Talk:Hyacinth macaw

Pets

I disagree with this articles discussion and potential encouragement of pet ownership of a possibly endangered species. While I am sure there are some in loving homes receiving good care, Hyacinth Macaws like all large parrots, are not domesticated animals, and difficult to care for. Many avian veterinarians, including myself, frown upon the ownership of these wild animals. Conservation groups such as those already mentioned in the article are working hard to prevent the export of these animals and try to greatly discourage people from buying wild caught parrots. The Association of Avian Veterinarians is also of the same opinion. While importation of these animals may not be illegal in some states, it is considered by many in the animal care industry to be irresponsible at best. As a veterinarian, I think the discussion of pet care in this article should be deleted. Jensteve2000 (talk) 00:04, 25 November 2007 (UTC)

1. I disagree that the care section be deleted. I don't think that encourages people to take a Hyacinth as a pet -- the price barrier alone would often do that. Some readers may be genuinely interested in what is required to care for the animal in captivity without ever considering seeking one out as a pet. Perhaps massaging the language a little bit to change it from "pet care" to "captive care" (analogous to care sections for zoo animals that are not normally pets) would suffice?

2. It is illegal to import wild caught parrots into the USA - this is a federal law.

3. I'm not entirely sure discouraging the proliferation of the already existing captive population is a good idea. It may very well be that the wild population goes completely extinct in the future, at which point the only hope of restoring the wild population would be from the captive population's offspring. Keeping the species going is incredibly important!! The key is to make sure that these breeding birds are all decendents of the existing captive population and to not bring in ANY more horny birds (which I believe was your point, but it wasn't completely clear to me). But this is really getting into a political issue and it's probably not appropriate for this wikipedia article unless research is done from respectable citable sources. (my two cents) Thx1200 (talk) 04:18, 6 December 2007 (UTC)pkdfn

The statement about trade in hyacinths being illegal is too vague. In the US, import/export without a permit is illegal. However, trade in hyacinths within the US is governed by state laws. Using Texas as an example because I live here, trade in hyacinths within the state is legal. A band isn't even required.

I have owned a Hyacinth Macaw for the past 15 years and can describe the behavour of this hand-raised bird in many situations.

First, I take exception to the statement that the powerful beak can disassemble a wrought-iron cage. This is absolutely false and misleading. This bird, although both powerful and gentle, cannot break the welds of a properly constructed cage. A reference that a "wire-cage" is not an suitable enclosure would be more accurate. An appropriate cage would be made from stainless or electroplated steel with 3/16" bars on 2" centers. Also, a properly designed safe cage would not bring any bars into a "V" configuration. Although this "fan" design is visually attractive, it is a dangerous trap where a bird can slide it's leg or head into the crevice. Unattended, this may lead to broken bones or death.

K0rc 17:25, 19 June 2007 (UTC)k0rc

9-7-18 The Blue Macaw is Extinct Jakxhxb (talk) 03:45, 8 September 2018 (UTC)

Web of Science resutls

27 results for "Hyacinth Macaw" as search term. Casliber (talk · contribs) 21:53, 30 July 2011 (UTC)

1

Title: Comparison of Biochemical Values of Paired Serum and Plasma Samples from American Flamingos (Phoenicopterus ruber), Indian Runner Ducks (Anas platyrhynchos), and Hyacinth Macaws (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) Author(s): Franco Keri H.; Hoover John P.; Backues Kay A.; et al. Source: JOURNAL OF EXOTIC PET MEDICINE Volume: 19 Issue: 2 Pages: 169-176 DOI: 10.1053/j.jepm.2010.06.003 Published: APR 2010 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

2. Title: Detection of Mycoplasma gallisepticum in Dead Captive Psittacines in Belo Horizonte, Brazil Author(s): Gomes A. M.; Costa L. L.; Vilela D. A. R.; et al. Source: BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF POULTRY SCIENCE Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Pages: 75-78 Published: APR 2010 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

3. Title: CLINICAL PATHOLOGY AND PARASITOLOGIC EVALUATION OF FREE-LIVING NESTLINGS OF THE HYACINTH MACAW (ANODORHYNCHUS HYACINTHINUS) Author(s): Allgayer M. C.; Guedes N. M. R.; Chiminazzo C.; et al. Source: JOURNAL OF WILDLIFE DISEASES Volume: 45 Issue: 4 Pages: 972-981 Published: OCT 2009 Times Cited: 1 (from Web of Science)

