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Interstate 110 and State Route 110 (California)

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"Harbor Freeway" redirects here. For the demolished freeway in Portland, Oregon, see Harbor Drive.
For the first road in California designated I-110, see Interstate 110 (California 1958–65).
Interstate 110 and State Route 110 marker Interstate 110 and State Route 110 marker
Interstate 110 and State Route 110
Route information
Maintained by Caltrans
Length31.819 mi[1] (51.208 km)
HistoryHighway in 1930s, number in 1964 (SR 11), 1978-1981 as an interstate [2]
Component
highways		 I-110 from San Pedro to Los Angeles
SR 110 from Los Angeles to Pasadena
Major junctions
South end SR 47 / Gaffey Street in San Pedro
Major intersections I-405 in Carson
SR 91 in Los Angeles
I-105 in Los Angeles
I-10 in Los Angeles
US 101 in Los Angeles
I-5 in Los Angeles
North endGlenarm Street in Pasadena
Location
CountryUnited States
StateCalifornia
Highway system
← SR 109→ SR 111

Route 110, consisting of State Route 110 (SR 110) and Interstate 110 (I-110), locally referred to as the one ten, is a state highway in the Los Angeles area of the U.S. state of California, built to freeway standards. The entire length of I-110 (which ends at I-10), as well as SR 110 south of the Four Level Interchange with US 101, is the Harbor Freeway,[3] and SR 110 north from US 101 to Pasadena is the historic Arroyo Seco Parkway, the first freeway in the western United States. The entire Route 110 connects San Pedro and the Port of Los Angeles with Downtown Los Angeles and Pasadena. I-110 is one of two 3-digit interstate designations to appear on opposite coasts, with I-280 in California and New Jersey being the other.

Route description

This route is part of the California Freeway and Expressway System.[4]

The Harbor Freeway, signed as Interstate 110, begins at Gaffey Street in San Pedro, where it then travels mostly due north to the Santa Monica Freeway (Interstate 10) at a point south of downtown Los Angeles, where it becomes signed as State Route 110. I-110 is primarily within the city limits of Los Angeles, running right the South Los Angeles region and the Harbor Gateway, a two-mile (3 km) wide north–south corridor that was annexed by the city of Los Angeles specifically to connect San Pedro, Wilmington and the Port of Los Angeles with the rest the city.

In addition, the Harbor Transitway, a grade-separated bus and high-occupancy vehicle corridor in the median of the 110, runs between State Route 91 (Gardena Freeway) and the south side of Downtown Los Angeles.

The Harbor Freeway, along with the Long Beach Freeway (Interstate 710), are the principal means for freight from the port of Los Angeles to rail yards and warehouses further inland. Its interchange with the Santa Monica Freeway is notoriously busy and congested, and the portions bordering Bunker Hill in northwest Downtown Los Angeles are choked with traffic at peak travel times.

Notable landmarks and attractions near the Harbor Freeway include the California State University, Dominguez Hills; Watts Towers; Exposition Park (including the Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum and soon Banc of California Stadium); the University of Southern California; Staples Center; Los Angeles Harbor College; the skyline of Downtown Los Angeles; and the Los Angeles Convention Center.

SR 110 continues north on the Arroyo Seco Parkway to Pasadena.

The Harbor Freeway is noted for its elaborate high-occupancy toll lane feature, with the HOT lanes elevated above the rest of traffic in many areas, constructed in 1994 by C.C. Myers, Inc. as HOV lanes and converted to HOT lanes in 2012. Of particular note is the Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange, which contains the most elaborate network of direct HOV/HOT connectors in Los Angeles County. It includes a 7-story ramp that connects the Century Freeway's HOV lanes to the Harbor Freeway's northbound HOT lanes and offers splendid views of the entire Los Angeles Basin and the San Gabriel Mountains.The interchange with State Route 91 (formally known as the Edmund J. Russ Interchange) is also fairly large.

History

CA 11 used the signs in 1934 – 1978
The Harbor Freeway is often heavily congested at rush hour
Entrance to the Harbor Freeway in downtown
The Harbor Freeway southbound entering "The Slot" after emerging from the "4-level"
Carpool lanes on the upper deck of the Harbor Freeway, south of Adams Boulevard
The Judge Harry Pregerson Interchange with the Harbor Freeway (I-110) and the Century Freeway (I-105)

In the 1924 Major Street Traffic Plan for Los Angeles, a widening of Figueroa Street to San Pedro as a good road to the Port of Los Angeles was proposed.[5] Progress was slow,[6] and in 1933 the state legislature added the entire length to the state highway system as Route 165, an unsigned designation. This route not only extended from San Pedro north to Los Angeles, but continued through the city-built Figueroa Street Tunnels and along the northern extension of Figueroa Street to Eagle Rock, and then followed Linda Vista Avenue (via an overlap on Route 161 (SR 134) over the Colorado Street Bridge) to Route 9 (now I-210) at the Devil's Gate Reservoir.[7][8][9] The entire length of Route 165 became Sign Route 11 in 1934.[10] U.S. Route 6 was also assigned to the portion between SR 1 and Avenue 26 in 1937,[11] and at about the same time US 66 was moved from Eagle Rock Boulevard to Figueroa Street, overlapping SR 11 between Sunset Boulevard (US 101) and Colorado Street (SR 134).[12][13]

The state completed the Arroyo Seco Parkway which had been added to the state highway system in 1935 as Route 205, in early 1941, providing a faster route between SR 11 at Avenue 26 and Pasadena.[14] US 66 was moved to the new route, while SR 11 remained on Figueroa Street and Linda Vista Avenue, the former also becoming a new U.S. Route 66 Alternate.[15] Construction of a freeway to San Pedro was much slower, despite having been in the earliest plans for an integrated system. Initially, the Harbor Parkway was to split at the merge with the Venice Parkway northeast of the University of Southern California, with the East By-Pass and West By-Pass straddling the Los Angeles Central Business District and rejoining at the split between the Arroyo Seco Parkway and Riverside Parkway south of Dodger Stadium.[16][17][18] The West By-Pass was soon incorporated into the Harbor Parkway,[19] and the first short piece, by then renamed the Harbor Freeway, opened on July 30, 1952 from the Four Level Interchange south to 3rd Street.[20] (The Arroyo Seco Parkway was completed to the Four Level Interchange on September 22, 1953, and renamed the Pasadena Freeway on November 16, 1954.[14])

The Harbor Freeway gradually pushed south, opening to Olympic Boulevard on March 23, 1954[21] and Washington Boulevard on May 14, 1954.[22] On March 27, 1956, the highway was extended to 42nd Street,[23] and on April 24, 1957 it reached temporary[24] ramps at 88th Place.[25] Further extensions were made to Century Boulevard on July 31, 1958,[26] 124th Street on September 24, 1958,[27] Alondra Boulevard (which the county widened to carry the load) on May 2, 1960,[28] 190th Street on July 15, 1960,[29] Torrance Boulevard on August 28, 1962,[30] and finally Pacific Coast Highway (SR 1) on September 26, 1962.[31] There it connected with a section that had been open since June 19, 1956, from Pacific Coast Highway south to Channel Street.[32] Along with the Vincent Thomas Bridge to Terminal Island, the final piece in San Pedro opened on July 9, 1970, completing the Harbor Freeway to its present length.[33][34][35]

In December 1978, the Harbor Freeway was approved as an Interstate Highway by the FHWA. In 1981, the SR 11 designation was renumbered as Interstate 110 on the Harbor Freeway, and State Route 110 on the Pasadena Freeway.[36]

Richard Ankrom signage

In 2001, Richard Ankrom, a local artist who got lost trying to get onto Interstate 5 North from northbound I-110 because there was no clear official signage labeling access to I-5 North, solved his frustration by covertly modifying one of the overhead signs on the freeway just before the Four Level Interchange (34°03′21″N 118°15′22″W / 34.055759°N 118.256181°W / 34.055759; -118.256181). Using official government sign specifications, Ankrom fabricated two sign pieces, one being an Interstate 5 marker shield and the other with the word "NORTH", and affixed them to the left side of the sign. He performed his modifications in broad daylight, disguised as a Caltrans worker. In that district, Caltrans has three sign crews, each thinking one of the other two crews did the installation. After nine months, at Ankrom's request, the Los Angeles Downtown News broke the story.

Prior to Ankrom's work, the only signage directing motorists to the 5 North off-ramp came at a quarter-mile before the exit, thus forcing many to merge across multiple lanes in a very short distance. The signs were inspected by Caltrans to ensure they would not fall off onto the road below. Ankrom was never charged, despite statements from officials that his actions were illegal. Ankrom referred to his sign project as "Guerilla Public Service".[37]

Caltrans later added an additional "5 North" sign over the left northbound lane at the entrance to the Figueroa Street Tunnels, as well as new electric signage, which will note when an additional lane is available for those wishing to transition to northbound Interstate 5 (converting the current single lane transition to dual lanes)

In 2009, Caltrans replaced all signage along this segment with newer, more reflective versions. These new signs include Ankrom's original improvements.[38]

Future

Despite the increased traffic in Los Angeles, including trucks shipping products from the Port of Los Angeles in San Pedro to Pasadena, there are currently no plans to upgrade the rest of 110 from I-10 to Pasadena to Interstate standards. Instead, the recent push has been to restore and preserve the Pasadena Freeway as a historic landmark. The state legislature designated the original section, north of the Figueroa Street Viaduct, as a "California Historic Parkway" (part of the State Scenic Highway System reserved for freeways built before 1945) in 1993;[39] the only other highway so designated is the Cabrillo Freeway (SR 163) in San Diego. The American Society of Civil Engineers named it a National Civil Engineering Landmark in 1999,[40] and it became a National Scenic Byway in 2002.[41]

Exit list

Except where prefixed with a letter, postmiles were measured on the road as it was in 1964, based on the alignment that existed at the time, and do not necessarily reflect current mileage. R reflects a realignment in the route since then, M indicates a second realignment, L refers to an overlap due to a correction or change, and T indicates postmiles classified as temporary (for a full list of prefixes, see California postmile § Official postmile definitions).[1] Segments that remain unconstructed or have been relinquished to local control may be omitted. The entire route is in Los Angeles County.

LocationPostmile
[1][42][43]		Exit
[44]		DestinationsNotes
San PedroR0.93Gaffey Street – San PedroSouth end of I-110/Harbor Freeway[45]
R0.931A SR 47 (Vincent Thomas Bridge) – Terminal Island, Long BeachSR 47 exit 1B
R1.231BChannel Street, Pacific AvenueNo southbound entrance
Wilmington2.773AHarry Bridges Blvd
3.263BAnaheim Street
4.064 SR 1 (Pacific Coast Highway)
Carson5.455Sepulveda Boulevard
6.527A223rd StreetNorthbound exit is via exit 7
7.027BCarson StreetSigned as exit 7 northbound
7.748Torrance Boulevard
Carson–Los Angeles line8.78–
9.07		— I-405 (San Diego Freeway) – Santa Monica, Long BeachModule:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecated190th St. not signed northbound; I-405 is former SR 7; I-405 north exit 37, south exit 37A
Los Angeles9.87— SR 91 (Gardena Freeway)Signed as exits 10A (east) and 10B (west) northbound; SR 91 exit 6
​—I-110 Express Lanes – Harbor Gateway Transit CenterSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
11.2411Redondo Beach Boulevard
11.8912Rosecrans Avenue
12.9013El Segundo Boulevard
13.8214A I-105 (Glenn Anderson Freeway) – Norwalk, LAX AirportSigned as exits 14A (east) and 14B (west) northbound; I-105 exit 7B
​—
 I-105 east		Southbound exit and northbound entrance for Express Lanes only
13.9714BImperial Highway
​—
 I-105 west – LAX Airport		Southbound exit and northbound entrance for Express Lanes only
14.9715Century BoulevardNo southbound entrance
15.9816Manchester AvenueFormer SR 42
16.9817Florence Avenue
​I-110 Express Lanes / 39th Street – Coliseum / Adams Boulevard / Figueroa StreetLast access point from main northbound I-110 lanes
17.5118AGage Avenue
17.9818BSlauson Avenue
18.5019A51st StreetSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
19.0019BVernon AvenueSigned as exit 19 northbound
19.5020AMartin Luther King Jr. Boulevard – Los Angeles Memorial Coliseum Exposition Park,
​I-110 Express LanesNorth end of Express Lanes; first access point from main southbound I-110 lanes
20.0020B37th Street / Exposition Boulevard
20.7120CAdams Boulevard
21.4421 I-10 (Santa Monica Freeway) – Santa Monica, San BernardinoModule:Jct warning: "road" parameter is deprecatedNorth end of I-110; south end of SR 110; no northbound exit to Washington Blvd; I-10 exits 13A-B
21.76–
22.12		22APico Boulevard, Olympic Boulevard – Downtown Los AngelesNorthbound exit is part of exit 21
22.3622B9th Street, 8th Street – Downtown Los AngelesSigned as exit 22 northbound
22.8323A6th Street, Wilshire Boulevard
23.0423B4th Street
23.0423C3rd Street
23.7324A





