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Loretta Lynn

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Loretta Lynn
Loretta Lynn, 2005.
Loretta Lynn, 2005.
Background information
Birth nameLoretta Webb
Also known asThe Coal Miner's Daughter
The First Lady of Country Music
The Decca Doll
The Queen of Country Music
Born (1932-04-14) April 14, 1932 (age 92)
Butcher Hollow, Kentucky, United States
GenresCountry, honky-tonk, gospel
Occupation(s)Singer-songwriter, author, commercial spokesperson and actress
Instrument(s)Vocals, guitar
Years active1960–present
LabelsZero, Decca, MCA, Columbia, Audium, Interscope, Legacy
Websitewww.lorettalynn.com

Loretta Lynn (née Webb; born April 14, 1932)[1] is a multiple gold album American country music singer-songwriter whose work spans almost 60 years. She has received numerous awards and other accolades for her groundbreaking role in country music, including awards from both the Country Music Association and Academy of Country Music as a duet partner and individual artist. She remains the most awarded female country recording artist.

Early years

Lynn is the daughter of coal miner Theodore Melvin "Ted" Webb (October 24, 1906 – February 23, 1959) and Clara Marie "Clary" (née Ramey; May 5, 1912 – November 24, 1981).[2] Loretta is the second of eight children:

  • Melvin Webb (December 4, 1929 – July 1, 1993)
  • Loretta [Webb] Lynn (April 14, 1932 –)
  • Herman Webb (September 3, 1934 –)
  • Jay Lee Webb (February 12, 1936 – July 31, 1996)
  • Donald Ray Webb (April 2, 1941 –)
  • Peggy Sue [Webb] Wright (March 25, 1943 –)
  • Betty Ruth Webb (1949 –)
  • Brenda Gail "Crystal Gayle" Webb (January 9, 1951 –)

Lynn's sisters, Peggy Sue and Crystal Gayle, and brother Jay Lee are also professional country music artists.

Path to stardom

At age 15 in January 1948, Loretta married Oliver "Doolittle" Lynn[3] (1926–1996). Their life together helped inspire the music she wrote.[4]

In 1953 Doolittle bought her a $17 Harmony guitar.[5] She taught herself to play. Over the following three years she worked to improve her guitar playing and with Doolittle's encouragement started her own band, "Loretta and the Trailblazers", with her brother, Jay Lee, playing lead guitar. She often appeared at Bill's Tavern in Blaine, Washington, and the Delta Grange Hall in Custer, Washington, with the Pen Brothers' band and The Westerneers. She eventually cut her first record, "Honky Tonk Girl", in February 1960.[citation needed]

She became a part of the country music scene in Nashville in the 1960s, and in 1967 charted her first of 16 number-one hits (out of 70 charted songs as a solo artist and a duet partner)[6] that include "Don't Come Home A' Drinkin' (With Lovin' on Your Mind)", "You Ain't Woman Enough", "Fist City", and "Coal Miner's Daughter".[7]

Lynn focused on blue-collar women's issues with themes about philandering husbands and persistent mistresses, inspired by issues she faced in her marriage. She pushed boundaries in the conservative genre of country music by singing about birth control ("The Pill"), repeated childbirth ("One's on the Way"), double standards for men and women ("Rated "X""), and being widowed by the draft during the Vietnam War ("Dear Uncle Sam").[8]

Country music radio stations often refused to play her music, banning nine of her songs, but Lynn pushed on to become one of country music's legendary artists. Lynn and contemporaries like Tammy Wynette provided a template for female artists in country music to follow. In 1980, her best-selling 1976 autobiography Coal Miner's Daughter was made into an Academy Award-winning film, Coal Miner's Daughter, starring Sissy Spacek and Tommy Lee Jones. Her most recent album, Van Lear Rose, released in 2004, was produced by fellow musician Jack White; Lynn and White were nominated for five Grammys and won two.[9]

Lynn has received numerous awards in country and American music. She was inducted into the Nashville Songwriters Hall of Fame in 1983, the Country Music Hall Of Fame in 1988, and the Songwriters Hall of Fame in 2008, and she was honored in 2010 at the Country Music Awards. Her most recent honor is the 2013 Presidential Medal of Freedom from President Barack Obama (awarded also to Bill Clinton, Oprah Winfrey, and Bob Dylan). Lynn has been a member of The Grand Ole Opry since joining on September 25, 1962; her first appearance on the Grand Ole Opry was on October 15, 1960. Lynn has recorded 70 albums, including 54 studio albums, 15 compilation albums, and one tribute album,[10][unreliable source?] and has sold over 48 million albums worldwide in her career.[citation needed]

Personal life

Birth, parents and siblings, and famous relatives

Original childhood home of Loretta Lynn in Butcher Hollow, Kentucky

Loretta was the second of eight children. She was named after film star Loretta Young.[11] Ted Webb never got to see his daughter become famous, as he died a year before Loretta's first single, "I'm A Honky Tonk Girl", was released. Three of Loretta's siblings also pursued country music careers: her youngest sister, Brenda Gail, known professionally as Crystal Gayle; sister Peggy Sue; and brother, Jay Lee Webb. Patty Loveless, born Patricia Ramey, is related to Loretta on her mother's side, as is Venus Ramey, Miss America 1944.

