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Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures

The Bible (left) and Science and Health (right)
Author	Mary Baker Eddy
Language	English
Publication date	1875
Publication place	United States
Media type	Print

Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures is the central text of the Christian Science religion. Mary Baker Eddy described it as her "most important work." She began writing it in February 1872 and the first edition was published in 1875.

Précis

The scientific statement of being

There is no life, truth, intelligence, nor substance in matter. All is infinite Mind and its infinite manifestation, for God is All-in-all. Spirit is immortal Truth; matter is mortal error. Spirit is the real and eternal; matter is the unreal and temporal. Spirit is God, and man is His image and likeness. Therefore man is not material; he is spiritual.

"God is All-in all." "God is good." "God is Mind, and God is infinite; hence all is Mind." Christian Science develops its theology and its healing method from these simple, yet radical statements. The conclusions are that we are all perfect spiritual ideas of the one divine Mind, and manifest Spirit, not a material body. The five physical senses, which take no account of Spirit, are the origin of all false beliefs. Sickness is just a belief, not a property of matter, and it must be annihilated by the understanding of the divine Mind. Praying from this standpoint removes the belief and brings healing. This proves that this Science is correct, and that one has understood it.

Structure

The latest edition of the book consists of a short preface, the main section, "Key to the Scriptures", and Fruitage. Some editions include a word index.

Main section

The main section is 500 pages long and comprises chapters titled

• Prayer
• Atonement and Eucharist
• Marriage
• Christian Science versus Spiritualism
• Animal Magnetism Unmasked
• Science, Theology, Medicine
• Physiology
• Footsteps of Truth
• Creation
• Science of Being
• Some Objections Answered
• Christian Science Practice (which explains how healing is undertaken)
• Teaching Christian Science
• Recapitulation (the text used for class instruction in Christian Science healing).

Key to the Scriptures

This section is 200 pages long, and comprises

• Genesis (a detailed analysis of the two versions of the creation story given in Genesis)
• The Apocalypse (an analysis of parts of Revelation)
• Glossary (giving the spiritual meaning of 114 Biblical terms)

Fruitage

The last 100 pages consist of 84 testimonials of the healing power derived from reading the text in Science and Health. There are descriptions of addiction, asthma, broken bone, cataract, cancer, deafness, eczema, a fibroid tumor, and rheumatism.

Copyright

1875–1934

The first edition was copyrighted in 1875 and went through more than four hundred revisions before Eddy's death in 1910. The copyright for Science and Health went through several renewals including a posthumous renewal in 1934 by the Christian Science Board of Directors.

1971 to date

At the request of the Christian Science Board of Directors, in December 1971 Congress passed a law extending the copyright on Science and Health by 75 years. However, following a legal suit brought by David James Nolan and Lucile J. Place of United Christian Scientists, the copyright extension was found unconstitutional in 1985 by Federal District Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson. In 1987 the United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia upheld the ruling of the district court. As a result, Science and Health has been in the public domain since 1987.

Editions

First edition of Science and Health (1875)

The first edition was printed by W F Brown & Co. Their invoice for 1000 copies, dated 30 October 1875, was made out to Geo. M Barry and Edward Hitchins for $2285.35. It consisted of 456 pages, plus 2 pages of errata. Unfortunately there were hundreds of typographic errors, some because the printer, not understanding the author's meaning, had tried to correct the wording without consulting her. The second edition, printed by Rand, Avery & Co, appeared in 1878, with 167 pages of new material. It was called "Science and Health Volume 2" to indicate that it was a supplement to the first edition, but it, too, was full of typographic errors. However the third edition, printed by John Wilson at the University Press in Cambridge was of a high standard. Twelve further two-volume editions followed, before the 16th edition appeared as a single volume in 1886. This edition of the book had 552 pages, plus an index of 38 pages, and "with Key to the Scriptures" had been added to the title. Mrs Eddy remained loyal to the University Press for the rest of her life, and in 1897 even made a substantial investment to save it from bankruptcy.

