Nine Ladies
 The Nine Ladies stone circle | |
  Location in Derbyshire | |
| Location | Stanton Moor |
|---|---|
| Coordinates | 53°10′5″N 1°37′44″W / 53.16806°N 1.62889°W |
| Type | Stone circle |
| History | |
| Periods | Bronze Age |
Nine Ladies is a Bronze Age stone circle located on Stanton Moor, Derbyshire, England.[1] Part of the Peak District National Park, the site is owned by English Heritage and is often visited by tourists and hill walkers. Druids and pagans occasionally celebrate summer solstice there.[2]
Description
There are nine upright stones, each of local millstone grit, each less than a metre high, in a clearing in a modern wood planted on Stanton Moor.[3] They sit in a rough circle with a gap at the south side of the circle where no stone-hole has been found. However, an additional stone, lying flat rather than upright, was discovered after being exposed as a crop mark in the dry weather of 1976. It is now visible.[4] The circle is built on an embankment which levelled the local terrain.[5] The small "King Stone" lies forty metres from the circle to the west-south-west and is clearly visible from it.[1]
The Nine Ladies were among the 28 archetypal monuments in England and Wales included in General Pitt-Rivers’ Schedule to the first Ancient Monuments Protection Act, which became law in 1882. It was taken into state care the following year.[6]
Although there have long been concerns over such an isolated archaeological site being exposed to damage, towards the end of the 20th century these fears led to a series of surface surveys and exploratory excavations being undertaken. Ground surveys were undertaken by Trent & Peak Archaeological Trust between 1988 and 1997, leading to small-scale excavations in 2000 with the purpose of determining whether modern-day disturbance causes loss of archaeological deposits.[7]
Quarry protest
The site has been the focus of a long-running environmental protest. In 1999 Stancliffe Stone Ltd submitted a planning application to re-open two dormant quarries (Endcliffe and Lees Cross) on the wooded hillside beside Stanton Moor. The proposed quarry was only 200 metres (660 ft) from Nine Ladies, on land owned by Haddon Hall estate and leased to Stancliffe Stone.
A local protest group SLAG (Stanton Lees Action Group) was set up to oppose the quarry. The group was joined by environmental protesters who set up a long-running and controversial protest camp. They built many tree houses, from which the inhabitants were hard to evict. The protesters defied a court eviction order in February 2004, and continued to occupy the site until the winter of 2008–09.
In 2004 the High Court classified the two quarries as dormant. There was an appeal against the decision, but the classification was upheld in June 2005.[8] This meant that the quarries could not re-open until the Peak District National Park Authority agreed on a set of working conditions for them. In 2008 permission to quarry near the circle was finally revoked.[9]
Modern druid activity
The site is a popular venue for pagan worship, particularly around the time of the solstices.[10] Pagans were amongst those protesting against the quarrying on the moor.[11] However, the pagan worshippers at the site are not a unified body and so tensions exist: for example, some pagans may leave offerings in the circle, but others regard these as litter.[12]
Notes
- ^ a b Burl 1995:53
- ^ McGuire and Smith 2007:12
- ^ Cope 1998:262
- ^ McGuire and Smith 2007:20
- ^ McGuire and Smith 2007:26
- ^ McGuire and Smith 2007:19
- ^ Guilbert, Graeme; Garton, Daryl (2010). "Nine Ladies, Stanton Moor: Surface survey and exploratory excavations in response to erosion,1988-2000" (PDF). Derbyshire Archaeological Journal. 130. Trent & Peak Archaeology: 1–62. Retrieved 26 February 2017.
- ^ Earth First! Action Reports
- ^ Dugan 2008
- ^ McGuire and Smith 2007:49-50 citing Isherwood 2004
- ^ Blain and Wallis 2007
- ^ McGuire and Smith 2007:109-110
References
- Blain, Jenny; Wallis, Robert J. (2007). Sacred sites--contested rites/rights: Pagan engagements with archaeological monuments. Eastbourne, UK: Sussex Academic Press. ISBN 1-84519-130-7.
- Burl, A. (1995). The Stone Circles of Britain, Ireland and Brittany. New Haven:CT: Yale University Press. ISBN 0-300-06331-8.
- Cope, J. (1998). The Modern Antiquarian. London: Thorsons. ISBN 0-7225-3599-6.
- Dugan, Emily (5 August 2008). "The eco-warriors who became local heroes". The Independent. London. Retrieved 2009-09-06.
- McGuire, Stella; Smith, Ken (2007). "Stanton Moor Conservation Plan 2007" (PDF). Peak District National Park Authority. Retrieved 2009-09-06.
- Isherwood, R. (2004). Meanings and Values within a Contested Landscape: the case of the Nine Ladies Stone Circle, Stanton Moor, Derbyshire. (Unpublished MA dissertation). Department of Art History and Archaeology, University of Manchester.
External links
- Nine Ladies page: English Heritage
- Nine Ladies Anti-Quarry Campaign
- Guardian Article: Eco-warriors sense victory in battle to protect Nine Ladies
- The Megalithic Portal Nine Ladies Page
- The Modern Antiquarian Nine Ladies Page
