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=== Azov Battalion allegations ===
=== Azov Battalion allegations ===
Protasevich has been accused in Belarusian media of fighting with the Ukrainian ultra-nationalist [[Azov Battalion]] in order to put a pressure on him.<ref name="rferlAzov"/> According to the [[BBC]], Belarusian authorities have sought to portray Protasevich as an "extremist with right-wing sympathies" to "muddy the waters" on his detention.<ref name="bbcWhatWeKnow"/> Protasevich has previously said he spent a year in [[Ukraine]] covering the [[war in Donbas]] as a journalist and photographer.<ref name="bbcWhatWeKnow"/> Azov Battalion founder [[Andriy Biletsky (politician)|Andriy Biletsky]] wrote about Protasevich, "Roman was indeed together with Azov and other military units that fought against the occupation of Ukraine, though his weapon as a journalist wasn’t an automatic rifle but the written word", and that he was wounded at the [[Shyrokyne standoff (February–July 2015)|2015 Shyrokyne standoff]].<ref name="7294937Protasevych">{{cite news|date=26 May 2021|title=Протасевич працював журналістом на Донбасі – Білецький|language=uk|trans-title=Protasevych worked as a journalist in Donbas – Biletsky|work=[[Ukrayinska Pravda]]|url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2021/05/26/7294937/ |access-date=28 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hromadske.ua/ru/posts/kgb-belarusi-zayavil-chto-protasevich-voeval-na-donbasse-v-sostave-azova-bileckij-govorit-chto-on-byl-tam-kak-zhurnalist |first=Остап |last=Крамар |date=26 May 2021 |title=КГБ Беларуси заявил, что Протасевич воевал на Донбассе в составе "Азова". Билецкий говорит, что он был там как журналист |language=uk |website=[[Hromadske.TV|hromadske.ua]]|trans-title=The KGB of Belarus said that Protasevich fought in the Donbas as part of "Azov". Biletsky says he was there as a journalist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lokhov|first=Pyotr|date=28 May 2021|title=Journalist or soldier? Meduza dissects allegations that Roman Protasevich|url=https://meduza.io/en/feature/2021/05/28/journalist-or-soldier |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=[[Meduza]] }}</ref>
Protasevich has been accused in Belarusian media of fighting with the Ukrainian ultra-nationalist [[Azov Battalion]] in order to put a pressure on him.<ref name="rferlAzov"/> According to the [[BBC]], Belarusian authorities have sought to portray Protasevich as an "extremist with right-wing sympathies" to "muddy the waters" on his detention.<ref name="bbcWhatWeKnow"/> Protasevich has previously said he spent a year in [[Ukraine]] covering the [[war in Donbas]] as a journalist and photographer.<ref name="bbcWhatWeKnow"/> Azov Battalion founder [[Andriy Biletsky (politician)|Andriy Biletsky]] wrote about Protasevich, "Roman was indeed together with Azov and other military units that fought against the occupation of Ukraine, though his weapon as a journalist wasn’t an automatic rifle but the written word", and that he was wounded at the [[Shyrokyne standoff (February–July 2015)|2015 Shyrokyne standoff]].<ref name="7294937Protasevych">{{cite news|date=26 May 2021|title=Протасевич працював журналістом на Донбасі – Білецький|language=uk|trans-title=Protasevych worked as a journalist in Donbas – Biletsky|work=[[Ukrayinska Pravda]]|url=https://www.pravda.com.ua/news/2021/05/26/7294937/ |access-date=28 May 2021}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|url=https://hromadske.ua/ru/posts/kgb-belarusi-zayavil-chto-protasevich-voeval-na-donbasse-v-sostave-azova-bileckij-govorit-chto-on-byl-tam-kak-zhurnalist |first=Остап |last=Крамар |date=26 May 2021 |title=КГБ Беларуси заявил, что Протасевич воевал на Донбассе в составе "Азова". Билецкий говорит, что он был там как журналист |language=uk |website=[[Hromadske.TV|hromadske.ua]]|trans-title=The KGB of Belarus said that Protasevich fought in the Donbas as part of "Azov". Biletsky says he was there as a journalist}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lokhov|first=Pyotr|date=28 May 2021|title=Journalist or soldier? Meduza dissects allegations that Roman Protasevich|url=https://meduza.io/en/feature/2021/05/28/journalist-or-soldier |access-date=1 June 2021 |website=[[Meduza]] }}</ref>