Mrs Eddy closed her college and left Boston in 1889, in order to revise the text for the 50th edition (1891). This consisted of 578 pages plus a 73 page index, and for the first time included marginal headings. The 226th "thousand" (edition) appeared in 1902, and this included "Fruitage," making up the page count of 700 pages which remains to this day. The last numbered edition was the 418th, which appeared in 1906, but further changes were made right up until 1910.

The German translation appeared in 1912. At Mrs. Eddy's insistence, the English text of each page was printed opposite the German translation. The same format was kept for the subsequent versions in other languages: Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Greek, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish and Swedish.

During the 1990s, a trade edition was released which included an index and a banner headline "More than 10 million copies sold." This edition was intended for marketing through ordinary booksellers.

Summary

Science and Health encapsulates the teachings of Christian Science and Christian Scientists often call it their "textbook." At Sunday services, passages from the book are read along with passages from the Bible. Eddy called the two books Christian Science's "dual and impersonal pastor."

Resources

• Eddy, Mary Baker (1906). Science & Health with Key to the Scriptures. The Christian Science Board of Directors.
• "The Constitution and the Christian Science Textbook". Mary Baker Eddy Institute. 2000. Retrieved 2006-10-15.
• Brosang, Ernest J. (1990). A Christian Science Library: A Descriptive and Extended Bibliography. privately printed.

External links

• Read Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures online
• The major milestones of "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" from the Mary Baker Eddy Library website
• Science and Health (First edition. Boston: Christian Scientist Publishing Company, 1875) from the National Library of Medicine

Category:Christian Science texts Category:1875 books Category:Works by Mary Baker Eddy Category:1875 in religion Category:19th-century Christian texts

Christian Science

(2) What is Christian Science? Jesus said: "I will pray the Father, and he shall give you another Comforter, that he may abide with you for ever: even the spirit of truth: you know him: for he dwelleth with you., I will not leave you comfortless: the Comforter, which is the Holy Ghost, he shall teach you all things whatsoever I have said unto you." St Paul also said: "Blessed be God, the God of all comfort; who comforteth us in all our tribulation, by the comfort wherewith we ourselves are comforted of God." Christian Scientists believe that the Comforter is laid down in Mrs Eddy's book, Science and Health, published in 1875. The Comforter is within these words, that Mrs Eddy called the Science of Being: , there is no life, truth, intelligence, nor substance in matter. All is infinite Mind and its infinite manifestation, for God's All-in-all. Spirit is immortal Truth; Spirit is God, and man is His image and likeness. Therefore man is not material; he is spiritual."

Thesis

All real being is in God, the divine Mind. Everything in God's universe expresses Him. Christ is the divine manifestation of God,and Jesus was the embodiment of Christ, Truth. So it is our duty to follow his example, to depart from material sense into the spiritual sense of being, and to prove our faith by demonstration. Not will-power, but the prayer of hope, faith, love, heals the sick.

Thesis

The Science referred to in the title is the universal law and activity of the divine Principle, Love, otherwise known as the only God, or good. Health signifies the wholeness, holiness and purity which are the inevitable outcome of Love's all-inclusive government. No one is left out. Before the operation of this divine Principle in human consciousness, evil loses its hold, and falls away as naturally as darkness gives place to light. Jesus is held to be the greatest exponent of this glorious Science. "His three days' work in the tomb set the seal of eternity on time. He proved Life to be deathless and Love to be the master of hate," (page 44). The reading of Science and Health transforms thought from a material sense of things to a spiritual sense.

Science and Health

The Bible and Science and Health

Mary Baker Eddy described Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures as her "most important work." At the suggestion of a physician she began writing it in February 1872, and the first edition was published in 1875. The Bible and this book are the central texts of the Christian Science religion.

Précis

The scientific statement of being

There is no life, truth, intelligence, nor substance in matter. All is infinite Mind and its infinite manifestation, for God is All-in-all. Spirit is immortal Truth; matter is mortal error. Spirit is the real and eternal; matter is the unreal and temporal. Spirit is God, and man is His image and likeness. Therefore man is not material; he is spiritual.