Lynn was born and raised in Butcher Hollow, Van Lear, Kentucky, a mining community near Paintsville. Her mother was of Scots-Irish and Cherokee ancestry. The other seven Webb children were Melvin Webb, Jr. (1929–93); Herman (b. 1934); Jay Lee (1937–96);[12] Donald (b. 1943); Peggy Sue (b. 1947); Betty Ruth (b. 1949); and Brenda Gail (b. 1951).

Early adulthood

At age 15 Lynn married 21-year-old Oliver Vanetta Lynn, known variously as "Doolittle", "Doo", or "Mooney", on January 10, 1948. The couple had met one month earlier in December 1947.[1] A year later the couple left Kentucky and moved to the logging community of Custer, Washington, while Lynn was seven months pregnant with the first of their six children.[2]

Children and grandchildren

The Lynns had three children by the time Loretta was 19 and she gave birth to their fourth child, Cissie, by age 20. The Lynns had six children altogether:

  • Betty Sue Lynn, November 26, 1948 – July 29, 2013(2013-07-29) (aged 64) from emphysema[13]
  • Jack Benny Lynn, (1949-12-07)December 7, 1949 – July 22, 1984(1984-07-22) (aged 34) by drowning.[14]
  • Ernest Ray Lynn, (1951-04-12) April 12, 1951 (age 73)
  • Clara Marie Lynn (Cissie), (1952-04-07) April 7, 1952 (age 72)
  • Peggy Jean and Patsy Eileen Lynn (twins; latter named for Patsy Cline), (1964-08-06) August 6, 1964 (age 60)

Lynn has survived two of her six children. Her second child and eldest son, Jack Benny, died at age 34 on July 22, 1984, while trying to ford the Duck River at the family's ranch in Hurricane Mills, Tennessee. Loretta's eldest child, daughter Betty Sue, died at age 64 from emphysema on July 29, 2013, near Loretta's ranch in Hurricane Mills.[14] She became a grandmother at age 34 in 1966, two years after her twins were born. She has 21 grandchildren as of April 2014. Before her marriage, she regularly sang at churches and in local concerts in Butcher Hollow and sang continuously to her younger siblings. After marrying, she stopped singing in public, focusing on family life. She passed her love of music on to her children, often singing to them around the house, singing the hymns her mother taught her such as "The Great Titanic" and "In The Pines".[7] [clarification needed]

Marital issues

Although the Lynns were married for almost fifty years (Doolittle died on August 22, 1996) and had six children,[15] their marriage was reportedly rocky. In her 2002 autobiography, Still Woman Enough, and in an interview with CBS News the same year, Lynn recounts how her husband cheated on her regularly and once left her while she was giving birth.[16] Lynn and her husband fought frequently; but she has said that "[H]e never hit me one time that I didn't hit him back twice".[16] Loretta has said that her marriage with Mooney was "One of the hardest love stories".[17][page needed] Lynn recalls in one of her autobiographies:

I married Doo when I wasn't but a child, and he was my life from that day on. But as important as my youth and upbringing was, there's something else that made me stick to Doo. He thought I was something special, more special than anyone else in the world, and never let me forget it. That belief would be hard to shove out the door. Doo was my security, my safety net. And just remember, I'm explainin', not excusin'... Doo was a good man and a hard worker. But he was an alcoholic, and it affected our marriage all the way through.[18]

Homes

Lynn owns a ranch in Hurricane Mills, Tennessee, billed as "The 7th Largest Attraction in Tennessee", featuring a recording studio, museums, lodging, restaurants, western stores, and other attractions. She normally holds three holiday concerts annually at her ranch: Memorial Day Weekend, Fourth of July Weekend, and Labor Day Weekend.[19]

Lynn's ranch, where she and her husband raised their children, is open for tourists to visit. For over 30 years the ranch hosted Lynn's Amateur Motocross National Championship, the world's largest amateur motocross race, in addition to GNCC Racing events. The ranch is centered around her large plantation home along with a replica of her parents' cabin in Butcher Hollow. She no longer lives in the plantation home.[19]

During the 1970s Lynn purchased a home in Mexico and spent her time off from touring there with her twin daughters, Patsy and Peggy, and her husband.