 Done added Casliber (talk · contribs) 20:59, 1 August 2011 (UTC)

4:Title: Means to an end: Neotropical parrots manage to pull strings to meet their goals Author(s): Schuck-Paim Cynthia; Borsari Andressa; Ottoni Eduardo B. Source: ANIMAL COGNITION Volume: 12 Issue: 2 Pages: 287-301 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-008-0190-z Published: MAR 2009 Times Cited: 5 (from Web of Science)

5:Title: Salmonella Braenderup isolation in Hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) Author(s): Allgayer Mariangela Costa; de Oliveira Sergio Jose; Mottin Vanessa Daniele; et al. Source: CIENCIA RURAL Volume: 39 Issue: 8 Pages: 2542-2545 DOI: 10.1590/S0103-84782009005000171 Published: 2009 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

6.Title: Do the results of ecological research contribute for biodiversity conservation of the Pantanal? The Hyacinth Macaw case Author(s): dos Santos Junior Antonio Source: NATUREZA & CONSERVACAO Volume: 6 Issue: 2 Pages: 133-138 Published: OCT 2008 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

7.Title: Bronchogenic Adenocarcinoma in a Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) Author(s): Baumgartner Wes A.; Guzman David Sanchez-Migallon; Hollibush Shawn; et al. Source: JOURNAL OF AVIAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY Volume: 22 Issue: 3 Pages: 218-225 DOI: 10.1647/2007-052.1 Published: SEP 2008 Times Cited: 2 (from Web of Science)

8. Title: Genetic variation and population structure of the endangered Hyacinth Macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus): implications for conservation Author(s): Faria Patricia J.; Guedes Neiva M. R.; Yamashita Carlos; et al. Source: BIODIVERSITY AND CONSERVATION Volume: 17 Issue: 4 Pages: 765-779 DOI: 10.1007/s10531-007-9312-1 Published: APR 2008 Times Cited: 1 (from Web of Science)

9. Title: Conservation puzzle: Endangered hyacinth macaw depends on its nest predator for reproduction Author(s): Pizo Marco Aurelio; Donatti Camila I.; Guedes Neiva Maria R.; et al. Source: BIOLOGICAL CONSERVATION Volume: 141 Issue: 3 Pages: 792-796 DOI: 10.1016/j.biocon.2007.12.023 Published: MAR 2008 Times Cited: 3 (from Web of Science)

10. Title: Nesting of the Collared forest-falcon Micrastur semitorquatus (Ayes : Falconidae) in the Pantanal, Brazil: biometry, nestling diet and competition with macaws Author(s): Carrara Lucas Aguiar; Zuquim Antas Paulo de Tarso; Yabe Regina de Souza Source: REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE ORNITOLOGIA Volume: 15 Issue: 1 Pages: 85-93 Published: MAR 2007 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

11. Title: Bronchogenic carcinoma in a hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) Author(s): Guzman David Sanchez-Migallon; Baumgartner Wes; Hollibush Shawn; et al. Editor(s): Bergman E Conference: 28th Annual Conference and Expo with the Association-of-Exotic-Mammal-Veterinarians Location: Providence, RI Date: AUG 06-09, 2007 Sponsor(s): Assoc Exot Mammal Vet Source: PROCEEDINGS OF THE ASSOCIATION OF AVIAN VETERINARIANS 28TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE AND EXPO Pages: 329-330 Published: 2007 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

12. Title: Chlamydophila psittaci in free-living Blue-fronted Amazon parrots (Amazona aestiva) and Hyacinth macaws (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) in the Pantanal of Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil Author(s): de Freitas Raso Tania; Helena Fernandes Seixas Glaucia; Maria Robaldo Guedes Neiva; et al. Source: VETERINARY MICROBIOLOGY Volume: 117 Issue: 2-4 Pages: 235-241 DOI: 10.1016/j.vetmic.2006.06.025 Published: OCT 31 2006 Times Cited: 4 (from Web of Science)

