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Doyle

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This article is about the surname "Doyle". For other uses, see Doyle (disambiguation).

Doyle is a surname of Irish origin. The name is a back-formation of O'Doyle, which is an Anglicisation of the Irish: Ó Dubhghaill (Irish pronunciation: [oːˈd̪ˠʊwəlʲ]), meaning "descendant of Dubhghall". There is another possible etymology: the Anglo-Norman surname D'Oyley with agglutination of the French article de (cf. Disney). It means 'from Ouilly', name of a knight who originated from one of the Ouilly located in Normandy such as Ouilly-le-Tesson (Calvados, Oylley 1050), Ouilly-le-Vicomte (Calvados, de Oilleio 1279), etc. The relationship with the family D'Oyly is unknown.

The personal name Dubhghall contains the elements dubh "black" + gall "stranger".[1] Similar Scottish and Irish surnames, derived from the same personal name are: MacDougall / McDougall and MacDowell / McDowell.[1]

During the Viking Age the term Dubhghoill was used to describe the Vikings—usually Danes—and the term Fionnghoill ("fair foreigners") was used to describe Norwegians.[2] There is uncertainty as to the exact meaning of these terms. If they do not refer to literal colours of hair, complexion, or apparel, the terms could denote "new" and "old" Vikings. If correct, the terms may distinguish differing groups or dynasties, or perhaps represent ethnonyms referring to Danes and Norwegians respectively.[3] Later, Fionnghall was used to describe Scottish Gaels from the Hebrides, and sometimes the Hiberno-Normans (or "Old English"). The most common term for the Hiberno-Normans was Seanghoill ("old foreigners") to difference themselves from the Dubhghoill the "new foreigners" or "dark foreigners" who came to Ireland during Tudor conquest of Ireland.[2]

The name Doyle is not found in any of the old genealogies, like other prominent Irish families. This has led many to maintain that the Doyles are of somewhat recent origin in Ireland. In 2014, Doyle was the ninth most common surname in Ireland.[4] In consequence it is thought that there may be several different specific origins for the name. Doyles found in Ulster may be of Scottish descent, as the name was used for MacDowell. In the 20th century the principal locations for the surname were in Dublin, Wexford, Wicklow, Carlow, Kerry and Cork.[5]

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References

  1. ^ a b "Doyle Name Meaning and History". Ancestry.com. Retrieved 2008-10-07.
  2. ^ a b McLeod, Wilson (2002). Divided Gaels, Gaelic Cultural Identities in Scotland and Ireland, c.1200–c.1650. Oxford University Press. pp. 126–129. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  3. ^ Etchingham, C (2014). "Names for the Vikings in Irish Annals". In Sigurðsson, JV; Bolton, T (eds.). Celtic-Norse Relationships in the Irish Sea in the Middle Ages, 800–1200. The Northern World: North Europe and the Baltic c. 400–1700 AD. Peoples, Economics and Cultures (series vol. 65). Leiden: Brill. pp. 27–28, 31–32, 37–38. ISBN 978-90-04-25512-8. ISSN 1569-1462.
  4. ^ "REVEALED: Top 20 Irish surnames". Independent.ie.
  5. ^ O'Laughlin, Michael C. (2002). The Book of Irish Families, Great & Small: Great & Small. Irish Roots Cafe. p. 87. ISBN 0-940134-09-8. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
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