Injury and recovery

In 2006 Lynn underwent shoulder surgery after injuring herself in a fall. There were complications during the procedure and she had to be revived by doctors. The surgery was successfully completed later.[20][21]

Music career in detail

1960–1966: Early country success

Lynn began singing in local clubs in the late 1950s with help, insistence, and support from her husband. She later formed her own band, the Trailblazers, which included her brother Jay Lee Webb. Lynn won a televised talent contest in Tacoma, Washington, hosted by Buck Owens, for which the prize was a wristwatch that broke 24 hours later(Lynn later laughed about it with Owens). Lynn's performance was seen by Canadian Norm Burley of Zero Records, who co-founded the record company after hearing Loretta sing.[22]

Zero Records president, Canadian Don Grashey, arranged a recording session in Hollywood, where four of Lynn's own compositions were recorded: "I'm A Honky Tonk Girl", "Whispering Sea", "Heartache Meet Mister Blues", and "New Rainbow". Her first release featured "Whispering Sea" and "I'm a Honky Tonk Girl". She signed her first contract on February 2, 1960, with Zero; the material was recorded at United Western Recorders in Hollywood, engineered by Don Blake and produced by Grashey.[23][24] Musicians backing on the songs were "the great" steel guitar player Speedy West,[25] Harold Hensely on fiddle, Roy Lanham on guitar, Al Williams on bass, and Muddy Berry on drums.[26] She commented on the different sound of her first record: "Well, there is a West Coast sound that is definitely not the same as the Nashville sound ... It was a shuffle with a West Coast beat".[25]

The Lynns then toured the country to promote the release to country stations,[22] while Grashey and Del Roy took the music to KFOX in Long Beach, California.[24] When the Lynns reached Nashville, the song was a hit, climbing to No. 14 on Billboard's C & W Chart, and Lynn began cutting demo records for the Wilburn Brothers Publishing Company. Through the Wilburns, she secured a contract with Decca Records.[22] From the onset of her career fans took notice and rallied behind her all the way, with the first Loretta Lynn Fan Club formed in November 1960. By the end of the year Billboard magazine listed Lynn as the No. 4 Most Promising Country Female Artist.[citation needed]

Lynn's relationship with the Wilburn Brothers and her appearances on the Grand Ole Opry, beginning in 1960,[15] helped Lynn become the number one female recording artist in country music. Her contract with the Wilburn Brothers gave them the publishing rights to her material. She was still fighting to regain these rights 30 years after ending her business relationship with them but was ultimately denied the publishing rights. Lynn stopped writing music in the 1970s because of these contracts. Although Kitty Wells had become the first major female country vocalist during the 1950s, by the time Lynn recorded her first record, only three other women - Patsy Cline, Skeeter Davis, and Jean Shepard - had become top stars. Lynn joined The Grand Ole Opry on September 25, 1962.[2]

By the end of 1962 it was clear that she was on her way to becoming the fourth. Lynn has credited Cline as her mentor and best friend during those early years. In 2010, when interviewed for Jimmy Mcdonough's biography of Tammy Wynette, Tammy Wynette: Tragic Country Queen, Loretta mentioned having best friends in Patsy and Tammy during different times: "Best friends are like husbands. You only need one at a time."[citation needed]

Lynn released her first Decca single, "Success," in 1962, and it went straight to #6, beginning a string of Top 10 singles that would run through the rest of the decade and throughout the next. She was a hard honky-tonk singer for the first half of the 1960s and rarely strayed from the genre.[6] Between this time, Lynn soon began to regularly hit the Top 10 after 1964 with "Before I'm Over You", which peaked at No. 4, followed by "Wine, Women, and Song," which peaked at No. 3. In late 1964, she recorded a duet album with Ernest Tubb. Their lead single, "Mr. and Mrs. Used to Be", peaked within the Top 15. Together, the pair recorded two more albums, "Singin' Again" (1967) and "If we Put Our Heads Together" (1969). In 1965, her solo career continued with three major hits, "Happy Birthday", "Blue Kentucky Girl" (later recorded and made a Top 10 hit in the 1970s by Emmylou Harris), and "The Home You're Tearing Down". Lynn's label issued two albums that year, "Songs from My Heart" and "Blue Kentucky Girl". While most were Top 10 Country hits, none reached #1.[citation needed]

Lynn's first self-penned song to crack the Top Ten, 1966's "Dear Uncle Sam", was among the very first recordings to recount the human costs of the Vietnam War.[2] In the latter half of the decade, although she still worked within the confines of honky tonk, her sound became more personal, varied, and ambitious, particularly lyrically. Beginning with 1966's Number 1 hit in Cash Box, "You Ain't Woman Enough", Lynn began writing songs with a feminist viewpoint, which was unheard of in country music. This song made Lynn the first country female recording artist to pen a No. 1 hit.[27]

1967–1980: Breakthrough success

In 1967 Lynn reached No. 1 with "Don't Come Home A-Drinkin' (With Lovin' on Your Mind)".[28] "Don't Come Home A-Drinkin" went to No 1 and became one of the first albums by a female country artist to reach sales of 500,000 copies.[29]

