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A baseball player smiles for the camera while posing with a bat.
A baseball player in uniform and a jacket with "Dodgers" on it poses with four baseballs with zeroes on them, two in each hand, and smiles as he looks ahead.
Hank Greenberg (left) and Sandy Koufax (right), the only Jewish baseball players to be elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame

Jewish players have played in Major League Baseball since the league came into existence in the late 19th century, and have a long and storied history within the game. There have been 190 players who identified as Jewish during their Major League career, including players who converted during or before their careers, and players who have or had at least one Jewish parent, and identified as Jewish by virtue of their parentage.

In the early years, Jewish baseball players faced constant antisemitic heckles from opponents and fans, with many hiding their heritage to avoid discrimination in the league. Despite this, a number of Jewish players overcame such abuse and went on to become stars. Two such players, Hank Greenberg and Sandy Koufax, were both elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame and are widely considered to be amongst the most important and iconic players in baseball and American history. The sport played a large part in the assimilation of American Jews into American society at a time of rampant antisemitism, and remains a very important part in Jewish American culture today.

The criteria for this list have been taken from the Jewish Baseball Museum, a virtual museum dedicated to the preservation and recording of Jewish history and the involvement of Jews in baseball. The list includes players who identified as Jewish during their careers. Where the player has one parent who is Jewish and also identifies as Jewish or has converted before or during their careers, it is noted as such. Players who converted after their careers had ended or did not identify as Jewish despite having Jewish parentage are not listed.[1]

History of Jews in Major League Baseball

[edit]
Further information: Jews in baseball

Jewish players have played in Major League Baseball since the league came into existence, with Lip Pike being the first. With the surge of Jewish immigrants from Europe to the United States at the turn of the 20th century, baseball, then the most popular sport in the country and referred to as the "National Pastime", became a way for children of Jewish immigrants to assimilate into American life.[2] Sportswriter Jon Wertheim described baseball as being "interwoven with the American Jewish experience".[3] Baseball historian John Thorn described it as an "agent of integration".[4]

For many years, Jewish players who made it to the Major Leagues often changed their names and hid their identities in order to avoid antisemitism, at the time rampant in the country and the league. Industrialist Henry Ford, during the Black Sox Scandal and the alleged involvement of Jewish crime boss Arnold Rothstein in the fixing of the 1919 World Series, famously wrote about the gambling scene that was widespread in the sport at the time: "If fans wish to know the trouble with American baseball they have it in three words—too much Jew."[4]

It was not until Hank Greenberg, the son of Orthodox Romanian-Jewish immigrants, broke into the Majors in 1930 with the Detroit Tigers that Jewish players stopped hiding their identities.[2] Greenberg played in Detroit, which was home to Father Coughlin, a Catholic priest who used his radio program to broadcast antisemitic commentary, and Henry Ford who spread antisemitism through his newspaper The Dearborn Independent. He faced verbal abuse from opposing benches and fans. However, Greenberg never hid his Jewish identity, famously sitting out a game during a tight pennant race in 1934 due to it falling on Yom Kippur. He became the first Jewish player elected to the Baseball Hall of Fame.[5]

After Greenberg, many Jewish players went on to become stars in the Jewish American communities. The most famous of those was Sandy Koufax of the Los Angeles Dodgers, widely considered to be one of the greatest pitchers in baseball history, who later became the second Jewish player elected to the Hall of Fame. Like Greenberg, Koufax never pitched during the High Holy Days, famously sitting out Game 1 of the 1965 World Series because it fell on Yom Kippur.[6] Rabbi Rebecca Alpert stated that Koufax, who faced antisemitism as well, helped break stereotypes of Jewish men who were seen as being weak and bookish. His decision to sit out a World Series game became one of the most iconic moments for American Jews, making him "an important role model, and a real hero."[2]

