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{{Islamophobia}}
{{Islamophobia}}


'''Document.no''' is a Norwegian [[far-right]]<ref name="vancouver"/><ref>http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/22juli/De-hoyreekstremes-nye-ansikt-6812016.html#.T5TX2BxwGLg</ref> [[nationalist]]<ref>http://www.hopenothate.org.uk/news/article/2208/far-right-anti-muslim-network-on-rise-globall</ref> website, which describes itself as a "blog on politics, public debate, media criticism and culture." The website holds positions that are critical towards [[Islam]]<ref name="derstandard">{{cite news |title=Terror in Norwegen - Das Netzwerk der Hass-Blogger |author=|url=http://derstandard.at/1310512158177/Verschwoerungsfalle-Terror-in-Norwegen---Das-Netzwerk-der--Hass-Blogger |newspaper=[[Der Standard]] |date=2011-07-26 |accessdate=2011-07-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slate.fr/story/41567/direct-oslo-attentat-bombe-tirs |title=Norvège: Anders Behring Breivik aurait copié-collé des textes de Kaczynski, dit Unabomber |publisher=Slate.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref> and immigration,<ref>http://www.information.dk/274168</ref> and supportive of [[Israel]].<ref name="aftenposten-document"/> The [[National Library of Norway]] classifies document.no under "current periodicals," and as focusing on culture, politics and political science.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nb.no/nati/index.php?side=sok&func=sok&type=ompub&pub_nr=3139|title=Document.no : politisk analyse, kulturdebatt, mediekritikk|publisher=[[National Library of Norway]]|language=Norwegian|accessdate=4 July 2010}}</ref> The website was founded on 14 January 2003, and is owned and published by the limited company with the same name. The website's founder and editor is Hans Rustad (born 1950), a native of [[Eidsvoll]].<ref>http://www.aftenposten.no/kul_und/article4184153.ece</ref> By 2011, the website reached an audience of up to 40,000 unique visitors every week.<ref>{{citenews|url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article4181274.ece|work=[[Aftenposten]]|title=- Han ville organisere det nasjonalkonservative Norge |first=Kjersti|last=Nipen|date=23 July 2011|accessdate=26 July 2011|language=Norwegian}}</ref>
'''Document.no''' is a norwegian controversial, right-wing website, which describes itself as a "blog on politics, public debate, media criticism and culture." The website holds positions that are critical towards [[Islam]]<ref name="derstandard">{{cite news |title=Terror in Norwegen - Das Netzwerk der Hass-Blogger |author=|url=http://derstandard.at/1310512158177/Verschwoerungsfalle-Terror-in-Norwegen---Das-Netzwerk-der--Hass-Blogger |newspaper=[[Der Standard]] |date=2011-07-26 |accessdate=2011-07-26}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.slate.fr/story/41567/direct-oslo-attentat-bombe-tirs |title=Norvège: Anders Behring Breivik aurait copié-collé des textes de Kaczynski, dit Unabomber |publisher=Slate.fr |date= |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref> and immigration,<ref>http://www.information.dk/274168</ref> and supportive of [[Israel]].<ref name="aftenposten-document"/> The [[National Library of Norway]] classifies document.no under "current periodicals," and as focusing on culture, politics and political science.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.nb.no/nati/index.php?side=sok&func=sok&type=ompub&pub_nr=3139|title=Document.no : politisk analyse, kulturdebatt, mediekritikk|publisher=[[National Library of Norway]]|language=Norwegian|accessdate=4 July 2010}}</ref> The website was founded on 14 January 2003, and is owned and published by the limited company with the same name. The website's founder and editor is Hans Rustad (born 1950), a native of [[Eidsvoll]].<ref>http://www.aftenposten.no/kul_und/article4184153.ece</ref> By 2011, the website reached an audience of up to 40,000 unique visitors every week.<ref>{{citenews|url=http://www.aftenposten.no/nyheter/iriks/article4181274.ece|work=[[Aftenposten]]|title=- Han ville organisere det nasjonalkonservative Norge |first=Kjersti|last=Nipen|date=23 July 2011|accessdate=26 July 2011|language=Norwegian}}</ref>


