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Sakuramachi's reign spanned the years from 1735 through 1747.[3]
Genealogy
Before Nakamikado's ascension to the Chrysanthemum Throne, his personal name (imina) was Akihito (昭仁);[4] and his pre-accession title was Waka-no-miya (若宮).
He was said to be the reincarnation of Prince Shōtoku. With the support of Tokugawa Yoshimune, he worked for the restoration of Imperial rites, bringing back the Daijōsai (大嘗祭, the first ceremonial rice-offering by a newly enthroned emperor) and the Shinjōsai (新嘗祭, a ceremonial rice-offering by the emperor) among others, and concentrated on restoring other courtesies.
17 July. 1728: Akihito-shinnō was named Crown Prince.[5]
13 April 1735: Prince Akihito became emperor upon the abdication of his father.[6]
1736 (Genbun 1): The shogunate published an edict declaring that henceforth, the sole, authorized coinage in the empire would be those copper coins which were marked n the obverse with the character 文, pronounced bun in Japanese, the same character the era name Genbun.[7]
1737 (Genbun 2, 11th month): A comet is noticed in the western part of the sky.[7]
1738 (Genbun 3): Esoteric Shinto rituals Daijō-ye (大嘗會,, ダイジヤウヱ,, Daijō-sai) were performed by the emperor.[7]
1739 (Genbun 4): Some foundry workers in Edo are commanded to create iron coins for use across the empire.[7]
1739 (Genbun 4): Hosokawa Etchū-no-kami of Higo was killed in Edo castle by Itakura Katsukane, who was ordered to commit seppuku as just punishment; however, Shogun Yoshimune personally intervened to mitigate the adverse consequences for the killer's fudai family.[8]
8 August 1740 (Genbun 5, 16th day of the 7th month): Great floods in Heian-kyō. Sanjo Bridge was washed away.[9]
11 January 1741 (Genbun 5, 24th day of the 11th month): The esoteric Niiname-matsuri ceremonies were performed. This specific ceremony had otherwise been held in abeyance for the previous 280 years.[9]
12 January 1741 (Genbun 5, 25th day of the 11th month): The esoteric Toyonoakari-no-sechiye ceremonies were performed.[9]
Kugyō (公卿) is a collective term for the very few most powerful men attached to the court of the Emperor of Japan in pre-Meiji eras. Even during those years in which the court's actual influence outside the palace walls was minimal, the hierarchic organization persisted.
In general, this elite group included only three to four men at a time. These were hereditary courtiers whose experience and background would have brought them to the pinnacle of a life's career. During Sakuramachi's reign, this apex of the Daijō-kan included:
