José Sarney
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| Term of office: | March 15, 1985–March 15, 1990 |
|---|---|
| Predecessor: | João Baptista de Oliveira Figueiredo |
| Successor: | Fernando Affonso Collor de Mello |
| Date of birth: | April 24, 1930 |
| Place of birth: | Pinheiro, Maranhão |
| Party: | Brazilian Democratic Movement Party |
José Ribamar Ferreira de Araújo Costa (born April 24, 1930, in Pinheiro, Maranhão) is a Brazilian writer and politician. He served as president of Brazil from March 15, 1985 to March 15, 1990.
Political biography
After the military coup that overthrew President João Goulart in 1964, Sarney was a member of the ARENA, the political party of the military government and was elected as governor of the state of Maranhão in 1966, serving until 1971. In 1979 ARENA changed its name to PDS at which time Sarney became president of the party. In 1984, the military rule was under pressure due to popular protests to reinstall direct elections for president (Diretas Já movement). PDS was divided, but launched Paulo Maluf as its candidate for the presidency in indirect elections. Sarney disagreed with this decision and left PDS and to join the opposition. Due the complex transition to democracy in Brazil, Sarney become the vice-president of Tancredo Neves, in the opposition ticket. Neves won the election of January 15, 1985, but on the eve of take oath he become severely ill. Sarney assumed as acting president until Neves died on April 21, then he formally become the first civilian president in 21 years. He had to face a lot of problems, like the enormous foreign debt, rampant inflation, corruption and to complete the transition to democracy. Sarney launched an economic plan to stabilize the economy, called "Plano Cruzado", successful at first, but the inflation become stronger than ever after a year. A new and democratic constitution was promulgated in 1988, and in the following year it was held the first direct elections since 1960. Sarney left the Presidency at the end of his term. He supported Fernando Henrique Cardoso as presidential candidate in 1994 and 1998, and, surprisingly, Luiz Inácio Lula da Silva, in 2002. Since he left the Presidency, he´s been a senator, being the head of the Senate from 2003 to 2005.
As a writer, his best known novel is Os Marimbondos de Fogo.
Template:Succession box one to oneTemplate:Succession box one to oneSee also: List of Presidents of Brazil, History of Brazil (1964-present)
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