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Jungang line

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For other uses, see Jungang line (disambiguation).
Jungang Line
Overview
Native name중앙선(中央線)
StatusOperational
OwnerKorea Rail Network Authority
LocaleSeoul
Gyeonggi
Gangwon (South Korea)
North Chungcheong
North Gyeongsang
Termini
Stations82
Service
TypeHeavy rail, Passenger/freight rail
Regional rail, Commuter rail, Intercity rail
Operator(s)Korail
History
OpenedStages between 1918–1942
Technical
Line length373.8 km (232.3 mi)
Track gauge1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge
Route map
Template:BS-map

The Jungang Line (literally Central Line) is a railway line connecting Cheongnyangni in Seoul to Gyeongju in South Korea, traversing central South Korea from the northwest to the southeast. It also referred to the rail line of the Seoul Metropolitan Subway from Yongsan Station to Yongmun Station.

History

The Jungang Line was opened along its full length between Cheongnyangni and Gyeongju on April 1, 1942.[1] Jungang means "central" in Korean, and describes the line's route through the mountains in the east-central part of South Korea. When Korea was under Japanese rule, the line was briefly known as Gyeonggyeong Line, referring to line running between Seoul and Gyeongju.

On 1 December 1938 'Donghae Jungbu Line' (Daegu–Haksan) was divided into the three parts: Daegu Line, Gyeongygeong Line and Donghae Jungbu Line, which was later merged into the Donghae Nambu Line.[2] At the same time the Gyeonggyeong line was extended to the Ubo Station. The southern part, Gyeonggyeong Nambu Line, was opened as follows:

Date Section Length
1 December 1938 Yeongcheon–Ubo 40.1 km
1 March 1940 Ubo–Gyeongbuk Andong (Andong) 48.9 km
1 July 1941 Gyeongbuk Andong–Yeongju 38.7 km

On the other hand, the northern part, Gyeonggyeong Bukpu Line, was constructed as follows:

Date Section Length
1 April 1939 East Gyeongseong (Cheongnyangni)–Yangpyeong 52.5 km
1 April 1940 Yangpyeong–Wonju 55.9 km
1 July 1941 Wonju–Jecheon 46.8 km

On 1 April 1942 the two lines was merged into the Gyeonggyeong Line with the opening of the section Jechon–Yeongju (62.3 km).[3] The name of the line was changed back to its present name after the end of World War II.

Following the 1961 coup, the Supreme Council for National Reconstruction started South Korea's first five-year plan, which included a construction program to complete the railway network, to foster economic growth.[4] As part of the program, in the outskirts of Seoul, a 4.9 km (3.0 mi) long avoiding line was built from Mangu to Seongbuk on the Gyeongwon Line, called the Mangu Line, which opened on December 30, 1963.[4]

Upgrade

A part of the line was the first to be electrified with the 25 kV/60 Hz AC catenary system in South Korea: the catenary on the 155.2 km long Cheongnyangri–Jecheon section went into service on June 20, 1973.[5] The 29.0 km long extension to Danseong followed on December 30, 1987, finally the 35.0 km long extension to Yeongju on December 23, 1988.[5]

The entire line is foreseen for electrification and double-tracking.[6]

Cheongnyangri–Wonju

The double-tracking of the 18.0 km long section from the terminus Cheongnyangri to Deokso was finished first on December 16, 2005.[5] The upgrade of the Deokso–Wonju section is more extensive, with significant re-alignments[7] to enable a line speed of 150 km/h.[8][9] Work started in mid-2001 with a planned budget of 1,700 billion won.[9] The first 5.7 km to Paldang was opened on December 27, 2007,[5] the next 15.9 km to Guksu on December 29, 2008,[5] and another 19.7 km to Yongmun on December 23, 2009.[7] Construction is under way on the rest of the line to Wonju, and is to be completed in 2012.[6][7] The total budget of the 90.4 km long upgrade project is 2,036.847 billion won.[7]

On September 1, 2010, the South Korean government announced a strategic plan to reduce travel times from Seoul to 95% of the country to under 2 hours by 2020. As part of the plan, the Cheongnyangri–Wonju section of the Jungang Line is to be further upgraded for 230 km/h.[10]

Wonju–Jecheon

Across Wonju and between Wonju and Bongyang, the double-track line is to run in a new alignment, most of which will be the 25,080 metre long Musil Tunnel.[6][11] Works on the tunnel are slated to commence in June 2011, for a planned start of service on the Wonju-Jecheon section in 2018. The new line will reduce line distance by 5.5 km and cut travel time by 20 minutes.[6] The project budget for the entire 41.1 km Wonju-Jecheon section is 1,140.061 billion won.[12] Plans for the double-tracking of the section from Bongyang, the terminus of the Chungbuk Line, to Jecheon, have been prepared separately.[13]

Under the government's 2010 strategic plan for 2020, the new alignment in the Wonju–Bongyang section would be laid out for 250 km/h, the rest to Jecheon would be upgraded for 230 km/h.[10]

Jecheon–Gyeongju

The Jecheon–Dodam section,[14][15] 17.4 km in length, is in construction with a budget of 320.024 billion won for a targeted opening in 2011, and is primarily intended to improve capacity for freight transports to a cement factory.[16] The upgrading of the rest of the line is in the stage of the preparation of feasibility studies.[6] Under the government's 2010 strategic plan for 2020, this section would be laid out for 250 km/h.[10]

Services

Regular rail service

Before the KTX era, trans-Korean Tongil-ho trains were in operation on the Jungang and Donghae Nambu Lines, providing a 12-hour train journey from Seoul to Busan.

