Jump to content

Tamerlan Tsarnaev

From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia

This is an old revision of this page, as edited by Americus55 (talk | contribs) at 04:53, 27 November 2016. The present address (URL) is a permanent link to this revision, which may differ significantly from the current revision.

Template:Eastern Slavic name

Tamerlan Tsarnaev
Тамерлан Анзорович Царнаев
Tsarnaev in 2009
Born
Tamerlan Anzorovich Tsarnaev[note 1]

(1986-10-21)October 21, 1986[1]
Elista, Kalmyk ASSR, Russian SFSR, Soviet Union[2][failed verification][3]
DiedApril 19, 2013(2013-04-19) (aged 26)
Watertown, Massachusetts, U.S.
Cause of deathGunshot wounds and blunt trauma
Resting placeDoswell, Virginia, U.S.[4]
CitizenshipRussian and Kyrgyz with U.S. Permanent Residence Status (application for U.S. citizenship was in progress)[5]
SpouseKarima Tsarnaev (m. 2010–2013; his death)
Children1 daughter
Parent(s)Anzor Tsarnaev and Zubeidat Tsarnaeva
Relatives1 brother (Dzhokhar)
2 sisters (Ailina and Bella)

Tamerlan Anzorovich Tsarnaev (Cyrillic: Тамерла́н Анзо́рович Царна́ев /ˌtæmərˈlɑːn ˌtsɑːrˈnaɪ.ɛf/; October 21, 1986 – April 19, 2013)[note 1] was a terrorist who, with his brother Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, planted bombs at the Boston Marathon on April 15, 2013.[1][7][8][9] The bombings killed three people and reportedly injured as many as 264 others.[10] Tsarnaev was half-Chechen and half-Avar.[11] He came to the United States in 2004.[12] At the time of the bombings, Tsarnaev was an aspiring boxer who authorities believe had recently become a follower of radical Islam.[13]

Shortly after the Federal Bureau of Investigation declared them suspects in the bombings and released images of them, the Tsarnaev brothers killed an MIT policeman, carjacked an SUV, and engaged in a shootout with the police in the Boston suburb of Watertown. According to the federal indictment, during the shootout Tsarnaev was captured but died, partly as a result of his brother driving over him, and an MBTA police officer was critically injured in the course of Dzhokhar's escape in the SUV[14] (the latter by what may have been friendly fire).[15] An injured Dzhokhar escaped, but was found, arrested, and hospitalized on the evening of April 19 after an unprecedented manhunt in which thousands of police searched a 20-block area of Watertown.[16]

During his incarceration, Tsarnaev's brother allegedly said during questioning that the pair next intended to detonate explosives in Times Square in New York City.[17] Dzhokhar reportedly also said to authorities that he and his brother were radicalized, at least in part, by watching Anwar al-Awlaki lectures.[18] ABC reported on April 23, 2013, that authorities linked Tsarnaev to an unsolved triple homicide in nearby Waltham that took place around the 10th anniversary of the September 11 attacks.[19]

Personal background

Family background

Tsarnaev's brother Dzhokhar Tsarnaev

The Tsarnaevs were forcibly moved from Chechnya to the Soviet republic of Kyrgyzstan in the years following World War II.[20] Anzor Tsarnaev is a Chechen, and Zubeidat Tsarnaeva is an Avar.[6][21][22] The couple had two sons, with Tamerlan Tsarnaev born in the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic[3] in 1986, and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, born in Kyrgyzstan in 1993.[23] The parents also have two daughters.[24][25][26] Anzor is a traditional Muslim who shuns religious extremism[27] and raised his children Muslim.[28][29][30] According to some, other Chechen Americans in the area apparently did not consider the American branch of the family to be fully Chechen because they had not ever lived in Chechnya.[23]

As children, Tsarnaev and his brother lived in Tokmok, Kyrgyzstan.[31] In 2001, the family moved to Makhachkala, Dagestan, in the Russian Federation.[32][33][34] In April 2002, the Tsarnaev parents and Dzhokhar went to the United States on a 90-day tourist visa.[35][36][37] Anzor Tsarnaev applied for asylum, citing fears of deadly persecution due to his ties to Chechnya.[38]

Tsarnaev was left in the care of his uncle Ruslan in Kyrgyzstan,[20] and arrived in the U.S. around two years later.[39] In the U.S. the parents received asylum and then filed for their four children, who received "derivative asylum status".[40] They settled on Norfolk Street in Cambridge, Massachusetts. Tsarnaev lived in Cambridge on Norfolk Street until his death.[41]

The family "was in constant transition" for the next decade.[20] Anzor and Zubeidat Tsarnaev both received welfare benefits.[42] The father worked as a backyard mechanic and the mother worked as a cosmetologist[43] until she lost her job for refusing to work in a business that served men. In March 2007, the family was granted legal permanent residence.[39]

Early life

Tamerlan Tsarnaev was born in the Kalmyk Autonomous Soviet Socialist Republic (now Kalmykia), a North Caucasus[3] unit of Russia then in the Soviet Union.[44] He was a permanent resident of the U.S.,[37] a Russian citizen and a Kyrgyz citizen.[45]

Activities prior to the bombings

2004–2007

After arriving in the U.S. he attended Cambridge Rindge and Latin School, a public high school.[46] He applied for admission at the University of Massachusetts Boston for the fall of 2006, but was rejected.[47] He attended Bunker Hill Community College part-time for three terms between 2006 and 2008, studying accounting with hopes of becoming an engineer.[33][48] He dropped out of school to concentrate on boxing.[33][49]

In 2007, Tsarnaev confronted a Brazilian youth who had dated his younger sister, Bella, for about two years, and punched him in the face. A high school friend of Bella said Tsarnaev did not approve because the boy was not a Muslim.[50]

2008

During 2008, Tsarnaev became a devout Muslim and stopped drinking and smoking (eventually becoming an extremist a year later). He began to regularly attend the Islamic Society of Boston mosque near his home in Cambridge, a mosque which Americans for Peace and Tolerance, a longtime critic of the mosque, alleges to support "a brand of Islamic thought that encourages grievances against the West, distrust of law enforcement and opposition to Western forms of government, dress and social values".[51]

In May 2008, his sister said her husband was cheating on her and beating her up. Tsarnaev flew across the country to Bellingham, Washington, to "straighten up the brains" of his brother-in-law, Khozhugov.[50]

2009

An aspiring heavyweight boxer, Tsarnaev trained at the Wai Kru Mixed Martial Arts Center, a Boston club.[49] In 2009–10, he was the New England Golden Gloves heavyweight champion, winning the Rocky Marciano Trophy.[52][53] In May 2009, he fought in the nationals in the 201-pound weight class, but lost a first-round decision.[52][54]

Tsarnaev first dated Nadine Ascencao who became his live-in girlfriend. After an incident between Ascencao and Tsarnaev, she called 911 crying hysterically and asking for help. Tsarnaev was arrested at his home at 410 Norfolk Street in Cambridge, on July 28, 2009, for aggravated domestic assault and battery.[55] The case was dismissed for lack of prosecution, but Tsarnaev's father attributed to it the delay in his eldest son gaining U.S. citizenship.[41][56][57]