The blog received global media attention in July 2011 as a result of its links to admitted<ref name="skynews">{{cite web|url=http://www.skynews.com.au/topstories/article.aspx?id=641833&vId= |title=Norway suspect admits responsibility |publisher=Sky News |date= |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref> terrorist [[Anders Behring Breivik]].<ref name="dn-terrorist"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bt.no/nyheter/innenriks/Etterforsker-om-samme-mann-kan-st-bak-2541597.html |title=Skal tilhøre høyreekstremt miljø |publisher=bt.no |date= |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref><ref name="bbc-terrorist">{{cite web|last=Goril |first=Liss |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14260743 |title=BBC News - Viewpoint: Attacks strike at Norway's values |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2001-09-11 |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2011/07/norway-massacre-and-nexus-of.html |title=The Norway Massacre and the nexus of Islamophobia and Right-wing Zionism |publisher=Sri Lanka Guardian |date=2011-05-10 |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref><ref name="spiegel">{{cite news |title= Blogging Hate: Anders Breivik's Roots in Right-Wing Populism |author=Frank Patalong |url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/0,1518,776413,00.html |newspaper=[[Der Spiegel]] |date=2011-07-25 |accessdate=2011-07-25}}</ref><ref name="washingtonpost">{{cite news |title=Suspect in Norway attacks admits involvement, denies responsibility |author=Will Englund |author2= Michael Birnbaum |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/norway-attacks-police-say-suspect-used-car-bomb-two-guns-killing-at-least-92/2011/07/23/gIQAVYeOVI_story_2.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=2011-07-23 |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref> According to the ''[[Financial Times]]'', document.no is "a website rife with [[Islamophobia|anti-Muslim]] and [[hard right]] rhetoric."<ref name="financialtimes">{{cite news |title=Killings sure to stir immigration debate‎ |author=Andrew Ward |author2= Robin Wigglesworth |url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/902834ea-b54f-11e0-81cd-00144feabdc0.html |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |date=2011-07-25 |accessdate=2011-07-25}}</ref> ''[[The Vancouver Sun]]'' describes it as "a far-right web forum" that is "dominated by Islamophobic and anti-immigration commentary".<ref name="vancouver">{{cite news |title=Expert says he confronted mass murderer Anders Behring Breivik about his views |author=Peter O'Neil |url=http://www.vancouversun.com/life/Expert+says+confronted+mass+murderer+Anders+Behring+Breivik+about+views/5167253/story.html |newspaper=[[The Vancouver Sun]] |date=2011-07-27 |accessdate=2011-07-27}}</ref>
The blog received global media attention in July 2011 as a result of its links to admitted<ref name="skynews">{{cite web|url=http://www.skynews.com.au/topstories/article.aspx?id=641833&vId= |title=Norway suspect admits responsibility |publisher=Sky News |date= |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref> terrorist [[Anders Behring Breivik]].<ref name="dn-terrorist"/><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.bt.no/nyheter/innenriks/Etterforsker-om-samme-mann-kan-st-bak-2541597.html |title=Skal tilhøre høyreekstremt miljø |publisher=bt.no |date= |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref><ref name="bbc-terrorist">{{cite web|last=Goril |first=Liss |url=http://www.bbc.co.uk/news/world-europe-14260743 |title=BBC News - Viewpoint: Attacks strike at Norway's values |publisher=Bbc.co.uk |date=2001-09-11 |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref><ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.srilankaguardian.org/2011/07/norway-massacre-and-nexus-of.html |title=The Norway Massacre and the nexus of Islamophobia and Right-wing Zionism |publisher=Sri Lanka Guardian |date=2011-05-10 |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref><ref name="spiegel">{{cite news |title= Blogging Hate: Anders Breivik's Roots in Right-Wing Populism |author=Frank Patalong |url=http://www.spiegel.de/international/europe/0,1518,776413,00.html |newspaper=[[Der Spiegel]] |date=2011-07-25 |accessdate=2011-07-25}}</ref><ref name="washingtonpost">{{cite news |title=Suspect in Norway attacks admits involvement, denies responsibility |author=Will Englund |author2= Michael Birnbaum |url=http://www.washingtonpost.com/world/europe/norway-attacks-police-say-suspect-used-car-bomb-two-guns-killing-at-least-92/2011/07/23/gIQAVYeOVI_story_2.html |newspaper=[[The Washington Post]] |date=2011-07-23 |accessdate=2011-07-24}}</ref> According to the ''[[Financial Times]]'', document.no is "a website rife with [[Islamophobia|anti-Muslim]] and [[hard right]] rhetoric."<ref name="financialtimes">{{cite news |title=Killings sure to stir immigration debate‎ |author=Andrew Ward |author2= Robin Wigglesworth |url=http://www.ft.com/intl/cms/s/0/902834ea-b54f-11e0-81cd-00144feabdc0.html |newspaper=[[Financial Times]] |date=2011-07-25 |accessdate=2011-07-25}}</ref> ''[[The Vancouver Sun]]'' describes it as "a far-right web forum" that is "dominated by Islamophobic and anti-immigration commentary".<ref name="vancouver">{{cite news |title=Expert says he confronted mass murderer Anders Behring Breivik about his views |author=Peter O'Neil |url=http://www.vancouversun.com/life/Expert+says+confronted+mass+murderer+Anders+Behring+Breivik+about+views/5167253/story.html |newspaper=[[The Vancouver Sun]] |date=2011-07-27 |accessdate=2011-07-27}}</ref>

