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Barton-upon-Humber

Coordinates: 53°41′00″N 0°27′00″W / 53.6833°N 0.4500°W / 53.6833; -0.4500
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Barton-upon-Humber
Market Place, Barton-upon-Humber
Barton-upon-Humber is located in Lincolnshire
Barton-upon-Humber
Barton-upon-Humber
Location within Lincolnshire
Population11,066 (2011 Census)[1]
OS grid referenceTA030221
• London150 mi (240 km) S
Civil parish
  • Barton
Unitary authority
Ceremonial county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townBarton-upon-Humber
Postcode districtDN18
Dialling code01652
PoliceHumberside
FireHumberside
AmbulanceEast Midlands
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Lincolnshire
53°41′00″N 0°27′00″W / 53.6833°N 0.4500°W / 53.6833; -0.4500

Barton-upon-Humber (/ˈbɑːrtən əˈpɒn ˈhʌmbʌr/) or Barton is a town and civil parish in North Lincolnshire, England. The population at the 2011 census was 11,066.[1] It is situated on the south bank of the Humber Estuary at the southern end of the Humber Bridge. It is 6 miles (10 km) south-west of Kingston upon Hull and 31 miles (50 km) north north-east of the county town of Lincoln. Other nearby towns include Scunthorpe to the south-west and Grimsby to the south-east.

Geography

Barton is on the south bank of the Humber Estuary and is at the southern end of the Humber Bridge. The Viking Way starts near the bridge.[2]

Transport connections

The Barton – Cleethorpes Branch Line (opened 1849) via Grimsby terminates at Barton-on-Humber railway station. The A15 passes to the west of the town cutting through Beacon Hill, and has a junction with the A1077 Ferriby Road to South Ferriby. The B1218 passes north–south through the town, and leads to Barton Waterside. Bus services provided by Stagecoach in Lincolnshire and East Yorkshire link the town with Cleethorpes, Grimsby, Scunthorpe and Hull.[citation needed]

History

Prehistoric

Cropmarks and the discovery of polished handaxes in the area surrounding Barton-upon-Humber suggest that the area was inhabited at least as far back as the Neolithic (circa 4000 to circa 2,500 BCE).[3][4]

Roman

No Roman settlement has been found in Barton-upon-Humber, though individual discoveries dating to the Roman period have been made: in 1828 a Roman cremation and an inhumation were discovered,[5] in 1967 part of a Roman road was excavated near Bereton school (now Baysgarth school),[6] and other finds of coins, potteries, querns, and other Roman objects have been made.[7][8][9] The Deepdale Hoard was discovered in the vicinity in 1979.[10]

Anglo-Saxon

St Peter's Church, Barton-upon-Humber, now administered by English Heritage

St Peter's Church has a Saxon tower. An Anglo-Saxon inhumation cemetery at Castledyke South, in use from the late 5th or early 6th century until the late 7th century, was investigated and partially excavated 1975–90: the skeletal remains of 227 individuals were identified, including one who had undergone (and survived) trepanning.[11] The church was reopened in May 2007 as a resource for medical research into the development of diseases, and ossuary, containing the bones and skeletons of some 2,750 people whose remains were removed between 1978 and 1984 from the 1,000-year-old burial site, after the Church of England made the church redundant in 1972.[12][13][14] The significance of the human remains lies in their representing the pathology of an isolated community over the period ca. 950-ca. 1850. An excavation report on this, one of England's most extensively investigated parish churches (including a volume on the human remains) was published in 2007.[15][16] The Castledyke South area, has been suggested to be the site of one of the most defining battles in the history of the British Isles.[17] Historical sources relating to the Battle of Brunanburh AD 937, tell of a huge fleet of warships entering the River Humber led by Olaf Guthfrithsson. Olaf and a coalition force, met King Æthelstan and his army in battle and were overwhelmed, after which, the defeated warriors and their leaders were said to have escaped in their ships.[18]

Medieval

Barton is mentioned as a Medieval borough in documents dating from 1086, 1216–1272 and 1298.[19] A ferry to Hull was first recorded in 1086,[20] and remained in operation until 1851, but this was superseded by a ferry at New Holland which began in 1820.[citation needed] The oldest residential building in Barton is 51 Fleetgate: it dates back to 1325 with the majority of the front of the building dating to 1425.[21] The Medieval manor in Barton was Tyrwhitt Hall which dates to at least the 15th century.

Churches

There are two Medieval churches extant in Barton-upon-Humber, St Peter's and St Mary's, located only about 170 yards apart. St Peter's is a large, mostly Anglo-Saxon church and predates St Mary's — which may have originated as a chapel on the original market place, enlarged and increasing in importance as the town's trade thrived in the 12th and 13th centuries.[22][23][24][25]

18th century

19th century

The former head office of Elswick Hopper under conversion into flats (2006)

20th century

  • The war memorial records the deaths of 165 men from Barton who died fighting in the First World War.[34] The memorial was unveiled on 3 April 1921 and is a Grade II listed structure.[35]
  • A further 48 men and women who died fighting in the Second World War are also recorded on the memorial.[34]
  • In 1922 the Oxford Picture Theatre opened on Newport. It was subsequently renamed as the 'Oxford Cinema', and closed in 1966. The building has since been used as a bingo hall and sports centre.[36]
  • The Star Theatre was opened on Fleetgate around 1934. By 1953 it had been renamed the Star cinema. It closed in June 1957 and was subsequently demolished.[37]

Education

Baysgarth School,[38] on Barrow Road, is a comprehensive school for ages 11–18. There are also three primary schools: St Peter's Church of England, on Marsh Lane;[39] the Castledyke Primary School[40] (formerly Barton County School), on the B1218; and Bowmandale Primary School,[41] in the south of the town.