13. Title: Radio tracking adult Hyacinth Macaws in the Pantanal, central Brazil Author(s): Antas P. T. Z.; Carrara L. A.; Yabe R. S. Source: JOURNAL OF ORNITHOLOGY Volume: 147 Issue: 5 Supplement: 1 Pages: 128-129 Published: AUG 2006 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

14. Title: Molecular markers for population genetic analyses in the family Psittacidae (Psittaciformes, Aves) Author(s): Faria PJ; Miyaki CY Source: GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Volume: 29 Issue: 2 Pages: 231-240 Published: 2006 Times Cited: 2 (from Web of Science)

15. Title: Circulating concentrations of vitamins A and E in captive Psittacine birds Author(s): Torregrossa AM; Puschner B; Tell L; et al. Source: JOURNAL OF AVIAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY Volume: 19 Issue: 3 Pages: 225-229 DOI: 10.1647/2004-004.1 Published: SEP 2005 Times Cited: 2 (from Web of Science)

16. Title: Preliminary observations of tool use in captive hyacinth macaws (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) Author(s): Borsari A; Ottoni EB Source: ANIMAL COGNITION Volume: 8 Issue: 1 Pages: 48-52 DOI: 10.1007/s10071-004-0221-3 Published: JAN 2005 Times Cited: 8 (from Web of Science)

17. Title: Psittacid herpesviruses associated with mucosal papillomas in neotropical parrots Author(s): Styles DK; Tomaszewski EK; Jaeger LA; et al. Source: VIROLOGY Volume: 325 Issue: 1 Pages: 24-35 DOI: 10.1016/j.virol.2004.04.033 Published: JUL 20 2004 Times Cited: 10 (from Web of Science)

18. Title: Management and conservation of the large macaws in the wild Author(s): Guedes NMR Conference: 7th Neotropical Ornithological Congress Location: Puyehue, CHILE Date: OCT 05-11, 2003 Source: ORNITOLOGIA NEOTROPICAL Volume: 15 Supplement: S Pages: 279-283 Published: 2004 Times Cited: 2 (from Web of Science)

 [  View abstract ]
19. 

Title: Karyotype description of two Neotropical Psittacidae species: the endangered Hyacinth Macaw, Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus, and the Hawk-headed Parrot, Deroptyus accipitrinus (Psittaciformes : Aves), and its significance for conservation plans Author(s): Lunardi VD; Francisco MR; Rocha GT; et al. Source: GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Volume: 26 Issue: 3 Pages: 283-287 Published: SEP 2003 Times Cited: 2 (from Web of Science)

 [  View abstract ]
20. 

Title: Hematologic and biochemical changes caused by commonly used anticoagulants on hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) blood over time Author(s): White JM; Harr KE; Raskin RE Editor(s): Bergman E Conference: 24th Annual Conference and Expo of the Association-of-Avian-Veterinarians Location: PITTSBURGH, PA Date: AUG 26-28, 2003 Sponsor(s): Assoc Avian Vet Source: TAKE FLIGHT IN PITTSBURGH, PROCEEDINGS Pages: 385-386 Published: 2003 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

21. 

Title: Lactobacillus psittaci sp nov., isolated from a hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) Author(s): Lawson PA; Wacher C; Hansson I; et al. Source: INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF SYSTEMATIC AND EVOLUTIONARY MICROBIOLOGY Volume: 51 Pages: 967-970 Part: Part 3 Published: MAY 2001 Times Cited: 4 (from Web of Science)

 [  View abstract ]
22. 

Title: Comparative electrocardiography in four species of macaws (genera Anodorhynchus and Ara) Author(s): Casares M; Enders F; Montoya JA Source: JOURNAL OF VETERINARY MEDICINE SERIES A-PHYSIOLOGY PATHOLOGY CLINICAL MEDICINE Volume: 47 Issue: 5 Pages: 277-281 DOI: 10.1046/j.1439-0442.2000.00286.x Published: JUN 2000 Times Cited: 9 (from Web of Science)

 [  View abstract ]
23. 

