in hunger strike to get medical care at private hospital". Addis Standard. Archived from the original on 18 February 2021. Retrieved 18 February 2021.
- ^ "Statement on Mr and Mrs. Andrei Sakharov's Hunger Strike". Ronald Reagan. Retrieved 2020-11-06.
- ^ "Putin critic Navalny on hunger strike over Russian prison treatment". BBC News. 2021-03-31. Retrieved 2021-04-07.
- ^ "เพนกวิน พริษฐ์ อดอาหารประท้วงครบ 30 วัน ครอบครัวเผยน้ำหนักลดลงเกือบ 20 กิโลฯ ขณะที่รุ้ง ปนัสยาเอง ก็อดอาหารครบ 16 วันแล้ว". The Matter (in Thai). 2021-04-14. Retrieved 2021-04-22.
- ^ Condori, Edwin (2022-02-09). "A un día del comienzo de su juicio, Jeanine Áñez se declara en huelga de hambre". La Razón (in Spanish). La Paz. Archived from the original on 9 February 2022. Retrieved 2022-02-10.