Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award
![]() The Most Valuable Player award | |
Awarded for | Major League Baseball's Regular Season MVP |
---|---|
Country | United States |
Presented by | Baseball Writers' Association of America |
History | |
First award | 1931 |
Most recent |
The Major League Baseball Most Valuable Player Award (MVP) is an annual Major League Baseball (MLB) award given to one outstanding player in the American League and one in the National League. Since 1931, it has been awarded by the Baseball Writers' Association of America (BBWAA). The winners receive the Kenesaw Mountain Landis Memorial Baseball Award, which became the official name of the award in 1944,[1] in honor of the first MLB commissioner, Kenesaw Mountain Landis, who served from 1920 until his death on November 25, 1944.[1][2]
MVP voting takes place before the postseason, but the results are not announced until after the World Series. The BBWAA began by polling three writers in each league city in 1938, reducing that number to two per league city in 1961.[3] The BBWAA does not offer a clear-cut definition of what "most valuable" means, instead leaving the judgment to the individual voters.[4][5]
First basemen, with 34 winners, have won the most MVPs among infielders, followed by second basemen (16), third basemen (15), and shortstops (15). Of the 25 pitchers who have won the award, 15 are right-handed while 10 are left-handed. Walter Johnson, Carl Hubbell, and Hal Newhouser are the only pitchers who have won multiple times, Newhouser winning consecutively in 1944 and 1945.[6][7]
Hank Greenberg, Stan Musial, Alex Rodriguez, and Robin Yount have won at different positions,[6] while Rodriguez is the only player who has won the award with two different teams at two different positions.[8] Barry Bonds has won the most often (seven times) and the most consecutively (four: 2001–04).[9] Jimmie Foxx was the first player to win multiple times;[10] 9 players have won three times, and 19 have won twice.[11] Frank Robinson is the only player to win the award in both the American and National Leagues.
The award's only tie occurred in the National League in 1979, when Keith Hernandez and Willie Stargell received an equal number of points.[6][12] There have been 18 unanimous winners, who received all the first-place votes.[3] The New York Yankees have the most winning players with 22, followed by the St. Louis Cardinals with 17 winners. The award has never been presented to a member of the following three teams: Arizona Diamondbacks, New York Mets, and Tampa Bay Rays. The most recent recipients are José Altuve in the American League and Giancarlo Stanton in the National League.
In recent decades, pitchers have rarely won the award. When Justin Verlander won the AL award in 2011, he became the first pitcher in either league to be named the MVP since Dennis Eckersley in 1992. Verlander also became the first starting pitcher to win this award since Roger Clemens accomplished the feat in 1986.[13] The National League went even longer without an MVP award to a pitcher. After Bob Gibson won in 1968, no pitcher in that league was named MVP until Clayton Kershaw in 2014.[14]
Chalmers Award (1911–1914)
![Ty Cobb looking just to the left of the camera.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/44/Ty-Cobb-1913-NPC-detail-1.jpeg/220px-Ty-Cobb-1913-NPC-detail-1.jpeg)
Before the 1910 season, Hugh Chalmers of Chalmers Automobile announced he would present a Chalmers Model 30 automobile to the player with the highest batting average in Major League Baseball at the end of the season. The 1910 race for best average in the American League was between the Detroit Tigers' widely disliked[3][15][16] Ty Cobb and Nap Lajoie of the Cleveland Indians. On the last day of the season, Lajoie overtook Cobb's batting average with seven bunt hits against the St. Louis Browns. American League President Ban Johnson said a recalculation showed that Cobb had won the race anyway, and Chalmers ended up awarding cars to both players.[3]
The following season, Chalmers created the Chalmers Award. A committee of baseball writers were to convene after the season to determine the "most important and useful player to the club and to the league". Since the award was not as effective at advertising as Chalmers had hoped, it was discontinued after 1914.[3]
Year | American League winner | Team | Position | National League winner | Team | Position | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1911 | Ty Cobb†§ | Detroit Tigers | OF | Frank Schulte | Chicago Cubs | OF | [17] |
1912 | Tris Speaker† | Boston Red Sox | OF | Larry Doyle | New York Giants | 2B | [18] |
1913 | Walter Johnson† | Washington Senators | RHP | Jake Daubert | Brooklyn Dodgers | 1B | [19] |
1914 | Eddie Collins† | Philadelphia Athletics | 2B | Johnny Evers† | Boston Braves | 2B | [20] |
League Awards (1922–1929)
![A man in full baseball attire wears a pinstriped jersey and a hat with overlapping white "N" and "Y". Looking to the left of the camera, he is holding a baseball upward.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/1/13/Babe_Ruth2.jpg/220px-Babe_Ruth2.jpg)
