Mandatory Palestine national football team

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Mandatory Palestine
1934–1940
Shirt badge/Association crest
Nickname(s)Eretz Israel
(Land of Israel)
AssociationPalestine Football Association (PFA)
Head coachShimon Ratner (1934 WCQ)
Egon Pollak (1938 WCQ)
Arthur Baar (1940 Friendly)
CaptainAvraham Reznik (1934–1938)
Pinhas Fiedler (1934)
Gdalyahu Fuchs (1938)
Werner Kaspi (1940)
Most capsGdalyahu Fuchs (4)
Top scorerWerner Kaspi (2)
Home stadiumHapoel Ground, Tel Aviv
Maccabiah Stadium, Tel Aviv
Maccabi Ground, Tel Aviv
FIFA codePAL
First colours
First international
 Egypt 7–1 Mandatory Palestine 
(Cairo, Egypt; 16 March 1934)
Last international
 Mandatory Palestine 5–1 Lebanon 
(Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine; 27 April 1940)
Biggest win
 Mandatory Palestine 5–1 Lebanon 
(Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine; 27 April 1940)
Biggest defeat
 Egypt 7–1 Mandatory Palestine 
(Cairo, Egypt; 16 March 1934)

The Mandatory Palestine national football team, also known as the Eretz Israel national football team (Hebrew: נבחרת ארץ ישראל בכדורגל, romanized: Nivheret Eretz Yisrael Bekhadurgel, lit. 'Land of Israel national football team'), represented the British Mandate of Palestine in international football competitions, and was managed by the Palestine Football Association (Hebrew: התאחדות ארץ ישראלית למשחק כדור-רגל, romanized: Hitachduth Eretz Yisraelit Lekhadur Regel, lit. 'The Land of Israel Association of Football').[a]

Founded in 1928, the Palestine Football Association became a member of FIFA in 1929. The team used to play in the Maccabiah Stadium and Hapoel Ground, both located in Tel Aviv. Mandatory Palestine played five official games (four FIFA World Cup qualifiers, and one friendly), before it officially became the national team of Israel in 1948.

History

Mandatory Palestine during its tour in Egypt in 1931.

Football was introduced to Palestine by the British military during its occupation of the territory in World War I. After the war, the sport's development was continued by "European Jews who had been exposed to soccer in their native countries".[1] The Palestine Football Association was founded in August 1928 and applied for membership in FIFA. It was accepted to FIFA on 6 June 1929 as the Palestine Football Association, following an application by the Jewish Maccabi World Union.[2][3] It was the first of 14 sports organizations which absorbed hundreds of leading sportsmen who immigrated in the wake of antisemitism in Europe.[4]

By FIFA rules, the association had to represent all of Palestine's population, and it made formal claims to that effect. In practice, it was dominated by Jewish players and executives, despite Palestinian Arabs forming the majority of the population.[5]

According to Issam Khalidi, "the Jewish leadership" of the association systematically limited Arab participation by ensuring Jewish clubs constituted its majority, imposing Hebrew for official communication, and adding the Zionist flag in its logo.[6] Consequently, the Palestinian Arab players boycotted the national team and, in 1934, the Arab clubs left the association to form the General Palestinian Sports Association,[5] from which Jews were formally excluded.[7][b]

Mandatory Palestine played five international games before the end of the British Mandate in 1948 which resulted in Israel's independence.[9] During those five games, the national team fielded only Jewish players. Three anthems were played before each match: the British "God Save the King", the Jewish (and future Israeli) "Hatikvah" and the opposing team's anthem.[10]

In 1948 the team became, officially, the national team of Israel.

Players

1934 FIFA World Cup qualification

Coaches: Austria Egon Pollak and Poland Shimon Ratner[11]

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Club
1GK Willy Berger Mandatory Palestine
2DF Avraham Reznik Mandatory Palestine
2DF Pinhas Fiedler Mandatory Palestine
3MF Zalman Friedmann Mandatory Palestine
3MF Gdalyahu Fuchs Mandatory Palestine
3MF Yohanan Sukenik Mandatory Palestine
4FW Amnon Harlap Mandatory Palestine
4FW Avraham Nudelman Mandatory Palestine
Perry Kraus Mandatory Palestine
Paul Kastenbaum Mandatory Palestine
Haim Reich Mandatory Palestine
David Weinberg Mandatory Palestine
Yaacov Levi-Meir Mandatory Palestine
Yaacov Zelibanski Mandatory Palestine

1938 FIFA World Cup qualification

Coach: Austria Egon Pollak[11]

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Club
1 1GK Julius Klein Mandatory Palestine
1GK Israel Elsner Mandatory Palestine
2 2DF Avraham Beit-Halevi Mandatory Palestine
3 2DF Avraham Reznik (Captain) Mandatory Palestine
4 3MF Yosef Liebermann Mandatory Palestine
5 3MF Yohanan Sukenik Mandatory Palestine
6 3MF Menahem Mirmovich Mandatory Palestine
3MF Gdalyahu Fuchs Mandatory Palestine
7 4FW Shmuel "Mila" Ginzburg Mandatory Palestine
8 4FW Shuka Brashedski Mandatory Palestine
9 4FW Peri Neufeld Mandatory Palestine
10 4FW Gaul Machlis Mandatory Palestine
11 4FW Avraham Nudelman Mandatory Palestine
4FW Yona Stern Mandatory Palestine
4FW Jerry Beit-Halevi Mandatory Palestine
4FW Nathan Pentzi Mandatory Palestine