 US 101 to I-5 south (Santa Ana Freeway) / I-10 east (San Bernardino Freeway) / SR 60 east (Pomona Freeway) – Hollywood, Santa Ana, San Bernardino, Pomona		Four Level Interchange; north end of Harbor Freeway; south end of Arroyo Seco Parkway; US 101 north exit 3, south exit 3B
23.9624BSunset BoulevardSouthbound exit and northbound entrance
24.5524CHill Street – Chinatown, Civic CenterNo southbound entrance; signed as exit 24B northbound; left exit southbound
24.7324DStadium Way – Dodger StadiumSigned as exit 24B northbound
25.0425Solano Avenue, Academy Road
​Figueroa Street Tunnels
Northbound only
25.4826A
 I-5 north (Golden State Freeway) – Sacramento		Northbound left exit and southbound entrance; I-5 south exit 137B
25.7826BFigueroa StreetNorthbound left exit and southbound entrance; former SR 159
25.9126AAvenue 26Southbound exit and northbound entrance; former SR 163
26.1226B I-5 (Golden State Freeway) – Santa Ana, SacramentoSouthbound exit and northbound entrance; I-5 north exit 137B, south exit 137A
27.1227Avenue 43
28.0528AAvenue 52
28.3828BVia Marisol
28.7629Avenue 60
29.2830AMarmion Way, Avenue 64Northbound exit and southbound entrance
29.5030York BoulevardSouthbound exit and entrance
30.1030BBridewell StreetNorthbound exit only
South Pasadena30.5931AOrange Grove Avenue
31.1731BFair Oaks Avenue – South PasadenaNo northbound entrance
Pasadena31.91Glenarm StreetAt-grade intersection; north end of SR 110/Arroyo Seco Parkway[45]
31.91Arroyo ParkwayContinuation beyond Glenarm Street
1.000 mi = 1.609 km; 1.000 km = 0.621 mi