Tsarnaev then dated an American, Katherine Russell, from North Kingstown, Rhode Island, on and off while she attended Suffolk University from 2007 to 2010.[58] She converted to Islam and started wearing a hijab in 2008.[59] Friends said he would shout at her that she was a "slut".[60] They described fights in which he would "fly into rages and sometimes throw furniture or throw things".[61]

The Tsarnaev brothers' uncle, Ruslan Tsarni, said he "had been concerned about his nephew being an extremist since 2009". Tsarni said that Tsarnaev's radicalization started not during his visit to Russia in January 2012, but much earlier in Boston after he was influenced by a Muslim convert known as "Misha".[62] "Misha" was later identified as Mikhail Allakhverdov, a 39-year-old from Rhode Island (originally from Azerbaijan).[63] Allakhverdov told the The New York Review of Books that he rejected violence, was not Tsarnaev's teacher, had not spoken to Tamerlan in three years and had never met his family members. Furthermore, he said that he had cooperated with a brief FBI investigation that the NYRB reported had found no ties between Allakhverdov and the attacks.[64]

2010

According to a 2010 photo essay about him in The Comment, the graduate student magazine of Boston University's College of Communications, Tsarnaev said that he was working to become a naturalized citizen in time to be selected for the U.S. Olympic boxing team. He added that he would "rather compete for the United States than for Russia",[49][53] while remarking that he "didn't understand" Americans and did not have any American friends.[49] He added that he abstained from drinking and smoking, because "God says no to alcohol"[65] and that "there are no values anymore. People can't control themselves".[66]

Pro super middleweight Edwin Rodriguez sparred with Tsarnaev in 2010, and later said that, although Tsarnaev hit hard, he lacked competitiveness and immediately complained of stomach pain and rib pain. He described Tsarnaev as arrogant but "a coward".[52] Tsarnaev's landlord said the boxer's aspirations were never met because "his back was in really bad shape and he couldn't get into the Olympics".[67] His coach and another boxer described him as talented but cool and arrogant.[68][69] Rule changes disqualified all non-US citizens from Golden Gloves boxing, ending Tsarnaev's's boxing career and Olympic hopes.[50]

According to an aunt in Dagestan, "He started to be really interested in Islam about three years ago [April 2010], but he was never a radical."[70]

In the spring of 2010, his girlfriend Katherine Russell became pregnant with their child and dropped out of college in her senior year to marry[71] Tsarnaev on June 21, 2010, in a 15-minute ceremony in an office at the Masjid Al Quran in the Dorchester area of Greater Boston.[72][73][74][75][76] Imam Taalib Mahdee said that he had not met the couple before the ceremony, and Katherine was the one who had called and asked to be married there.[73] Katherine Russel had converted to Islam after starting dating Tsarnaev and had adopted the Muslim name Karima.[77][78] The couple had a daughter, Zahara Tsarnaev, born in 2011.[79]

Tsarnaev first came to the attention of Russian security forces in December 2010 when William Plotnikov was briefly detained in Dagestan and forced to disclose his social networking contacts in North America with ties to Russia.[80]

2011

In early 2011, Russia's Federal Security Service (FSB) told the Federal Bureau of Investigation that Tsarnaev was a follower of radical Islam and a strong believer. The FSB said that he was preparing to leave the United States to travel to the Russian region to join unspecified underground groups.[81][82] The FBI initially denied that it had contacted Tsarnaev, but then said that it actually had after Tsarnaev's mother talked about the FBI's contacts with her son on RT.[83] The FBI said that it interviewed him and relatives of his, but did not find any terrorist activity, and that it provided the results in the summer of 2011.[82] At that point, the FBI asked the FSB for more information, but the Russians did not respond to the American request, and the FBI officially closed the case.[84]

Tsarnaev's mother said that FBI agents had told her they feared her son was an "extremist leader", and that he was getting information from "extremist sites".[85][86] She said Tsarnaev had been under FBI surveillance for at least three years and that "they were controlling every step of him". The FBI flatly denied this accusation.[87][88] Tsarnaev "vaguely discussed" jihad during a 2011 phone call with his mother that was taped by the FSB, and intelligence officials also discovered text messages in which his mother discussed how he was ready to die for Islam.[89] In late 2011, the Central Intelligence Agency put both Tsarnaev and his mother on its Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment database.[89][90]

Involvement in Waltham triple murder

Main article: 2011 Waltham triple murder

Two Jewish men, Erik Weissman, and Raphael Teken, as well as their roommate Brendan Mess, were killed in a triple homicide in Waltham, Massachusetts, on September 11, 2011, the 10-year anniversary of the 9/11 attacks.[19][91][92] Each victim's throat had been slit with such great force as to be nearly decapitated. Thousands of dollars worth of marijuana and cash were left covering the victims' bodies, and $5,000 was left at the scene.[93] The local district attorney said that it appeared that the killer and the victims knew each other. It was reported on April 23, 2013, that local authorities believed Tsarnaev may have been responsible for the triple homicide, and they and the FBI were actively investigating the possibility.[94][95][96][97][98] In May, forensic evidence connected the two brothers to the scene of the killings, and their cell phone records appeared to place them in the area. The officials cautioned that until more definitive DNA testing is complete, it is still too early to consider bringing an indictment against the younger of the two brothers.[99]

2012 visit to Russia, through April 2013

Visit to Russia

Tsarnaev traveled to Russia through Moscow's Domodedovo International Airport in January 2012, and returned to the U.S. in July 2012.[100] He and his wife received public assistance and food stamps from September 2011 to November 2012, which included all the time Tsarnaev was in Russia. Zubeidat Tsarnaeva said her son had wanted his wife and their child to move to Dagestan with him, and that: "She herself agreed; she said she wanted to study a different culture, language."[73]

During the six months he was overseas, he visited his family in the North Caucasus.

Tsarnaev's father said that he was with him in Makhachkala, the capital of Dagestan, for six months and that they had done ordinary things, such as visiting relatives. His father also said that they visited Chechnya twice, to see relatives there and to receive his son's new Russian passport.[22][101] While Tsarnaev arrived in Russia in January 2012, however, he only arrived in Dagestan around March, and his father arrived there in May.[102] U.S. House Homeland Security Chairman Michael McCaul said he believed that Tsarnaev received training during his trip, and became radicalized.[103] In an early report, Dagestan's interior minister Abdurashid Magomedov said through a spokesman that Tsarnaev "did not have contact with the [Islamist] underground during his visit".[104]

A distant cousin of the Tsarnaev brothers, Magomed Kartashov, is a leading intellectual figure in Dagestan's Islamist community. Zubeidat confirmed that they "became very close." Kartashov's Islamist organization, "The Union of the Just," advocates Islam as a political system under sharia law. He and Tsarnaev discussed fighting the global fight. Kartashov said the Boston bombing is "good" in that it will increase converts to Islam similar to the attacks of September 11.[105]