Lynn's next album, Fist City, was released in 1968. The title track became Lynn's second No. 1 hit, as a single in earlier that year, and the other single from the album, "What Kind of a Girl (Do You Think I Am)", peaked within the Top 10. In 1968, her next studio album, Your Squaw Is on the Warpath, spawned two Top 5 Country hits: the title track and "You've Just Stepped In (From Stepping Out on Me)". In 1969, her next single, "Woman of the World (Leave My World Alone)", was Lynn's third chart-topper, followed by a subsequent Top 10, "To Make a Man (Feel Like a Man)". She was reportedly once inspired to write a song about a real woman she suspected was flirting with her husband. The song, "You Ain't Woman Enough (To Take My Man)", was an instant hit and became one of Lynn's all-time most popular. Her career continued to be successful into the 1970s, especially following the success of her hit "Coal Miner's Daughter", which peaked at No. 1 on the Billboard Country Chart in 1970, and the album has sold over 5 million copies worldwide. "Coal Miner's Daughter" tells the story of Lynn's life growing up in rural Butcher Hollow, Kentucky. The song became her first single to chart on the Billboard Hot 100, peaking at No. 83. She had a series of singles that charted low on the Hot 100 between 1970 and 1975. The song "Coal Miner's Daughter" later served as the impetus for the best-selling autobiography (1976) and the Oscar-winning biopic, both of which share the song's title.[30]

In 1973 Rated "X" peaked at No. 1 on the Billboard Country Chart and was considered one of Lynn's most controversial hits. The next year, her next single, "Love Is the Foundation", also became a No. 1 country hit from her album of the same name. The second and last single from that album, "Hey Loretta", became a Top 5 hit. Lynn continued to reach the Top 10 until the end of the decade, including with 1975's "The Pill", considered to be the first song to discuss birth control, other than the 1967 French-language song in French, Pilule d'Or, sung by Luc Dominique. As a songwriter, Lynn felt no topic was off limits, as long as it spoke to other women, and many of her songs were autobiographical.[16] In 1976, she released her autobiography, Coal Miner's Daughter, with the help of writer George Vecsey. It became a #1 bestseller, making Lynn the first country music artist to make the New York Times bestseller list. This opened a flood gate of country artists who followed with books. By the early 1980s Lynn became the first American female recording artist to chart over fifty top ten hits.

Professional partnership with Conway Twitty

In 1971 Lynn began a professional partnership with Conway Twitty. As a duo, Lynn and Twitty had five consecutive Number 1 hits between 1971 and 1975: their first release "After the Fire Is Gone" (1971),won them a Grammy award, "Lead Me On" (1971), "Louisiana Woman, Mississippi Man" (1973), "As Soon as I Hang Up the Phone" (1974), and "Feelins'" (1974). The hit-streak kick-started what became one of the most successful duos of country history. For four consecutive years (1972–1975), Lynn and Twitty were named the "Vocal Duo of the Year" by the Country Music Association. The Academy of Country Music named them the "Best Vocal Duet" in 1971, 1974, 1975, and 1976. The American Music awards selected them as the "Favorite Country Duo" in 1975, 1976 and 1977. The fan-voted Music City News readers voted them the No. 1 duet every year between 1971 and 1981 inclusive. In addition to their five Number 1 singles, they had seven other Top 10 hits between 1976 and 1981.[6] Loretta Lynn and Conway Twitty are the most successful and most awarded male/female duet teams in country music history. Conway and Loretta, their duo name, released an album in 1977 titled "Dynamic Duo" and were considered that by their many fans.

Loretta Lynn touring in 1975

As a solo artist, Lynn continued to be very successful into 1971, achieving her fifth No. 1 solo hit, "One's on the Way", written by poet and songwriter Shel Silverstein. The songs that didn't reach the top spot peaked within the Top 10 during this time, "I Wanna Be Free", "You're Lookin' At Country" and 1972's "Here I Am Again", all released on separate albums. The next year, she became the first country star on the cover of Newsweek.[31] In 1972, Lynn was the first woman nominated and the first woman to win the prestigious Entertainer Of The Year award at The CMA awards. She won the Female Vocalist Of The Year and Duo of the year with Conway Twitty, beating out George Jones and Tammy Wynette, and Porter Wagoner and Dolly Parton.[citation needed]

Tribute album for Patsy Cline

In 1977 Lynn recorded I Remember Patsy, an album dedicated to her friend and country pop singer Patsy Cline, who had died in a plane crash in 1963. The album covered some of Cline's biggest hits. The two singles Lynn released from the album, "She's Got You" and "Why Can't He Be You", became major hits. "She's Got You", which went to #1 by Cline in 1962, went to #1 again that year by Lynn. "Why Can't He Be You" peaked at #7 shortly afterward. Lynn enjoyed enormous success on country radio until the early 1980s, when a more pop-flavored type of country music began to dominate the market. She stayed within the country Top 10 until the mid-1980s; however, most of her music by the late 1970s had a slick pop sound to it. Lynn had her last No. 1 hit in 1978 with "Out of My Head and Back in My Bed".[citation needed]

In 1979 she had two Top 5 hits, "I Can't Feel You Anymore" and "I've Got a Picture Of Us on My Mind", from separate albums. Lynn would often sit for an hour or more onstage signing autographs to her fans after a performance. Once in Salisbury, Maryland, the town's newspaper editor interviewed her while she was signing autographs. Editor Mel Toadvine asked her why she took so much time to sign autographs while more than 100 people stood in line all the way to the front of the Wicomico Youth and Civic Center. "These people are my fans ... I'll stay here until the very last one wants my autograph. Without these people, I am nobody. I love these people", she told Toadvine. In 1979, she became the spokesperson for Procter & Gamble's Crisco oil and did TV commercials and print ads for them for a decade, ending in 1989. Because of her dominant hold on the 1970s, Lynn was named the "Artist of the Decade" by the Academy of Country Music. She is the only woman to win this honor.[32][unreliable source?]

