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Vushtrri

Coordinates: 42°49′N 20°58′E / 42.817°N 20.967°E / 42.817; 20.967
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Vučitrn
Vushtrri
Municipality and city
(Vučitrn)
Vushtrri (Vushtrria)
Vučitrn City Park and Tomb (Turbe) of Karabash.
Vučitrn City Park and Tomb (Turbe) of Karabash.
Official seal of Vučitrn Vushtrri
Seal
CountryKosovo[a]
DistrictDistrict of Kosovska Mitrovica
Area
 • Municipality and city435 km2 (168 sq mi)
Population
 (2011)
 • Municipality and city69,881 (municipality)
 • Density202.6/km2 (525/sq mi)
 • Metro
30,000 City
Time zoneUTC+1 (CET)
 • Summer (DST)UTC+2 (CEST)
Postal code
42000
Area code+381
Car plates02

Vučitrn or Vushtrri (Albanian: Vushtrri or Vushtrria; Serbian: Вучитрн, Vučitrn, pronounced [ʋǔtʃitr̩ːn]; Turkish: Vıçıtırın; Latin: Vicianum) is a city and municipality in north-eastern Kosovo.[a] It is the seat of the Kosovska Mitrovica District. The name of the city means "wolf's thorn", the name of the spiny restharrow plant in Serbian.[1]

Although there is no official data, the total population of the municipality is estimated at 69,881. It is also the home of the Kosovo Centre for Public Safety Education and Development, formerly the Kosovo Police Service School, where Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (OSCE) trained the new multiethnic police service following the departure of the Serbs in 1999. The staff at the training school were made up of serving and retired police officers from the member states of the OSCE.

Ancient history

Vicianum ("Area of Calves") is the Roman name of the town. At the end of the first century B.C., Viciana was conquered by the Romans. During this occupation, Viciana developed a considerable economy and a thriving culture. After the fall of the Roman Empire, Viciana was transferred to Byzantine rule. After the Great Schism of the Church in 1054, the majority of Vicianum's population remained Orthodox.[citation needed]

During Middle Ages, Vicianum transferred into town that was formed around Vojinovića Tower, as contemporary chroniclers write. Serbian Emperor Dušan enlarged the fortress.

Ancient Vojinović Bridge in the town.

In the fourteenth century the Ottoman Empire began to expand into the Balkans, with the Ottoman presence in Vučitrn first recorded in 1439, 50 years after the 1389 Battle of Kosovo signaled the entrance of the Ottomans to Kosovo. The establishment of Ottoman administration in Vučitrn spread Islam to the municipality and the construction of mosques, inns, madrassas and hamams (public baths) followed. Between the 15th–18th centuries, Vučitrn was one of the largest settlements in the Balkans and it was the center of a very important sandjak (administrative unit) of the Ottoman Empire.[2]

20th century history

1912 saw an end to centuries long Ottoman rule as a result of the First Balkan War. Vučitrn and the entire surrounding area joined the Kingdom of Serbia that year in an event that would be internationally recognised the following year. However, by 1914, World War I had broken out and Vučitrn was occupied by Austria-Hungary; after the war when which the Central European powers had been driven out, Serbia joined the Kingdom of Serbs, Croats and Slovenes.

During World War II the city was incorporated into the German zone of occupation. In November 1944, the Yugoslav Communist administration was established.

In March 1989, Serbian Communist authorities abolished the Constitution of 1974, restoring Kosovo's status as after the 1971 amendments of the 1963 constitution. It was a move widely seen to disenfranchise the local ethnnic Albanian authorities in the region and this eventually led to an armed uprising organized by the Kosovo Liberation Army (KLA), and the intervention by NATO forces in March–June 1999.[citation needed] NATO forces entered Vučitrn on 16 June 1999.

Demographics

Ethnic Composition, Including IDPs
Year/Population Albanian  % Serb  % Roma  % Ashkali  % Total
January 1999 81,807 93.3 5,466 6.2 300 3.4 150 1.7 87,723
Current figure, est. 98,000 95.4 4,137 4.0 125 1.2 400 3.9 102,662
Ref: Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe (PDF/ HTML)[dead link]

Official languages

In Vučitrn Municipality Albanian, and Turkish languages are official languages.[3]

Notable people

See also

Notes and references

Notes:

  1. ^ a b Template:Kosovo-note

References:

  1. ^ Mirjana Detelić: Градови у хришћанској и муслиманској епици, Belgrade, 2004. ISBN 86-7179-039-8
  2. ^ Bradt Travel Guide Kosovo - Page 257 Gail Warrander, Verena Knaus - 2011 "Vushtrri at the time had a majority Christian population and only 47 Muslim households. The high concentration of Ottoman soldiers and administrators accelerated the spread of Islam, first among the urban population and gradually also in the ..."
  3. ^ OSCE Implementation of the Law on the Use of Languages by Kosovo Municipalities
  4. ^ Dérens, Jean-Arnault (2006). Kosovo, année zéro. Harvard College Library: Paris Paris-Méditerranée 2006. p. 365. Retrieved 2010-05-31. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  5. ^ Bradt Travel Guide Kosovo. Bradt Travel Guides. 2007. p. 87. ISBN 1-84162-199-4. Retrieved 2010-05-31. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)

External links

42°49′N 20°58′E / 42.817°N 20.967°E / 42.817; 20.967

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