649

649 in various calendars
Gregorian calendar	649; DCXLIX
Ab urbe condita	1402
Armenian calendar	98; ԹՎ ՂԸ
Assyrian calendar	5399
Balinese saka calendar	570–571
Bengali calendar	56
Berber calendar	1599
Buddhist calendar	1193
Burmese calendar	11
Byzantine calendar	6157–6158
Chinese calendar	戊申年 (Earth Monkey); 3346 or 3139; — to —; 己酉年 (Earth Rooster); 3347 or 3140
Coptic calendar	365–366
Discordian calendar	1815
Ethiopian calendar	641–642
Hebrew calendar	4409–4410
Hindu calendars
- Vikram Samvat	705–706
- Shaka Samvat	570–571
- Kali Yuga	3749–3750
Holocene calendar	10649
Iranian calendar	27–28
Islamic calendar	28–29
Japanese calendar	Taika 5; (大化５年)
Javanese calendar	540–541
Julian calendar	649; DCXLIX
Korean calendar	2982
Minguo calendar	1263 before ROC; 民前1263年
Nanakshahi calendar	−819
Seleucid era	960/961 AG
Thai solar calendar	1191–1192
Tibetan calendar	阳土猴年; (male Earth-Monkey); 775 or 394 or −378; — to —; 阴土鸡年; (female Earth-Rooster); 776 or 395 or −377

Millennium:	1st millennium
Centuries:	6th century; 7th century ; 8th century;
Decades:	620s; 630s; 640s ; 650s; 660s;
Years:	646; 647; 648; 649 ; 650; 651; 652;

Year 649 (DCXLIX) was a common year starting on Thursday (link will display the full calendar) of the Julian calendar. The denomination 649 for this year has been used since the early medieval period, when the Anno Domini calendar era became the prevalent method in Europe for naming years.

Events

Arab–Byzantine War: Arab naval forces under Abdullah ibn Saad conquer Cyprus, sacking the capital Constantia after a short siege, and looting the rest of the island. The Cypriots agree to pay the same revenue as they have done to Emperor Constans II.^[1]
Constans II orders Olympius, exarch of the Exarchate of Ravenna, to arrest Pope Martin I on the ostensible grounds that the pope's election has not been submitted to the emperor for approval, but in fact because of the Lateran Council of 649's condemnation of Monothelitism and the Type of Constans. Olympius attempts to gain the support of the citizens of Rome and the bishops, with little success, and perhaps considers the assassination of the Pope.

January – Chindasuinth, at the urging of bishop Braulio of Zaragoza, confirms his son Recceswinth as co-ruler of the Visigothic Kingdom.^[2]

Muawiyah ibn Abi Sufyan, governor of Syria, develops an Arab navy in the Levant and uses it to confront the Byzantine Empire in the Aegean Sea. It is manned by Monophysitise Christian, Coptic and Syrian Christian sailors.

January 19 – The Tang campaign against Kucha ends after the forces of Kucha surrender, following a 40-day siege led by general Ashina She'er, establishing Chinese control over the northern Tarim Basin (Xinjiang).
June 16 – General Wang Xuance commands a combined Chinese, Nepalese, and Tibetan expedition into India. He ends up winning the battle and acquiring a Buddhist relic.^[3]
July 10 – Emperor Taizong dies after a 23-year reign, in which he has restored the civil administration in China. He is succeeded by his son Gaozong, age 20, who becomes ruler of the Tang dynasty.

Emperor Kōtoku has Soga no Kurayamada accused of treason. He strangles himself at the temple of Yamada-dera. Other relatives of the Soga clan are captured and executed.

May 14 – Pope Theodore I dies after a 7-year reign, in which he has shown generosity to the poor. He is succeeded on July 5 by Martin I as the 74th pope.
October 5 – The Lateran Council of 649, summoned by Theodore and carried forward by Martin, opens. It strongly condemns Monothelitism and the Type of Constans.

^ Muir 1898, p. 205, Chapter XXVIII, "Caliphate of Othman".
^ Paulo Alberto, ed. (2005). Corpus Christianorum, volume 114. Brepols. p. 16.
^ "649 – the year China first invaded India – the Acorn".

Muir, William (1898). The Caliphate: Its Rise, Decline, and Fall, from Original Sources (3rd ed.). London: Smith, Elder. p. 205.