List of ambassadors of the United States to France
| Ambassador of the United States to France Ambassadeur des États-Unis en France | |
|---|---|
 Seal of the United States Department of State | |
| Residence | Hôtel de Pontalba |
| Appointer | Barack Obama As President of the United States |
| Inaugural holder | Benjamin Franklin as Envoy |
| Formation | 1778 |
| Website | U.S. Embassy – Paris |
The United States Ambassador to France is the official representative of the President of the United States to the head of state of France. There has been a U.S. Ambassador to France since the American Revolution. The United States sent its first envoys to France in 1776, towards the end of the four-centuries-old Bourbon dynasty. The American diplomatic relationship with France has continued throughout that country's five republican regimes, two periods of French empire, the Bourbon Restoration, and its July Monarchy. After the Battle of France, the United States maintained diplomatic relations with Vichy France until France severed them on the date Operation Torch was launched in November 1942; the Embassy was reopened December 1944.[1]
United States Representatives in Paris
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United States Envoys to France
- Benjamin Franklin, Arthur Lee, Silas Deane (substituted by John Adams in 1778) December 1776 – 1779
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United States Ministers Plenipotentiary to France
- Benjamin Franklin: Appointed September 14, 1778; Presented credentials March 23, 1779; Termination of mission May 17, 1785
- Thomas Jefferson: Appointed March 10, 1785; Presented credentials: May 17, 1785 – Termination of mission September 26, 1789
- William Short: April 20, 1790 – May 15, 1792
- Gouverneur Morris: 1792 – 1794
- James Monroe: 1794 – 1796
- Charles Cotesworth Pinckney: 1796 – 1797
- Robert R. Livingston: 1801 – 1804
- John Armstrong: 1804 – 1810
- Joel Barlow: 1811 – 1812
- William H. Crawford: 1813 – 1815
- Albert Gallatin July 16, 1816 – May 16, 1823
- James Brown: 1824 – 1829
- William C. Rives: 1829 – 1833
- Levett Harris: April 1833 – September 1833
- Edward Livingston: 1833 – 1836
- Lewis Cass: 1836 – 1842
- William Rufus King: 1844 – 1846
- Richard Rush: 1847 – 1848
- Richard Rush: 1848 – 1849
- William Cabell Rives: 1849 – 1853
- John Y. Mason: 1853 – 1859
- William L. Dayton: 1861 – 1864
- John Bigelow: 1864 – 1866
- John Adams Dix: 1866 – 1869
- Elihu B. Washburne: 1869 – 1877
- Edward F. Noyes: 1877 – 1881
- Levi P. Morton: 1881 – 1885
- Robert Milligan McLane: 1885 – 1889
- Whitelaw Reid: 1889 – 1892
- T. Jefferson Coolidge: 1893 – 1893
United States Ambassadors Extraordinary and Plenipotentiary to France
During the French Third Republic:
- James Biddle Eustis: 1893 – 1897[2]
- Horace Porter: 1897 – 1905
- Robert Sanderson McCormick: 1905 – 1907
- Henry White: 1907 – 1909
- Robert Bacon: 1909 – 1912
- Myron T. Herrick: 1912 – 1914
- William Graves Sharp: 1914 – 1919
- Hugh Campbell Wallace: 1919 – 1921
- Myron T. Herrick: 1921 – 1929
- Walter E. Edge: 1929 – 1933
- Jesse Isidor Straus: 1933 – 1936
- William C. Bullitt: 1936 – 1940
- William D. Leahy: 1941 – 1942
- After Leahy left, S. Pinkney Tuck served as interim Chargé d'affaires until France severed diplomatic relations with the U.S. on November 8, 1942, the date of Operation Torch
- Jefferson Caffery: December 30, 1944 – 1949
- The Embassy in Paris had been opened to the public December 1, 1944, with Ambassador Caffery in charge pending presentation of his letter of credence.
- David K. E. Bruce: 1949 – 1952
- James C. Dunn: 1952 – 1953
- C. Douglas Dillon: 1953 – 1957
- Amory Houghton: 1957 – 1961
- James M. Gavin: 1961 – 1962
- Charles E. Bohlen: 1962 – 1968
- Robert Sargent Shriver, Jr.: 1968 – 1970
- Arthur K. Watson: 1970 – 1972
- John N. Irwin, II: 1973 – 1974
- Kenneth Rush: 1974 – 1977
- Arthur A. Hartman: 1977 – 1981
- Evan Griffith Galbraith: 1981 – 1985
- Joe M. Rodgers: 1985 – 1989
- Walter Curley: 1989 – 1993
- Pamela Harriman: 1993 – 1997
- Felix Rohatyn: 1997 – 2000
- Howard H. Leach: 2001 – 2005
- Craig Roberts Stapleton: 2005 – 2009
- Charles Rivkin: 2009 – 2013[3][4]
- Mark A. Taplin (ad interim): 2013–2014[5]
- Jane D. Hartley: October 31, 2014 – present
See also
- List of French ambassadors to the United States
- Embassy of the United States, Paris
- France – United States relations
- Foreign relations of France
- Ambassadors of the United States
References
- ^ David McCullough, The Greater Journey: Americans in Paris, Simon & Schuster, 2011, ISBN 978-1-4165-7176-6
- ^ "Ambassadors and Chiefs of Mission – FAQs – About Us – Office of the Historian".
- ^ Knowlton, Brian (August 16, 2009). "New U.S. Envoy Takes Up Post". The New York Times. Retrieved August 31, 2009.
- ^ "Ambassador Charles Rivkin permanently departed post on Tuesday, November 19, 2013 following his nomination by President Obama to serve as Assistant Secretary of the State Department's Bureau of Economic and Business Affairs". Retrieved January 29, 2014.
- ^ "Our Charge D'Affairs Ad Interim". US Embassy to France. Retrieved May 2, 2014.
This article incorporates public domain material from U.S. Bilateral Relations Fact Sheets. United States Department of State.
External links
- United States Embassy in Paris official site
- United States Department of State: France
- United States Department of State: Chiefs of Mission for France
- United States Department of State: Background notes on France
- Interview with 1984 U.S. Ambassador to France from the Dean Peter Krogh Foreign Affairs Digital Archives
