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{{short description|Province of the Roman Empire in the Balkans in Late Antiquity}}
[[File:Balkans 6th century.svg|thumb|right|250px|Map of the northern [[Balkans]] in the 6th century, including the Diocese of Dacia and its provinces.]]
{{Infobox former subdivision
|native_name = {{aut|Provincia Dacia Mediterranea}}<br>{{native name|el|Επαρχία Δακίας Μεσογείου|italics=no}}
|conventional_long_name = Dacia Mediterranea
|common_name = Dacia Mediterranea
|
|image_coat =
|symbol =
|symbol_type =
|image_map = Balkans 6th century.svg
|image_map_caption = The northern Balkans, including Dacia Mediterranea, in the 6th century
|
|subdivision = Province
|nation = Roman Empire
|status_text =
|government_type =
|
|year_start = 320s
|year_end = c.602
|life_span =
|
|capital = [[Serdica]] <small>(now [[Sofia]], [[Bulgaria]])</small>
|latd= |latm= |latNS= |longd= |longm= |longEW=
|national_motto =
|national_anthem =
|political_subdiv =
|today =
|
|era =
|event_pre = Evacuation of [[Roman Dacia|Dacia Traiana]], creation of [[Dacia Aureliana]]
|date_pre = 271
|event_start = Dacia Ripensis partitioned
|date_start =
|event1 =
|date_event1 =
|event2 =
|date_event2 =
|event3 =
|date_event3 =
|event4 =
|date_event4 =
|event_end = Devastated by [[Avars (Carpathians)|Avar]] invasion
|date_end =
|event_post =
|date_post =
|
|p1 = Dacia Aureliana
|image_p1 =
|s1 = Pannonian Avars
|image_s1 =
|
|stat_year1 =
|stat_area1 =
|stat_pop1 =
|footnotes =
}}


'''Dacia Mediterranea''' (''Inner Dacia'') is a part of the former [[Dacia Aureliana]] divided by [[Diocletian]].
'''Dacia Mediterranea''' (Mid-land [[Dacia]]; {{Lang-el|Δακία Μεσόγειος|Dakia Mesogeios}}) was a late antique [[Roman province]], whose capital city was [[Serdica]] (or Sardica; later Sradetz or Sredets, now [[Sofia]]).


The date for the establishment of Dacia Mediterranea is uncertain. It was traditionally held to have been established at the same time as [[Dacia Ripensis]], with both provinces being carved out of the former [[Dacia Aureliana]] as part of the [[Diocletian|Diocletianic]] restructuring of the [[Roman province]]s during the 290s. However, as Dacia Mediterranea contained cities that were never part of Dacia Aureliana (such as [[Naissus]]), it is now believed that the province was established in the 320s, during the reign of [[Constantine I]], and was formed with territory taken from the provinces of [[Dardania (Roman province)|Dardania]], [[Thracia]] and the partition of Dacia Ripensis (with Ripensis losing its capital, Serdica, in the process, a city that was previously also the capital of Dacia Aureliana).{{sfn|Mócsy|2014|p=274}}
[[Sofia|Serdica]] is the province capital.


Lying immediately south of Dacia Ripensis, the province was governed by a ''[[Consularis]]''.{{sfn|Nicholson|2018|p=449}} In 535, the [[Byzantine emperor|emperor]] [[Justinian I]] (527–565) created the [[Archbishopric of Justiniana Prima]] as a regional primacy with ecclesiastical jurisdiction over all provinces of the [[Diocese of Dacia]], including the province of ''Dacia Mediterranea''.{{sfn|Turlej|2016|p=47-86}} During this time he also strengthened the fortifications of various cities in the province, including Serdica, Naissus, [[Sapareva Banya|Germania]] and [[Pautalia]]. He also added forts to existing cities, such as [[Remesiana]].{{sfn|Turlej|2016|p=104-105}}
== Episcopal sees ==


Dacia Mediterranea was caught up in the devastation of the [[Pannonian Avars|Avar]] and Slav invasions of the late 6th and early 7th centuries, and was lost at the same time as the [[Diocese of Dacia]], although pockets of the province continued to remain in [[Byzantine Empire|Byzantine]] hands, such as Serdica and its immediate surrounds. These south-eastern remnants were eventually absorbed into the [[Thrace (theme)|Theme of Thrace]] by the late 7th century.
Ancient episcopal sees of the late Roman province of Dacia Mediterranea listed in the ''[[Annuario Pontificio]]'' as [[titular see]]s:<ref>''Annuario Pontificio 2013'' (Libreria Editrice Vaticana, 2013, ISBN 978-88-209-9070-1), "Sedi titolari", pp. 819-1013</ref>
{{columns-list|3|
*[[Sapareva Banya|Germania in Dacia]]
*[[Archbishopric of Justiniana Prima|Iustiniana Prima]]
*[[Naissus (see)|Naissus]]
*[[Remesiana]]
*[[Kyustendil|Velebusdus]]
}}


