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Ethel Barrymore

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Ethel Barrymore
Ethel Barrymore, 1896
Born
Ethel Mae Blythe

(1879-08-15)August 15, 1879
Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, U.S.
DiedJune 18, 1959(1959-06-18) (aged 79)
Los Angeles, California, U.S.
OccupationActress
Years active1895–1957
Spouse
Russel Griswold Colt
​
​
(m. 1909; div. 1923)​
Parent(s)Maurice Barrymore
Georgiana Drew
RelativesLionel Barrymore (brother)
John Barrymore (brother)
See Barrymore family

Ethel Barrymore (born Ethel Mae Blythe; August 15, 1879 – June 18, 1959) was an American actress and a member of the Barrymore family of actors.[1][2] Regarded as the "First Lady of the American Theater", Barrymore was a preeminent stage actress in her era and her career spanned six decades.

Early life

Ethel Barrymore was born Ethel Mae Blythe in Philadelphia, the second child of the actors Maurice Barrymore (whose real name was Herbert Blythe) and Georgiana Drew.[3] She was named for her father’s favorite character—Ethel in William Makepeace Thackeray’s The Newcomes.

She was the sister of actors John Barrymore and Lionel Barrymore, the aunt of actor John Drew Barrymore, and the grand-aunt of actress Drew Barrymore. She was also a granddaughter of actress and theater-manager Louisa Lane Drew, and niece of Broadway matinée idol John Drew Jr and early Vitagraph Studios movie star Sidney Drew.

She spent her childhood in Philadelphia, and attended Roman Catholic schools there.

Barrymore in 1901 in one of the costumes from Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines

In 1884 she, her parents and brothers sailed to England and stayed two years. Maurice had inherited a substantial amount of money from an aunt and decided to exhibit a play and star in some plays at London's Haymarket Theatre.[4] Ethel recalled being frightened on first meeting Oscar Wilde when handing him some cakes. Returning to the U.S. in 1886 her father took her to her first baseball game. She established a life long love of baseball and wanted to be a concert pianist.[5] The two years in England were the happiest of her childhood years no doubt due to the fact that the Barrymores were more of a nuclear family in London than at any other time when in the United States.

Career

In the summer of 1893 Barrymore was in the company of her mother, Georgie, who had been ailing from tuberculosis and took a sabbatical for a cure to southern California at Santa Barbara not far from where family friend Helena Modjeska had a retreat. Georgie did not recover and died in July 1893 a week before her 37th birthday. Essentially Ethel and Lionel's childhood ended when Georgie died and they were forced to go to work still in their teens. John, a few years younger, stayed with their grandmother and other relatives. Barrymore's first appearance on Broadway was in 1895, in a play called The Imprudent Young Couple which starred her uncle John Drew, Jr., and Maude Adams. She appeared with Drew and Adams again in 1896 in Rosemary.[6]

In 1897 Ethel went with William Gillette to London to play Miss Kittridge in Gillette's Secret Service. She was about to return to the States with Gillette's troupe when Henry Irving and Ellen Terry offered her the role of Annette in The Bells. A full London tour was on and, before it was over, Ethel created, on New Years Day 1898, Euphrosine in Peter the Great at the Lyceum, the play having been written by Irving's son, Laurence. Men everywhere were smitten with Ethel, most notably young Winston Churchill, who asked her to marry him. Not wishing to be a politician's wife, she refused. Winston, several years later, married Clementine Hozier, a ravishing beauty who looked very much like Ethel, but Winston and Ethel remained friends until the end of her life. Their “romance” was their own little secret until his son let the cat out of the bag 63 years after it happened.[7]

After her big season in London, Ethel returned to America. Charles Frohman cast her first in Catherine and then as Stella de Grex in His Excellency the Governor. After that, Frohman finally gave Ethel the role that would make her a star: Madame Trentoni in Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines,[8] which opened at the Garrick Theatre on February 4, 1901. Unbeknownst to Ethel, her father Maurice had witnessed the performance as an audience member and walked up to his daughter, congratulated her and gave her a big hug. It was the first and only time he saw her on stage. When the tour concluded in Boston in June, she had out-drawn two of the most prominent actresses of her day, Mrs. Patrick Campbell and Minnie Maddern Fiske.

Barrymore playing the male character Carrots in a play of the same name, 1902

Following her triumph in Captain Jinks, Ethel gave sterling performances in many top-rate productions, and it was in Thomas Raceward's Sunday that she uttered what would be her most famous line, "That's all there is, there isn't any more."[9]

Ethel portrayed Nora in A Doll's House by Ibsen (1905), and Juliet in Romeo and Juliet by Shakespeare (1922).