1980–1989: Continued success

On March 5, 1980, the film Coal Miner's Daughter debuted in Nashville, and soon became the No. 1 box office hit in the United States. Lynn crossed over from country music superstar to American legend. The film starred Sissy Spacek as Loretta and Tommy Lee Jones as Mooney Lynn. The film received seven Academy Award nominations, winning a Best Actress Oscar for Spacek and a slew of other top honors, including a gold album for the soundtrack album, a Grammy nomination for Spacek's singing as Lynn, a Country Music Association and Academy of Country Music awards, plus several Golden Globe awards. The 1980s featured more hits ("Pregnant Again", "Naked in the Rain", "Somebody Led Me Away").[31] Her 1980 and 1981 albums, Loretta and Lookin' Good spawned these hits. Lynn was the first woman in country music to have 50 Top 10 hits. Her last Top 10 record as a soloist was "I Lie" in 1982, but her releases continued to chart until the end of the decade. Lynn continued to have Top 20 hits throughout the 1980s.[citation needed]

One of her last solo releases was "Heart Don't Do This to Me" (1985), which reached No. 19; her last Top 20 hit. In 1993, Lynn stopped releasing singles and focused more on touring than promoting. As a concert artist, she remained a top draw throughout her career, but by the early 1990s she drastically cut down the number of personal appearances due to the fragile health of her husband, who died in 1996. Her 1985 album Just a Woman spawned a Top 40 hit. In 1987, Lynn lent her voice to a song on k.d. lang's album, Shadowland with other country stars, Kitty Wells and Brenda Lee, "Honky Tonk Angels Medley". They released a video for this medley, the album went gold and was Grammy nominated for the four women. Lynn's 1988 album Who Was That Stranger would be her last solo album for a major record company as a solo artist. She was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1988.[33]

1990–present: Later music career

Lynn returned to the public eye in 1993 with a hit CD. The trio album Honky Tonk Angels, recorded with Dolly Parton and Tammy Wynette. The CD peaked at #6 on the Billboard Country charts and #42 on the Billboard Pop charts and charted a single with "Silver Threads and Golden Needles". They released a popular video of this song. The album sold over 800,000 copies and was certified gold in the United States and Canada. The trio was nominated for Grammy and Country Music Association awards. Lynn's former singing partner, Conway Twitty, died in 1993. Tammy Wynette died five years later on April 6, 1998. She released a three-CD boxed set chronicling her career on MCA Records. In 1995 she taped a seven-week series on the Nashville Network (TNN), Loretta Lynn & Friends, and performed some 50 dates that year.[34]

In 1995 Loretta was presented with the Pioneer Award at the 30th Academy of Country Music Awards. She only did a few performances that year because of her husband's failing health. In 1996 she became widowed, Lynn's husband Oliver Vanetta "Doolittle" Lynn died five days short of his 70th birthday. In 2000 she released her first album in several years, Still Country, in which she included "I Can't Hear the Music", a tribute song to her late husband. She released her first new single in over 10 years from the album, "Country in My Genes", when the single charted on the Billboard Country singles chart it made Lynn the first woman in Country Music to chart singles in five decades. While the album gained positive critical notices, sales were low in comparison with her previous releases. In 2002 Lynn published her second autobiography, Still Woman Enough, and became her second New York Times bestseller peaking in the top ten. In 2004 she published a cookbook, You're Cookin' It Country.[35]

In 2004 Lynn made a comeback with the highly successful album Van Lear Rose, the second album on which Lynn either wrote or co-wrote every song. The album was produced by her "friend forever"[36] Jack White of The White Stripes, and featured guitar work and backup vocals by White. Her collaboration with White allowed Lynn to reach new audiences and generations, even garnering high praise in magazines that specialize in mainstream and alternative rock music, such as Spin and Blender.[37] Rolling Stone voted the album the second best of 2004. It won the Grammy Award for Best Country Album of the Year.[citation needed]

Late in 2010 Sony Music released a new album, titled Coal Miner's Daughter: A Tribute to Loretta Lynn, featuring stars like Reba McEntire, Faith Hill, Paramore, and Carrie Underwood performing Loretta's classic hits over the past 50 years. The CD produced a Top 10 music video hit on GAC with the lead single, "Coal Miner's Daughter", that Lynn recorded with Miranda Lambert and Sheryl Crow. The single cracked the Billboard singles chart making Lynn the only female Country artist to chart in six decades. In May 2010 Lynn performed at the Nelsonville Music Festival in Nelsonville, Ohio.[38] In 2012 Lynn published her third autobiography, Honky Tonk Girl: My Life in Lyrics.[39] She contributed her take on the Civil War era song "Take Your Gun and Go, John" to Divided & United: Songs of the Civil War, which was released on November 5, 2013.