In 1922 the American League created a new award to honor "the baseball player who is of the greatest all-around service to his club".[21] Winners, voted on by a committee of eight baseball writers chaired by James Crusinberry,[22] received a bronze medal and a cash prize.[23] Voters were required to select one player from each team and player-coaches and prior award winners were ineligible. Famously, these criteria resulted in Babe Ruth winning only a single MVP award before it was dropped after 1928. The National League award, without these restrictions, lasted from 1924 to 1929.[3]
Year | American League winner | Team | Position | National League winner | Team | Position | Ref |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
1922 | George Sisler† | St. Louis Browns | 1B | — | — | — | [24] |
1923 | Babe Ruth†§ | New York Yankees | OF | — | — | — | [25] |
1924 | Walter Johnson† (2) | Washington Senators | RHP | Dazzy Vance† | Brooklyn Robins | RHP | [26] |
1925 | Roger Peckinpaugh | Washington Senators | SS | Rogers Hornsby† | St. Louis Cardinals | 2B | [27] |
1926 | George Burns | Cleveland Indians | 1B | Bob O'Farrell | St. Louis Cardinals | C | [28] |
1927 | Lou Gehrig† | New York Yankees | 1B | Paul Waner† | Pittsburgh Pirates | OF | [29] |
1928 | Mickey Cochrane† | Philadelphia Athletics | C | Jim Bottomley† | St. Louis Cardinals | 1B | [30] |
1929 | — | — | — | Rogers Hornsby† (2) | Chicago Cubs | 2B | [31] |
Baseball Writers' Association of America's Most Valuable Player (1931–present)
The BBWAA first awarded the modern MVP after the 1931 season, adopting the format the National League used to distribute its league award. One writer in each city with a team filled out a ten-place ballot, with ten points for the recipient of a first-place vote, nine for a second-place vote, and so on. In 1938, the BBWAA raised the number of voters to three per city and gave 14 points for a first-place vote. The only significant change since then occurred in 1961, when the number of voters was reduced to two per league city.[3]
![A man is pictured from his belt up looking to the left of the camera. His button-down baseball jersey says "RED SOX" across it and he is wearing a baseball hat with a "B".](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/4/46/Jimmie_Foxx_1937_cropped.jpg/220px-Jimmie_Foxx_1937_cropped.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/c/c1/Hank_Greenberg_1937_cropped.jpg/220px-Hank_Greenberg_1937_cropped.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/a/a0/Jim_Konstanty.jpg/220px-Jim_Konstanty.jpg)
![The face of a dark-skinned man who is smiling widely. The letters "S" and "F" overlap on his hat.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/8/80/Willie_Mays_cropped.jpg/220px-Willie_Mays_cropped.jpg)
![An African-American man looks just right of the camera. His helmet and white jersey both have an orange "S" over "F" logo on them. The man's left arm is crossed over his body and his right is out of the picture. There is a black and orange glove on his left hand.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/5e/BarryBonds1993.jpg/220px-BarryBonds1993.jpg)
![A Hispanic man walking while shouting at someone out of the picture. His helmet is emblazoned with a white "N" and "Y" intertwined, and "NEW YORK" is stitched in black letters across his button-down jersey. The player is holding a black baseball bat almost vertically with black, gray, and white gloves.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/bf/Alex_Rodriguez_Talking.jpg/220px-Alex_Rodriguez_Talking.jpg)
![A right-handed batter is at the plate, looking toward the pitcher's mound. Wearing a red uniform and white pants, there is a crowd behind him with jerseys of various colors.](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/56/DSC05863_Albert_Pujols.jpg/220px-DSC05863_Albert_Pujols.jpg)
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/b/ba/Josh_Donaldson_on_September_30%2C_2015.jpg/220px-Josh_Donaldson_on_September_30%2C_2015.jpg)
Key
Year | Links to the article about the corresponding Major League Baseball season |
---|---|
† | Member of the National Baseball Hall of Fame as a player[125][126] |
^ | Denotes player who is still active[a] |
§ | Unanimous selection[b][3] |
Player (X) | Denotes winning player and number of times they had won the award at that point |
* | Team won League Pennant |
P | Pitcher (RHP indicates right-handed; LHP indicates left-handed) |
C | Catcher |
1B | First baseman |
2B | Second baseman |
3B | Third baseman |
SS | Shortstop |
OF | Outfielder |
DH | Designated hitter |
See also
- "Esurance MLB Awards" Best Major Leaguer (in MLB; all positions) (there are also Best Hitter and Best Pitcher awards (in MLB))
- "Players Choice Awards" Player of the Year (in MLB; all positions) (there are also Outstanding Player and Outstanding Pitcher awards (in each league))
- Baseball America Major League Player of the Year (in MLB; all positions)
- Baseball Digest Player of the Year (in MLB; position players only; from 1969 to 1993, included all positions; in 1994, a separate Pitcher of the Year award was added)
- Best Major League Baseball Player ESPY Award (in MLB; all positions)
- The Sporting News Most Valuable Player Award (in each league) (discontinued in 1946)
- Sporting News Player of the Year (in MLB; position players only)
- List of Major League Baseball awards
- Baseball awards
Notes
- a A player is considered inactive if he has announced his retirement or not played for a full season.