Since Greenberg and Koufax, Thorn noted that Jewish baseball fans have become known for paying close attention to Jewish baseball players, both upcoming stars and prospects, and that there are sets of Major League Baseball cards dedicated to every Jewish player who has played in the Major Leagues, indicating the continuing importance of the game in the Jewish community.[7]

In 2010, a documentary film called Jews and Baseball: An American Love Story was released which discussed the relationship between baseball and American Jews in detail. While Greenberg and Koufax were the main subjects of the film, the movie also discussed how baseball was used to fight against stereotypes of Jews as non-athletic and bookish. It also talked about Jewish immigration and assimilation into American society as well as Jewish stars and notable players besides the two Hall of Famers, such as Al Rosen, Moe Berg, Kevin Youkilis, and Ryan Braun.[8]

List of players

[edit]

A–F

[edit]
A–F
Name Position Major League team(s) Years active Notes Ref.
Cal Abrams Outfielder
1949–1956 [9][10]
Lloyd Allen Pitcher
1969–1975
  • Converted to Judaism
 [11]
Rubén Amaro Jr. Outfielder
1991–1998
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [12][13]
Morrie Arnovich Outfielder
1936–1941, 1946
[10][14]
Brad Ausmus Catcher
1993–2010
[15][16]
Harrison Bader Centerfielder
2017–present
[17][18]
Jesse Baker Shortstop Washington Senators 1919
  • Born "Michael Myron Silverman"
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [19]
Brian Bark Pitcher Boston Red Sox 1995 [20]
Ross Baumgarten Pitcher
1978–1982 [21]
José Bautista Pitcher
1988–1997
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [12]
Joe Bennett Third baseman Philadelphia Phillies 1923
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [22]
Moe Berg Catcher
1923–1939
[23][24]
Nate Berkenstock Right fielder Philadelphia Athletics 1871
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [25]
Jake Bird Pitcher Colorado Rockies 2022–present
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [17][26]
Bob Berman Catcher Washington Senators 1918 [27]
Jeremy Bleich Pitcher Oakland Athletics 2018 [28]
Richard Bleier Pitcher
2016–2023
[17][26]
Cy Block
    • Second baseman
    • Third baseman
 Chicago Cubs 1942, 1945–1946 [29]
Ron Blomberg
    • Designated hitter
    • First baseman
    • Right fielder
1969, 1971–1976, 1978 [30][31]
Sam Bohne Second baseman
1916, 1921–1926
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
 [32]
Henry Bostick Third baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1915
  • Original surname was "Lipschitz"
 [33]
Ryan Braun Outfielder Milwaukee Brewers 2007–2020
[34]
Alex Bregman Third baseman Houston Astros 2016–present
[35]
Craig Breslow Relief pitcher
2005–2006, 2008–2017
[36][37]
Louis Brower Shortstop Detroit Tigers 1931 [38]
Conrad Cardinal Pitcher Houston Colt .45s 1963 [39]
Frank Charles Catcher Houston Astros 2000
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [40]
Harry Chozen Catcher Cincinnati Reds 1937 [41]
Tony Cogan Relief pitcher Kansas City Royals 2001 [40]
Alta Cohen Outfielder
1931–1933 [42]
Andy Cohen Second baseman New York Giants 1926, 1928–1929 [10][43]
Hy Cohen Pitcher Chicago Cubs 1955 [44]
Syd Cohen Pitcher Washington Senators 1934, 1936–1937 [45]
Dick Conger Pitcher
1940–1943 [46]
Phil Cooney Third baseman New York Highlanders 1905
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [47]
Ed Corey Pitcher Chicago White Sox 1918
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [48]
Bill Cristall Pitcher Cleveland Blues 1901 [49]
Harry Danning Catcher New York Giants 1933–1942
[50][51]
Ike Danning Catcher St. Louis Browns 1928 [50]
Bob Davis Pitcher Kansas City Athletics 1958, 1960 [52]
Ike Davis First baseman
2010–2016
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [53]
Cody Decker
    • First baseman
    • Outfielder
 San Diego Padres 2015 [54]
Scott Effross Pitcher
2021–present [17][55]
Harry Eisenstat Starting pitcher
1935–1942 [56]
Mike Epstein First baseman
1966–1974
[14][57]
Reuben Ewing Outfielder St. Louis Cardinals 1921
  • Original surname was "Cohen"
 [58]
Al Federoff Second baseman Detroit Tigers 1951–1952 [59]
Eddie Feinberg Utility player Philadelphia Phillies 1938–1939 [60]
Harry Feldman Pitcher New York Giants 1941–1946 [61]
Scott Feldman Pitcher
2005–2017 [62]
Leo Fishel Pitcher New York Giants 1899 [63]
Jake Fishman Pitcher Miami Marlins 2022–present
[26][64]
Matt Ford Pitcher Milwaukee Brewers 2003 [65]
Happy Foreman Pitcher
1924, 1926 [66]
Micah Franklin Outfielder St. Louis Cardinals 1997
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [67]
Moe Franklin Shortstop Detroit Tigers 1941–1942 [68]
Nate Freiman First baseman Oakland Athletics 2013–2014 [69][70]
Max Fried Starting pitcher Atlanta Braves 2017–present
[71][72]
Sam Fuld Outfielder
2007, 2009–2015 [73]

