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Köpenick

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Köpenick
Quarter of Berlin
Town hall on Dahme river
Town hall on Dahme river
Coat of arms of Köpenick
Coat of arms
Location of Köpenick in Treptow-Köpenick and Berlin
CountryGermany
StateBerlin
CityBerlin
BoroughTreptow-Köpenick
Founded1232
Subdivisions8 zones
Area
 • Total34.9 km2 (13.5 sq mi)
Highest elevation
115 m (377 ft)
Lowest elevation
34 m (112 ft)
Population
 (2014-12-31)
 • Total61,747
 • Density1,800/km2 (4,600/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC+01:00 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+02:00 (CEST)
Postal codes
(nr. 0910) 12459, 12555, 12557, 12559, 12587
Vehicle registrationB
WebsiteOfficial website

Köpenick (Slavonic Kopanica) is a historic town and locality (Ortsteil) that is situated at the confluence of the rivers Dahme and Spree in the south-east of the German capital city of Berlin. It was formerly known as Copanic and then Cöpenick, only officially adopting the current spelling in 1931. It is known for the famous imposter Hauptmann von Köpenick.

Prior to its incorporation into Berlin in 1920, Köpenick was an independent town. It then became a borough of Berlin, with an area of 128 km2 (49 sq mi), making it Berlin's largest borough. In Berlin's 2001 administrative reform, the borough of Köpenick was merged with that of Treptow to create the current borough of Treptow-Köpenick.

Geography

Overview

A large percentage of Köpenick's area is covered with forests and water, most notably the Müggelsee lake. The historic town lies in the centre of the Berlin Urstromtal meltwater valley at the confluence of the rivers Dahme and Spree. Shortly before its conflux with the Spree, the Schlossinsel lies on the Dahme, a small island with Köpenick Castle.

The Spree connects Köpenick with the Müggelsee and the Berlin city centre. The Oder-Spree Canal links the Dahme, at nearby Schmöckwitz, with the Oder river, at Eisenhüttenstadt, thus providing a navigable connection between Köpenick and the Oder.

Köpenick is sometimes called the "green lungs" of Berlin (Grüne Lunge Berlins). The Müggelberge hills in the south-east of Köpenick reach 115 m (377 ft), making them the highest natural point of Berlin.

Subdivision

Köpenick is divided into 8 zones:

Panorama

Köpenick Altstadt with views of the City Hall (center) and lock (right) from the opposite bank of the Dahme in Spindlersfeld

History

Historical affiliations

Duchy of Kopanica 12th century-ca. 1209
March of Lusatia ca. 1209-1245
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1245-1367
 Kingdom of Bohemia 1367-1415
Margraviate of Brandenburg 1415-1618
Brandenburg-Prussia 1618-1701
 Kingdom of Prussia 1701-1871
 German Empire 1871-1918
 Weimar Republic 1918-1933
 Nazi Germany 1933-1945
 Allied-occupied Germany 1945-1949
 German Democratic Republic 1949-1990
 Federal Republic of Germany 1990-present

Statue of "Captain" Wilhelm Voigt

Köpenick had a long history as an independent town. In the 12th century it was the capital of a Slavonic duchy. Its first known mentioning as a stronghold dates back to a 1209 deed issued by Margrave Conrad II of Lusatia, then under the name Copanic (from Old Slavic: Kopanica). The place gained town privileges in 1232. It is therefore considered "older" than Berlin-Cölln, which was first mentioned in a 1237 deed. For the most part of Köpenick's history, the town was known as Cöpenick.

The former Slavic castle from about 800 was conquered by the Ascanian margraves John I and Otto III of Brandenburg in 1245, defeating their rivals Margrave Henry III of Meissen and the Archbishop of Magdeburg territory.

In 1631, during the Thirty Years' War, the emissaries of George William, Elector of Brandenburg met at Köpenick - then some distance outside Berlin - with the approaching army of Gustavus Adolphus, King of Sweden, in a vain effort to stop the ongoing devastation of Brandenburg.