According to media reports, Tsarnaev was seen by Dagestan police, who were conducting surveillance, making six visits to a known Islamic militant in a Salafi mosque in Makhachkala founded by an associate of Ayman Zawahiri.[106][107][108][109] According to Russian investigative newspaper Novaya Gazeta, quoting unnamed Russian security sources, Tsarnaev was linked to 23-year-old William Plotnikov, an ethnic Russian-Tatar Islamic militant and Canadian citizen, with whom he communicated via online social networking sites.[110][111][112] Tsarnaev had also visited Toronto, where Plotnikov lived with his parents.[113] Once in Dagestan, Tsarnaev is said to have met on several occasions with Makhmud Mansur Nidal, a 19-year-old Dagestani-Palestinian man. Nidal was under close surveillance by Dagestan's anti-extremism unit for six months as a suspected recruiter for Islamist insurgents, before the police killed him in May.[109] According to Novaya Gazeta, Tsarnaev had sought to join the local insurgency, and was put on a period of 'quarantine' – a clearance check by insurgents looking for infiltrating double agents, taking several months for a recruit to be verified. After Tsarnaev's alleged contacts were both killed, he "got frightened and fled". He left Russia in July two days after Plotnikov was killed, in an apparent hurry that Russian authorities considered suspicious, not waiting to pick up his new Russian passport — ostensibly one of his main reasons for coming to Russia.[38][112][114][115]

In an interview, Tsarnaev's father later said he had to force his son to return to the United States to complete his U.S. citizenship application, after Tsarnaev tried to convince his family to allow him to stay in Dagestan for good.[116]

Return to U.S.

Tsarnaev returned to the U.S. on July 17, 2012, having grown a long, thick beard[100][117][118][119] and wearing kohl around his eyes as a sign of his religious devotion to the sunnah of Islam and the example of Muhammed.[120] His life took on an "increasingly puritanical religious tone" with "Islamist certainty".[121] He appeared, to some family members, to have become an "extremist".[27]

After his return to the U.S., Tsarnaev created a YouTube channel with playlist links to two videos which were tagged under a category labeled "Terrorists", including one to Dagestani Islamic militant Amir Abu Dujana (Gadzhimurad Dolgatov, also known as 'Robin Hood', a commander of a small group in the Kizilyurt district, who was killed in battle in late December 2012); the videos were later deleted.[32][122][123][124] CNN and the SITE Institute found a screen grab of one of the videos, which featured members of the militant Islamist group Caucasus Emirate from the North Caucasus.[32] He also linked to jihadi videos on YouTube, including ones by radical cleric Feiz Mohammad; in one video, voices can be heard singing in Arabic as bombs explode.[33][125][126][127] He frequently read extremist sites, including Al-Qaeda in the Arabian Peninsula's Inspire online magazine.[74]

Tsarnaev applied for U.S. citizenship on September 5, 2012, but Homeland Security held up the application for "additional review" because they found a record of the 2011 FBI interview of him.[128]

Tsarnaev and his wife were receiving state welfare benefits as late as November 2012, but not at the time of the Marathon Bombings in April 2013.[42] His wife's lawyer said that Tsarnaev was unemployed prior to the bombing[117] and had been helping take care of their daughter, while his wife worked over 70 hours a week as a home health care aide, to support her family.[58]

Tsarnaev was pulled over by police in Boston, Brookline, and Cambridge at least nine times in four years. The source does not state which years these were exactly.[129]

In November 2012, Tsarnaev reportedly confronted a shopkeeper at a Middle Eastern grocery store in Cambridge, near a mosque where he sometimes prayed, after seeing a sign there advertising Thanksgiving turkeys. He said "This is kuffar"—an Arabic reference to non-Muslims—"that's not right!". Also in November 2012, Tsarnaev stood up and challenged a sermon in which the speaker said that, just like "we all celebrate the birthday of the Prophet, we can also celebrate July 4 and Thanksgiving," according to Yusufi Vali, a mosque spokesman. Vali said Tsarnaev stated he "took offense to celebrating anything," be it the Prophet's birthday (which not all Muslims celebrate) or American holidays.[3] In January 2013, Tsarnaev again disrupted a Martin Luther King, Jr. Day sermon at a mosque in Cambridge. He objected to the speaker's comparison of Muhammad to Martin Luther King, Jr. Tsarnaev was shouted down by members of the congregation and was later asked not to return to the mosque unless he was willing to refrain from shouting during sermons. The mosque said Tsarnaev had disrupted a sermon previously.[130]

2013 Boston Marathon bombing, MIT killing, and carjacking

Main article: Boston Marathon bombing
Boston Marathon bombing

Tsarnaev is believed to have committed the Boston Marathon bombings on April 15, 2013, and to have killed MIT police officer Sean Collier,[131][132][133] He is also believed to have committed a carjacking on April 18. His brother Dzhokhar is believed to have been a partner in the crimes.[134]

Death

Tsarnaev at the site of the bombings

In the early hours of April 19, 2013, in Watertown, a suburb of Boston, Tsarnaev was apprehended by police after being shot multiple times. The exact sequence of events remains clouded in confusion, as do key details. According to police, Tsarnaev's younger brother ran him over with an SUV and dragged him with the vehicle for 20 feet (6 m),[135] which is substantiated by the federal indictment.[14] He was taken to Beth Israel Deaconess Medical Center, where, despite efforts to revive him by emergency medical personnel, he was pronounced dead from several critical injuries, massive blood loss, and cardiac and respiratory arrest.[136][137] Emergency physicians said that he did not appear to have been run over.[138] An eyewitness says that he was struck by a police SUV before he was shot multiple times.[139]

Tsarnaev's parents continue to proclaim his innocence. His mother is quoted as saying, "America took my kids away from me. I'm sure my kids were not involved in anything."[140]

The imam of a prominent Boston mosque condemned the violence and distanced itself from the suspects, refusing to give Tsarnaev a Muslim burial.[141] His body was released to the funeral service hired by the family at 5:30 p.m. EDT May 2, 2013, by the Massachusetts Office of the Chief Medical Examiner.[142] His death certificate gives cause of death as gunshot wounds to the torso and extremities, as well as blunt trauma to the head and torso. It is confirmed that he was struck and dragged by a vehicle, in addition to being shot.[143]

Tsarnaev's body was moved to a funeral home in North Attleborough; after protesters picketed the building, it was handed over to Graham, Putnam, and Mahoney Funeral Parlor in Worcester.[144] Officials in Boston, Cambridge, at a state prison, and in over 120 other U.S. and Canadian locations refused to allow Tsarnaev's body to be buried in their jurisdictions.[145] On May 9, Worcester police announced that Tsarnaev's body had been buried in an undisclosed location.[146] It was later reported that Tsarnaev was buried in a small Muslim cemetery, Al-Barzakh Cemetery, in Doswell, Virginia.[147] The burial was set in motion by Martha Mullen of Richmond, Virginia, who said she was appalled by the protests at the funeral home, which she said "portrayed America at its worst" and wanted to find a way to end the impasse. She contacted Islamic Funeral Services of Virginia, which agreed to provide an unmarked plot in their cemetery. The funeral agency released a statement saying "What Tsarnaev did is between him and God. We strongly disagree with his violent actions, but that does not release us from our obligation to return his body to the earth."[148] Caroline County Sheriff Tony Lippa said the burial was legal.[149] Locals, as well as the imam of the Virginia Islamic Centre, condemned the secretive burial.[150]

On June 19, 2013, Tsarnaev's name was read aloud (in the context of a victim of gun violence) during a "No More Names" event held in Concord, New Hampshire. In response, Michael Bloomberg's Mayors Against Illegal Guns issued a statement explaining that they were using a list compiled by Slate, and apologized saying that his name was "a mistake" and should have been removed.[151]

Family members

Dzhokhar Tsarnaev

Main article: Dzhokhar Tsarnaev

Ruslan Tsarni

Ruslan Tsarni is the paternal uncle of Tamerlan Tsarnaev, and the brother of Anzor Tsarnaev.[20] He was trained as a lawyer, and moved to Washington State in 1995. He returned to Kyrgyzstan by the end of the decade, and then returned to the United States, settling in Montgomery County, Maryland.[20]

During the manhunt for the brothers, he was interviewed by the FBI.[20] When the media arrived at his home, he denounced the actions of his nephews and called on them to turn themselves in.[20] He also buried the remains of Tsarnaev.[20]

Zubeidat Tsarnaeva

Zubeidat Tsarnaeva is the mother of Tsarnaev and his brother. In photos of her as a younger woman, she wore western-style clothing. After she arrived in the U.S. from Russia in 2002, she took classes at the Catherine Hinds Institute of Esthetics before becoming a state-licensed aesthetician and getting a job at a suburban day spa.[152] After deciding she could no longer work in a business that served men,[3] she started working from home, where clients saw her become more radical and promote 9/11 conspiracy theories.[153]

Tsarnaev's mother has been quoted as saying she urged him to embrace Islam in 2008 because she was concerned about his drinking, smoking, and pursuit of women. She said he began to read more about it on the Internet. She also urged him to quit boxing because Islam prohibits hitting someone in the face.[154] She also praised Russell, saying, "She is a serious, good, American girl who converted to Islam as if she had always been a Muslim. We all love her a lot."[154]

Tsarnaaev's mother discussed jihad during a 2011 phone call with him that was taped by a Russian government agency, and intelligence officials also discovered text messages in which she discussed how Tsarnaev was ready to die for Islam.[89] His mother was also recorded suggesting that Tsarnaev go to Palestine.[155]

Both Tsarnaev and his mother were the subject of a Russian Intelligence inquiry to the U.S. government in 2011 because of what the Russians perceived as extremist Islamic views. She was interviewed by the FBI who found nothing to pursue at the time. In late 2011, the CIA put both Tsarnaev and his mother in its Terrorist Identities Datamart Environment database.[89][90][156]

Ruslan Tsarni told the AP from his home in Maryland that he believed his former sister-in-law had a "big-time influence" on Tsarnaev's growing embrace of his Muslim faith and decision to quit boxing and school.[152]

In early 2012, Zubeidat Tsarnaeva was arrested for shoplifting $1,624 worth of women's clothing from Lord and Taylor in Natick, Massachusetts. She left the U.S. for Russia and did not appear in court.[152][156] Anzor and Zubeidat Tsarnaev divorced in 2011 after twenty-five years of marriage. The couple had no personal property or real estate to divide and listed no retirement or pension benefits. They gave the reason for their split as "irretrievable breakdown of the marriage" with "no chance of reconciling our differences".[157] The mother's move toward more radical Islam was reportedly a factor in the breakdown of the marriage.[3] They may have reconciled in Dagestan.[158]

She has strongly expressed in TV interviews that her sons are innocent and that they were framed by the FBI.[159]

Katherine Russell

Tsarnaev's widow,[160] Katherine Russell (a.k.a. Karima Tsarnaeva or Katherine Tsarnaev[78]), was born on February 6, 1989, in Texas.[161][162] She was raised in Rhode Island; her father is an emergency room doctor and her mother is a nurse.[163] Their home has been described as nominally Christian[164] and Russell reportedly wasn't religious "at all" in high school.[165] She attended North Kingstown High School, and graduated in 2007 at the top of her class. Her yearbook entry lists her plans as college and the Peace Corps. She was remembered for her talent in painting and drawing.[160]

Tsarnaev and Russell met in 2007 in a nightclub, soon after she started as a communications major at Suffolk University.[160][163][164][166] They started dating on and off,[160] and at one point in 2009, Tsarnaev was living with another woman.[167] Tamerlan was known to cheat on Russell, and a friend of Russell's told her mother that the relationship was abusive.[165] Russell's mother did not like Tamerlan from the first time she met him.[165] At Tsarnaev's insistence, Russell converted to Islam in 2008, adopted the hijab, and chose the name Karima after her conversion.[154][165]

Russell dropped out of college in the Spring of 2010 after she became pregnant in her junior year, and the couple married on June 21, 2010, in a 15-minute ceremony in a Dorchester mosque.[166][168][169] According to the officiant, it was Russell who called and made the arrangements. Only two witnesses attended the wedding.

She moved into her husband's apartment in Cambridge[166] and gave birth to their daughter Zahara in late 2010.[78] At times, she worked as a home health aide. From September 2011 to November 2012, she and her husband had their income supplemented by public assistance and food stamps. When Tsarnaev was in Russia for six months, she and their daughter stayed in Cambridge.[166]

At the time of the bombings on April 15, 2013, Russell was living with her husband and daughter in the Norfolk Street family home in Cambridge.[170] The younger brother also officially lived there, but in practice stayed in a dorm at UMASS Dartmouth.[160] After the bombings, when the suspects' photos were released, Russell apparently contacted her husband by phone and by text message. She has refused to disclose what they talked about.[171]

After her husband died, Russell retreated to her parents' home in Rhode Island.[78] Her parents released a statement saying "[o]ur daughter has lost her husband today, the father of her child. We cannot begin to comprehend how this horrible tragedy occurred. In the aftermath of the Patriot's Day horror, we know that we never really knew Tamerlan Tsarnaev. Our hearts are sickened by the knowledge of the horror he has inflicted."[172] She refused to take custody of her husband's remains and has reverted to using her maiden name.[165][173]

Investigators discovered magazine bomb-making instructions[174] on Russell's computer, though it is not clear who downloaded the files.[171][175] The FBI has interviewed Russell for "many, many, many many hours,"[168] and collected DNA samples.[176] Her web history includes searches for "If your husband becomes a shahid, what are the rewards for you?" and "the rewards for the wife of Mujahedeen."[168]

Through her attorney, Amato DeLuca,[168] Russell insists that she was not aware of her husband's criminal activity,[78] her DNA and fingerprints did not match those on the bombs,[176] and no charges have been filed against her, although they could in the future.[177] Deluca has said that "there’s been no suggestion at all by the government that she’s going to be indicted."[168] As of 12 June 2015 she lived on "a quiet street" in New Jersey with her daughter.[168]

References

Footnotes

  1. ^ a b Russian: Тамерла́н Анзо́рович Царна́ев / Tamerlan Anzorovich Tsarnayev [tɐmʲɪrˈlan ɐnzoˈrɐvʲɪtɕ tsarˈnajɪf]; Template:Lang-ce / Carnayev Anzor-khant Tamerlan.
    See Help:Multilingual support for help installing the correct fonts

Notes

  1. ^ a b "Timeline: A look at Tamerlan Tsarnaev's past". CNN. April 22, 2013. Retrieved May 21, 2013.
  2. ^ Bates, Daniel (April 24, 2013). "'They just wanted to get married': Why Boston bomber chose cramped office for wedding to Muslim convert wife". Mail Online. London. Retrieved May 20, 2013. The wedding certificate ... lists the groom as Tamerlan Anzorovich Tsarnaev ... He was born in Kalmykia in Russia ...
  3. ^ a b c d e f Cullison, Alan; Sonne, Paul; Troianovski, Anton; George-Cosh, David; 14 contributors (April 22, 2013). "Boston Marathon Bombings: Turn to Religion Split Bomb Suspects Tamerlan and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev's Home". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 22, 2013. {{cite news}}: |author5= has generic name (help)CS1 maint: numeric names: authors list (link)
  4. ^ Ryan, Andrew; Wesley Lowery (May 10, 2013). "Sources: Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is buried in Doswell, Va". Boston.com. NY Times Co.
  5. ^ Radia, Kirit (April 22, 2013). "Boston Bomb Suspects' Mother Says Young Son Would Have Obeyed Big Brother". ABC News. Retrieved May 7, 2013.
  6. ^ a b "Hunt for Boston Clues Reveals Tangled Caucasus Web". The Moscow Times. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  7. ^ Valencia, Milton J.; Wen, Patricia; Cullen, Kevin; Ellement, John R.; Finucane, Martin (March 4, 2015). "Defense admits Tsarnaev took part in Marathon bombings". The Boston Globe. Retrieved March 4, 2015.
  8. ^ Obscura, Atlas. "Pronounce Boston bomb names: Listen to recording of names of Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, Tamerlan Tsarnaev". Slate. Retrieved April 28, 2013.
  9. ^ Abad-Santos, Alexander (April 19, 2013). "Who Is Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, the Man at the Center of the Boston Manhunt?". Atlantic Wire. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  10. ^ Kotz, Deborah (April 24, 2013). "Injury toll from Marathon bombs reduced to 264". Boston Globe.
  11. ^ "Boston Marathon bombings: Suspects' mother Zubeidat says she found faith, not terrorism". The Star. Toronto. April 28, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  12. ^ Cullison, Alan; Sonne, Paul; Levitz, Jennifer (November 19, 2015). "Life in America Unraveled for Brothers". Wall Street Journal.
  13. ^ "Dzhokhar and Tamerlan: A Profile of the Tsarnaev Brothers". CBS News. April 23, 2013.
  14. ^ a b "Indictment against Boston bombing suspect". CNN. June 27, 2013.
  15. ^ Murphy, Sean P. (May 6, 2013). "Bullet that nearly killed MBTA police officer in Watertown gunfight appears to have been friendly fire". Boston.com.
  16. ^ "Five Revelations From Rolling Stone's Boston Bomber Cover Story". Rolling Stone. July 16, 2013. Retrieved August 14, 2013. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  17. ^ Botelho, Greg; Levs, Josh (April 25, 2013). "Boston bombing suspects planned Times Square attack, Bloomberg says". CNN.
  18. ^ "Boston Marathon Bombers Inspired By Anwar al-Awlaki". Anti-Defamation League.
  19. ^ a b Mcphee, Michele (April 29, 2013). "Boston Bombing Brings Twist to Cold Murder Case". Abcnews.go.com. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  20. ^ a b c d e f g h Martin, Phillip (June 6, 2013). "Two Hours With Ruslan Tsarni, the Alleged Boston Marathon Bombers' Uncle". WGBH. Retrieved April 10, 2015.
  21. ^ Mong, Adrienne. "Boston bombing suspects' father 'a good man,' neighbors in Dagestan say". NBC News. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  22. ^ a b Balmforth, Tom (April 22, 2013). "'A Clear Setup': The Conspiracy Theory of the Boston Bombing Suspects' Father". The Atlanticl. Makhachkala. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  23. ^ a b Janet Reitman (July 17, 2013). "Jahar's World: He was a charming kid with a bright future. But no one saw the pain he was hiding or the monster he would become". Rolling Stone.
  24. ^ Keneally, Meghan; Farberov, Snejana (April 20, 2013). "Now, just tell them everything: Father of Boston bomber brothers speaks of his relief that his younger son is captured alive". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  25. ^ "Surviving Boston bombing suspect's mother and father to travel to the U.S. to visit their seriously injured son". Daily Mail. London. April 21, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  26. ^ Milmo, Cahal (April 19, 2013). "Boston Marathon bombing: Tamerlan Tsarnaev was a boxer. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev was a wrestler". The Independent. London. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  27. ^ a b Radia, Kirit (April 20, 2013). "Boston Bomb Suspect Alarmed Russian Relatives With Extremist Views". ABC News. ABC.
  28. ^ Kaleem, Jaweed (April 19, 2013). "Boston Bombing Suspects' Muslim Identity Provides Few Clues To Motivation For Bombing". Huffington Post. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  29. ^ Noronha, Charmaine (April 19, 2013). "Aunt says US suspect recently became devout Muslim". Huffington Post. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  30. ^ Goode, Erica (April 19, 2013). "Brothers Seen as Good Students and Avid Athletes". New York Times. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  31. ^ Masha Gessen (2015). The Brothers: The Road to an American Tragedy. Riverhead Books. ISBN 978-0-698-14870-3.
  32. ^ a b c "Timeline: A look at Tamerlan Tsarnaev's past". CNN. April 21, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  33. ^ a b c d Finn, Peter (April 19, 2013). "Tamerlan Tsarnaev and Dzhokhar Tsarnaev were refugees from brutal conflict". Washington Post. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  34. ^ Sullivan, Eileen (April 19, 2013). "Manhunt in Boston after bombing suspect is killed". Associated Press. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  35. ^ Perez, Evan; Smith, Jennifer; Shallwani, Pervaiz (April 19, 2013). "Boston Bombing Suspect Killed in Shootout". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  36. ^ Seelye, Katharine Q.; Cooper, Michael (April 19, 2013). "One Boston Bombing Suspect Is Dead, Second at Large; Area on Lockdown". The New York Times.
  37. ^ a b Carter, Chelsea J.; Botelho, Gregory 'Greg' (April 20, 2013). "'Captured!!!' Boston police announce Marathon bombing suspect in custody". CNN.
  38. ^ a b Tsarnaev's Contacts on Russian Trip Draw Scrutiny – NY Times
  39. ^ a b Cullison, Alan; Sonne, Paul; Levitz, Jennifer (April 20, 2013). "Life in America Unraveled for Brothers". Wall Street Journal.
  40. ^ Mattingly, Phil (April 20, 2013). "Boston Bombing Suspect Apprehended at Watertown Home". Businessweek. Retrieved March 30, 2015.
  41. ^ a b Goode, Erica; Kovaleski, Serge F. (April 19, 2013). "Boy at Home in U.S., Swayed by One Who Wasn't". New York Times. Archived from the original on July 14, 2013.
  42. ^ a b "Tamerlan Tsarnaev got Mass. welfare benefits". Boston Herald. April 24, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
