Shiloh National Military Park
| Shiloh National Military Park | |
|---|---|
    | |
| Location | Shiloh, Hardin County, Tennessee & Corinth, Mississippi, USA |
| Nearest city | Savannah, Tennessee |
| Coordinates | 35°08′19″N 88°20′32″W / 35.13861°N 88.34222°W |
| Area | 3,996.64 acres (16.1738 km2) |
| Established | December 27, 1894 |
| Visitors | 315,296 (in 2005) |
| Governing body | National Park Service |
| Website | Shiloh National Military Park |
| Shiloh National Battlefield | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Governing body | National Park Service |
Shiloh National Military Park preserves the American Civil War Shiloh and Corinth battlefields. The main section of the park is in the unincorporated town of Shiloh, about nine miles (14 km) south of Savannah, Tennessee, with an additional area located in the city of Corinth, Mississippi, 23 miles (37 km) southwest of Shiloh. The Battle of Shiloh began a six-month struggle for the key railroad junction at Corinth. Afterward, Union forces marched from Pittsburg Landing to take Corinth in a May siege, then withstood an October Confederate counter-attack.
The visitor center provides exhibitions, films and a self-guided Auto Tour.
Shiloh battlefield
The Battle of Shiloh was one of the first major battles in the Western Theater of the American Civil War. The two-day battle, April 6 and April 7, 1862, involved about 65,000 Union troops under Ulysses S. Grant and Don Carlos Buell and 44,000 Confederates under Albert Sidney Johnston (killed in the battle) and P.G.T. Beauregard. The battle resulted in nearly 24,000 killed, wounded, and missing. The two days of fighting did not end in a decisive tactical victory for either side —the Union held the battlefield but failed to pursue the withdrawing Confederate forces. However, it was a decisive strategic defeat for the Confederate forces that had massed to oppose Grant's and Buell's invasion through Tennessee. After the Battle of Shiloh, the Union forces proceeded to capture Corinth and the critical railroad junction there.
The battlefield is named after Shiloh Methodist Church, a small log church near Pittsburg Landing, Tennessee. Pittsburg Landing is the point on the Tennessee River where the Union forces landed for the battle; they referred to the battle as "The Battle of Pittsburg Landing".[1]
- Shiloh Military Park Landmarks
-
Iowa Monument -
The Sunken Road -
Confederate Memorial -
Shiloh National Cemetery
Park information
- Total area: 3,996.64 acres (16.173 km2)
- Federal area: 3,941.64 acres (15.951 km2)
- Nonfederal area: 55 acres (0.22 km2)
The Shiloh National Military Park was established on December 27, 1894. In 1904, Basil Wilson Duke was appointed commissioner of Shiloh National Military Park by President Theodore Roosevelt. There were requests of local farmers who had grown tired of their pigs rooting up the remains of soldiers that had fallen during the battle, insisting that the federal government do something about it. The park was transferred from the War Department to the National Park Service on August 10, 1933. As with all historic areas administered by the National Park Service, the military park was listed on the National Register of Historic Places on October 15, 1966. On September 22, 2000, sites associated with the Corinth battlefield (see First and Second Battles of Corinth) were added to the park. The Siege and Battle of Corinth Sites was designated a National Historic Landmark on May 6, 1991.[2][2][3] The National Park Travelers Club held its 2013 convention at Shiloh.[4] The Civil War Trust (a division of the American Battlefield Trust) and its federal, state and local partners have acquired and preserved 1,317 acres (5.33 km2) of the battlefield in more than 25 different transactions since 2001. Most of this land has been sold or conveyed to the National Park Service and incorporated into the park.[5]
Visitor center
Permanent exhibitions, films, displays and self-guided 12-mile Auto Tour, stopping at the Peach Orchard, the Hornet’s Nest and General Johnston’s death site.
Shiloh National Cemetery
Shiloh National Cemetery is in the northeast corner of the park[6] adjacent to the visitor center and bookstore. Buried within its 20.09 acres (81,300 m2) are 3584 Union dead (of whom 2357 are unknown), who were re-interred in the cemetery created after the war, in 1866. There are two Confederate dead interred in the cemetery. The cemetery operations were transferred from War Department to the National Park Service in 1933. An unknown number of Confederate dead are interred in mass graves in the park.
Shiloh Indian Mounds Site
The Shiloh battlefield has within its boundaries the well preserved prehistoric Shiloh Indian Mounds Site, which is also a National Historic Landmark. The site was inhabited during the Early Mississippian period from about 1000 to 1450 CE.[7]
See also
References
- ^ Known Southern History
- ^ a b "Siege and Battle of Corinth Sites". National Historic Landmark summary listing. National Park Service. Archived from the original on June 6, 2011. Retrieved October 24, 2007.
{{cite web}}: Unknown parameter|deadurl=ignored (|url-status=suggested) (help) - ^ Paul Hawke; Cecil McKithan; Tom Hensley; Jack Elliott; Edwin C. Bearss (January 8, 1991). "National Register of Historic Places Registration: Siege and Battle of Corinth Sites" (PDF). National Park Service. Retrieved June 22, 2009.
{{cite journal}}: Cite journal requires|journal=(help); Unknown parameter|last-author-amp=ignored (|name-list-style=suggested) (help) and Accompanying 15 photos, from 19 90. (1.70 MB) - ^ National Park Travelers Club 2013 Convention Preview. NPTC. Retrieved July 21, 2012.
- ^ [1] American Battlefield Trust "Saved Land" webpage. Accessed May 25, 2018.
- ^ U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Shiloh National Cemetery at 35°09′02″N 88°19′12″W / 35.15056°N 88.32000°W
- ^ Paul D. Welch (2005). Archaeology at Shiloh Indian Mounds, 1899-1999. University of Alabama Press. ISBN 978-0-8173-1481-1.
- The National Parks: Index 2001-2003. Washington: U.S. Department of the Interior.
External links
- NPS website: Shiloh National Military Park
- Civil War Trails
- NPS Shiloh Auto Tour Map linked to photo galleries
- Guide to records (appropriations and expenditures) for Shiloh National Cemetery, 1913 - 1933
- Guide to records (general administrative files) of Shiloh National Military Park
- Guide to records (register of visitors) to Shiloh National Cemetery, 1891-1932
- U.S. Geological Survey Geographic Names Information System: Shiloh National Military Park
- Shiloh National Military Park at Find a Grave
| Topics | |
|---|---|
| Lists by state |
|
| Lists by insular areas | |
| Lists by associated state | |
| Other areas | |
| Related | |
- IUCN Category III
- Protected areas established in 1894
- Protected areas of Alcorn County, Mississippi
- Battlefields of the Western Theater of the American Civil War
- Archaeological sites in Tennessee
- Protected areas of Hardin County, Tennessee
- National Battlefields and Military Parks of the United States
- National Historic Landmarks in Tennessee
- Cemeteries on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
- National Historic Landmarks in Mississippi
- Museums in Hardin County, Tennessee
- American Civil War museums in Tennessee
- Native American museums in Tennessee
- Archaeological museums in Tennessee
- National Park Service areas in Mississippi
- Parks in Mississippi
- National Park Service areas in Tennessee
- 1894 establishments in the United States
- Conflict sites on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee
- National Register of Historic Places in Hardin County, Tennessee
- American Civil War on the National Register of Historic Places
- Parks on the National Register of Historic Places in Tennessee