Revision as of 20:02, 7 May 2012

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Document.no is a norwegian controversial, right-wing website, which describes itself as a "blog on politics, public debate, media criticism and culture." The website holds positions that are critical towards Islam[1][2] and immigration,[3] and supportive of Israel.[4] The National Library of Norway classifies document.no under "current periodicals," and as focusing on culture, politics and political science.[5] The website was founded on 14 January 2003, and is owned and published by the limited company with the same name. The website's founder and editor is Hans Rustad (born 1950), a native of Eidsvoll.[6] By 2011, the website reached an audience of up to 40,000 unique visitors every week.[7]

The blog received global media attention in July 2011 as a result of its links to admitted[8] terrorist Anders Behring Breivik.[9][10][11][12][13][14] According to the Financial Times, document.no is "a website rife with anti-Muslim and hard right rhetoric."[15] The Vancouver Sun describes it as "a far-right web forum" that is "dominated by Islamophobic and anti-immigration commentary".[16]

Reception

Aftenposten described it in 2009 as "an Islam-critical and Israel-friendly, so-called blue-blog".[4] The Norwegian conservative Muslim commentator Mohammad Usman Rana has called document.no "a right-wing populist and Muslimphobic interest group".[17] Helge Øgrim, editor of Journalisten, the journal of the Norwegian Union of Journalists, in July 2011 described document.no as an "anti-immigrant forum which has evolved into a hotbed of galloping Islamophobia."[18] The same month, the Financial Times described document.no as "a website rife with anti-Muslim and hard right rhetoric,"[15] and Lars Gule described it in the The Vancouver Sun as "a far-right web forum" that is "dominated by Islamophobic and anti-immigration commentary".[16] The New York Times described document.no as "a popular conservative Website."[19]

Yvonne Rundberg Savosnick, the former chairman of the Norwegian Union of Jewish Students, recommended the site in a 2009 interview with the student newspaper at the University of Oslo, Universitas, because of its "critical view of the Norwegian press," although she "rarely agreed with everything."[20]

In 2011, Hans Rustad complained to the Professional Committee of the Press over an article in the newspaper Eidsvoll Ullensaker Blad, which described Rustad as a chief exponent of the "brown goo", stating that "it does not matter what the spill call themselves, this is very similar to Nazism" and concluding that "we do not want Behring Breivik, Rustad and other nutjobs to set the agenda". The committee criticized the article, emphasizing that it mostly discouraged the use of the term "Nazi" when referring to individuals.[21]

Impact

In 2009 the website was cited by Dagbladet as the main player, when for the first time in Norwegian history, "bloggers" was credited for successfully setting the national political agenda. Rustad had on a daily basis criticized a governmental proposed extension of § 185 with regards to "hate speech so that the provision protects the need for a criminal law protection against qualified attack on religions and belief." The proposed bill was met with nearly no exposure in the mainstream media, until close to a month later, although it had been criticizised as an attack on democracy in Danish newspapers. Eventually the bill became criticized as attacking freedom of speech, and an online petition against it was supported by numerous notable figures in Norway. In the end, the government pulled the proposal back.[22]