She was also a strong supporter of the Actors' Equity Association and had a high-profile role in the 1919 strike. In 1926, she scored one of her greatest successes as the sophisticated spouse of a philandering husband in W. Somerset Maugham's comedy, The Constant Wife. She starred in Rasputin and the Empress (1932), with John and Lionel Barrymore, playing the Czarina married to Czar Nicholas. In July 1934, she starred in the play Laura Garnett, by Leslie and Sewell Stokes, at Dobbs Ferry, New York.

After she became a stage star, she would often dismiss adoring audiences who kept demanding curtain calls by saying "That's all there is—there isn't any more!" This became a popular catch phrase in the 1920s and 1930s. Many references to it can be found in the media of the period, including the Laurel and Hardy 1933 film Sons of the Desert, and Arthur Train's 1930 Wall Street Crash novel Paper Profits. Actor Kevin Spacey delivers the line in the film Beyond the Sea, in the song The Curtain Falls, when portraying the singer, Bobby Darin, concluding his stage act.

Barrymore was a baseball and boxing fan. Her admiration for boxing ended when she witnessed as a spectator the brutality of the July 4, 1919, Dempsey/Willard fight in which Dempsey broke Willard's jaw and knocked out several of his teeth. Ethel vowed never to attend another boxing match though she would later watch boxing on television.

In 1928, the Shuberts opened the Ethel Barrymore Theatre, which operates under that name to the present day.

Film and broadcasting career

Early portrait circa 1908
See also: Ethel Barrymore on stage, screen and radio

Film

Barrymore appeared in her first motion picture, The Nightingale, in 1914. Members of her family were already in pictures; uncle Sidney Drew, his wife Gladys Rankin and Lionel had entered films in 1911 and John made his first feature in 1913 after having debuted in Lubin short films in 1912. She made 15 silent pictures between 1914 and 1919, most of them for the Metro Pictures studio. Most of these pictures were made on the East Coast, as her Broadway career and children came first. A few of her silent films have survived for example one reel from The Awakening of Helena Richie (1916) which survives at the Library of Congress and The Call of Her People (1917) held at George Eastman House.[10][11]

In the 1940s, she moved to Hollywood. As children she and her brothers put on amateur or home made plays together often with Lionel the hero and John the villain, Ethel of course being the heroine. The only two films that featured all three siblings—Ethel, John and Lionel—were National Red Cross Pageant (1917) and Rasputin and the Empress (1932). The former film is now considered a lost film.

Barrymore won the Oscar for Best Supporting Actress for her role in the film None but the Lonely Heart (1944) opposite Cary Grant, but made plain that she was not overly impressed by it. On March 22, 2007, her Oscar was offered for sale on eBay.

She appeared in The Spiral Staircase (1946) directed by Robert Siodmak, The Paradine Case (1947) directed by Alfred Hitchcock, and Portrait of Jennie (1948), among others. Her last film appearance was in Johnny Trouble (1957).

Radio

Barrymore starred in Miss Hattie, described as "a short-lived situation comedy," on ABC in 1944-1945.[12] In one episode, Barrymore's character was "asked by Rob Thompson to direct a play which the workers of his war plant are presenting in order to raise money for war bonds."[13]

Television

Barrymore also made a number of television appearances in the 1950s, including one memorable encounter with comedian Jimmy Durante on NBC's All Star Revue on December 1, 1951, which is preserved on a kinescope. In 1956, she hosted 14 episodes of a TV series Ethel Barrymore Theatre, produced by the DuMont Television Network and presented on the DuMont flagship station WABD just as the network was folding. Unfortunately none of the episodes were preserved on kinescope. A 1952 appearance on What's My Line? survives, however, in addition to several radio broadcasts.

Barrymore appeared in the Academy Award nominated film Pinky (1949), for which she was awarded an Academy Award nomination for Best Supporting Actress.

In the romantic time-travel film, Somewhere in Time (1980), a photo of Barrymore wearing nun's habit from her 1928 play The Kingdom of God can be seen. Christopher Reeve plays a journalist rummaging through old theater albums at a large Michigan hotel. He uncovers the photos of Barrymore in the play and childhood photos of actresses Blanche Ring and Rose Stahl.

Private life

Barrymore in 1901
Ethel Barrymore, husband Russell Griswold Colt and their three children, circa 1914.
Portrait by Carl Van Vechten, 1937

Winston Churchill was among many of Barrymore's new friends in England. Churchill reportedly proposed to her in 1900;[14] however, Barrymore mentions no such thing in her autobiography, Memories. She had, at the age of 19, while on tour in England, been rumored to be engaged to the Duke of Manchester, actor Gerald du Maurier, writer Richard Harding Davis and the aforementioned Churchill.[15] Upon her engagement to Laurence Irving, son of Sir Henry Irving, an old friend of Mrs. John Drew, she cabled her father Maurice who responded with a cable "Congratulations!". When she broke up with Irving she cabled Maurice who wired back "Congratulations!".

