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Christoph Heusgen

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Christoph Heusgen - Chairman of the Munich Security Conference
Heusgen in 2023

Christoph Heusgen (born 17 March 1955) is a German diplomat who has served as chairman of the Munich Security Conference since 2022.[1][2]

Heusgen served as German Ambassador to the United Nations in New York from 2017 to 2021.[3][4] He was Under-Secretary for Foreign and Security Policy in the German Chancellery from 2005 to 2017, and described as Angela Merkel's most influential foreign policy and security adviser.[5] During Germany's tenure as a non-permanent member of the United Nations Security Council, Heusgen served as President of the Council in April 2019 and assumed the presidency again in July 2020, with his term ending in December 2020.[6][7]

Early life and education

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The son of pharmacists, Heusgen grew up in Neuss[8] where he graduated from Quirinus-Gymnasium in 1973.[9] During his high school years, he spent a year as an exchange student at Western Reserve Academy, a boarding school in Hudson, Ohio.[10] Heusgen studied in St. Gallen, at Georgia Southern University (GSU) and at Panthéon-Assas University in Paris, and obtained a doctorate from the University of St. Gallen in 1980. Heusgen also enjoyed watching football, stating that he was a fan of FC Bayern Munich.[11]

Career

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Career in the diplomatic service

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Heusgen joined the diplomatic service of West Germany in 1980. His first posting was in the press and economic affairs at the Consulate General in Chicago from 1983 to 1986. He served at the German Embassy in Paris until 1988, before returning to the Federal Foreign Office headquarters in Bonn, where he took on the role of Private Secretary to the Coordinator for German-French Relations Rainer Barzel from 1988 to 1990. Heusgen also held the positions of Deputy Head of the special section in charge of negotiations of the Treaty of Maastricht (1990–1992), Deputy Head in charge of European Affairs in the private office of Foreign Minister Klaus Kinkel (1993–1997).[12]

Heusgen was later appointed Director of the Policy Unit of the High Representative Javier Solana in the General Secretariat of the Council of the European Union in Brussels from 1999 to 2005.[13] During that time, together with Robert Cooper, he notably led efforts on drafting the first-ever European Security Strategy in 2003.[14]

Chief foreign policy advisor to the Chancellor, 2005–2017

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In 2005 Heusgen became Under-Secretary for Foreign and Security Policy in the German Chancellery. In this capacity, he served as chief advisor on foreign and security policy to Chancellor Angela Merkel. By the end of his term, he was the longest-serving official in this position.[9] He was succeeded in 2017 by Jan Hecker, a former judge at the Federal Administrative Court.

Ambassador to the United Nations, 2017–2021

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Heusgen and Fatou Bensouda in February 2019

In November 2016 it became known that Heusgen would succeed Harald Braun as Permanent Representative of Germany to the United Nations in New York in 2017.[15] In that capacity, he led the country's campaign for the United Nations Security Council election in 2018. He subsequently served as the President of the United Nations Security Council in April 2019 and took up the post again in July 2020 when Germany assumed the Presidency once more.[16]

During his time as chair of the Security Council, Heusgen notably led negotiations in July 2020 on extending aid deliveries to Syria for one year. Opposition from both Russia and China caused the council to agree on only one remaining Turkey border crossing. At the time, he told his Chinese and Russian counterparts to report to their capitals that he had asked, "How those people who gave the instructions to cut off the aid of 500,000 children... are ready to look into the mirror tomorrow."[17]

In a programmatic announcement 2018, Heusgen criticized the Trump administration's withdrawal from multilateral formats and its increasingly-unilateral approach, which created "noticeable uncertainty in the UN system."[18]

On 6 October 2020, Heusgen delivered a statement, on behalf of the group of 39 countries, including Germany, the United Kingdom and the United States, that denounced China for its treatment of ethnic minorities in Xinjiang and for its curtailing of freedoms in Hong Kong.[19] Later that month, Heusgen appealed to China to release the former diplomat Michael Kovrig, who has been detained by China since 2018.[20] Heusgen used his last scheduled UN Security Council session, whose official agenda topic was Iran, to call again on China to release Kovrig and the consultant Michael Spavor, who had likewise been detained in 2018. Chinese Deputy Ambassador Geng Shuang bluntly dismissed the appeal.[21]

Chairman of Munich Security Conference

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In 2022 he succeeded Wolfgang Ischinger, chairman of the Munich Security Conference.[22]

Positions

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In June 2022, he called former Russian President Dmitry Medvedev "a clown".[23] Heusgen called for the delivery of German Leopard main battle tanks to Ukraine at the end of 2022.[24]

In October 2023 Christoph Heusgen expressed concern that an Israeli ground offensive in Gaza could further worsen the humanitarian and political situation. He warned of the danger of a wildfire.[25] He called for a two-state solution. On ZDF he used the term "Hamas action" for the massacres on 7. October and gained critics by Israel's ambassador to Germany, Ron Prosor. He called Heusgen's comments as "outrageous."[26] In other interviews Heusgen condemned the attack and called for solidarity with Israel and military support.[27]

Other activities

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Corporate boards

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  • Bosch, Member of the International Advisory Committee (since 2022)[28]

Non-profit organizations

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Recognition

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Personal life

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Heusgen is married to fellow career diplomat Ina Heusgen, and has four children.[3] He is a fan of FC Bayern Munich and in his free time he runs marathons.[36] During his time at the Chancellery, he regularly invited foreign ambassadors to the Neuss Schützenfest in his hometown, including Phil Murphy in 2012,[37] Simon McDonald in 2014,[38] Philippe Étienne in 2015 and John B. Emerson in 2016.[39]

Criticisms

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In 2017, the German tabloid Bild spread leaked information from Russian hacker group Fancy Bear, believed to be linked to Russian intelligence agency GRU, who had hacked into the United Nations' email system and obtained Heusgen's correspondences, including one which suggested that he helped his wife get a job at the UN.[40] Journalists familiar with the issue of working couples reported that it is not uncommon for both partners to seek employment.[41]

The Simon Wiesenthal Center listed Heusgen for 2019 among the year's 10 worst acts of antisemitism.[42][43][44] German tabloid Bild "accused Heusgen in an editorial of 'pure malice' against the Jewish state."[45] The Wiesenthal Center further added that Heusgen "equated 130 rockets fired by terrorist Hamas at Israeli civilians in one week in March with the Jewish state's demolition of terrorists' homes".[46] This accusation was refuted by the Chancellor Angela Merkel in her reply to the Bundestag as well by several members of the German Government, including Andreas Michaelis, then State Secretary at the Federal Foreign Office.[47][48] Michaelis, former Ambassador to Israel, urged the Wiesenthal Center in a leaked letter that the listing was "a big mistake" which "misses the mark and targets an honorable friend of Israel".[49] Israel's Ambassador to Germany also defended Heusgen saying the accusation was totally inappropriate.[50] The German Foreign Office pointed to Heusgen's long track record of supporting Israel's security.[49]