"God is All-in all." "God is good." "God is Mind, and God is infinite; hence all is Mind." Christian Science develops its theology and its healing method from these simple, yet radical statements. The conclusions are that we are all perfect spiritual ideas of the one divine Mind, and manifest Spirit, not a material body. The five physical senses, which take no account of Spirit, are the origin of all false beliefs. Sickness is just a belief, not a property of matter, and it must be annihilated by the understanding of the divine Mind. Praying from this standpoint removes the belief and brings healing. This proves that this Science is correct, and that one has understood it.

Sections

The latest edition of the book consists of three sections. Following a short preface, the main section, 500 pages long, comprises the chapters on Prayer; Atonement and Eucharist; Marriage; Christian Science versus Spiritualism; Animal Magnetism Unmasked; Science,Theology,Medicine; Physiology; Footsteps of Truth; Creation; Science of Being; Some Objections Answered; Christian Science Practice (which explains how healing is undertaken); Teaching Christian Science; and Recapitulation (this chapter is the text used for class instruction in Christian Science healing).

The second section, "Key to the Scriptures", gives a detailed analysis of the two versions of the creation story given in Genesis, and of parts of Revelation. It concludes with a glossary of spiritual meanings of terms used in the Bible, and elsewhere.

The final section, "Fruitage", consists of 84 letters written by individuals who said they had been healed - simply by reading the book - of conditions such as addictions to tobacco and alcohol, asthma, a broken bone, cataract, cancer, deafness, eczema, a fibroid tumor, and rheumatism.

Copyright

The first edition was copyrighted in 1875 (Eddy, 1910 : p. ii). The copyright for Science and Health went through several renewals including a posthumous renewal in 1934 by the Christian Science Board of Directors (Eddy, 1910 : p. ii). At the request of the Christian Science Board of Directors, in December 1971 Congress passed a law extending the copyright on Science and Health by 75 years. However, following a legal suit brought by David James Nolan and Lucile J. Place, the copyright extension was found unconstitutional in 1987 by Federal District Judge Thomas Penfield Jackson. This decision was then upheld in The United States Court of Appeals for the District of Columbia. As a result, Science and Health has been in the public domain since 1987.

Editions

First edition of Science and Health (1875)

The first edition was printed by W F Brown & Co. Their invoice for 1000 copies, dated 30 October 1975, was made out to Geo. M Barry and Edward Hitchins for $2285.35. It consisted of 456 pages, plus 2 pages of errata. Unfortunately there were hundreds of typographic errors, some because the printer, not understanding the author's meaning, had tried to correct the wording without consulting her. The second edition, printed by Rand, Avery & Co, appeared in 1878, with 167 pages of new material. It was called "Science and Health Volume 2" to indicate that it was a supplement to the first edition, but it, too, was full of typographic errors. However the third edition, printed by John Wilson at the University Press in Cambridge was of a high standard. Twelve further two-volume editions followed, before the 16th edition appeared as a single volume in 1886. This edition of the book had 552 pages, plus an index of 38 pages, and "with Key to the Scriptures" had been added to the title. Mrs Eddy remained loyal to the University Press for the rest of her life, and in 1897 even made a substantial investment to save it from bankruptcy.

Mrs Eddy closed her college and left Boston in 1889, in order to revise the text for the 50th edition (1891). This consisted of 578 pages plus a 73 page index, and for the first time included marginal headings. The 226th "thousand" (edition) appeared in 1902, and this included "Fruitage," making up the page count of 700 pages which remains to this day. The last numbered edition was the 418th, which appeared in 1906, but further changes were made right up until 1910.

The German translation appeared in 1912. At Mrs. Eddy's insistence, the English text of each page was printed opposite the German translation. The same format was kept for the subsequent versions in other languages: Czech, Danish, Dutch, Finnish, French, Greek, Indonesian, Italian, Japanese, Polish, Portuguese, Russian, Spanish and Swedish.

During the 1990s, a trade edition was released which included an index and a banner headline "More than 10 million copies sold." This edition was intended for marketing through ordinary booksellers.