On November 10, 2015, Lynn announced that, after more than 10 years after the previous album, a new one, called Full Circle, will be released on March 4, 2016. The new record features artists like Willie Nelson and Elvis Costello.[citation needed]

Honors and awards

Main article: List of Loretta Lynn awards

Lynn has written over 160 songs and released 60 albums, and has sold 45 million records worldwide. She has had ten Number 1 albums and sixteen Number 1 singles on the country charts. Lynn has won dozens of awards from many different institutions, including four Grammy Awards, seven American Music Awards, eight Broadcast Music Incorporated awards, thirteen Academy of Country Music, eight Country Music Association and twenty-six fan voted Music City News awards. Lynn still today is the most awarded woman in country music. She was the first woman in country music to receive a certified gold album for 1967's "Don't Come Home A' Drinkin' (With Lovin' on Your Mind)".[40]

In 1972 Lynn was the first woman named "Entertainer of the Year" by the Country Music Association, and is one of six women to have received CMA's highest award. In 1980 she was the only woman to be named "Artist of the Decade" for the 1970s by the Academy of Country Music. Lynn was inducted into the Country Music Hall of Fame in 1988[15] and the Country Gospel Music Hall of Fame in 1999.[41] She was also the recipient of Kennedy Center Honors an award given by the President in 2003. Lynn is also ranked 65th on VH1's 100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll[42] and was the first female country artist to receive a star on the Hollywood Walk of Fame in 1977.[43] In 1994 she received the country music pioneer award by the Academy of Country Music.

In 2001 "Coal Miner's Daughter" was named among NPR's "100 Most Significant Songs of the 20th Century". In 2002, Lynn had the highest ranking (No. 3) for any living female CMT television's special of the 40 Greatest Women of Country Music.[44]

On November 4, 2004, Lynn, who has been a BMI affiliate for over 45 years, was honored as a BMI Icon at the BMI Country Awards.[45]

In 2008 Loretta Lynn was inducted into the Songwriters Hall of Fame in New York City. To date Lynn had been inducted into more music Halls Of Fame than any other female recording artist. In 2010, Lynn received the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award for her 50 years in country music.[46]

Loretta Lynn appeared at the 44th Annual Country Music Awards on November 10, 2010 and was honored for fifty years in country music.[47] That same year, Lynn was presented with a rose named in her honor.[48]

In November 2010 Sony Music released a tribute CD to Loretta Lynn titled Coal Miner's Daughter: A Tribute to Loretta Lynn. The CD featured Kid Rock, Reba McEntire, Sheryl Crow, Miranda Lambert, Alan Jackson, Gretchen Wilson, The White Stripes, Martina McBride, Paramore, Steve Earle and Faith Hill. In 2011 Lynn was nominated for an Academy of Country Music, CMT Video and Country Music Association award for "Vocal Event of the Year" with Miranda Lambert and Sheryl Crow for "Coal Miner's Daughter" released as a video and single off the CD.[2]

On September 25, 2012, Loretta Lynn marked her 50th anniversary as a Grand Ole Opry member. The only other women to reach this milestone have been Jean Shepard, Minnie Pearl and Wilma Lee Cooper. Lynn was honored with a tribute show that was broadcast on GAC-TV.[citation needed]

On August 8, 2013, President Barack Obama announced that Loretta Lynn would be awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom. The press release read as follows: "Loretta Lynn is a country music legend. Raised in rural Kentucky, she emerged as one of the first successful female country music vocalists in the early 1960s, courageously breaking barriers in an industry long dominated by men. Ms. Lynn's numerous accolades include the Kennedy Center Honors in 2003 and the Grammy Lifetime Achievement Award in 2010."[49] Lynn received two additional career-acknowledging awards in 2015. Miranda Lambert presented the Crystal milestone award to her from the Academy of country music.[citation needed] She also received the Billboard Legacy Award for Women in Music.[citation needed]

Politics

At the height of her popularity, Lynn was subject to much controversy. Songs by Lynn that have been banned include "Rated "X"," about the double standards divorced women face, "Wings Upon Your Horns", about the loss of teenage virginity, and "The Pill", lyrics by T. D. Bayless, about a wife and mother becoming liberated via the birth-control pill. Her song "Dear Uncle Sam", released in 1966 during the Vietnam War, describes a wife's anguish at the loss of a husband to war. It has been included in live performances during the Iraq War.[22] In 1971 Lynn was the first solo female country artist to play the White House for Richard Nixon. She has since returned to perform for the Carter, Reagan, George H. W. Bush and George W. Bush administrations. Lynn has also gone on the record in 2016 to state that she is supporting Donald Trump in his run for the presidency.[50]