G–P

[edit]
G–P
Name Position Major League team(s) Years active Notes Ref.
Milt Galatzer Outfielder
1933–1936, 1939 [74]
Zack Gelof Second baseman Oakland Athletics 2023–present [17][75]
Mark Gilbert Outfielder Chicago White Sox 1985
[76]
Joe Ginsberg Catcher
1948, 1950–1954, 1956–1962 [77]
Keith Glauber Pitcher Cincinnati Reds 1998, 2000 [12]
Brad Goldberg Pitcher Chicago White Sox 2017 [78]
Jonah Goldman
    • Shortstop
    • Third baseman
 Cleveland Indians 1928–1931 [79]
Izzy Goldstein Pitcher Detroit Tigers 1932 [80]
Jake Goodman First baseman
1878, 1882 [81]
Sid Gordon
    • Outfielder
    • Third baseman
1941–1943, 1946–1955
[14][82]
Herb Gorman Pinch hitter St. Louis Cardinals 1952
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [83]
John Grabow Relief pitcher
2003–2011 [84][85]
Shawn Green Right fielder
1993–2007
[86][87]
Adam Greenberg Outfielder
2005, 2012 [88]
Hank Greenberg
    • First baseman
    • Left fielder
1930, 1933–1941, 1945–1947
[87][89]
Dalton Guthrie Utility player Philadelphia Phillies 2022–2023
[17]
Eric Helfand Catcher Oakland Athletics 1993–1995 [90]
Steve Hertz Third baseman Houston Colt .45s 1964 [91]
Jason Hirsh Pitcher
2006–2008 [92]
Ken Holtzman Starting pitcher
1965–1979
[57][93]
Spencer Horwitz First baseman Toronto Blue Jays 2023–present [94]
Brian Horwitz Outfielder San Francisco Giants 2008 [95]
Bill Hurst Pitcher Florida Marlins 1996 [96]
Skip Jutze Catcher
1972–1977
  • Converted to Judaism
 [97]
Ryan Kalish Outfielder
2010, 2012, 2014, 2016
  • Born to a Jewish father; raised Catholic but no longer practicing and identifies as Jewish
 [98]
Rob Kaminsky Pitcher St. Louis Cardinals 2020
[99]
Harry Kane Pitcher
1902–1906
  • Original surname was "Kohn" or "Cohen"
 [100]
Gabe Kapler Outfielder
2000–2005, 2005–2001
[101]
Herb Karpel Pitcher New York Yankees 1946 [102]
Ty Kelly Utility player
2016–2018
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [103][104]
Ian Kinsler Second baseman
2006–2019 [105][106]
Alan Koch Pitcher
1963–1964 [107]
Mike Koplove Pitcher
2001–2007
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [40]
Sandy Koufax Starting pitcher Brooklyn / Los Angeles Dodgers 1955–1966
[87][108]
