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Centennial Light

Coordinates: 37°40′48″N 121°44′22″W / 37.68000°N 121.73944°W / 37.68000; -121.73944
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Centennial Light
Livermore's Centennial Light Bulb
TypeCarbon-filament
Working principle‍Incandescence

The Centennial Light is the world's longest-lasting light bulb, burning since 1901, and almost never switched off. It is at 4550 East Avenue, Livermore, California, and maintained by the Livermore-Pleasanton Fire Department.[1] Due to its longevity, the bulb has been noted by The Guinness Book of World Records,[2] Ripley's Believe It or Not!, and General Electric.[3]

History

The Centennial Light was originally a 30-watt[4] (or 60-watt[5]) bulb, but is now very dim, emitting about the same light as a 4-watt nightlight.[4][6] The hand-blown, carbon-filament common light bulb was invented by Adolphe Chaillet, a French engineer who filed a patent for this technology.[7] It was manufactured in Shelby, Ohio, by the Shelby Electric Company in the late 1890s;[5] many just like it still exist and can be found functioning.[8] According to Zylpha Bernal Beck, the bulb was donated to the Fire Department by her father, Dennis Bernal, in 1901.[5] Bernal owned the Livermore Power and Water Company and donated the bulb to the fire station when he sold the company. That story has been supported by firefighter volunteers of that era.[9]

Evidence suggests that the bulb has hung in at least four locations. It was originally hung in 1901 in a hose cart house on L Street,[9] then moved to a garage in downtown Livermore used by the fire and police departments.[10] When the fire department consolidated, it was moved again to a newly constructed City Hall that housed the unified departments.

Its unusual longevity was first noticed in 1972 by reporter Mike Dunstan. After weeks of interviewing people who had lived in Livermore all their lives, he wrote "Light Bulb May Be World's Oldest", published in the Tri-Valley Herald. Dunstan contacted the Guinness Book of World Records, Ripley's Believe It or Not, and General Electric, who all confirmed it as the longest-lasting bulb known in existence. The article came to the attention of Charles Kuralt of the CBS-TV program On the Road with Charles Kuralt.

A photo of the pendant light at Fire Station #6 in which the bulb is installed.
The pendant light at Fire Station #6 in which the bulb is installed.

In 1976, the fire department moved to Fire Station #6 with the bulb; the bulb socket's cord was severed for fear that unscrewing the bulb could damage it. It was deprived of electricity for only 22 minutes during the transfer, which was made in a specially designed box and with full firetruck escort. An electrician was on hand to install the bulb into the new fire station's emergency generator. Ripley's Believe It Or Not stated that the short delay would not mar the bulb's continuous burning record. Since that move, the bulb has run continuously on an uninterruptible power supply; previously it had only been off the grid for short periods of time (e.g. a week in 1937 for a renovation and the odd power outage).[5] In 2001, the bulb's 100th birthday was celebrated with a community barbecue and live music.[5]

On the evening of May 20, 2013, the general public witnessed, through a dedicated webcam, that the bulb had apparently burned out. The next morning, an electrician was called in to confirm its status. It was determined that the bulb had not burned out when the dedicated power supply was bypassed, using an extension cord. The power supply was found to have been faulty. Approximately nine hours and 45 minutes had transpired before the light was reestablished.[11]

The bulb is cared for by the Centennial Light Bulb Committee, a partnership of the Livermore-Pleasanton Fire Department, Livermore Heritage Guild, Lawrence Livermore National Laboratories, and Sandia National Laboratories. The Livermore-Pleasanton Fire Department plans to house and maintain the bulb for the rest of its life, regardless of length. When it does go out, they have no plans for it, although Ripley's Believe it or Not! has requested it for their museum.[5] The bulb's long life has been attributed to its low power, nearly continuous operation, and dedicated power supply.[12]

Publicity

The bulb was officially listed in the Guinness Book of World Records as "the most durable light" in 1972, replacing another bulb in Fort Worth, Texas. The bulb was listed in the book for the next 16 editions. It was not listed during 1988–2006, without a reason being given, before returning in 2007.[13]

The 2010 French–Spanish documentary The Light Bulb Conspiracy, discussing themes of planned obsolescence, refers to the Centennial Light extensively.[14]