== References ==
== References ==
{{Reflist}}
{{Reflist}}


== Sources ==
[[Category:Dacia]]
{{refbegin|2}}
* {{Cite book|last=Cvjetićanin|first=Tatjana|title=Late Roman Glazed Pottery: Glazed Pottery from Moesia Prima, Dacia Ripensis, Dacia Mediterranea and Dardania|year=2006|location=Belgrade|publisher=National Museum|isbn=9788672690880 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=ZeFNET4x2tsC}}
* {{Cite book|last=Grumeza|first=Ion|title=Dacia: Land of Transylvania, Cornerstone of Ancient Eastern Europe|year=2009|location=Lanham|publisher=Hamilton Books|isbn=9780761844662 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=1kOMSQnGm_cC}}
* {{Cite book|last=Mócsy|first=András|title=Pannonia and Upper Moesia: A History of the Middle Danube Provinces of the Roman Empire|year=2014|orig-year=1974|location=New York|publisher=Routledge|isbn=9781317754251 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=LP9RAwAAQBAJ}}
* {{Cite book|last=Nicholson|first=Oliver| title=The Oxford Dictionary of Late Antiquity|location=Oxford|publisher=Oxford University Press|year=2018|isbn=978-0-19-256246-3 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=A09WDwAAQBAJ}}
* {{Cite journal|last=Snively|first=Carolyn S.|title=Dacia Mediterranea and Macedonia Secunda in the Sixth Century: A Question of Influence on Church Architecture|journal=Niš and Byzantium|year=2005|volume=3|pages=213–224|url=http://www.nisandbyzantium.org.rs/doc/zbornik3/PDFIII/Carolin.pdf}}
* {{Cite book|last=Southern|first=Pat|author-link=Pat Southern|title=The Roman Empire from Severus to Constantine|location=London and New York|publisher=Routledge|year=2001|isbn=9781134553815 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=-ySCAgAAQBAJ}}
* {{Cite book|last=Turlej|first=Stanisław|title=Justiniana Prima: An Underestimated Aspect of Justinian's Church Policy|year=2016|location=Krakow|publisher=Jagiellonian University Press|isbn=9788323395560 |url=https://books.google.com/books?id=C2yYDQAAQBAJ}}
* {{Cite book|last=Zeiller|first=Jacques|title=Les origines chrétiennes dans les provinces danubiennes de l'Empire romain|year=1918|location=Paris|publisher=E. De Boccard|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=0gYVqjo8joAC}}
{{refend}}

{{Late Roman Provinces|state=collapsed}}
{{Dacia topics}}

[[Category:Dacia Mediterranea]]
[[Category:Roman Dacia]]
[[Category:Late Roman provinces]]
[[Category:Late Roman provinces]]
[[Category:Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum]]
[[Category:Praetorian prefecture of Illyricum]]
[[Category:Bulgaria in the Roman era]]
[[Category:Serbia in the Roman era]]

Revision as of 19:37, 3 May 2024

Dacia Mediterranea
Provincia Dacia Mediterranea
Επαρχία Δακίας Μεσογείου (Greek)
Province of Roman Empire
320s–c.602

The northern Balkans, including Dacia Mediterranea, in the 6th century
CapitalSerdica (now Sofia, Bulgaria)
History 
• Evacuation of Dacia Traiana, creation of Dacia Aureliana
271
• Dacia Ripensis partitioned
320s
• Devastated by Avar invasion
c.602
Preceded by
Succeeded by
Dacia Aureliana
Pannonian Avars

Dacia Mediterranea (Mid-land Dacia; Greek: Δακία Μεσόγειος, romanizedDakia Mesogeios) was a late antique Roman province, whose capital city was Serdica (or Sardica; later Sradetz or Sredets, now Sofia).

The date for the establishment of Dacia Mediterranea is uncertain. It was traditionally held to have been established at the same time as Dacia Ripensis, with both provinces being carved out of the former Dacia Aureliana as part of the Diocletianic restructuring of the Roman provinces during the 290s. However, as Dacia Mediterranea contained cities that were never part of Dacia Aureliana (such as Naissus), it is now believed that the province was established in the 320s, during the reign of Constantine I, and was formed with territory taken from the provinces of Dardania, Thracia and the partition of Dacia Ripensis (with Ripensis losing its capital, Serdica, in the process, a city that was previously also the capital of Dacia Aureliana).[1]

Lying immediately south of Dacia Ripensis, the province was governed by a Consularis.[2] In 535, the emperor Justinian I (527–565) created the Archbishopric of Justiniana Prima as a regional primacy with ecclesiastical jurisdiction over all provinces of the Diocese of Dacia, including the province of Dacia Mediterranea.[3] During this time he also strengthened the fortifications of various cities in the province, including Serdica, Naissus, Germania and Pautalia. He also added forts to existing cities, such as Remesiana.[4]

Dacia Mediterranea was caught up in the devastation of the Avar and Slav invasions of the late 6th and early 7th centuries, and was lost at the same time as the Diocese of Dacia, although pockets of the province continued to remain in Byzantine hands, such as Serdica and its immediate surrounds. These south-eastern remnants were eventually absorbed into the Theme of Thrace by the late 7th century.

References

  1. ^ Mócsy 2014, p. 274.
  2. ^ Nicholson 2018, p. 449.
  3. ^ Turlej 2016, p. 47-86.
  4. ^ Turlej 2016, p. 104-105.

Sources