From Wikipedia, the free encyclopedia
Muscle |
Origin |
Insertion |
Artery |
Nerve |
Action |
Antagonist
|
trapezius |
down the midline, from the external occipital protuberance, the nuchal ligament, the medial part of the superior nuchal line, and the spinous processes of the vertebrae C7-T12 |
at the shoulders, into the lateral third of the clavicle, the acromion process and into the spine of the scapula |
transverse cervical artery |
major nerve supply is the cranial nerve XI. cervical nerves C3 and C4 receive information about pain in this muscle |
retraction and elevation of scapula. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
latissimus dorsi |
spinous processes of thoracic T6-T12, thoracolumbar fascia, iliac crest and inferior 3 or 4 ribs |
floor of intertubercular groove of the humerus |
subscapular artery, dorsal scapular artery |
thoracodorsal nerve |
pulls the forelimb dorsally and caudally |
deltoid, trapezius
|
rhomboids |
nuchal ligaments, spinous processes of C7-T5 vertebrae |
medial border of the scapula |
dorsal scapular artery |
dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) |
Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
rhomboid major |
spinous processes of the T2 to T5 vertebrae |
medial border of the scapula, inferior to the insertion of rhomboid minor muscle |
dorsal scapular artery |
dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) |
Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
rhomboid minor |
nuchal ligaments and spinous processes of C7- to T1 vertebrae |
medial border of the scapula, superior to the insertion of rhomboid major muscle |
dorsal scapular artery |
dorsal scapular nerve (C4 and C5) |
Retracts the scapula and rotates it to depress the glenoid cavity. It also fixes the scapula to the thoracic wall. |
Serratus anterior muscle
|
levator scapulae |
posterior tubercles of transverse processes of C1 - C4 vertebrae |
superior part of medial border of scapula |
dorsal scapular artery |
cervical nerve (C3, C4) and dorsal scapular nerve (C5) |
Elevates scapula and tilts its glenoid cavity inferiorly by rotating scapula |
|
Muscle |
Origin |
Insertion |
Artery |
Nerve |
Action |
Antagonist
|
pectoralis major |
anterior surface of the medial half of the clavicle
Sternocostal head: anterior surface of the sternum, the superior six costal cartilages
|
intertubercular groove of the humerus |
pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk |
lateral pectoral nerve and medial pectoral nerve
Clavicular head: C5 and C6 Sternocostal head: C7, C8 and T1
|
Adducts and medially rotates the humerus. It also draws the scapula anteriorly and inferiorly.
Clavicular head: flexes the humerus Sternocostal head: horizontally adducts the humerus
|
pectoralis minor |
3rd to 5th ribs, near their costal cartilages |
medial border and superior surface of the coracoid process of the scapula |
pectoral branch of the thoracoacromial trunk |
Medial pectoral nerves (C8, T1) |
stabilizes the scapula by drawing it inferiorly and anteriorly against the thoracic wall |
|
subclavius |
first rib |
subclavian groove of clavicle |
thoracoacromial artery, clavicular branch |
nerve to subclavius |
depression of clavicle |
|
serratus anterior |
fleshy slips from the outer surface of upper 8 or 9 ribs |
costal aspect of medial margin of the scapula |
lateral thoracic artery (upper part), thoracodorsal artery (lower part) |
long thoracic nerve (from roots of brachial plexus C5, C6, C7) |
protract and stabilize scapula, assists in upward rotation |
rhomboid major, rhomboid minor, trapezius
|
Superficial[edit]
Superficial[edit]
Muscle |
Origin |
Insertion |
Artery |
Nerve |
Action |
Antagonist
|
supinator |
Lateral epicondyle of the humerus, supinator crest of ulna, radial collateral ligament, annular ligament |
Lateral proximal radial shaft |
radial recurrent artery |
deep branch of radial nerve (C7, C8) |
supinates forearm |
Pronator teres, Pronator quadratus
|
extensor indicis |
ulna |
index finger (extensor hood) |
|
posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) |
extends index finger, wrist |
|
Anatomical snuff box
|
abductor pollicis longus |
ulna, radial styloid process |
first metacarpal |
|
posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) |
abduction, extension of thumb |
Adductor pollicis muscle
|
extensor pollicis brevis |
radius |
thumb, proximal phalanx |
posterior interosseous artery |
posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) |
extension of thumb at metacarpophalangeal joint |
Flexor pollicis longus muscle, Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
|
extensor pollicis longus |
ulna |
thumb, distal phalanx |
|
posterior interosseous nerve (C7, C8) |
extension of the thumb (metacarpophalangeal and interphalangeal) |
Flexor pollicis longus muscle, Flexor pollicis brevis muscle
|
Lateral volar[edit]
Medial volar[edit]
Intermediate[edit]
Table of muscles of the human body/End
Category:Muscles of the upper limb