According to the fire chief, every few months a news outlet will publish a story on the bulb, generating visitors and general interest, then it will drop back into obscurity for a while. Dozens of magazines and newspapers have featured articles on the bulb.[15] The bulb has been visited and featured by many major news channels[15] in the United States, including NBC, ABC, Fox, CBS,[16] WB, CNN and NPR.[1] The bulb has received letters acknowledging and celebrating its longevity from the city of Shelby, Ohio,[17] the Alameda County Board of Supervisors,[18] the California State Assembly,[19] the California State Senate,[20] Congresswoman Ellen Tauscher,[21] Senator Barbara Boxer,[22] and President George W. Bush.[23] The bulb was featured on an episode of MythBusters on December 13, 2006,[24][25] in the PBS documentary Livermore, in an episode of 99% Invisible,[26] in the web series 17776,[27][28] and in a brief mention on Warehouse 13 in the season-one episode "Regrets".[29]

In 2012, French artist Maxime Bondu made a handmade replica of the Centennial Light Bulb, and plugged it into a battery system in the attempt to keep it permanently on.[30]

See also

References

  1. ^ a b "Century Light Bulb". National Public Radio. 2001-06-10. Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  2. ^ Longest burning light bulb, Guinness World Records.
  3. ^ "The Little Bulb That Could... and Does" (article), VIA, retrieved January 27, 2007.
  4. ^ a b Benca, Jeanine (February 6, 2011), "Tests shine light on the secret of the Livermore light bulb", Contra Costa Times
  5. ^ a b c d e f "Facts". Livermore: Centennial Light. Retrieved 2007-01-20.
  6. ^ "Centennial bulb", USA Today, 2003-04-02, retrieved January 27, 2007
  7. ^ Chaillet, Adolphe Alexandre. [(en) Adolphe Alexandre Chaillet, « Patent US 625321A : A.A. CHAILLET. Socket for incandescent lamps » [archive], sur google.com (consulté le 24 juin 2017). "Patent US625321A.A. CHAILLET. Socket for incandescent lamps"]. Google Patent. Retrieved 31 May 2020. {{cite web}}: Check |url= value (help)
  8. ^ Steve's Shelby Collection, Centennial Bulb, retrieved January 20, 2007.
  9. ^ a b Light Bulb May Be World's Oldest, Centennial Bulb, retrieved October 14, 2009.
  10. ^ Livermore timeline, Public Broadcasting Service.
  11. ^ https://www.centennialbulb.org/campics.htm
  12. ^ Light Bulb Methuselahs, Roadside America.
  13. ^ Guinness page, Centennial Bulb.
  14. ^ Documentary by Cosima Dannoritzer, The Light Bulb Conspiracy, 2010. (Online)
  15. ^ a b "Articles". Livermore: Centennial Light.
  16. ^ "Eternal Light Bulb". Vanderbilt Television News Archive. CBS Evening News. March 23, 1972.
  17. ^ "Proclamation: Livermore/Pleasanton California Centennial Light" (JPEG). City of Shelby. June 6, 2001. Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  18. ^ "Resolution: Congratulations Livermore's Centennial Light, 1901–2001" (JPEG). Board of Supervisors, County of Alameda, State of California. June 8, 2001. Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  19. ^ "Certificate of Recognition" (JPEG). California State Assembly. Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  20. ^ "Certificate of Recognition" (JPEG). State of California Senate. June 8, 2001. Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  21. ^ Ellen O. Tauscher (June 8, 2001). "Letter of congratulations" (JPEG). Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  22. ^ Barbara Boxer (June 8, 2001). "Letter of congratulations" (JPEG). Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  23. ^ George W. Bush (June 1, 2001). "Letter from the President" (JPEG). Retrieved 2007-01-15.
  24. ^ "Mythbusters Interview". Livermore's Centennial Light.
  25. ^ Mythbusters episode guide, Discovery Channel, archived from the original on 2009-08-23, retrieved 2006-12-18.
  26. ^ "99% Invisible Episode 144: There Is a Light That Never Goes Out".
  27. ^ "17776 Chapter 17: No no no no no no. (Video)".
  28. ^ "17776 Chapter 18: Livermore, California".
  29. ^ "Closed captions from Warehouse 13, Season 1, Ep. 9 Regrets, @00:04:21".
  30. ^ "The Bulb of Livermore – Maxime Bondu" (in French). Retrieved 2019-07-24.
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37°40′48″N 121°44′22″W / 37.68000°N 121.73944°W / 37.68000; -121.73944

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