  43. ^ "Mother of bomb suspects moved toward Islam in U.S". The Salt Lake Tribune. April 28, 2013. Retrieved May 4, 2013.
  44. ^ Gowen, Annie; Horwitz, Sari; Markon, Jerry (April 19, 2013). "Boston lockdown lifted; marathon bombing suspect still at large". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  45. ^ Staff (April 22, 2013). "Boston Bomb Suspects' Mother Says Young Son Would Have Obeyed Big Brother". Abcnews.go.com. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  46. ^ Saltzman, Amy (July 28, 2009). "Slain bombing suspect had arrest record in Cambridge". Wicked Local. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  47. ^ Bykowicz, Julie (April 23, 2013). "Tsarnaev Family Crumbled Before Boston Bombs". Businessweek. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  48. ^ David Randall (April 21, 2013). "The FBI's big miss: Boston bombing fugitive shot dead was on radar two years ago". London: The Independent. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  49. ^ a b c d Hirn, Johannes (2010). "Will box for Passport: An Olympic Drive to become a United States citizen" (PDF). The Comment. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  50. ^ a b c Murphy, Kim; Tanfani, Joseph; Loiko, Sergei L. (April 28, 2013). "The Tsarnaev brothers' troubled trail to Boston". Los Angeles Times.
  51. ^ Dorell, Oren (April 23, 2013). "Boston suspects' mosque has ties to convicted terrorists fugitives and radical speakers". USA Today. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
  52. ^ a b c Iole, Kevin (May 28, 2012). "Dead Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev had boxing aspirations". Yahoo. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  53. ^ a b Burke, Timothy (April 19, 2013). "Everything we know about Tamerlan Tsarnaev, dead bombing suspect". Deadspin. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  54. ^ "The boxing career of Tamerlan Tsarnaev". CBS News. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  55. ^ Kenner, David (April 19, 2013). "Who Is Tamerlan Tsarnaev". Foreign Policy. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  56. ^ Bykowicz, Julie (April 23, 2013). "Tsarnaev Family Crumbled Before Boston Bombs". Businessweek. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  57. ^ "Boston Bomber's Ex-Girlfriend Nadine Ascencao: Tamerlan Tsarnaev Abused and Tried to Brainwash Me". Ibtimes.co.uk. April 29, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  58. ^ a b "Boston Marathon bombings: Tamerlan Tsarnaev's American wife learned he was wanted from TV". London: AP as reported in The Independent. April 22, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  59. ^ Swaine, Jon (April 20, 2013). "Tamerlan Tsarnaev's wife wore the hijab after converting to Islam". The Daily Telegraph. London. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  60. ^ "Friends, Family Describe Suspects In Boston Marathon Attack". NPR. April 19, 2013. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  61. ^ Older Suspect Described As Controlling, Manipulative, National Public Radio, April 19, 2013.
  62. ^ Adam Goldman, Eric Tucker, Matt Apuzzo and Associated Press (April 24, 2013). "Family: Tamerlan Tsarnaev Influenced By Mysterious Radical 'Misha'". CBS. Retrieved April 25, 2013.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  63. ^ Murphy, Kim (April 28, 2013). "Boston bombing: Mysterious 'Misha' turns up in Rhode Island". Latimes.com. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  64. ^ Christian Caryl (April 29, 2013). "'Misha' Speaks: An Interview with the Alleged Boston Bomber's 'Svengali'". New York Review of Books.
  65. ^ Thomson Reuters Foundation. "Thomson Reuters Foundation". Trust. Retrieved April 23, 2013. {{cite web}}: |author= has generic name (help)
  66. ^ "The brothers who paralysed Boston". Brisbanetimes.com.au. July 9, 2003. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  67. ^ Cullison, Alan. "Life in America Unraveled for Brothers - WSJ.com". Online.wsj.com. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  68. ^ Emily Yoffe, "Boxing Coach: Tamerlan Tsarnaev Was "Arrogant, Disdainful", Slate, April 19, 2013.
  69. ^ Ron Borges, "Pro boxer threw punches with 'evil' Tamerlan Tsarnaev in 2010", Boston Herald, April 20, 2013.
  70. ^ "'Tamerlan was not a religious fanatic'". Russia Today. April 22, 2013. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  71. ^ Lydia Warren (April 23, 2013). "Boston bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev's ex-girlfriend Nadine Ascencao revealed". London: Dailymail.co.uk. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  72. ^ "Boston bombing suspect's widow assisting investigation, lawyer says". WGN-TV. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  73. ^ a b c Cooper, Michael (June 21, 2010). "Path From 'Social Butterfly' to Boston Suspect's Widow". Wap.nytimes.com. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  74. ^ a b "Boston bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev's wife Katherine Russell 'had no idea of plot'". The Courier-Mail. April 25, 2013. Retrieved March 20, 2015.
  75. ^ Smith, Michelle R. (April 22, 2013). "Katherine Russell Tsarnaev, wife of Tamerlan Tsarnaev, wanted by Feds for interview". Huffington Post. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  76. ^ Celona, Larry; Rosario, Frank; Greene, Leonard (April 22, 2013). "Wife of suspected Boston Marathon bomber faces FBI's heat". New York Post. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  77. ^ Kirit Radia (April 22, 2013). "Bomb Suspects' Mother Says Young Son Would Have Obeyed Older Brother". Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  78. ^ a b c d e Steve Helling (April 23, 2013). "Katherine Russell Tsarnaev: From All-American Girl to Bomber's Wife". People Magazine. Retrieved April 19, 2015.
  79. ^ Jason Silverstein (March 4, 2015). "Widow of dead Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev may face charges for attack: report". Retrieved April 16, 2015.
  80. ^ "Russian agents watched, searched for Boston bombing suspect during trip to Dagestan". Fox News. October 1, 2006. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  81. ^ "2011 Request for Information on Tamerlan Tsarnaev from Foreign Government". FBI. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  82. ^ a b Adam Goldman; Eileen Sullivan. "FBI got information from Russian FSB that Tamerlan Tsarnaev was radical Islam follower". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on April 23, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2013. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  83. ^ "FBI Interviewed Tamerlan Tsarnaev 2 Years Ago". CBS Boston. April 20, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  84. ^ "Boston Bombing Seen as U.S.-Russian Intelligence Failure". The Moscow Times. December 15, 2011. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  85. ^ "United States vs. Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, Case 1:13-mj-02106-MBB" (PDF). United States Department of Justice. April 21, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  86. ^ Sherwell, Philip (April 20, 2013). "Boston bomber arrested: Tamerlan Tsarnaev was questioned by FBI in 2011". The Telegraph. London. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  87. ^ Tsarnaev brothers' mother: 'My sons are innocent, this is a setup' on YouTube
