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Demographics of Luton

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Population density in the 2011 census in Luton

Luton, Bedfordshire, England is an ethnically and culturally diverse town of 203,201 people.[1] It's primarily urban, with a population density of 4,696/km2 (12,160/sq mi). Luton has seen several waves of immigration. In the early part of the 20th century, there was internal migration of Irish and Scottish people to the town. These were followed by Afro-Caribbean and Asian immigrants. More recently immigrants from other European Union countries have made Luton their home. As a result of this Luton has a diverse ethnic mix, with a significant population of Asian descent, mainly Pakistani 29,353 (14.4%) and Bangladeshi 13,606 (6.7%).[2]

Since the 2011 census, Luton has had a white British population less than 50%, one of three towns in the United Kingdom along with Leicester and Slough. Luton has a majority white population, when non-British white people such as the Irish and Eastern Europeans are included.[2] 81% of the population of Luton define themselves as British.[3]

Ethnicity

The following table shows the ethnic group of respondents in the 2001 and 2011 censuses in Luton.

Ethnic Group 2001[4] 2011[5]
Number % Number %
White: British 119,793 64.97% 90,530 44.55%
White: Irish 8,569 4.65% 6,126 3.01%
White: Gypsy or Irish Traveller[note 1] 198 0.10%
White: Other 4,204 2.28% 14,225 7.00%
White: Total 132,566 71.90% 111,079 54.66%
Asian or Asian British: Indian 7,538 4.09% 10,625 5.23%
Asian or Asian British: Pakistani 17,012 9.23% 29,353 14.45%
Asian or Asian British: Bangladeshi 7,641 4.14% 13,606 6.70%
Asian or Asian British: Chinese[note 2] 1,096 0.59% 1,497 0.74%
Asian or Asian British: Other Asian 1,486 0.81% 5,871 2.89%
Asian or Asian British: Total 34,773 18.86% 60,952 30.00%
Black or Black British: Caribbean 7,653 4.15% 8,177 4.02%
Black or Black British: African 3,204 1.74% 9,169 4.51%
Black or Black British: Other Black 827 0.45% 2,563 1.26%
Black or Black British: Total 11,684 6.34% 19,909 9.80%
Mixed: White and Black Caribbean 2,414 1.31% 3,831 1.89%
Mixed: White and Black African 389 0.21% 915 0.45%
Mixed: White and Asian 1,058 0.57% 1,805 0.89%
Mixed: Other Mixed 867 0.47% 1,730 0.85%
Mixed: Total 4,728 2.56% 8,281 4.08%
Other: Arab[note 3] 1,646 0.81%
Other: Any other ethnic group 620 0.34% 1,334 0.66%
Other: Total 620 0.34% 2,980 1.47%
Total 184,371 100.00% 203,201 100.00%

Notes

  1. ^ New category created for the 2011 census
  2. ^ In 2001, listed under the 'Chinese or other ethnic group' heading.
  3. ^ New category created for the 2011 census

Distribution

Distribution of ethnic groups according to the 2011 census in Luton
  • White
    White
  • White-British
    White-British
  • White-Irish
    White-Irish
  • White-Other
    White-Other
  • Asian
    Asian
  • Asian-Indian
    Asian-Indian
  • Asian-Pakistani
    Asian-Pakistani
  • Asian-Bangladeshi
    Asian-Bangladeshi
  • Asian-Chinese
    Asian-Chinese
  • Black
    Black
  • Black-African
    Black-African
  • Black-Caribbean
    Black-Caribbean
  • Other-Arab
    Other-Arab

Languages

The most common main languages spoken in Luton according to the 2011 census are shown in the following table.[6]

Rank Language Usual residents aged 3+ Proportion
1 English 153,463 79.43%
2 Urdu 8,567 4.43%
3 Polish 8,006 4.14%
4 Bengali (with Sylheti and Chatgaya) 6,337 3.28%
5 Punjabi 2,203 1.14%
6 Gujarati 1,714 0.89%
7 Arabic 1,037 0.54%
8 Lithuanian 698 0.36%
9 Tamil 653 0.34%
10 Tagalog/Filipino 524 0.27%
11 Shona 489 0.25%
12 Hindi 484 0.25%
13 French 439 0.23%
14 Portuguese 397 0.21%
15 Slovak 352 0.18%
16 Italian 342 0.18%
17 Romanian 340 0.18%
18 Russian 324 0.17%
19 Malayalam 316 0.16%
20 Pashto 293 0.15%
Other 6,217 3.22%

Religion

The following table shows the religion of respondents in the 2001 and 2011 censuses in Luton.

Religion 2001[7] 2011[8]
Number % Number %
Christian 109,973 59.65% 96,271 47.38%
Buddhist 456 0.25% 652 0.32%
Hindu 5,025 2.73% 6,749 3.32%
Jewish 534 0.29% 326 0.16%
Muslim 26,963 14.62% 49,991 24.60%
Sikh 1,487 0.81% 2,347 1.16%
Other religion 642 0.35% 898 0.44%
No religion 25,960 14.08% 33,594 16.53%
Religion not stated 13,331 7.23% 12,373 6.09%
Total 184,371 100.00% 203,201 100.00%

Distribution

Distribution of religions according to the 2011 census in Luton
  • Christianity
    Christianity
  • Islam
    Islam
  • Judaism
    Judaism
  • Hinduism
    Hinduism
  • Sikhism
    Sikhism
  • Buddhism
    Buddhism
  • Other religion
    Other religion
  • No religion
    No religion

See also

References

  1. ^ "LUTON BOROUGH PROFILE 2011 CENSUS DATA" (PDF).
  2. ^ a b "Local Authority by Ethnic Group". Office for National Statistics. Retrieved 20 February 2013.
  3. ^ Philipson, Alice. "White Britons a minority in Leicester, Luton and Slough". Telegraph. Retrieved 17 March 2013.
  4. ^ "2001 census - theme tables". NOMIS. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  5. ^ "Download:local authorities: county / unitary". NOMIS. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  6. ^ "Download:local authorities: county / unitary". NOMIS. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  7. ^ "2001 census - theme tables". Retrieved 17 June 2015.
  8. ^ "Download:local authorities: county / unitary". NOMIS. Retrieved 17 June 2015.
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