Barton Grammar School,[42] which opened in 1931, used to be on Caistor Road. Henry Treece, the poet and author, was a teacher at the grammar school.[citation needed]

Industry

The clay pits on the Humber foreshore were the focus of a tile and cement industry from 1850 to 1959.[43] The industrial sites were abandoned in the early 20th century once supplies of clay began to run out. The clay workings filled with water and became colonised by species of reeds. The reserve was acquired by Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust in 1983, who opened it as Far Ings National Nature Reserve in the same year.[44]

For 20 years, Barton-upon-Humber was home to a 750,000 square feet (70,000 m2) site for Kimberly-Clark. The site closed in March 2013 and more than 200 jobs were lost.[45] Wren Kitchens bought the site and moved to a new head office, 'The Nest', on the site, initially employing 429 people.[46] Wren extended the site in 2016, creating an additional 600 jobs.[47] In 2019 Wren announced successful plans to build a £120million extension to the site. The new site was expected to employ an additional 535 people.[48]

Culture

Events

An annual 'Bike night', a social event in the town celebrating motorcycles, has been held since 1997.[49] An annual arts festival has been held in Barton-upon-Humber since 1998.[50]

Museums

Since 1981, there has been a local history museum based in Baysgarth House, within Baysgarth Park.[51] In 2009, the Wilderspin National School museum opened following a £1.9 million funding investment. The school focuses on the life and works of Samuel Wilderspin.[52] In September 2020 an archive and exhibition centre dedicated to Ted Lewis was opened on Ferriby Road.[53]

Public Houses

Barton-upon-Humber has at least seven extant public houses, including The Volunteer Arms, The George Hotel, and The Wheatsheaf.[54] At least thirteen former public houses have been recorded from Barton, including the Steam Packet (on Fleetgate) which was demolished in 1848 in advance of the new railway here, and the Whitecross Tavern which closed in 1926.[55] Former pubs which have recently closed and since been redeveloped include The Blue Bell, which was redeveloped in 2016 into a housing complex named Blue Bell Court,[56] and the Carnival Inn, which was demolished in 2013.[57]

Notable people

Notable people associated with Barton-upon-Humber
Name Image Occupation Dates Barton status Comments Reference
Frank Barton Footballer b. 1947 Born in Barton-upon-Humber [58][59]
Nancy Birtwhistle Chef Resident of Barton-upon-Humber Winner of BBC TV show The Great British Bake Off [60]
Robert Brown Solicitor, Classicist, and local historian 1844–1912 Born in and resident of Barton-upon-Humber [61]
Jamie Cann Politician 1946–2001 Born in Barton-upon-Humber MP for Ipswich [62]
Alexander D. Costello Politician 1995 Born in Barton-upon-Humber junior United States Senator (c2020-22) [63]
Janet E. Courtney Writer and scholar 1865–1954 Born in Barton-upon-Humber Writer and editor for the Encyclopædia Britannica. appointed an OBE and served as a Justice of the peace [64]
Francis John French Civil servant 1941–2002 Awarded MBE in the 2002 New Year Honours [65]
Ken H. Harrison Comic book artist b. 1940 Drew Desperate Dan for the Dandy [66]
David George Hogarth Archaeologist 1862–1927 Born in Barton-upon-Humber Keeper of the Ashmolean Museum, Oxford from 1909 to 1927 [67]
Thomas Johnson Botanist and teacher 1863–1954 Born in Barton-upon-Humber Fellow of the Linnean Society [68]
Robert Elmer Kleason Criminal 1934–2003 Resident of Barton-upon-Humber from 1990 American citizen who was convicted and sentenced to death in 1975 for the murder of two Mormon missionaries near Austin, Texas [69]
Ted Lewis Author 1940–1982 Resident of Barton-upon-Humber after c.1945 Lewis's best known work was adapted as the film Get Carter[70] [71]
David Mason Royal Marine and teacher Educated in Barton-upon-Humber 1986–1991 Awarded MBE in the 2021 New Year Honours [72]
Paddy Mills Footballer 1900–1994 Grew up in Barton-upon-Humber [73]
Philip Pape Sculptor and stonemason 1910–1982 Resident in Barton-upon-Humber from 1913. Lived in Tyrwhitt Hall 1960–1982. [74]
Isaac Pitman Teacher 1813–1897 Resident and teacher in Barton-upon-Humber c. 1831 – 1835 Inventor of the Pitman shorthand method [75]
Peter D. Robinson Bishop b. 1969 Grew up in Barton-upon-Humber Presiding Bishop of the United Episcopal Church of North America [76]
William Shaw Priest 18th Century Born in Barton-upon-Humber Founded Barton, Maryland, USA, in 1794 [77]
Margaret Sidell Local councillor Resident of Barton-upon-Humber Awarded the British Empire Medal in the 2022 New Year Honours for services to the local community of Barton. [78]
Gilbert Sissons Priest 1870–1940 Born in Barton-upon-Humber Archdeacon of Gibraltar from 1916 to 1929 and of Italy and the French Riviera from 1929 to 1934 [79]
Henry Treece Poet and writer 1911–1966 Resident of Barton-upon-Humber [80]
Chad Varah Priest 1911–2007 Born in Barton-upon-Humber Founder of the Samaritans and named after St Chad's Church on Waterside Road [81]
Samuel Wilderspin Educator 1791–1866 Teacher in Barton-upon-Humber Pioneer of infant education. [82]
Vanessa Winship Photographer b. 1960 Born in Barton-upon-Humber Winner of two World Press Photo Awards [83]
Wendy Witter Councillor b. 1936 Resident of Barton-upon-Humber Awarded MBE in the 1992 New Year Honours [84][85]