Though Lynn has been outspoken about her views on often-controversial social and political subjects, she stated, "I don't like to talk about things where you're going to get one side or the other unhappy. My music has no politics."[51] She has visited the White House six times since 1976, under both Republican and Democratic presidents,[52] and in her autobiography, she said her father was a Republican and her mother a Democrat. When asked about same-sex marriage by the USA Today in November 2010, she replied "I'm still an old Bible girl. God said you need to be a woman and man, but everybody to their own."[53] Loretta Lynn endorsed[54] and campaigned[55] along with Peggy Sue and Crystal Gayle for Republican George H. W. Bush during the presidential election of 1988.[56]

In 2002's Still Woman Enough, she discusses her longtime friendship and support for Jimmy Carter,[57] yet during the same time period she made her only recorded political donations ($4,300) to Republican candidates and Republican-aligned PACs. In 2013, she was awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by Barack Obama.[58] At other times, she has questioned both political parties: "Dear Uncle Sam" was written in 1966 during the Lyndon B. Johnson administration to "recount the human costs of the Vietnam War", and she made a return to her live sets during the Iraq War under George W. Bush's presidency.[citation needed]

While a recognized "advocate for ordinary women", Lynn has often criticized upper-middle-class feminism for ignoring the needs and concerns of working-class women.[2] She once stated, "I'm not a big fan of Women's Liberation, but maybe it will help women stand up for the respect they're due." Along these lines, her music has spanned from "The Pill" and "Rated X" to more culturally-conservative gospel albums.[59] She allowed PETA to use her song "I Wanna Be Free" in a public service campaign encouraging people not to chain their dogs outside.[60]

Discography

Main articles: Loretta Lynn discography and Loretta Lynn and Conway Twitty discography
Studio albums

