Supraethnicity
Supraethnicity (from Latin prefix supra- / "above" and Ancient Greek word ἔθνος / "ethnos = people") is a scholarly neologism, used mainly in social sciences as a formal designation for a particular structural category that lies "above" the basic level of ethnicity. It is often paired with subethnicity, a similar technical term with the exact opposite meaning, also designating a particular structural category, but that which lies "under" the level of ethnicity. Both terms are used in ethnic studies in order to describe structural and functional relations between basic (common) form of ethnic identity and various related phenomena that are classified as belonging to "higher" (supraethnic) or "lower" (subethnic) levels. Formally, both categories (supraethnic and subethnic) are designating levels, not the contents. For example, there are several distinctive phenomena that are manifested on the supraethnic level, like: metaethnicity, multiethnicity (pluriethnicity), panethnicity, polyethnicity, or transethnicity, each of them having their own distinctive contents, but all of them sharing the same structural "supraethnic" level. There have been attempts to define some common, not only structural but also functional properties of supraethnicity, but such attempts were challenged by the present state of terminological diversity and inconsistency within the ethnic studies.[1][2][3]
See also
References
- ^ Reifowitz 2003.
- ^ Godina 2007, p. 59-71.
- ^ Fishman 2010, p. 79-94.
Sources
- Bereketeab, Redie (2002). "Supra-ethnic nationalism: The case of Eritrea". African Sociological Review. 6 (2): 137–152.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Fishman, Joshua A. (2010). "Ethnicity and supra‐ethnicity in corpus planning: The hidden status agenda in corpus planning". Nations and Nationalism. 10 (1–2): 79–94.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Godina, Vesna V. (2007). "Supra-ethnic identity in multiethnic societies: The case of Yugoslav multiethnic identity". Ethnoculture. 1: 59–71.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Leman, Johan (1999). "Religions, modulators in pluri‐ethnic cities: An anthropological analysis of the relative shift from ethnic to supra‐ethnic and meta‐ethnic faith communities in Brussels". Journal of Contemporary Religion. 14 (2): 217–231.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Okamoto, Dina G. (2003). "Towards a Theory of Panethnicity: Explaining Asian American Collective Action". American Sociological Review. 68 (6): 811–842.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Okamoto, Dina G. (2008). "Panethnic Identity". Encyclopedia of Race, Ethnicity, and Society. Vol. 2. Los Angeles: SAGE Publications. pp. 1019–1022.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Okamoto, Dina G.; Mora, Cristina (2014). "Panethnicity". Annual Review of Sociology. 40: 219–239.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Rees, Kristoffer M.; Webb-Williams, Nora (2017). "Explaining Kazakhstani identity: Supraethnic identity, ethnicity, language, and citizenship". Nationalities Papers. 45 (5): 815–839.
{{cite journal}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Reifowitz, Ian (2003). Imagining an Austrian Nation: Joseph Samuel Bloch and the Search for a Supraethnic Austrian Identity, 1846-1918. New York: Columbia University Press.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help)