See also

References

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  2. ^ "Recreational Route: East Midlands — Viking Way". Ramblers.org. Archived from the original on 14 August 2007. Retrieved 30 July 2007.
  3. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 1335424". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  4. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 79007". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  5. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 78999". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  6. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 79051". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  7. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 79016". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  8. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 79010". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  9. ^ Historic England. "Monument No. 79054". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  10. ^ "Hoard Details 1240". Coin Hoards of the Roman Empire. Ashmolean Museum. Retrieved 15 July 2022.
  11. ^ Drinkall, G.; Foreman, Martin & Welch, Martin G. (1998). The Anglo-Saxon cemetery at Castledyke South, Barton-on-Humber. Sheffield: Sheffield Academic Press. ISBN 9781850756439.
  12. ^ "Church finds there's life in the old bones yet". Ekklesia and Ecumenical News International. Retrieved 18 August 2007.
  13. ^ "Skeleton collection goes on show". London: BBC News. 24 May 2007. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  14. ^ "Reburial for Anglo Saxon remains". London: BBC News. 7 March 2008. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  15. ^ Rodwell, Warwick (2007). St Peter's, Barton-upon-Humber, Lincolnshire : A Parish Church and its Community. Volume 1, History, archaeology and architecture. Oxford: Oxbow. ISBN 9781842173251.
  16. ^ Waldron, Tony; Rodwell, Warwick (2007). St Peter's Barton-upon-Humber, Lincolnshire Volume 2, The human remains. Oxford: Oxbow. ISBN 9781842173251.
  17. ^ Deakin, Michael. "Brunnanburh-The burh at the Spring: The Battle of South Humberside". EYLHS Historian Journal. 21: 27–44.
  18. ^ The Chronicle of John of Worcester, ed. R. Darlington and P. McGurk, 2 (Oxford, 1995), p.387
  19. ^ Historic England. "Barton-upon-Humber (922063)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  20. ^ Historic England. "The Barton Ferry (79005)". Research records (formerly PastScape). Retrieved 16 November 2018.
  21. ^ "51 Fleetgate". Barton Civic Society. Retrieved 3 December 2018.
  22. ^ Varah, Hugh. "Visitors' Guide and History of Saint Mary's Church". The Parish Church of Saint Mary the Virgin. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  23. ^ "St Peter's Church, Barton-upon-Humber". English Heritage. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  24. ^ Historic England. "St Peter's Church (Grade I) (1083103)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
  25. ^ Historic England. "St Mary's Church (Grade I) (1346773)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 4 December 2013.
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  29. ^ Historic England. "Former National School (1252199)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 21 December 2018.
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  32. ^ Historic England. "Oddfellows Hall, Barton upon Humber (1083013)". National Heritage List for England. Retrieved 28 December 2018.
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  39. ^ "Home". Barton St Peter's Church of England Primary School. 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  40. ^ "Home". Castledyke Primary School. 2015. Retrieved 31 July 2015.
  41. ^ "Home". Bowmandale Primary School. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
  42. ^ "Old Barton Grammar School". Barton Grammar School. Archived from the original on 16 July 2007. Retrieved 18 February 2015.
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  44. ^ "A brief history of Far Ings". Lincolnshire Wildlife Trust. Archived from the original on 26 August 2014. Retrieved 1 February 2020.
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  83. ^ "Former pupil turned photographer returns to school as part of project". Scunthorpe Telegraph. 2 February 2011. Archived from the original on 22 December 2015.
  84. ^ "Barton upon Humber Civic Society Annual Award". The Bartonian. Vol. 79. November 2019. p. 6.
  85. ^ "Supplement" (PDF). The London Gazette. 31 December 1991. p. 17.

Further information

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Barton-upon-Humber.
Wikisource has the text of the 1911 Encyclopædia Britannica article "Barton-upon-Humber".
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