See also

Template:Wikipedia books

References

  1. ^ a b "Loretta Lynn Married at 15, Not 13; 80-Years-Old Not 77". Associated Press. May 18, 2012. Retrieved January 2, 2016.
  2. ^ a b c d e f Official Loretta Lynn website; accessed May 4, 2014.
  3. ^ "Bio". LorettaLynn.com. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  4. ^ Profile, lubbockonline.com; accessed July 18, 2015.
  5. ^ Rhodes, Don (June 8, 2011). "Lynn's road to stardom started with $17 guitar". The Augusta Chronicle. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  6. ^ a b c Loretta Lynn at CMT.com.
  7. ^ a b Coal Miner's Daughter, p. 73.
  8. ^ Thanki, Juli. "20 Most Controversial Songs by Women". Engine 145. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
  9. ^ "Grammy.com". The Recording Academy. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
  10. ^ "Discography". LorettaLynn.com. Retrieved November 9, 2015.
  11. ^ "About the Artist: Biography of Loretta Lynn". The Kennedy Center; accessed February 4, 2007.
  12. ^ "Albums by Jay Lee Webb: Discography, songs, biography, and listening guide". Rate Your Music. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  13. ^ Notice of death of Betty Sue Lynn, musicrow.com, July 2013; accessed May 4, 2014..
  14. ^ a b "Loretta Lynn's eldest daughter dies". Huffington Post. Huffington Post. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  15. ^ a b c Loretta Lynn. Country Music Hall of Fame; accessed February 4, 2007.
  16. ^ a b c "Legends: Loretta Lynn Tells All". CBS News. December 27, 2002. Retrieved February 4, 2007. Her autobiography recounts how once, in a drunken rage, he smashed many jars full of vegetables she had painstakingly canned.
  17. ^ Lynn 2002.
  18. ^ Lynn 2002, p. xiii.
  19. ^ a b "Loretta Lynn official website". LorettaLynn.com. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  20. ^ Loretta Lynn: Van Lear Rose (2004) reviews", Metacritic.com; accessed March 3, 2007.
  21. ^ Lorreta Lynn "Died" in surgery, ContactMusic.com, June 8, 2006; accessed March 30, 2012.
  22. ^ a b c d "Van Lear Rose"; accessed February 4, 2007.
  23. ^ Koch Entertainment Loretta Lynn Biography.
  24. ^ a b "Honky Tonk Make Believe", Don Grashy - Co. Joseph Mauro, "MY RAMBLING HEART" (Washington. DC: 1995), p. 45.
  25. ^ a b Honky Tonk Girl: My Life in Lyrics (2012). pp. 10-11; ISBN 978-0-307-59489-1
  26. ^ PragueFrank's Country Music Discographies, countrydiscography.blogspot.com; May 2011
  27. ^ Loretta Lynn Profile, Country Music Television website; accessed May 4, 2014.
  28. ^ Wolff, Kurt (2000). In Country Music: The Rough Guide. Orla Duane (ed.), London: Rough Guides Ltd. p. 311.
  29. ^ Loretta Lynn profile, MusicianGuide.com; retrieved April 28, 2008.
  30. ^ Will the Circle Be Unbroken: Country Music In America. Paul Kingsbury & Alanna Nash (eds.) London: Rough Guides Ltd., 2006, p. 251
  31. ^ a b Loretta Lynn biography, Countrypolitan.com; retrieved April 18, 2008. Archived 2008-02-06 at the Wayback Machine
  32. ^ "Loretta Lynn added to ACM's Girls' Night Out". LorettaLynn.com. Retrieved April 8, 2014.
  33. ^ Loretta Lynn profile, rollingstone.com; accessed April 18, 2008. Archived 2007-12-26 at the Wayback Machine
  34. ^ Loretta Lynn profile, musicianguide.com; accessed April 19, 2014.
  35. ^ "You're Cookin' it Country". Barnes and Noble. Retrieved April 8, 2014.
  36. ^ Jancee Dunn of Rolling Stone Magazine (2004). The CD sold 400,000 US copies and received two Grammy Awards including Country Album of the Year."Honky-tonk Woman" Rolling Stone; accessed June 29, 2006.
  37. ^ "Loretta Lynn Recovering From Surgery". CBS News, June 8, 2006; accessed February 4, 2007.
  38. ^ "Past Shows" Stuart's Opera House: Nelsonville, Ohio. Stuart's Opera House: Nelsonville, Ohio, n.d. Web. October 8, 2012.
  39. ^ Lynn, Loretta (April 3, 2012). "Honky Tonk Girl: My Life in Lyrics". Nyjournalofbooks.com. Retrieved July 2, 2013.
  40. ^ "Johanna's Vision". WordPress. Retrieved April 15, 2014.
  41. ^ County Gospel Music Hall of Fame.
  42. ^ 100 Greatest Women of Rock & Roll. VH1.com; accessed February 4, 2007.
  43. ^ "Hollywood Walk of Fame directory". Hollywood Chamber of Commerce; accessed February 4, 2007.
  44. ^ "40 Greatest Women of Country Music". Twin Music. Retrieved April 6, 2014.
  45. ^ "Shania Twain, Toby Keith, Casey Beathard Lead Winners at 2004 BMI Country Awards". bmi.com. Retrieved October 1, 2010.
  46. ^ "Lifetime Achievement Award". Recording Association online. Retrieved November 13, 2011.
  47. ^ "Country Music Awards". TVGuide.com. November 4, 2010.
  48. ^ Lynn, Loretta. "New Rose Named for Loretta Lynn". Article. Sony Music Nashville. Retrieved July 13, 2011.
  49. ^ "President Obama Names Presidential Medal of Freedom Recipients". Office of the Press Secretary, The White House. August 8, 2013. Retrieved August 8, 2013.
  50. ^ Kosar (January 11, 2016). "Country Legend Loretta Lynn Just Announced Who She Wants In The WHITE HOUSE!". The Political Insider. Retrieved January 14, 2016.
  51. ^ "Loretta Lynn Quotes". BrainyQuote. Retrieved November 9, 2012.
  52. ^ Wagner, Nichole (June 13, 2009). "Loretta Lynn profile". Uncommonmusic.org. Retrieved November 9, 2012.
  53. ^ Nash, Alanna (November 4, 2010). "The once and future Queen of Country". USA Weekend. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  54. ^ Seifert, Erica J. (2012). The Politics of Authenticity in Presidential Campaigns, 1976-2008. McFarland. Pages 108-109. ISBN 9780786491094.
  55. ^ Kilian, Pamela (2003). Barbara Bush: Matriarch of a Dynasty. Macmillan. Page 111. ISBN 9780312319700.
  56. ^ Weinraub, Bernard (September 29, 1988). "Campaign Trail; Country Singers Stand By Their Man". The New York Times. Retrieved January 4, 2016.
  57. ^ Loretta Lynn, Still Woman Enough: A Memoir (New York: Hyperion, 2002)
  58. ^ Lynn awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom, whitehouse.gov; accessed May 4, 2014.
  59. ^ "Loretta Lynn Quotes". BrainyQuote. April 14, 1935. p. 2. Retrieved November 9, 2012.
  60. ^ "Loretta Helps Furry Friends", LorettaLynn.com, October 24, 2005.

Bibliography

  • Lynn, Loretta; et al. (2002) [1993], Still Woman Enough: A Memoir, Hyperion, ISBN 0-7868-6650-0.

Further reading

  • In The Country of Country: A Journey to the Roots of American Music, Nicholas Dawidoff, Vintage Books, 1998; ISBN 0-375-70082-X
  • Are You Ready for the Country: Elvis, Dylan, Parsons and the Roots of Country Rock, Peter Dogget, Penguin Books, 2001; ISBN 0-14-026108-7
  • Dreaming Out Loud: Garth Brooks, Wynonna Judd, Wade Hayes and the changing face of Nashville, Bruce Feiler, Avon Books, 1998; ISBN 0-380-97578-5
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Awards
Preceded by AMA Album of the Year (artist)
2004 		Succeeded by
Preceded by AMA Artist of the Year
2004 		Succeeded by
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