Brian Kowitz Outfielder Atlanta Braves 1995 [109]
Evan Kravetz Relief pitcher Cincinnati Reds 2024 [17][110]
Dean Kremer Starting pitcher Baltimore Orioles 2020–present [111][112]
Barry Latman Pitcher
1957–1967
[113]
Ryan Lavarnway Catcher
2011–2021
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [114]
Max Lazar Relief pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 2024–present [115][116]
Jim Levey Shortstop St. Louis Browns 1930–1933
[117]
Al Levine Relief pitcher
1996–2005 [40][12]
Jesse Levis Catcher
1992–2001 [12]
Mike Lieberthal Catcher
1994–2007
[118]
Lou Limmer First baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1951, 1954 [77][119]
Andrew Lorraine Pitcher
1994–1995, 1997–2000, 2002 [120]
Elliott Maddox
    • Outfielder
    • Third baseman
1970–1980
  • Converted to Judaism
 [14][121]
Cy Malis Pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 1934
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [122]
Moxie Manuel Pitcher
1905, 1908 [123]
Duke Markell Pitcher St. Louis Browns 1951
  • Born "Henri Duquesne Makowski"
 [124]
Jason Marquis Pitcher
2000–2013, 2015
[125][126]
Ed Mayer Pitcher Chicago Cubs 1957–1958 [127]
Erskine Mayer Pitcher
1912–1919 [14][128]
Sam Mayer Outfielder Washington Senators 1915 [129]
Ed Mensor Outfielder Pittsburgh Pirates 1912–1914 [130]
Matt Mervis First baseman Chicago Cubs 2023–present [17]
Mike Milchin Pitcher
1996 [131]
Norm Miller Right fielder
1965–1974 [132]
Jon Moscot Pitcher Cincinnati Reds 2015–2016 [133]
Sam Nahem Pitcher
1938, 1941–1942, 1948
  • Served in the U.S. Armed Forces during World War II from 1942 to 1945
 [134]
Jeff Newman
    • Catcher
    • First baseman
1976–1984
[135]
Joc Pederson
    • Outfielder
    • Designated hitter
2014–present
[136][137]
Barney Pelty Pitcher
1903–1912 [14][138]
Israel Pike Outfielder Brooklyn Hartfords 1877
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [139]
Lip Pike
    • Outfielder
    • Second baseman
1871–1878, 1881, 1887
[140][141]
Kevin Pillar Outfielder
2013–present
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [142]
Jake Pitler Second baseman Pittsburgh Pirates 1917–1918 [10][143]
Aaron Poreda Relief pitcher
2009, 2014 [144]