In 1906, a shoemaker called Wilhelm Voigt masqueraded as a Prussian officer and took over the town hall of Köpenick. Carl Zuckmayer perpetuated the incident in his play The Captain of Köpenick, the model for several films and television shows.

Under the terms of the Greater Berlin Act of 1920, Köpenick became a borough of Berlin, with an area of 128 km2 (49 sq mi), making it Berlin's largest borough. Besides the locality of Köpenick, the former borough included the localities of Oberschöneweide, Grünau, Schmöckwitz, Müggelheim, Rahnsdorf and Friedrichshagen. In 1931, the current name was officially adopted.

During WWII, it has been recently revealed that Koepnick served as one of a multitude of Nazi torture sites:

A former prison in the Koepenick neighborhood of Berlin was the site of the worst violence in Berlin in '33. A total of 24 people were killed here, and around Koepenick, over a five-day period in June. It's known as the Week of Blood.

The Koepenick Prison has been turned into a museum, and in 2013, opened a big exhibition to commemorate the 80th anniversary of the Week of Blood, and the Nazi rise to power.[1]

During the Cold War, Köpenick was part of East Berlin. In Berlin's 2001 administrative reform, the borough of Köpenick was merged with that of Treptow to create the current borough of Treptow-Köpenick.

Until 2002 a large radio facility for MW and FM was located near the Uhlenhorst neighbourhood, including a 248 m (814 ft) self-radiating radio mast, which was insulated against earth. The FM services of this facility were moved to the Fernsehturm at Alexanderplatz and the AM transmitters were moved to a new aerial mast at Zehlendorf bei Oranienburg.

Köpenick Palace

Schloss Köpenick
Main article: Köpenick Palace

The palace (Schloss Köpenick) was originally built in 1558 as a hunting lodge by order of Elector Joachim II Hector of Brandenburg. The building in a Renaissance style was located on the river island at the site of the former medieval fort. Joachim II died here in 1571. In 1631 it served as the headquarters of King Gustavus Adolphus of Sweden, where he - without results - asked his brother-in-law Elector George William for assistance in the Thirty Years' War.

Frederick I of Prussia had the lodge rebuilt and enlarged from 1677 and lived here together with his first wife Elizabeth Henrietta of Hesse-Kassel. In 1730 Frederick II of Prussia, then Crown Prince, and his friend Hans Hermann von Katte faced the court-martial for desertion at Schloss Köpenick. Today the castle surrounded by a small park serves as a museum of decorative art, run by the Berlin State Museums.

Transport

Both the rivers Dahme and Spree are navigable. The Spree connects Köpenick with the Havel and hence the waterway systems of western and central Germany. The Dahme links with the Oder-Spree Canal at nearby Schmöckwitz, thus providing a navigable connection to Eisenhüttenstadt, the Oder river and Poland.[2]

Köpenick is served by Köpenick, Wuhlheide and Hirschgarten stations on the S3 line of the Berlin S-Bahn network, and by the Spindlersfeld terminus of S47 line. Köpenick is also a node on the Berlin tram network, with routes 27, 60, 61, 62, 63, 67 and 68 passing through the locality.[3]

Sport

The Stadion An der Alten Försterei is home of the 1. FC Union Berlin football club.

The Mellowpark, the biggest outdoor skatepark in Europe.

The city served as host to the 1936 American 8-man Olympic rowing team as described in Daniel James brown's Boys in the Boat.

References

  1. ^ (http://www.museumsportal-berlin.de/en/museums/gedenkstatte-kopenicker-blutwoche-juni-1933/
  2. ^ Sheffield, Barry (1995). Inland Waterways of Germany. St Ives: Imray Laurie Norie & Wilson. ISBN 0-85288-283-1.
  3. ^ "Liniennetzplan der Straßenbahn". BVG. Retrieved 2010-05-11.
Pronunciation in German
The pronunciation of Köpenick in German
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