Title: The Hyacinth Macaw project - Piaui, Brasil Author(s): Bowles H Editor(s): Marx KL; Roston MA Conference: 18th Annual Conference on Avian Medicine and Surgery Location: CLINTON, MD Date: APR 27-29, 1997 Sponsor(s): Mid-Atlantic States Assoc Avian Vet Source: PROCEEDINGS OF THE 18TH ANNUAL CONFERENCE ON AVIAN MEDICINE AND SURGERY Pages: 111-112 Published: 1997 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

24. 

Title: 2 PLAYS - A 'MURDER OF CROWS' AND THE 'HYACINTH MACAW' - WELLMAN,M Author(s): BENNETT E Source: THEATER Volume: 25 Issue: 3 Pages: 94-96 Published: 1995 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

25. 

Title: 2 PLAYS - A MURDER OF CROWS AND THE HYACINTH MACAW - WELLMAN,M Author(s): MCCLEMONT D Source: LIBRARY JOURNAL Volume: 119 Issue: 16 Pages: 81-81 Published: OCT 1 1994 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

26. 

Title: CHRONIC NOCARDIA INFECTION IN A HYACINTH MACAW Author(s): BREADNER S Editor(s): Kornelsen MJ Conference: 1994 Annual Conference of the Association-of-Avian-Veterinarians Location: RENO, NV Date: SEP 28-30, 1994 Sponsor(s): ASSOC AVIAN VETERINARIANS Source: MAIN CONFERENCE PROCEEDINGS - ASSOCIATION OF AVIAN VETERINARIANS Pages: 283-286 Published: 1994 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

27. 

Title: HEMATOLOGIC AND SERUM CHEMISTRY VALUES OF CAPTIVE HYACINTH MACAWS (ANODORHYNCHUS-HYACINTHINUS) Author(s): CALLE PP; STEWART CA Source: JOURNAL OF ZOO ANIMAL MEDICINE Volume: 18 Issue: 2-3 Pages: 98-99 DOI: 10.2307/20460249 Published: 1987 Times Cited: 4 (from Web of Science)

Extra one using genus as search term:

Title: Comparative analysis of microsatellite variability in five macaw species (Psittaciformes, Psittacidae): Application for conservation Author(s): Presti Flavia T.; Oliveira-Marques Adriana R.; Caparroz Renato; et al. Source: GENETICS AND MOLECULAR BIOLOGY Volume: 34 Issue: 2 Pages: 348-352 Published: 2011 Times Cited: 0 (from Web of Science)

From ARKive. 1 August 2011.

Copied from ARKive from Hyacinth macaw (Anodorhynchus hyacinthinus) (formatted for rendering in Wiki mark-up format). This blockquote copied from ARKive is licensed under the Creative Commons Attribution-ShareAlike 3.0 Unported License but not under the GFDL. Snowman (talk) 18:42, 1 August 2011 (UTC)

Facts

• Spanish: Guacamayo Azul, Guacamayo Jacinto
• Kingdom Animalia
• Phylum Chordata
• Class Aves
• Order Psittaciformes
• Family Psittacidae
• Genus Anodorhynchus (1)
• Size Length: 100 cm (2)

Status

Classified as Endangered (EN - A1bcd+2bcd) on the IUCN Red List 2002 (1), listed on Appendix II of CITES (3).

Description

Hyacinth macaws are the largest parrots in the world, reaching a massive 100 cm in length (4). They have striking cobalt blue feathers, contrasting with the bare yellow eye ring and yellow patch of skin next to the lower bill (4). The tail is particularly long (2), and the powerful black bill is deeply curved and pointed (4).

Range

The hyacinth macaw occurs in three distinct areas in South America, mainly in Brazil. It is found in east Amazonia, east-central Brazil, and in the Pantanal region of southwest Brazil reaching into Bolivia and Paraguay (2).

Habitat In different areas of their range these parrots are found in savannah grasslands, in dry thorn forest known as 'caatinga', and in palm stands (2). The Pantanal is a vast area of swampland formed by the flooding of the Paraguay basin; here, hyacinth macaws are found amongst palm-savannahs (2).

