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FIFA World Cup Trophy

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The World Cup is a gold trophy that is awarded to the winners of the FIFA World Cup. Since the advent of the World Cup in 1930, two trophies have represented victory: the Jules Rimet Trophy from 1930 to 1970, and the FIFA World Cup Trophy from 1974 to the present day.

The Jules Rimet Trophy, originally named Victory, but later renamed in honour of former FIFA president Jules Rimet, was made of gold plated sterling silver and lapis lazuli and depicted Nike, the Greek goddess of victory. Brazil won the trophy outright in 1970, prompting the commissioning of a replacement. The Jules Rimet Trophy was stolen in 1983 and never recovered. The replacement trophy, the FIFA World Cup Trophy, was first used in 1974. Made of 18 carat gold with a malachite base, it depicts two human figures holding up the Earth. The current holder of the trophy is Italy, winner of the 2006 World Cup.

Jules Rimet Trophy

File:Jules rimet.jpg
Replica of the Jules Rimet Trophy awarded to winners Uruguay in 1930

The Jules Rimet Trophy was the original prize for winning the World Cup. Originally called "Victory", but generally known simply as the World Cup or Coupe du Monde, it was officially renamed in 1946 to honour the FIFA President Jules Rimet who in 1929 passed a vote to initiate the competition. Designed by Abel Lafleur and made of solid gold on a blue base of lapis lazuli, it stood 35 centimetres (14 in) high and weighed 3.8 kilograms (8.4 lb).[1] It comprised an octagonal cup, supported by a winged figure representing Nike, the ancient Greek goddess of victory. The Jules Rimet Trophy was taken to Uruguay for the first FIFA World Cup aboard the Conte Verde, which set sail from Villefranche-sur-Mer, just south of Nice, on 21 June 1930. This was the same ship that carried Jules Rimet and the footballers representing France, Romania and Belgium who were participating in the tournament that year. The first team to be awarded the trophy were Uruguay, the winners of the 1930 World Cup.

During World War II, the trophy was held by 1938 winners Italy. Ottorino Barassi, the Italian vice-president of FIFA and president of FIGC, secretly transported the trophy from a bank in Rome and hid it in a shoe-box under his bed to prevent the Nazis from taking it.[2]

On 20 March 1966, four months before the 1966 FIFA World Cup in England, the trophy was stolen during a public exhibition at Westminster Central Hall. The trophy was found just seven days later wrapped in newspaper at the bottom of a suburban garden hedge in Upper Norwood, South London, by a dog named Pickles.[3]

As a security measure, The Football Association secretly manufactured a replica of the trophy for use in the post-match celebrations. The replica was also used on subsequent occasions until 1970. The replica was sold at an auction in 1997 for £254,500, when it was purchased by FIFA. The high auction price, several times the reserve price of £20,000-£30,000, led to speculation that the auctioned trophy was not a replica, and was in fact genuine.[4] Subsequent to the auction, FIFA arranged for the replica to be displayed at the English National Football Museum in Preston.

The Brazilian team won the tournament for the third time in 1970, allowing them to keep the real trophy in perpetuity, as had been stipulated by Jules Rimet in 1930.[5] However, the cup was stolen again on 19 December 1983, when it was taken from a display at the Brazilian Football Confederation headquarters in Rio de Janeiro. The trophy was kept in a cabinet with a front of bullet-proof glass, but a rear made of wood was pried open with a crowbar.[6] The trophy was never recovered, which suggests it may have been melted down. Four men were eventually tried and convicted in absentia for the crime. The Confederation commissioned a replica of their own, made by Eastman Kodak, using 1.8 kg (3.97 lb) of gold. This replica was presented to the Brazilian president in 1984.[7]

FIFA World Cup Trophy

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The FIFA World Cup (awarded 1974–Present)
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FIFA World Cup Trophy on a German stamp

A replacement trophy was commissioned by FIFA. Fifty-three submissions were received from sculptures in seven countries..[8] Italian artist Silvio Gazzaniga was awarded the commission. The trophy stands 36.5 centimetres (14.4 inches) tall and is made of 5 kg (11 lb) of 18 carat (75%) solid gold with a base (13 centimetres [5.1 inches] in diameter) containing two layers of malachite. Produced by Bertoni, Milano, it weighs 6.175 kg (13.6 lb) in total, depicts two human figures holding up the Earth. Gazzaniga described the trophy thus, "The lines spring out from the base, rising in spirals, stretching out to receive the world. From the remarkable dynamic tensions of the compact body of the sculpture rise the figures of two athletes at the stirring moment of victory."[8] It was first presented at the 1974 FIFA World Cup, to West German captain Franz Beckenbauer.[8]

The trophy has the visible engravement "FIFA World Cup" in outpouring letters at its base. The name of the country whose national team wins each tournament is engraved in the bottom side of the trophy, and therefore is not visible when the trophy is standing upright. The text states the year in figures and the name of winning nation in English,[9] for example "— 2002 Brazil". As of 2006 nine winners have been engraved on the base. It is not known whether FIFA will retire the trophy after all of the name plaques at the base are filled in; this will not occur until after the 2038 World Cup at the earliest. FIFA's regulations now state that the trophy, unlike its predecessor, cannot be won outright: the winners of the tournament receive a replica which is gold plated rather than solid gold.[8]

Shortly before the 2006 FIFA World Cup in Germany, the trophy was briefly returned to Italy for restoration before eventually being awarded to the same country. On 14 July 2006 it was reported that The World Cup Trophy appeared to have been broken after being in Italy's hands for only a few days. Fabio Cannavaro, Italy's captain, was photographed holding a piece of green malachite that had broken off the base, which was subsequently glued back into place.[10]

Winners

Jules Rimet Trophy

FIFA World Cup Trophy

Total

Country Jules Rimet Trophy FIFA World Cup Total
Brazil Brazil 3 2 5
Italy Italy 2 2 4
Germany Germany (as West Germany) 1 2 3
Argentina Argentina 0 2 2
Uruguay Uruguay 2 0 2
England England 1 0 1
France France 0 1 1
Total 9 9 18
Countries won 5 5

References

  1. ^ FIFA. "Jules Rimet Cup". fifaworldcup.com. Retrieved 2006-07-05.
  2. ^ DDI News (2006). "History". ddinews.com. Retrieved 2006-07-05.
  3. ^ REID, ALASTAIR (1966-09-10). "The World Cup". The New Yorker. Retrieved 2007-02-02. {{cite news}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  4. ^ Simon Kuper (2006). "Solid gold mystery awaits the final whistle". Financial Times. Retrieved 2006-07-05.
  5. ^ Mark Buckingham (2006). "1970 World Cup - Mexico". Sky Sports. Retrieved 2006-10-02.
  6. ^ Bellos, Alex (2003). Futebol: The Brazilian Way of Life. London: Bloomsbury. p. 342. ISBN 0-7475-6179-6.
  7. ^ Associated Press (2006). "Trophy as filled with history as Cup". CNN. Retrieved 2006-07-05.
  8. ^ a b c d "Trophy". fifa.com. Retrieved 2009-08-10.
  9. ^ "Facts about FIFA World Cup Trophy". Xinhua. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
  10. ^ 'World Cup suffers at hands of the winners', Daily Telegraph, 14 July 2006.

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