Burnham, Buckinghamshire
| Burnham | |
|---|---|
 St Peter's parish church | |
  Burnham Location within Buckinghamshire | |
| Area | 19.84 km2 (7.66 sq mi) |
| Population | 11,630 (2011 census)[1] |
| • Density | 586/km2 (1,520/sq mi) |
| OS grid reference | SU9282 |
| Civil parish |
|
| District | |
| Shire county | |
| Region | |
| Country | England |
| Sovereign state | United Kingdom |
| Post town | Slough |
| Postcode district | SL1 |
| Dialling code | 01628 |
| Police | Thames Valley |
| Fire | Buckinghamshire |
| Ambulance | South Central |
| UK Parliament | |
Burnham is a large village and civil parish that lies north of the River Thames in the South Bucks District of Buckinghamshire, on the boundary with Berkshire, between the towns of Maidenhead and Slough, about 23 miles west of Charing Cross, London. It is served by Burnham railway station in the west of Slough on the main line between London Paddington and Reading. The M4 motorway passes through the south of the parish.
History
The toponym is derived from the Old English for "homestead on a stream".[2]
It was first recorded in the Domesday Book of 1086 as Burneham, when the manor was held by Walter FitzOther.
Burnham was once a very important village. The road from London to Bath (now the A4) passed through the extensive parish of Burnham and as a result, in 1271, a Royal charter was granted to hold a market and an annual fair. However, when the bridge crossing the Thames in Maidenhead opened, the road was diverted away from Burnham, which fell into relative decline. The market was then transferred to Maidenhead.
Today the village is nearly contiguous with west Slough, though green-buffered by parkland. At the 2011 census the civil parish had a population of 11,630 and Burnham is the traditional village nucleus.[1]
Parish Church
The Church of England parish church of Saint Peter dates in part from the 12th century but has been substantially expanded, refurbished and altered, with major restorations in 1863–64 and 1891 and the construction of the Cornerstone Centre in 1986.[3]
Burnham Abbey
In 1265 a Benedictine women's abbey was founded near the village by Richard, Earl of Cornwall. The community was dispersed under King Henry VIII in the Dissolution of the Monasteries. Since 1916, a contemplative order of Church of England Augustinian nuns has been based in the restored remains of the original abbey.
Ancient Woods
Burnham Beeches, an area of 540 acres (220 ha) of protected ancient woodland, lies just north of the village. Dorneywood is in the parish. The National Trust property of Cliveden is about three miles northwest, in the neighbouring parish of Taplow.
Hamlets
The parish of Burnham included a number of communities: in the 18th century the liberties assessed for the poor rate were Burnham Town, East Burnham, Boveney, Britwell, Cippenham and Wood.[4] Boveney became a separate civil parish in 1866[5] Cippenham was transferred to Slough in 1930,[6] and therefore became part of Berkshire in 1974. Britwell was transferred to the borough of Slough and to Berkshire in 1974.
The current civil parish now includes Lent Rise, Rose Hill, East Burnham, Hitcham, Littleworth and Littleworth Common.
Schools
Burnham Grammar School and The E-ACT Burnham Park Academy provide secondary education to the children of Burnham and the surrounding area. Many students, however, commute to the nearby secondary schools in Slough.[citation needed] Priory School is the largest primary school in the area and provides primary education for many of the local children,[citation needed] although the smaller "Our Lady of Peace" Roman Catholic primary school is next to Priory School.
Owing to its proximity to Pinewood Film & TV Studios, Burnham and its surrounding areas (in particular Burnham Beeches) feature in films, notably main scenes in Carry On films and for the 1991 film Robin Hood: Prince of Thieves.
Amenities
There are four pubs on Burnham's High Street, with two more on the adjacent Church Street and Britwell Road.[7]
Burnham Football Club is a Non-League football team that plays at The Gore.
Burnham has a Local nature reserve on the eastern border of the village called Haymill Valley.[8]
Demography
| Output area | Homes owned outright | Owned with a loan | Socially rented | Privately rented | Other | km² roads | km² water | km² domestic gardens | km² domestic buildings | km² non-domestic buildings | Usual residents | km² |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Civil parish | 1632 | 1748 | 780 | 472 | 60 | 0.716 | 0.057 | 1.907 | 0.355 | 0.122 | 11630 | 19.84 |
Notable people
- Mike Ashley – billionaire businessman
- Jimmy Carr – comedian attended Burnham Grammar School[9]
- Susan Cooper – author
- Armando Iannucci – writer
- Ulrika Jonsson – TV presenter
- Will Mellor – Actor
- Tracey Ullman – comedian[10]
References
- ^ a b c Key Statistics: Dwellings; Quick Statistics: Population Density; Physical Environment: Land Use Survey 2005
- ^ Warminster, Phil; Wiltshire, Devises. "Old English Translator - Contact me". Old English Translator. lue Engine Web Development 2008-2017. Retrieved 8 October 2017.
- ^ St. Peter's Church Burnham – a brief history
- ^ 'Parishes: Burnham with Lower Boveney', in A History of the County of Buckingham: Volume 3, ed. William Page (London, 1925), pp. 165-184. British History Online http://www.british-history.ac.uk/vch/bucks/vol3/pp165-184 [accessed 23 April 2016]
- ^ GB Historical GIS / University of Portsmouth, Boveney Ch/ParLib/CP through time | Census tables with data for the Parish-level Unit, A Vision of Britain through Time. URL: http://www.visionofbritain.org.uk/unit/10093508 Date accessed: 23rd April 2016.
- ^ Vision of Britain website[permanent dead link]
- ^ Whatpub.com - The Garibaldi and other nearby pubs in Burnham
- ^ "Magic Map Application". Magic.defra.gov.uk. Retrieved 16 April 2017.
- ^ Taboo-buster: the dark side of Jimmy Carr The Independent 18 November 2008
- ^ Tracey Ullman biography on album webpage – 'The Best of Tracey Ullman' Archived 15 September 2007 at the Wayback Machine
Further reading
- Page, W.H., ed. (1905). "House of Austin Nuns: 14 the Abbey of Burnham". A History of the County of Buckingham. Victoria County History. Vol. 1. Archibald Constable & Co. pp. 382–384.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Page, W.H., ed. (1925). "Burnham with Lower Boveney". A History of the County of Buckingham. Victoria County History. Vol. 3. pp. 165–184.
{{cite book}}: Invalid|ref=harv(help) - Pevsner, Nikolaus (1960). Buckinghamshire. The Buildings of England. Harmondsworth: Penguin Books. pp. 77–79. ISBN 0-14-071019-1.
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External links
South Bucks District | ||
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| Towns (component areas and hamlets) |  | |
| Other civil parishes (component villages and hamlets) | ||
| Former districts and boroughs | ||
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