Shmuel Schneersohn
- "Maharash" redirect here, for the 17th century Polish rabbi, see Meir Wahl
Shmuel Schneersohn | |
|---|---|
| Title | Lubavitcher Rebbe |
| Personal | |
| Born | 17 March 1834 OS |
| Died | 14 September 1882 OS Lyubavichi, Russian Empire |
| Religion | Judaism |
| Parents |
|
| Jewish leader | |
| Predecessor | Menachem Mendel Schneersohn |
| Successor | Sholom Dovber Schneersohn |
| Dynasty | Chabad Lubavitch |
Shmuel Schneersohn (or Rabbi Shmuel of Lubavitch or The Rebbe Maharash) (17 March 1834 – 14 September 1882 OS) was an Orthodox rabbi and the fourth Rebbe (spiritual leader) of the Chabad Lubavitch chasidic movement.
Biography
Schneersohn was born in Lyubavichi, on 2 Iyar 1834, the seventh son of the Tzemach Tzedek. He faced competition from three of his brothers, primarily from Rabbi Yehuda Leib Schneersohn who established a dynasty in Kapust upon their father's death. Other brothers also established dynasties in Lyady, Nizhyn, and Ovruch.[1]
In 1848 Schneersohn was married to the daughter of his brother, Rabbi Chaim Shneur Zalman Schneersohn. After several months she died, and he then married the Rebbetzin Rivkah, a granddaughter of Rabbi Dovber Schneuri, the Mitteler Rebbe. He had three sons, Rabbi Zalmman Aharon, Rabbi Sholom Dovber and Rabbi Menachem Mendel as well as one daughter, Devorah Leah.
Schneersohn was said to have had chariots on call for the evacuation of books in time of fire.[2]
Besides his communal activism, he had wide intellectual interests. He spoke several languages, including Latin.[3] He wrote widely on a range of religious and secular topics, and much of his writing has never been published and remains in manuscript form alone.[3] His discourses began to be published for the first time under the title Likkutei Torat Shmuel in 1945 by Kehot, and 12 volumes have so far been printed.[3]
He passed away in Lyubavichi, on 13 Tishrei 1882, leaving four sons and two daughters, and was succeeded by his son Sholom Dovber.[3]
Schneersohn urged the study of Kabbalah as a prerequisite for one's humanity:
A person who is capable of comprehending the seder hishtalshelus (kabbalistic secrets concerning the coming-into-being of all existence every moment) - and fails to do so - cannot be considered a human being. At every moment and time one must know where his soul stands. It is a mitzvah (commandment) and an obligation to know the seder hishtalshelus.[4]
Aphorisms
"The world says, 'If you can't crawl under, climb over.' But I say, Lechatchilah Ariber--'At the outset, one should climb over.'"[5]
Part of a series on Chabad Rebbes - Shneur Zalman of Liadi (Alter Rebbe)
- Dovber Schneuri (Mitteler Rebbe)
- Menachem M. Schneersohn (Tzemach Tzedek)
- Shmuel Schneersohn (Maharash)
- Sholom Dovber Schneersohn (Rashab)
- Yosef Yitzchak Schneersohn (Rayatz)
- Menachem M. Schneerson (the Rebbe)
Places and landmarks Holidays Organizations Schools Texts Practices and concepts Chabad offshoots "You cannot fool God; ultimately, you cannot fool others either. The only one you can fool is yourself. And to fool a fool is no great achievement."[6]
References
- ^ Sefer HaToldot Rav Shmuel, Admor Maharash, Glitzenstein, A. H.
- ^ The Messiah of Brooklyn: Understanding Lubavitch Hasidim Past and Present, M. Avrum Ehrlich, ch.16 note.12, KTAV Publishing, ISBN 0-88125-836-9
- ^ a b c d Encyclopedia of Hasidism, entry: Schneersohn, Shmuel. Naftali Lowenthal. Aronson, London 1996. ISBN 1-56821-123-6
- ^ Sefer HaToldos Admur Maharash
- ^ Explanation of the Lubavitcher Rebbe
- ^ The Nechama Greisman Anthology
External links
- A biography of The Rebbe Maharash - Rabbi Shmuel Schneersohn
- Family Tree
- Sefer Toras Shmuel by Rabbi Shmuel Schneersohn
Shneur Zalman[i]
(1745–1812)Shterna Shalom Shachna[ii] Devorah Leah
(d. 1792)Dovber[iii]
(1773–1827)Sheina Menachem Mendel[iv]
(1789–1866)Chaya Mushka
(d. 1860)Baruch Shalom
(1805–1869)Shmuel[v]
(1834–1882)Yosef Yizchak[vi]
(1822–1876)Yisroel Noah[vii]
(1815–1883)Chaim Schneur Zalman[viii]
(d. 1879)Yehuda Leib[ix]
(1811–1866)Levi Yitzchak
(1834–1878)Shalom Dovber[x]
(1860–1920)Shterna Sara
(1860–1942)Avraham
(1860–1937)Yitzchak Dovber[xi]
(1833–1910)Shlomo Zalman[xii]
(1830–1900)Shalom Dovber[xiii]
(d. 1908)Shmaryahu Noah[xiv]
(1842–1924)Baruch Schneur
(d. 1926)Yosef Yitzchak[xv]
(1880–1950)Nechama Dina
(1881–1971)Levi Yitzchak[xvi]
(d. 1904)Levi Yitzchak
(1878–1944)Chana
(1880–1964)Menachem Mendel[xvii]
(1902–1994)Chaya Mushka
(1901–1988)Light purple indicates a Hasidic Rebbe of the Chabad-Kapust dynastyLight orange indicates a Hasidic Rebbe of the Chabad-Niezhin dynastyLight blue indicates a Hasidic Rebbe of the Chabad-Liadi dynastyLight yellow indicates a Hasidic Rebbe of Avrutch dynastySolid lines indicate parents/children, dashed lines show marriages, dotted lines show in-laws. Additional members of Schneersohn family are not listed here
Notes: - ^ Founder and first Rebbe of Chabad, known as Shneur Zalman of Liady
- ^ Surname Altschuler
- ^ 2nd Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Dovber Schneuri and the Middle Rebbe
- ^ 3rd Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Tzemach Tzedek, first to assume the surname "Schneersohn"
- ^ 4th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Maharash
- ^ Rebbe in Avrutch
- ^ 1st Rebbe of Chabad-Niezhin
- ^ 1st Rebbe of Chabad-Liadi
- ^ 1st Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust, known as Maharil of Kapust
- ^ 5th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Rashab
- ^ 2nd Rebbe of Chabad-Liadi, known as Maharid
- ^ 2rd Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust
- ^ 3rd Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust, known as Rashab of Rechitsa
- ^ 4th Rebbe of Chabad-Kapust
- ^ 6th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, known as Rayatz
- ^ 3rd Rebbe of Chabad-Liadi, Levi Yitzchak Guterman, son-in-law of Chaim Schneur Zalman Schneersohn
- ^ 7th Rebbe of Chabad-Lubavitch, uses the spelling of "Schneerson"
References: - Schneersohn, Yosef Yitzchak; Schneerson, Menachem Mendel (2005). Hayom Yom: Bilingual Edition. Brooklyn, NY: Kehot Publication Society. ISBN 0-8266-0669-5.
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