Summary

Science and Health encapsulates the teachings of Christian Science and Christian Scientists often call it their "textbook." At Sunday services, passages from the book are read along with passages from the Bible. Eddy called the two books Christian Science's "dual and impersonal pastor."

Resources

• Eddy, Mary Baker (1910). Science & Health with Key to the Scriptures. The Christian Science Board of Directors.
• "The Constitution and the Christian Science Textbook". Mary Baker Eddy Institute. 2000. Retrieved 2006-10-15.

External links

• Read Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures online
• Listen to Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures online
• The major editions of "Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures" from the Mary Baker Eddy Library website
• Christian Science official website
• Science and Health (First edition. Boston: Christian Scientist Publishing Company, 1875) from the National Library of Medicine

Category:Christian Science texts Category:1875 books Category:Works by Mary Baker Eddy Category:1875 in religion Category:19th-century Christian texts

Misc

Works of Mary Baker Eddy

•Science and Health with Key to the Scriptures •Manual of The Mother Church •Miscellaneous Writings 1883–1896 •Retrospection and Introspection •Unity of Good •Pulpit and Press •Rudimental Divine Science •No and Yes •Christian Science versus Pantheism •Message to The Mother Church for 1900 •Message to The Mother Church for 1901 •Message to The Mother Church for 1902 •Christian Healing •The People’s Idea of God — Its Effect on Health and Christianity •The First Church of Christ, Scientist, and Miscellany •Poems •Christ and Christmas

Formats for footnotes

Reference to Miscellaneous Writings Mis 322:10-15

Reference to S&H p 113

Reference to S&H p 468

Reference in KJV to Acts(1:12–26)

Reference to all versions

Reference to ESV Luke 13:1–5

Reference to KJV one verse only

KJV four verses

ASV one verse

According to a [2005] Newsweek Poll, 72 percent of Americans ... say they believe that praying to God can cure someone, even if science says the person doesn’t stand a chance.

Faith healing

Parts of the four gospels in the New Testament say that Jesus cured physical ailments well outside the capacity of first-century medicine. Most dramatic perhaps is the case of "a woman who had had a discharge of blood for twelve years, and who had suffered much under many physicians, and had spent all that she had, and was not better but rather grew worse."Mark 5:26–27 After healing her, Jesus tells her, "Daughter, your faith has made you well. Go in peace! Be cured from your illness."Mark 5:34 At least two other times Jesus credited the sufferer's faith as the means of being healed: Mark 10:52 and Luke 19:10.

− − Jesus endorsed the use of the medical assistance of the time (medicines of oil and wine) when he praised the Good Samaritan for acting as a physician, telling his disciples to go and do the same thing that the Samaritan did in the story.

− − The healing in the gospels is referred to as a "sign"John 6:2 to prove Jesus' divinity and to foster belief in him as the Christ.John 4:48 However, when asked for other types of miracles, Jesus refused someMatthew 12:38–42 but granted othersLuke 9:38–43 in consideration of the motive of the request. Some theologians' understanding is that Jesus healed all who were present every single time. Sometimes he determines whether they had faith that he would heal them.

− − Jesus told his followers to heal the sick and stated that signs such as healing are evidence of faith. Jesus also told his followers to "cure sick people, raise up dead persons, make lepers clean, expel demons. You received free, give free".Matthew 10:8Mark 16:17–18

− − Jesus sternly ordered many who received healing from him: "Do not tell anyone!" Jesus did not approve of anyone asking for a sign just for the spectacle of it, describing such as coming from a "wicked and adulterous generation."Matthew 12:38–39

− − The apostle Paul believed healing is one of the special gifts of the Holy Spirit,1 Corinthians 12:9 and that the possibility exists that certain persons may possess this gift to an extraordinarily high degree.

− − In the New Testament Epistle of James,5:14 the faithful are told that to be healed, those who are sick should call upon the elders of the church to pray over [them] and anoint [them] with oil in the name of the Lord.

− − The New Testament says that during Jesus' ministry and after his Resurrection, the apostles healed the sick and cast out demons, made lame men walk, raised the dead and did many other miraculous things.