1940 friendly

Coach: Austria Arthur Baar[11]

No. Pos. Player Date of birth (age) Club
1GK Binyamin Mizrahi Mandatory Palestine Beitar Tel Aviv
1GK Asi Asher Mandatory Palestine Hakoah Tel Aviv
2DF Shalom Shalomzon Mandatory Palestine Maccabi Tel Aviv
2DF Yaacov Breir Mandatory Palestine Hapoel Haifa
2DF Lonia Dvorin Mandatory Palestine Beitar Tel Aviv
3MF Zalman "Dzampa" Friedmann Mandatory Palestine Hapoel Tel Aviv
3MF Zvi Fuchs Mandatory Palestine Maccabi Tel Aviv
3MF Haim Reich Mandatory Palestine Hapoel Tel Aviv
4FW Herbert Meitner Mandatory Palestine Hapoel Rishon
4FW Zvi "Doctor" Erlich Mandatory Palestine Hapoel Tel Aviv
4FW Werner Kaspi (Captain) Mandatory Palestine Beitar Tel Aviv
4FW Avraham Schneiderowitz Mandatory Palestine Maccabi Nes Tziona
4FW Gaul Machlis Mandatory Palestine Maccabi Tel Aviv
4FW Peri Neufeld Mandatory Palestine Maccabi Tel Aviv

FIFA World Cup record

Mandatory Palestine's FIFA World Cup record Qualification record
Host nation(s)
and year 		Round Pos Pld W D L GF GA Squad Outcome Pld W D L GF GA
Uruguay 1930 Did not participate Did not participate
Italy 1934 Did not qualify 2nd of 2 2 0 0 2 2 11
France 1938 2nd of 2 2 0 0 2 1 4
1950–present See Israel national football team See Israel national football team
Total Best: N/A 0/3 0 0 0 0 0 0 — Total 4 0 0 4 3 15

Results

16 March 1934 1934 FIFA World Cup qualification Egypt  7–1  Mandatory Palestine Cairo, Egypt
  • Mokhtar 11', 35', 51'
  • Taha 21', 79'
  • Latif 43', 87'
 Report
Stadium: British Army Ground
Attendance: 13,000
Referee: Stanley Wells (England)
6 April 1934 1934 FIFA World Cup qualification Mandatory Palestine  1–4  Egypt Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine
 Report
Stadium: Hapoel Ground
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Frederick John Goodsby (England)
22 January 1938 1938 FIFA World Cup qualification Mandatory Palestine  1–3  Greece Tel Aviv, Mandatory Palestine
 Report
Stadium: Maccabiah Stadium
Attendance: 8,000
Referee: Mohammed Youssef (Egypt)
20 February 1938 1938 FIFA World Cup qualification Greece  1–0  Mandatory Palestine Athens, Greece
Vikelidis 88' (pen.) Report Stadium: Stadio Leoforos Alexandras
Attendance: 12,000
Referee: Mika Popović (Yugoslavia)

See also

Notes

  1. ^ According to the Israel Football Association, the name of the association was "Eretz Israel Football Association".[1]
  2. ^ Richard Henshaw's encyclopaedia also noted that "Islamic beliefs throughout the Arab world resisted Western cultural institutions such as soccer until well after World War II, by which time Arab participation in the development of Israeli soccer was nearly impossible."[8]

References

  1. ^ a b Henshaw 1979, p. 387.
  2. ^ Foundation and Affiliation year in Association Information of Israel at FIFA official website
  3. ^ Foundation and FIFA affiliation years on association information of Israel at UEFA website
  4. ^ Griver, Simon (June 1999). "Sports in Israel". Israel Ministry of Foreign Affairs. Archived from the original on 22 June 2013. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
  5. ^ a b Sorek 2003, p. 417–437.
  6. ^ Khalidi, Issam (Spring 2014). "Sports and Aspirations: Football in Palestine, 1900–1948" (PDF). Jerusalem Quarterly. No. 58. pp. 74–89. Retrieved 14 May 2020. Immediately after being accepted into FIFA, the Jewish leadership of the PFA set about ensuring a majority of Jewish clubs in its membership. The Hebrew language was imposed and the Zionist flag incorporated into the federation's logo. By 1934, the dominance of Zionist officials meant that Arab clubs had no say in the running of the association, despite Arabs comprising over three-quarters of Palestine's population.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  7. ^ Mendel, Yoni (1 May 2015). "The Palestinian soccer league: A microcosm of a national struggle". +972 Magazine. Retrieved 14 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  8. ^ Henshaw 1979, p. 386.
  9. ^ Cazal, Jean-Michel; Bleicher, Yaniv. "British Mandate of Palestine Official Games 1934–1948". RSSSF. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
  10. ^ Mubarak, Hassanin. "Palestine – International Results – Details". RSSSF. Retrieved 20 July 2013.
  11. ^ a b c Cazal, Jean-Michel; Bleicher, Yaniv. "British Mandate of Palestine Official Games 1934–1948". RSSSF. Retrieved 14 May 2020.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)

Bibliography

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