Anders Behring Breivik

Anders Behring Breivik, the admitted[8] perpetrator of the 2011 Norway attacks, reportedly posted numerous posts on Document.no and praised the blog owner.[9] According to the BBC, "Anders Behring Breivik left racist, extremist right-wing comments along with fellow anti-Muslims" on the site.[11] He also attended meetings of "Documents venner" (Friends of Document), affiliated with the website.[23] Breivik sought to start a Norwegian version of the Tea Party movement in cooperation with the owners of document.no, who initially expressed interest but ultimately turned down his proposal because he did not have the contacts he promised.[9] When Breivik was named as the arrested, the website became unreachable due to an extreme increase in traffic.[24] The blog owner distanced himself from the terrorist attack.[9]

References

  1. ^ "Terror in Norwegen - Das Netzwerk der Hass-Blogger". Der Standard. 26 July 2011. Retrieved 26 July 2011.
  2. ^ "Norvège: Anders Behring Breivik aurait copié-collé des textes de Kaczynski, dit Unabomber". Slate.fr. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  3. ^ http://www.information.dk/274168
  4. ^ a b Henmo, Ola (20 February 2009). "Dynamittgubben". Aftenposten, A-magasinet (in Template:No icon). p. 20. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)CS1 maint: unrecognized language (link)
  5. ^ "Document.no : politisk analyse, kulturdebatt, mediekritikk" (in Norwegian). National Library of Norway. Retrieved 4 July 2010.
  6. ^ http://www.aftenposten.no/kul_und/article4184153.ece
  7. ^ Nipen, Kjersti (23 July 2011). "- Han ville organisere det nasjonalkonservative Norge". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). Retrieved 26 July 2011.
  8. ^ a b "Norway suspect admits responsibility". Sky News. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  9. ^ a b c d NTB. "Tungt å bli rost av den terrorsiktede". DN.no. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  10. ^ "Skal tilhøre høyreekstremt miljø". bt.no. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  11. ^ a b Goril, Liss (11 September 2001). "BBC News - Viewpoint: Attacks strike at Norway's values". Bbc.co.uk. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  12. ^ "The Norway Massacre and the nexus of Islamophobia and Right-wing Zionism". Sri Lanka Guardian. 10 May 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  13. ^ Frank Patalong (25 July 2011). "Blogging Hate: Anders Breivik's Roots in Right-Wing Populism". Der Spiegel. Retrieved 25 July 2011.
  14. ^ Will Englund; Michael Birnbaum (23 July 2011). "Suspect in Norway attacks admits involvement, denies responsibility". The Washington Post. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  15. ^ a b Andrew Ward; Robin Wigglesworth (25 July 2011). "Killings sure to stir immigration debate‎". Financial Times. Retrieved 25 July 2011. Cite error: The named reference "financialtimes" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  16. ^ a b Peter O'Neil (27 July 2011). "Expert says he confronted mass murderer Anders Behring Breivik about his views". The Vancouver Sun. Retrieved 27 July 2011.
  17. ^ Brandvold, Åse (13 March 2009). "– Bare Frp som vinner". Klassekampen (in Norwegian). Retrieved 31 October 2010.
  18. ^ "Retter krass kritikk mot nettsted". Aftenposten (in Norwegian). 24 July 2011. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  19. ^ "Oslo Suspect Cultivated Parallel Life to Disguise 'Martyrdom Operation'". The New York Times. 24 July 2011. Retrieved 7 September 2011.
  20. ^ "Pensum". Universitas (in Norwegian). 21 January 2009. Retrieved 23 July 2011.
  21. ^ http://www.pfu.no/case.php?id=2535
  22. ^ Thorenfeldt, Gunnar (4 February 2009). "Bloggere senket regjeringens blasfemi-forslag". Dagbladet (in Norwegian). Retrieved 31 October 2010.
  23. ^ "Som en liten gutt". bt.no. Retrieved 24 July 2011.
  24. ^ "Document.no nede for telling". fvn.no. Retrieved 24 July 2011.

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