- b A unanimous victory indicates that the player received all possible first-place votes.
- c Torre is a member of the Hall of Fame, but not as a player. He was inducted in 2014 as a manager.[127]
- d Hernandez and Stargell both received 216 points in the 1979 voting.[12]
References
- ^ a b "Landis, Kenesaw". National Baseball Hall of Fame and Museum. Archived from the original on 2011-11-22. Retrieved 2011-11-22.
{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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suggested) (help) - ^ Gillette, Gary; Palmer, Pete (2007). The ESPN Baseball Encyclopedia (Fourth ed.). New York: Sterling Publishing Co. p. 1763. ISBN 978-1-4027-4771-7.
- ^ a b c d e f g h Gillette & Palmer, pp. 1764–1765
- ^ Kepner, Tyler (September 4, 2011). "Where Do You Find Value? Discussing the M.V.P. Criteria". The New York Times. p. SP3. Archived from the original on October 27, 2014. Retrieved September 6, 2011.
{{cite news}}
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- ^ a b c "Major League Baseball's Most Valuable Player Award Winners". Baseball Digest. 59 (12). Evanston, Illinois: Century Publishing Co.: 86–89 December 2000. ISSN 0005-609X. Retrieved December 29, 2009.
- ^ "Walter Johnson Statistics and History". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on 2018-05-08. Retrieved 2016-01-23.
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- ^ Schwartz, Larry. "He was a pain ... but a great pain". ESPN.com. Archived from the original on October 3, 2009. Retrieved January 19, 2010.
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- ^ Gould, Alan (December 8, 1929). "Rogers Hornsby Voted Most Valuable Player in National League". Reading Eagle. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1980". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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ignored (|url-status=
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1982". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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ignored (|url-status=
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ignored (|url-status=
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ignored (|url-status=
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1987". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1988". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on March 28, 2009. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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ignored (|url-status=
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ignored (|url-status=
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1991". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on April 10, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1992". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on April 6, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1993". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on April 14, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1994". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on May 9, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1995". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on April 18, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1996". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on February 23, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1997". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on April 9, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1998". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on April 14, 2008. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 1999". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on February 23, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2000". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on August 31, 2009. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2001". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on February 10, 2009. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ a b "Albert Pujols of St. Louis Cardinals is unanimous National League MVP". ESPN. The Associated Press. November 25, 2009. Archived from the original on February 9, 2010. Retrieved July 14, 2010.
{{cite news}}
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2002". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2003". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on February 23, 2011. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2004". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on January 9, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2005". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on January 4, 2010. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2006". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on February 14, 2009. Retrieved December 28, 2009.
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ignored (|url-status=
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
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: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "Baseball Awards Voting for 2009". Baseball-Reference.com. Archived from the original on November 22, 2009. Retrieved December 3, 2009.
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ignored (|url-status=
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ignored (|url-status=
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ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help) - ^ "YadierMolina". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved March 13, 2013.
- ^ "Miguel Cabrera Goes Back-to-Back". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
- ^ "Andrew McCutchen Wins Pirates' 1st MVP since 1992". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved November 14, 2013.
- ^ "Mike Trout, Angels". Baseball Writers' Association of America. Retrieved January 19, 2015.
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ignored (|url-status=
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ignored (|url-status=
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{{cite web}}
: Unknown parameter|deadurl=
ignored (|url-status=
suggested) (help)
External links
- Most Valuable Player MVP Awards & Cy Young Awards Winners (1911–present) (and "Multiple Winners of the MVP and Cy Young Awards"). Baseball-Reference.com. Retrieved 2016-11-07.