  88. ^ "Tamerlan Tsarnaev's citizenship bid part of widening Boston bombings probe". Newsday. April 21, 2013. Archived from the original on May 14, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  89. ^ a b c d Chappell, Bill. "Tamerlan Tsarnaev Spoke Of Jihad With Mother, Reports Say: The Two-Way". NPR. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
  90. ^ a b "Boston Marathon bombing suspect Dzhokhar Tsarnaev silent after read Miranda rights". CBS/AP. April 25, 2013. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
  91. ^ "Did Tamarlan Tsarnaev kill his Jewish friends?". The Jewish Journal of Greater Los Angeles. September 12, 2011. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  92. ^ "Slain Boston Bomb Suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev Eyed in Jewish Triple Murder". Forward. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  93. ^ "Suspected Boston bomber Tamerlan Tsarnaev 'linked to grisly 2011 triple murder'". News. April 23, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  94. ^ Adrian Walker (September 12, 2011). "Police probe possible link between Marathon bomber and unsolved triple homicide in Waltham". Boston. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  95. ^ Staff. "Link to 2011 Murders Probed in Tsarnaev Case". The Epoch Times. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  96. ^ "Suspected Boston bomber Tamerlan Tsarnaev 'linked to grisly 2011 triple murder'". News. April 23, 2013. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  97. ^ Mcphee, Michele (April 15, 2013). "Boston Bomb Suspect Eyed in Connection to 2011 Triple Murder". ABC News. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  98. ^ Gordon, Greg (April 23, 2013). "Accused bomber says U.S. wars fed the brothers' radicalism". The Seattle Times. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
  99. ^ McPhee, Michele (May 10, 2013). "'Mounting Evidence' Boston Bombers Involved in 2011 Triple Murder". ABC News. Retrieved August 17, 2013.
  100. ^ a b "Boston suspects: An immigrant journey that went off track". CNN.com. April 21, 2013. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  101. ^ Shuster, Simon (April 29, 2013). "The Boston-Bomber Trail: Fresh Clues in Rural Dagestan". Time. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  102. ^ Elder, Miriam (April 22, 2013). "Tsarnaev aunt reveals further details about visit to Dagestan". The Guardian. London.
  103. ^ "House Homeland Security chairman believes suspect trained in Russia". CNN. April 21, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  104. ^ "Boston investigators travel to Russia". ABC. April 25, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  105. ^ Simon Shuster (May 8, 2013). "Exclusive: Dagestani Relative of Tamerlan Tsarnaev Is a Prominent Islamist". Time.
  106. ^ Nemtsova, Anna (April 22, 2013). "The Caucasus Connection: At a radical mosque in Dagestan, marathon bomber Tamerlan Tsarnaev is remembered by many worshippers—and the secret police". The Daily Beast.
  107. ^ Foster, Peter (April 21, 2013). "Boston bomber: FBI 'dropped the ball' over Tamerlan Tsarnaev". Telegraph. London. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  108. ^ "Charges likely Sunday for Boston Marathon bombing suspect". WRCBtv. April 17, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  109. ^ a b Cullison, Alan (May 9, 2013). "Dagestan Islamists Were Uneasy About Boston Bombing Suspect". Wall Street Journal.
  110. ^ Bell, Stewart (August 20, 2012). "The Canadian who converted to jihad: Boxer turned militant killed in Dagestan". National Post.
  111. ^ «Бостонский взрыватель» был давно заряжен – Расследования – Новая Газета Template:Ru icon
  112. ^ a b Parfitt, Tom (April 28, 2013). "Boston bombs: the Canadian boxer and the terror recruiter who 'led Tsarnaev on path to jihad'". Telegraph. London. Retrieved April 29, 2013.
  113. ^ Parfitt, Tom (April 29, 2013). "Canadian boxer linked to Boston bomber". Ottawa Citizen. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  114. ^ "Russia had Tamerlan Tsarnaev under surveillance". USA Today. April 30, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  115. ^ McCormack, Caitlin (April 29, 2013). "William Plotnikov: 5 Fast Facts You Need to Know". Heavy. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  116. ^ "Boston bombing suspects' parents abandon travel plans". Chicago Tribune. April 28, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  117. ^ a b "Two brothers, two paths". The Boston Globe. April 19, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  118. ^ Mollayev, Arsen (August 14, 2009). "Aunt: Boston Bombings Suspect Struggled with Islam". Yahoo! News. Associated Press. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  119. ^ Fox, Alison. "Boston Bomb Suspect's Neighbor Describes Friendly Argument on Religion, Politics". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  120. ^ Boston Globe: "The Fall of the House of Tsarnaev" By Sally Jacobs, David Filipov and Patricia Wen December 15, 2013
  121. ^ Will Englund; Peter Finn (April 20, 2013). "Conflict in the Caucasus, reflected in suspect's YouTube playlist". Washington Post. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  122. ^ "The obscure Russian jihadist whom Tamerlan Tsarnaev followed online". Washington Post. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  123. ^ Boston Bombing Stirs Echoes of Unrest in Caucasus – NY Times
  124. ^ "What was Tamerlan Tsarnaev doing in Russia?". CNN. April 22, 2013. Retrieved April 23, 2013.
  125. ^ "Parallels Between Boston Bomber And Australian Preacher". Anti-Defamation League.
  126. ^ "Suspected bombers Dzhokhar Tsarnaev, Tamerlan Tsarnaev, plot difficult for law enforcement to detect". Bloomberg News/Newsday. April 21, 2013. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  127. ^ "FBI Probed Tamerlan Tsarnaev For Plans To Join 'Underground Groups'". CBS New York. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  128. ^ Preston, Julia (April 20, 2013). "F.B.I. Interview Led Homeland Security to Hold Up Citizenship for One Brother". New York Times.
  129. ^ Curran, Kathy (April 15, 2013). "Marathon Bombing suspects stopped several times by law enforcement". WCVB. Retrieved April 24, 2013.
  130. ^ Beth Daley and Martin Finucane. "Marathon bombing suspect disrupted Cambridge mosque on Martin Luther King Day", Boston Globe, April 21, 2013.
  131. ^ "Police believe Tsarnaev brothers killed officer for his gun". CBS News. Retrieved July 4, 2013.
  132. ^ "Did Boston bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev steal the gun used to kill police officer Sean Collier from victims of 2011 triple homicide he now stands accused of? | Mail Online". London: Dailymail.co.uk. May 26, 2013. Retrieved July 4, 2013.
  133. ^ The Lookout (April 18, 2013). "Gunman kills police officer at MIT in Boston | The Lookout - Yahoo News". News.yahoo.com. Retrieved February 21, 2014.