References

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  1. ^ "Interview: MSC-Chef Ischinger gibt seinen Nachfolger bekannt – und benennt die enormen Herausforderungen".
  2. ^ Holger Möhle (20 February 2022), Christoph Heusgen übernimmt Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz : Gestählt für lange Nächte Rheinische Post.
  3. ^ a b New Permanent Representative of Germany Presents Credentials United Nations, press release of 26 July 2017.
  4. ^ Andreas Rinke (June 30, 2021), For UN to stay legitimate, we need a Council seat, German envoy says Reuters.
  5. ^ "Warum in "Jamaika" keiner Außenminister sein will". 15 November 2017.
  6. ^ "Germany has big plans for UN Security Council seat | DW | 01.01.2019". Deutsche Welle.
  7. ^ "German presidency of the UN Security Council: Looking back".
  8. ^ Baten, Ludger (6 September 2017). "Heimatfreunde ehren UN-Botschafter". Rheinische Post (in German). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  9. ^ a b Baten, Ludger (22 December 2016). "Merkels Welterklärer aus Neuss geht zur UN". Rheinische Post (in German). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  10. ^ Karnitschnig, Matthew (19 January 2017). "Germany's last Atlanticist confronts Trump". Politico Europe. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  11. ^ Fillion, Stéphanie (9 April 2019). "UN Security Council Presidency: Two Old Friends Share an Office, Part 2". PassBlue.
  12. ^ Meiritz, Annett (1 March 2019). "Longtime Merkel aide begins term on UN Security Council". Rheinische Post (in German). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  13. ^ "His Excellency Christoph Heusgen". Washington Diplomat.
  14. ^ Karen Carstens (November 17, 2004), Multilateral Man European Voice.
  15. ^ Heusgen soll UN-Botschafter werden, 2016-11-28
  16. ^ Nichols, Michelle (5 April 2019). "U.N. Security Council calls on eastern Libyan troops to halt military movement". Reuters.com. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  17. ^ Nichols, Michelle (12 July 2020). "On fifth attempt, U.N. Security Council renews Syria aid via Turkey". Reuters.com. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  18. ^ "Peacelab.blog".
  19. ^ Wainer, David (6 October 2020). "Western Allies Rebuke China at UN Over Xinjiang, Hong Kong". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on 7 October 2020. Retrieved 6 October 2020.
  20. ^ "China urged to release Canadian Michael Kovrig at UN Security Council meeting". South China Morning Post / AP. 21 October 2020. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  21. ^ Nichols, Michelle (23 December 2020). "'Good riddance', China says as Germany leaves UN Security Council". The Sydney Morning Herald. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  22. ^ "Lebenslauf von Christoph Heusgen".
  23. ^ "Major think tank head insults former Russian president". Azərbaycan24. 19 June 2022.
  24. ^ Merkel-Berater räumt Fehler in Russland-Politik ein orf.at, 31 December 2022, retrieved gleichen Tag.
  25. ^ deutschlandfunk.de (14 October 2023). "Heusgen: "Hamas möchte, dass es schreckliche Bilder gibt"". Deutschlandfunk (in German). Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  26. ^ "Kritik an Christoph Heusgen: Chef der Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz bedauert Aussage zu Gaza". Der Tagesspiegel Online (in German). ISSN 1865-2263. Retrieved 2023-11-03.
  27. ^ BR24: Münchner Sicherheitskonferenz-Chef Christoph Heusgen zur Lage in Nahost | ARD Mediathek (in German), retrieved 2024-02-09
  28. ^ 2022 Annual Report Bosch.
  29. ^ Members of the Council European Council on Foreign Relations (ECFR).
  30. ^ Honorary Advisory Council Dag Hammarskjöld Fund for Journalists.
  31. ^ Members International Gender Champions (IGC).
  32. ^ International Advisory Council International Peace Institute (IPI).
  33. ^ Council German Institute for International and Security Affairs (SWP).
  34. ^ "Aufstellung aller durch den Bundespräsidenten verliehenen Ehrenzeichen für Verdienste um die Republik Österreich ab 1952" (PDF).
  35. ^ "Am Schlossplatz wird getalkt". welt.de (in German). 16 October 2015.
  36. ^ "Veteran diplomat: Longtime Merkel aide begins term on UN Security Council".
  37. ^ Baten, Ludger (11 January 2014). "Christoph Heusgen berät die Bundeskanzlerin: Ein Neusser erklärt Merkel die Welt". Rheinische Post (in German). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  38. ^ Baten, Ludger (9 August 2014). "Der Botschafter der Queen kommt als Ehrengast zum Schützenfest". Rheinische Post (in German). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  39. ^ Baten, Ludger (28 July 2017). "Ein Neusser in New York". Rheinische Post (in German). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  40. ^ Mischke, Judith (20 November 2017). "Russian hackers behind leak of UN diplomat's email: report". Politico Europe. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  41. ^ Meiritz, Annett; Kreijger, Gilbert (March 1, 2019). "Longtime Merkel aide begins term on UN Security Council". Handelsblatt. Retrieved December 19, 2019.
  42. ^ "Deutschlands UN-Botschafter steht wegen Abstimmungsverhaltens in der UN massiv in der Kritik". Jüdische Allgemeine (in German). 13 December 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2019. The American Simon Wiesenthal Center has put the behaviour of the German UN Ambassador Christoph Heusgen on its list of the ten worst anti-Semitic incidents of 2019
  43. ^ "Bundesregierung verteidigt Uno-Botschafter Heusgen". Der Spiegel (in German). 13 December 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2019. In a list of the ten most serious cases of anti-Semitic behavior in 2019, the center ranked the German diplomat in seventh place.
  44. ^ "Organisation setzt deutschen UN-Botschafter auf Platz 7 ihrer Antisemitismus-Liste". Focus (German magazine) (in German). 12 December 2019. Retrieved 16 December 2019. The international Jewish non-governmental organization Simon Wiesenthal Center has placed UN Ambassador Christoph Heusgen in 7th place in an annual ranking of the ten most negative cases of anti-Semitic behaviour worldwide.
  45. ^ Weinthal, Benjamin (14 December 2019). "German commissioner says Merkel's envoy boosting antisemitism at UN". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  46. ^ Moody, Oliver (17 December 2019). "Christoph Heusgen: German envoy named on list of antisemites". The Times. Retrieved 17 December 2019. He had "equated 130 rockets fired by terrorist Hamas at Israeli civilians in one week in March with the Jewish state's demolition of terrorists' homes".
  47. ^ "Merkel defends German UN voting record on Israel after rap from Jewish group". The Times of Israel / AP. 18 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  48. ^ Leithäuser, Johannes (16 December 2019). "Berlin bezeichnet Vorwürfe gegen Heusgen als "großen Fehler"". Faz.net (in German). Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  49. ^ a b Weinthal, Benjamin (18 December 2019). "Wiesenthal rejects effort to remove German UN envoy from antisemitic list". The Jerusalem Post. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
  50. ^ "Israels Botschafter nimmt Heusgen in Schutz". Jüdische Allgemeine (in German). 15 December 2019. Retrieved 23 December 2020.
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