According to the BBC, in 2015 an Azov fighter, using the pseudonym "Kim", released some interviews, and "The evidence appears to show that "Kim" and Roman Protasevich are the same man, although the question of whether this person was engaged in active combat, as alleged by the Belarusian authorities, is still disputed and has not been independently confirmed either way."<ref name="bbcWhatWeKnow"/> According to Oleksiy Kuzmenko from the [[Bellingcat]] research network, there is no definite evidence that Protasevich fought in the ranks of Azov in Ukraine,<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://taz.de/Neuer-Grosskredit-fuer-Lukaschenko/!5771555/|title=Frei zugänglich für alle – dank unserer 29.000 Unterstützer*innen|website=taz.de|language=de}}</ref> although he stated that the man in military fatigues on the cover of Azov's "Black Sun" magazine of July 2015, is probably him.<ref name="rferlAzov"/> Kuzmenko states that there is a video from [[Hromadske.TV|Hromadske TV]] from 2015 in which the description refers to Azov in a battle that ended with a wounded volunteer, and the only person injured in the video, in civilian clothes, is highly likely Protasevich.<ref name="rferlAzov">{{Cite web|url=https://www.rferl.org/a/belarus-pratasevich-donbas-accusations/31299178.html|title=Jailed Belarusian Pratasevich Dogged By Claims He Fought For Azov Battalion In Ukraine|date=2021-06-09|website=rferl.org}}</ref>


On 27 May 2021 the [[Luhansk People's Republic]], an [[International recognition of Donetsk and Luhansk|unrecognized quasi-state]] and participant in the [[war in Donbas]], opened a criminal case against Protasevich, accusing him of taking part in the conflict in the ranks of the Azov Battalion, and asked for its extradition to Belarus. The Belarusian president [[Alexander Lukashenko]] said he was not opposed to Protasevich being interrogated by investigators from the rebel republics involved in the Donbass war against Ukraine, as long as this happens on Belarusian soil.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unian.info/world/freedom-of-speech-lukashenko-allows-investigators-from-donbas-to-interrogate-protasevich-11440213.html|title=Lukashenko allows 'investigators from Donbas' to interrogate journalist Protasevich|website=UNIAN Information Agency|date=2021-06-02}}</ref> The Ukrainian Foreign Minister [[Dmytro Kuleba]] said that if this happens, there will be a reaction from the Ukrainian state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20210609/protasevich-1736246037.html|title=Глава ЛНР рассказал о контактах с Белоруссией по делу Протасевича|website=ria.ru|date=2021-06-09|language=ru}}</ref>
On 27 May 2021 the [[Luhansk People's Republic]], an [[International recognition of Donetsk and Luhansk|unrecognized quasi-state]] and participant in the [[war in Donbas]], opened a criminal case against Protasevich, accusing him of taking part in the conflict in the ranks of the Azov Battalion, and asked for its extradition to Belarus. The Belarusian president [[Alexander Lukashenko]] said he was not opposed to Protasevich being interrogated by investigators from the rebel republics involved in the Donbass war against Ukraine, as long as this happens on Belarusian soil.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.unian.info/world/freedom-of-speech-lukashenko-allows-investigators-from-donbas-to-interrogate-protasevich-11440213.html|title=Lukashenko allows 'investigators from Donbas' to interrogate journalist Protasevich|website=UNIAN Information Agency|date=2021-06-02}}</ref> The Ukrainian Foreign Minister [[Dmytro Kuleba]] said that if this happens, there will be a reaction from the Ukrainian state.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://ria.ru/20210609/protasevich-1736246037.html|title=Глава ЛНР рассказал о контактах с Белоруссией по делу Протасевича|website=ria.ru|date=2021-06-09|language=ru}}</ref>

Revision as of 16:17, 16 June 2021

In this name that follows Eastern Slavic naming customs, the patronymic is Dmitriyevich and the family name is Protasevich.

Roman Protasevich
Роман Протасевич
Раман Пратасевіч
Born
Roman Dmitryevich Protasevich

(1995-05-05) 5 May 1995 (age 29)[1]
Minsk,[2] Belarus
EducationBelarusian State University
Occupations
  • Journalist
  • activist
  • photographer
Years active2011–present
OrganizationNexta
MovementYoung Front
PartnerSofia Sapega

Roman Dmitriyevich Protasevich (Russian: Роман Дмитриевич Протасевич; born 5 May 1995), or Raman Dzmitryjevič Pratasevič (Belarusian: Раман Дзмітрыевіч Пратасевіч, romanized: Raman Dzmitryyevich Pratasyevich), is a Belarusian journalist and political activist. He was the editor-in-chief of the Telegram channel Nexta and the chief editor of the Telegram channel "Belarus of the Brain" (Russian: Беларусь головного мозга). As of June 2021 Protasevich remains detained by Belarusian authorities after his flight, Ryanair Flight 4978, was rerouted to Minsk (on 23 May 2021) on a false a bomb threat pretext.