R–Z

[edit]
R–Z
Name Position Major League team(s) Years active Notes Ref.
Steve Ratzer Pitcher Montreal Expos 1980–1981 [145]
Jimmie Reese
    • Second baseman
    • Third baseman
1930–1932
  • Born "Hyman Solomon"
 [12][146]
Al Richter Shortstop Boston Red Sox 1951, 1953 [147]
Dave Roberts Pitcher
1969–1981
[14][148]
Saul Rogovin Pitcher
1949–1953, 1955–1957 [77]
Al Rosen Third baseman Cleveland Indians 1947–1956
[149]
Goody Rosen Outfielder
1937–1939, 1944–1946
[14][150]
Harry Rosenberg Outfielder New York Giants 1930 [151]
Kenny Rosenberg Pitcher Los Angeles Angels 2022–present [26][17]
Lou Rosenberg
    • Second basemen
    • Shortstop
 Chicago White Sox 1923 [152]
Steve Rosenberg Pitcher
1988–1991 [153]
Max Rosenfeld Outfielder Brooklyn Robins / Dodgers 1931–1933 [154]
Sy Rosenthal Outfielder Boston Red Sox 1925–1926 [155]
Wayne Rosenthal Pitcher Texas Rangers 1991–1992 [156]
Bubby Rossman Pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 2022 [26][157]
Marv Rotblatt Pitcher Chicago White Sox 1948, 1950–1951 [158]
Mickey Rutner Third baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1947 [159]
Ryan Sadowski Pitcher San Francisco Giants 2009 [160]
Mike Saipe Pitcher Colorado Rockies 1998 [161]
Ike Samuels Third baseman St. Louis Browns 1895 [162]
Josh Satin Second baseman New York Mets 2011–2014 [163]
Moe Savransky Pitcher Cincinnati Redlegs 1954 [164]
Al Schacht Pitcher Washington Senators 1919–1921 [165]
Sid Schacht Pitcher
1950–1951 [166]
Hal Schacker Pitcher Boston Braves 1945 [167]
Heinie Scheer Second baseman Philadelphia Athletics 1922–1923 [168]
Richie Scheinblum Outfielder
1965, 1967–1969, 1971–1974
[118]
Mike Schemer First baseman New York Giants 1945–1946 [169]
Scott Schoeneweis Pitcher
1999–2010
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [12]
Mike Schwimer Pitcher Philadelphia Phillies 2011–2012 [170]
Art Shamsky
    • Outfielder
    • First baseman
1965–1972
[171]
Dick Sharon Outfielder
1973–1975
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [172]
Ryan Sherriff Pitcher
2017–2023 [173]
Larry Sherry Relief pitcher
1958–1969
[14][174]
Norm Sherry Catcher
1959–1963 [174][175]
Harry Shuman Pitcher
1942–1944 [176]
Jared Shuster Pitcher
2023–present [17][177]
Al Silvera Left fielder Cincinnati Redlegs 1955–1956 [178]
Fred Sington Outfielder
1934–1939 [179]
Mose Solomon Outfielder New York Giants 1923 [180]
Bill Starr Catcher Washington Senators 1935–1936 [181]
Jeff Stember Pitcher San Francisco Giants 1980 [182]
Adam Stern Outfielder
2005–2006, 2010
  • Born to a Jewish father
 [150][183]
Robert Stock Pitcher
2018–2021 [184]
Steve Stone Starting pitcher
1971–1981
[14][12]
Garrett Stubbs Catcher
2019–present
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [17][185]
Bud Swartz Pitcher St. Louis Browns 1947 [186]
Don Taussig Outfielder
1958, 1961–1962 [187]
Rowdy Tellez First baseman
2018–2024
[17]
Bob Tufts Pitcher
1981–1983
  • Converted to Judaism
 [118][188]
Eddie Turchin
    • Shortstop
    • Third baseman
 Cleveland Indians 1943 [189]
Danny Valencia Third baseman
2010–2018 [190][191]
Steve Wapnick Pitcher
1990, 1991 [192]
Justin Wayne Pitcher Florida Marlins 2002–2004 [193]
Lefty Weinert Pitcher
1919–1924, 1927–1928, 1931 [194]
Phil Weintraub
    • First baseman
    • Outfielder
1933–1935, 1937–1938, 1944–1945 [158]
Zack Weiss Pitcher
2018, 2022–2023
[17]
Josh Whitesell First baseman Arizona Diamondbacks 2008–2009 [195]
Ed Wineapple Pitcher Washington Senators 1929
  • Played in only one Major League game
 [196]
Larry Yellen Pitcher Houston Colt .45s 1963–1964 [118]
Kevin Youkilis
    • First baseman
    • Third baseman
    • Left fielder
2004–2013
[197]
Josh Zeid Pitcher Houston Astros 2013–2014 [158][198]
Eddie Zosky Shortstop
1991–1992, 1995, 1999, 2000
  • Born to a Jewish mother
 [199]
[edit]

See also

[edit]

References

[edit]
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