The entire line is served by cross-country Mugunghwa-ho trains, which are most frequent until Jecheon, where many trains continue east on the Taebaek Line. As of October 2010, the travel time from Cheongnyangni in Seoul is a minimum of 1 hour 18 minutes to Wonju, 2 hours 2 minutes to Jecheon, around 3 hours to Yeongju, 5 hours 22 minutes to Yeongcheon, and 6 hours 8 minutes to Gyeongju. Some trains continue to Bujeon Station in Busan, with a total travel time of 8 hours by day and 20 minutes shorter by night.[17]

Under the 2010 strategic plan of the government for 2020, once upgraded for higher speeds, the Jungang Line may see KTX service.[10]

Seoul Metropolitan Subway

Main article: Gyeongui–Jungang Line

Commuter rail service was launched on Jungang line (fully integrated with the Seoul Metropolitan Subway) as the upgrading of the line progressed.[8][9] The service started on December 16, 2005, connecting parts of the Gyeongwon Line (from Yongsan to Hoegi Station) and the Jungang Line (from Hoegi to Deokso) under the interim name Yongsan–Deokso Line.

An extension to Paldang Station on December 27, 2007 brought the official renaming of the service to Jungang Line, although the line actually incorporates parts of both Gyeongwon and Jungang Lines. In December 2008, the service was extended to Guksu Station, and an express train service was launched, operating twice a day during morning commuting hours. The express trains ran westward only, from Yangpyeong to Yongsan. The service was finally extended to Yongmun Station in Yangpyeong County on December 23, 2009.[7]

The western terminus was Yongsan Station ever since the opening of the line. However, with the completion of Gyeongui Line extension to Yongsan on December 27, 2014, both the Jungang and Gyeongui lines were combined into the "Gyeongui-Jungang Line," and trains now run to Munsan Station near the North Korean border.[18]

Stations

This list does not include stations served only by Gyeongui-Jungang Line metro trains.

Jipyeong station is planned to serve Gyeongui-Jungang Line trains along with the limited Mugunghwa-ho service by at least December 2016.

Station number
(Seoul Subway) 		Station Hangeul Hanja Services
K117 Cheongnyangni 서울 首爾 Seoul Metropolitan Subway:
ITX-Saemaeul services
Mugunghwa-ho services
DMZ Train
K126 Deokso 덕소 德沼 Mugunghwa-ho services (limited service)
K135 Yangpyeong 양평 楊平 ITX-Saemaeul services
Mugunghwa-ho services
K137 (terminus) Yongmun 용문 龍門 Mugunghwa-ho services (limited service)
K138 (TBD) Jipyeong 지평 砥平 Mugunghwa-ho services (limited service)

After Jipyeong, major stations on the line include:

See also

References

  1. ^ "경영원칙 > 경영공시 > 영업현황 > 영업거리현황". Korail. Retrieved 2010-12-01.
  2. ^ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 3558, 28 November 1938
  3. ^ 朝鮮総督府官報 (The Public Journal of the Governor-General of Korea), Shōwa No. 4536, 13 March 1942
  4. ^ a b "철마 110년, 영고의 자취 [12] 경제개발과 철도" (in Korean). Silvernet News. 2010-03-20. Retrieved 2010-12-01.
  5. ^ a b c d e "Electricity Almanac 2009" (PDF). Korea Electric Association. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  6. ^ a b c d e 원주~제천 중앙선 복선전철 2011년 6월 착공 (in Korean). Yahoo!. 2010-09-09. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
  7. ^ a b c d e "덕소∼원주 복선전철". Korea Rail Network Authority. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
  8. ^ a b "Korea's railways face a bright future". International Railway Journal. 2008-07-01. Archived from the original on 2008-07-02. Retrieved 2010-10-28.
  9. ^ a b c "South Korea's growing network". Railway Gazette International. 2008-09-08. Retrieved 2010-10-28.
  10. ^ a b c d "Bullet trains coming to a town near you by 2020". JoongAng Daily. 2010-09-02. Retrieved 2010-10-27.
  11. ^ "Feasibility study and basic plan of Jungang Line for dluble track between Wonju and Jecheon". Chunsuk Engineering. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
  12. ^ "원주∼제천 복선전철". Korea Rail Network Authority. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
  13. ^ "Basic and detailed design of roadbed for electrified double track on Jungang Line (Bongyang～Jecheon)". Chunsuk Engineering. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
  14. ^ "Basic design of railway construction for double track on Jungang Line (Jecheon～Dodam)". Chunsuk Engineering. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
  15. ^ "Design/Construction Package of Jungang Double Track Line (Jecheon - Dodam)". Sambo Engineering. Retrieved 2010-10-19.
  16. ^ "제천∼도담 복선전철 (노반,궤도 턴키공사)". Korea Rail Network Authority. Retrieved 2010-10-24.
  17. ^ "Booking". Korail. Retrieved 2010-10-28.
  18. ^ "[수도권II] "경의선 효창정거장 부지 220m 때문에…"" ((Korean Language)). Chosun. 2011-08-25. Retrieved 15 July 2012.

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