Ethel Barrymore married Russell Griswold Colt (1882–1960), grandnephew of American arms maker Samuel Colt (1814–1862), on March 14, 1909. The couple had been introduced, according to Barrymore's autobiography, when Colt had strolled by the table where she was having lunch with her uncle, actor John (Uncle Jack) Drew, in Sherry's Restaurant in New York.[16] A New York Times article of 1911, when Barrymore first took preliminary divorce measures against Colt, states that Colt had been introduced to Barrymore by her brother John Barrymore some years before while Colt was still a student at Yale.[17]

The couple had three children: Samuel Colt (1909–1986) a Hollywood agent; actress/singer Ethel Barrymore Colt (1912–1977), who appeared on Broadway in Stephen Sondheim's Follies; and John Drew Colt (1913–1975) who became an actor.

Barrymore's marriage to Colt was precarious from the start, with Barrymore filing divorce papers as early in the marriage as 1911, much to Colt's surprise, and later recanted by Barrymore as a misunderstanding by the press. At least one source, a servant, alleged that Colt abused her and also that he fathered a child with another woman while married to Barrymore. They divorced in 1923 and she did not seek alimony from Colt for herself, which was her right but she demanded that his entailed wealth provide for their children. [citation needed] A devout Catholic[citation needed], Ethel Barrymore never remarried.

Death

Crypt of Ethel Barrymore at Calvary Cemetery

Ethel Barrymore died of cardiovascular disease in 1959, at her home in Hollywood, California, after having lived for many years with a heart condition. She was less than two months shy of her 80th birthday. She was entombed at Calvary Cemetery. The Ethel Barrymore Theatre in New York City is named for her.[18] Ethel Barrymore is a member of the American Theater Hall of Fame, along with her brothers, John and Lionel.[19]

See also

References

  1. ^ Obituary Variety, June 24, 1959.
  2. ^ Ethel Barrymore - North American Theatre Online
  3. ^ Famous Actors and Actresses On The American Stage Vol.1 A-J by William C. Young c. 1975 (Ethel Barrymore entry pages56-60)
  4. ^ House of Barrymore, The by Margot Peters c.1990] Retrieved April 6, 2016
  5. ^ Memories, Barrymore, Ethel c.1955] Retrieved April 6, 2016
  6. ^ "Ethel Barrymore|", Internet Broadway Database, January 20, 2016
  7. ^ Frohman, Daniel, & Isaac F. Marcosson, “The Life of Charles Frohman,” Cosmopolitan, Volume 61, 1916, p. 370.
  8. ^ Hardcover Captain Jinks of the Horse Marines with a likeness of Ethel Barrymore
  9. ^ Peters, Margot, The House of Barrymore (Simon & Schuster, 1991), pp. 95, 97; Barrymore, Ethel, Memories, An Autobiography (Harper, 1955), p. 148.
  10. ^ Catalog of Holdings, The American Film Institute Collection and the United Artists Collection at The Library of Congress, published by The American Film Institute c. 1978; for The Awakening of Helena Ritchie (1916)
  11. ^ The Call of Her People. silentera.com
  12. ^ Sies, Luther F. (2014). Encyclopedia of American Radio, 1920-1960, 2nd Edition, Volume 1. McFarland & Company, Inc. ISBN 978-0-7864-5149-4. P. 56.
  13. ^ "WHMA". The Anniston Sun. February 11, 1945. p. 6. Retrieved April 16, 2015 – via Newspapers.com. Open access icon
  14. ^ Wenden, D.J. (1993). "Churchill, Radio, and Cinema". In Blake, Robert B.; Louis, William Roger (ed.). Churchill. Oxford: Clarendon Press. p. 236. ISBN 0-19-820626-7.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: editors list (link)
  15. ^ Great Stars of the American Stage by Daniel Blum c.1952 Profile #56
  16. ^ Memories: An Autobiography by Ethel Barrymore. (Harper and Brothers, 1955, page 162.)
  17. ^ "Ethel Barrymore to Sue for Divorce". New York Times. July 8, 1911.
  18. ^ "Ethel Barrymore Is Dead at 79; One of Stage's 'Royal Family'". The New York Times, June 19, 1959.
  19. ^ "Theatre Hall of Fame members". Retrieved February 6, 2014.
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