Biology

Nesting takes place between July and December, nests are constructed in tree cavities or cliff faces depending on the habitat (2). In the Pantanal region, 90% of nests are constructed in manduvi trees; existing holes are enlarged and then filled with sawdust (5). Clutches of 2 eggs are commonly laid, although only one chick will usually survive to maturity (5). The incubation period lasts about a month, and the male will tend to his mate whilst she incubates the eggs (5). Although fledging occurs when the chicks are around 3 months old they remain dependent on their parents until 6 months of age (5).

The majority of the hyacinth macaw diet is comprised of nuts from native palms, such as acuri and bocaiuva palms (5). The acuri nut is so hard that the parrots cannot feed on it until it has passed through the digestive system of cattle (5).

Threats

Hyacinth macaw numbers are in decline as a result of habitat loss and over-collection for the illegal pet trade. In the 1980s, it is estimated that at least 10,000 birds were taken from the wild (2). Throughout the macaw’s range, habitat is being lost or altered due to the introduction of cattle ranching and mechanised agriculture, and the development of hydroelectric schemes (2).

Conservation

The hyacinth macaw is protected by law in Brazil and international trade is prohibited by its listing on Appendix I of the Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species (CITES) (2). There are a number of long-term studies and conservation initiatives in place; the Hyacinth Macaw Project in the Brazilian State of Mato Grosso do Sul, has carried out important research by ringing individual birds and has created a number of artificial nests to compensate for the small percentage of sites available in the region (5). The effective enforcement of protection laws is required if this beautiful parrot is going to be saved from the fate of the other Brazilian parrots, Lear's (Anodorhynchus leari) and Spix's macaw (Cyanopsitta spixii), which now teeter on the brink of extinction.

• View information on this species at the UNEP World Conservation Monitoring Centre.
• To help conserve this species by working in the field with Earthwatch, Earthwatch Institute (Europe). click here.

For more information on the hyacinth macaw see

• BirdLife International's World Bird Database http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/search/species_search.html
• The Blue Macaws http://www.bluemacaws.org/
• WWF’s ‘Extinct’ Campaign: Hyacinth macaw http://extinct.wwf.org.uk/species/macaw.htm

Authentication

This information is awaiting authentication by a species expert, and will be updated as soon as possible. If you are able to help please contact: arkive@wildscreen.org.uk

References

• 1. IUCN Red List (April, 2003) http://www.redlist.org
• 2. BirdLife International (April, 2003) http://www.birdlife.org/datazone/search/species_search.html
• 3. CITES (April, 2003) http://www.cites.org
• 4. Foundation for the Preservation of the Hyacinth Macaw (April, 2003) http://hyacinthmacaw.org/
• 5. WWF (April, 2003) http://www.wwf.org.br/english/informa/sitearara_arara.htm

Fledging

• this book is the reference cited in this paper on the 110 day fledging period. I get "no preview" on google books for the book however. It would be a good book to borrow and check. Casliber (talk · contribs) 20:45, 1 August 2011 (UTC)

Style/Grammar

This page needs a simple going-over by a well-lettered individual to resolve what appear to be several sloppy edits.

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Semi-protected edit request on 9 September 2018

blue macaw are confirmed extinct in the wild, change conservation status to Extinct in the Wild (EW) Kl5201 (talk) 21:32, 9 September 2018 (UTC)

 Not done: please provide reliable sources that support the change you want to be made. Morphdog^talk 21:47, 9 September 2018 (UTC)

Misleading Statement That should be edited

"The largest parrot by length in the world" In other words, "the longest parrot" Very few animals are referred to as the largest when you are instead talking about length but for some reason it is the case here. The Kakapo is recognized as the "largest parrot", yet if you google largest (or biggest) parrots this article pops up because of this very misleading statement. GTB

Parrots that miss the megafauna

According to this article, Anodorhynchus macaws depend to some extent on extinct megafauna, which also correlates with their preverence for open environments. I think this is worth mentioning--AndersenAnders (talk) 13:55, 29 November 2020 (UTC)

References

Wiki Education assignment: BSC 4052 Conservation Biology

This article was the subject of a Wiki Education Foundation-supported course assignment, between 16 January 2023 and 28 April 2023. Further details are available on the course page. Student editor(s): Paightyn (article contribs). Peer reviewers: Oderdul, Captainkerme.

— Assignment last updated by Captainkerme (talk) 07:16, 12 April 2023 (UTC)