Hafnium carbonitride
| Identifiers | |
|---|---|
3D model (JSmol)
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| Properties | |
| CHf2N | |
| Molar mass | 204.51 g/mol[1] |
| Appearance | black odorless powder |
| Melting point | 4,100 °C (7,410 °F; 4,370 K) |
| insoluble | |
| Structure | |
| Cubic crystal system, cF8 | |
| Fm3m, No. 225 | |
Except where otherwise noted, data are given for materials in their standard state (at 25 °C [77 °F], 100 kPa).
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Hafnium carbonitride (HfCN) is a highly refractory mixed anion ceramic compound composed of hafnium, carbon and nitrogen. Hafnium carbonitride's crystal structure is resistant to temperatures as high as 4,200 °C (7,590 °F). Under standard conditions it is the most heat-resistant material known, as no other known substance has a higher melting point.[2]
In 2015, atomistic simulations predicted that a Hf-C-N material could have a melting point exceeding Ta4Hf1C5 and hafnium carbide by 200 °C.[3] This would later be proven in experimental testing conducted in 2020 by the National University of Science and Technology (NUST) in Moscow.[4] Samples of both hafnium carbide and hafnium carbonitride were tested in the same environment in which hafnium carbonitride was shown to have a melting point exceeding 4,000 °C, higher than that of hafnium carbide (3,958 °C).[5] More precise testing has yet to be conducted to determine the substance's exact melting point.
References
- ^ "Hafnium Carbonitride".
- ^ Science, The National University of; MISIS, Technology. "Scientists develop the most heat-resistant material ever created". phys.org. Retrieved 2 April 2023.
- ^ Hong, Qi-Jun; van de Walle, Axel (2015). "Prediction of the material with highest known melting point from ab initio molecular dynamics calculations". Physical Review B. 92 (2): 020104. Bibcode:2015PhRvB..92b0104H. doi:10.1103/PhysRevB.92.020104. ISSN 1098-0121.
- ^ Buinevich, V.S.; Nepapushev, A.A.; Moskovskikh, D.O.; Trusov, G.V.; Kuskov, K.V.; Vadchenko, S.G.; Rogachev, A.S.; Mukasyan, A.S. (March 2020). "Fabrication of ultra-high-temperature nonstoichiometric hafnium carbonitride via combustion synthesis and spark plasma sintering". Ceramics International. 46 (10): 16068–16073. doi:10.1016/j.ceramint.2020.03.158. S2CID 216437833.
- ^ "Scientists Create World's Most Heat Resistant Material with Potential Use for Spaceplanes". Forbes.