  134. ^ By Todd Feathers (April 25, 2013). "Middlesex County prosecutors building murder case against Dzhokhar Tsarnaev in officer's slaying - Metro". The Boston Globe. Retrieved July 4, 2013.
  135. ^ Farberov, Snejana; Thompson, Paul (April 21, 2013). "Boston bomb suspect: Commissioner Ed Davis says Dzhokhar Tsarnaev killed his brother". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  136. ^ "Beth Israel Deaconess medical staff tried to revive suspect killed in shoot-out". Boston Globe. April 19, 2013. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  137. ^ Ben Berkowitz; Ross Kerber (April 20, 2013). "Boston Marathon bombing investigation turns to motive". Reuters. Boston. Retrieved April 20, 2013.
  138. ^ Graham, Jordan (April 19, 2013). "ER doctor: Bombing suspect died at hospital". Boston Herald. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  139. ^ Miller, Chris (April 19, 2013). "AUDIO: Cops hit one bombing suspect with SUV". WWL First News. Retrieved April 19, 2013.
  140. ^ Mong, Adrienne (April 25, 2013). "'America took my kids away': Mother of Boston suspects insists sons not responsible". NBC news. Retrieved May 1, 2013.
  141. ^ Kaleem, Jaweed (April 20, 2013). "Tamerlan Tsarnaev, Suspected Boston Bomber, May Not Get Islamic Funeral From Wary Muslims". Huffington Post. Retrieved April 21, 2013.
  142. ^ "Remains of Boston bombing suspect claimed". USA Today. May 2, 2013. Retrieved May 2, 2013.
  143. ^ Lowery, Wesley (May 4, 2013). "Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev died from gunshot wounds, blunt trauma, according to death certificate". Boston.com.
  144. ^ "Burial wrangle for Boston suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev". Bbc.co.uk. May 4, 2013. Retrieved May 6, 2013.
  145. ^ Lindsay, Jay (May 8, 2013). "Saga of Boston Marathon suspect's body drags on". Associated Press.
  146. ^ "Police: Deceased Boston Marathon bombing suspect buried". WABC TV. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  147. ^ Lowery, Wesley; Viser, Matt (May 10, 2013). "Boston Marathon bombing suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev is buried in Muslim cemetery in Doswell, Va". Boston Globe.
  148. ^ Woman who coordinated burial was upset by Worcester protests, Boston Globe, May 10, 2013.
  149. ^ Sheriff: Tamerlan Tsarnaev's burial was handled properly, CNN, May 12, 2013
  150. ^ Robertson, Gary (May 10, 2013). "Tamerlan Tsarnaev buried in Virginia". CNews. Retrieved May 15, 2013.
  151. ^ "Uproar over group naming Tsarnaev a victim of gun violence". Politico. Retrieved June 21, 2013.
  152. ^ a b c David Caruso, Michael Kunzelman; Max Seddon (April 28, 2013). "Zubeidat Tsarnaeva, Mother Of Boston Marathon Bombing Suspects, Says She's Just Someone Who Found Deeper Spirituality". Huffington Post. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |lastauthoramp= ignored (|name-list-style= suggested) (help)
  153. ^ Eagan, Margery. Eagan: An intimate look at Zubeidat Tsarnaeva, mother of suspected bombers." Boston Herald. April 23, 2013.
  154. ^ a b c Esposito, Richard; Matthew Cole; Brian Ross (November 9, 2009). "Officials: U.S. Army Told of Hasan's Contacts with al Qaeda; Army Major in Fort Hood Massacre Used 'Electronic Means' to Connect with Terrorists". The Blotter from Brian Ross. ABC News. Retrieved May 11, 2010.
  155. ^ Estrin, Daniel (April 28, 2013). "Bombers' mother told older son to go to 'Palestine'". The Times of Israel. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  156. ^ a b "Boston suspects' mother in terrorism database since 2011". Times of Israel. April 27, 2013.
  157. ^ Bykowicz, Julie (April 23, 2013). "Tamerlan Tsarnaev's Family Crumbled Before Boston Bombs". Bloomberg. Retrieved April 25, 2013.
  158. ^ "Boston Marathon Bombing Suspects' Twisted Family History". ABC News. April 22, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  159. ^ "Boston Marathon Bombing Suspects' Mom: 'My Family Is in the Dirt'". ABC News. April 20, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  160. ^ a b c d e "Boston Marathon Bombing Update: Katherine Russell Tsarnaeva, suspect's wife, was in "absolute shock" after bombings – Crimesider". CBS News. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  161. ^ "The Tsarnaeva Family Tree." The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved on May 7, 2013.
  162. ^ Deprez, Esmé E.; Young, Elise (April 30, 2013). "Woman Who Left Her World for Tsarnaev Draws FBI Attention". Bloomberg. Retrieved March 24, 2014.
  163. ^ a b "Katherine Russell Tsarnaev, Wife Of Tamerlan Tsarnaev, Wanted By Feds For Interview". Huffingtonpost.com. April 22, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  164. ^ a b "The Tsarnaev family: A faded portrait of an immigrant's American dream". The Washington Post.
  165. ^ a b c d e Sargent, Hilary; Waller, John (April 27, 2015). "Texts From Tamerlan Tsarnaev's Widow Revealed". Boston.com. Retrieved April 27, 2015.
  166. ^ a b c d Cooper, Michael (May 4, 2013). "Path From 'Social Butterfly' to Boston Suspect's Widow". The New York Times. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  167. ^ "The Tsarnaev family: A faded portrait of an immigrant's American dream". Washington Post. April 27, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  168. ^ a b c d e f Hesse, Monica (April 29, 2013). "Katherine Russell: Boston bombing suspect widow's enigmatic life journey". Washington Post. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  169. ^ "Boston bombing suspect's widow is assisting investigation, lawyer says". CNN. April 24, 2013. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  170. ^ Bain, Jennifer (April 21, 2013). "Katherine Russell, wife of slain Boston bombings suspect Tamerlan Tsarnaev, returns home". The NY Post. Retrieved May 24, 2013.
  171. ^ a b Warren, Lydia; Farberov, Snejana; Boyle, Louise (May 5, 2013). "Katherine Russell Tsarnaev: Boston bomber's widow goes to Chipotle with daughter and friend as FBI investigate her Islamic links". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  172. ^ Hui, Ann (April 22, 2013). "How an 'All-American' girl met and married Tamerlan Tsarnaev". Globe and Mail. Toronto. Retrieved April 22, 2013.
  173. ^ Collins, Laura; Island, Rhode; McCormack, David (May 1, 2013). "Katherine Russell: Boston Bomber widow's fresh-faced mugshot following her 2007 arrest for shoplifting from a clothes store". Daily Mail. London. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  174. ^ "Inspire Magazine: A Staple of Domestic Terror". Anti-Defamation League.
  175. ^ Sari Horwitz (May 3, 2013). "Investigators sharpen focus on wife of dead Boston bombing suspect". The Washington Post. Retrieved May 9, 2013.
  176. ^ a b "Katherine Russell DNA, Fingerprints Do Not Match Fragments Of Boston Marathon Bomb: Report". May 3, 2015. Retrieved June 15, 2015.
  177. ^ Martin, Phillip (June 12, 2015). "The Widow Tsarnaev: What -- If Any -- Relationship Did She Have To The Boston Marathon Bombings?". WGBH News. Retrieved June 16, 2015.

Further reading

Wikiquote has quotations related to Tamerlan Tsarnaev.
Wikimedia Commons has media related to 2013 Boston Marathon bombings.
Retrieved from "https://en.wikipedia.org/w/index.php?title=Tamerlan_Tsarnaev&oldid=751670879"