See also

Template:Wikipedia books

References

  1. ^ a b c California Department of Transportation. "State Truck Route List". Sacramento: California Department of Transportation. Archived from the original (XLS file) on September 5, 2015. Retrieved June 30, 2015.
  2. ^ "California Highways: Interstate 110". Cahighways.org. Retrieved 2013-01-26.
  3. ^ 2007 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California (PDF). Caltrans. p. 71. Retrieved 2007-03-27.
  4. ^ "CA Codes (shc:250-257)". Leginfo.ca.gov. Retrieved 2013-01-26.
  5. ^ Los Angeles Times, City Moves in Figueroa Plan, September 29, 1926, p. 13
  6. ^ Los Angeles Times, Haste Asked on Figueroa, March 2, 1936, p. A8
  7. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to amend sections 2, 3 and 5 and to add two sections to be numbered 6 and 7 to an act entitled 'An act to provide for the acquisition of rights of way for and the construction, maintenance..." Fiftieth Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 767 p. 2040.: "San Pedro to State Highway Route 9 near La Canada via Figueroa Street."
  8. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to establish a Streets and Highways Code, thereby consolidating and revising the law relating to public ways and all appurtenances thereto, and to repeal certain acts and parts of acts specified herein". Fifty-first Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 29 p. 285.: "Route 165 is from San Pedro to Route 9 near La Canada via Figueroa Street."
  9. ^ California State Assembly. "An act...relating to State highways". Fifty-first Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 274 p. 959, 285.: "Route 165 is from San Pedro to Route 9 near La Canada via Figueroa Street and Linda Vista Avenue."
  10. ^ California Highways and Public Works, State Routes will be Numbered and Marked with Distinctive Bear Signs, August 1934
  11. ^ Richard F. Weingroff, U.S. 6: The Grand Army of the Republic Highway
  12. ^ H.M. Gousha Company, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1935
  13. ^ H.M. Gousha Company, Los Angeles and Vicinity, 1939
  14. ^ a b Historic American Engineering Record (J. Philip Gruen and Portia Lee), Arroyo Seco Parkway (HAER No. CA-265) written historical and descriptive data, August 1999, pp. 34, 57, 65, 67 Archived October 31, 2007, at the Wayback Machine
  15. ^ Correspondence between the Division of Highways and American Association of State Highway Officials, transcribed at California Highways: State Route 66
  16. ^ Automobile Club of Southern California, map from Traffic Survey, Los Angeles Metropolitan Area, 1937, reproduced in Janet L. Abu-Lughod, New York, Chicago, Los Angeles: America's Global Cities, 1999, p. 256
  17. ^ Transportation Engineering Board, map from A Transit Program for the Los Angeles Metropolitan Region, 1939, reproduced in Gerrylynn K. Roberts, Philip Steadman, American Cities and Technology: Wilderness to Wired City, 1999, p. 79
  18. ^ Andrew Hamilton, New York Times, Los Angeles Roads Plan, February 25, 1940, p. 128
  19. ^ Los Angeles County Regional Planning District, Master Plan of Metropolitan Los Angeles Freeways, adopted August 6, 1947
  20. ^ Los Angeles Times, Official Ceremonies Open First Harbor Freeway Link, July 31, 1952, p. A1
  21. ^ Los Angeles Times, New Harbor Freeway Link to Open Today, March 23, 1954
  22. ^ Los Angeles Times, New Harbor Freeway Section to Open Today, May 14, 1954
  23. ^ Los Angeles Times, Brief Ceremonies Open Harbor Freeway Section, March 28, 1956, p. 2
  24. ^ Van Nuys News, Harbor Freeway Section Opened, August 5, 1958
  25. ^ Los Angeles Times, Ribbon Cut for New Four-Mile Extension to Harbor Freeway, April 25, 1957
  26. ^ Los Angeles Times, New Harbor Freeway Link Due Thursday, July 28, 1958, p. 5
  27. ^ Los Angeles Times, Harbor Freeway Sector Opens With Ceremony, September 25, 1958, p. B1
  28. ^ Los Angeles Times, Alondra Blvd. Readied for Freeway Exit Load, May 1, 1960, p. CS1
  29. ^ Los Angeles Times, Two-Mile Harbor Freeway Section Will Open Today, July 15, 1960
  30. ^ Los Angeles Times, Harbor Freeway Link to Be Opened Today, August 28, 1962, p. A1
  31. ^ Los Angeles Times, Final Harbor Freeway Link to Be Opened, September 24, 1962, p. 25
  32. ^ Van Nuys News, Harbor Freeway Two-Mile Sector Will Open Today, June 19, 1956
  33. ^ Lee Bastajian, Los Angeles Times, Vincent Thomas Bridge Link Scheduled to Open in July, May 31, 1970, p. CS1
  34. ^ Long Beach Independent, Dedication Set on Freeway Link to Bridge, July 8, 1970
  35. ^ Valley News (Van Nuys), Harbor Freeway Extension to Be Dedicated Today, July 9, 1970
  36. ^ "California Highways (www.cahighways.org): Routes 105 through 112". www.cahighways.org. Retrieved 2013-01-26.
  37. ^ RICHARD ANKROM’s Freeway Art: Caltrans Buys Into the Prank LA Weekly Dec. 30, 2009. Accessed 6-28-13
  38. ^ "freeway signs". Ankrom.org. Retrieved 2013-01-26.
  39. ^ California State Assembly. "An act to add Sections 280, 281, 282, and 283 to the Streets and Highways Code, relating to highways". 1993–1994 Session of the Legislature. Statutes of California. State of California. Ch. 179.
  40. ^ HAER, p. 4
  41. ^ U.S. Department of Transportation, U.S. Transportation Secretary Mineta Names 36 New National Scenic Byways, All-American Roads, June 13, 2002
  42. ^ California Department of Transportation, Log of Bridges on State Highways, July 2007
  43. ^ California Department of Transportation, All Traffic Volumes on CSHS, 2006
  44. ^ California Department of Transportation, California Numbered Exit Uniform System, I-110 Northbound and I-110 Southbound, accessed January 2008
  45. ^ a b "2014 Named Freeways, Highways, Structures and Other Appurtenances in California" (PDF). California Department of Transportation. Retrieved June 20, 2015.
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