Personal life

Protasevich was born on 5 May 1995[1] in Minsk,[2] Belarus. He moved to Poland in 2019.[3]

Protasevich's father Dmitry is a Belarusian army reserve officer and a lecturer at a Belarusian military academy.[4] He was stripped of his military rank and awards by a personal decree of President Alexander Lukashenko on May 6, 2021.[2] Protasevich's parents moved to join their son in Poland in August 2020.[4][5]

Protasevich is in a relationship with Russian citizen Sofia Sapega, who was also detained by Belarusian authorities on 23 May 2021.[6][7] According to Sapega's mother she and Protasevich had known each other for about six months prior to his arrest in May 2021.[8] Sapega was born in Vladivostok, Russia, but has spent most of her life in Belarus.[8][7] At the time of her arrest she was an international law student at the European Humanities University in Vilnius.[8]

Career

Opposition activism in Belarus (2011–2019)

Protasevich has been an opposition activist since his youth; he participated in protests in the early 2010s.[9]

Since 2011, he has been a member of the opposition organization Young Front.[10] He co-administered a major group in VKontakte, a social network, in opposition to President Alexander Lukashenko until 2012, when it was hacked by the authorities.[11] For a month he took part in the Euromaidan protests.[12]

He studied journalism at Belarusian State University until he was expelled in 2018.[13] In 2017, he was accused of participating in an unauthorized event in Kurapaty, but he proved in court that he had an alibi for that day.[14] He worked in the Belarusian media as a journalist.[15] He also worked for the Belarusian edition of Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty;[16] from 2017 to 2018, as an independent journalist, he had been a Václav Havel Fellow in Journalism in Prague, co-sponsored by the broadcaster.[17]

As of March 2019, he was a photographer for Euroradio.fm and worked at the meeting of prime ministers of Austria (Sebastian Kurz) and Belarus (Sergey Rumas) in Minsk.[18] He also photographed Alexander Lukashenko at least once during 2019 European Games.[19] In addition to photographs, he made at least one video report for Euroradio about Chechen refugees trying to move to the EU through Belarus.[19]

Opposition activism in exile (2019–2021)

In 2019, Protasevich moved to Poland.[3] On 22 January 2020, he announced that he asked for political asylum in Poland.[9]

As of 2020, Protasevich ran the Nexta Telegram channel together with its co-creator Sciapan Pucila (Stepan Putilo).[15] In August 2020, after Belarusian authorities tried to disable internet access during the 2020 presidential election, Nexta became one of the main sources of information about the protests against alleged rigged elections and started to coordinate the protests.[15] The channel had nearly 800,000 new subscribers in a week.[15] In September 2020, Protasevich left Nexta.[3][16]

On 5 November 2020, Protasevich and Pucila were accused of organizing mass riots (article 293 of the Belarusian criminal code), actions that grossly violate public order (article 342) and incitement of social enmity based on professional affiliation (article 130, part 3). On 19 November, the Belarusian KGB put them on the "list of organizations and individuals involved in terrorist activities", for "mass unrest".[20]

On 2 March 2021, Protasevich announced that he had begun working for the "Belarus of the Brain" Telegram channel formerly edited by a detained blogger, Ihar Losik.[21][16]

Ryanair Flight 4978 and arrest

Main article: Ryanair Flight 4978

On 23 May 2021, Ryanair Flight 4978 (Athens–Vilnius), with Protasevich on board, was intercepted in Belarusian airspace by a Belarusian fighter jet[22] and diverted by Belarusian air traffic control to Minsk National Airport.[23][24] While in Athens, Protasevich sent messages through Telegram saying he had seen a bald man at the airport following him and taking photographs of him.[25] Minsk airport staff said they landed the plane due to a report of a bomb aboard. Lithuanian airport authorities stated that they had not been informed of a bomb threat.[22] The plane changed course just before it would have entered Lithuanian airspace.[25] According to a witness cited by Reuters, upon hearing of the diversion to Minsk, Protasevich immediately gave some of his luggage to his girlfriend.[26] In Minsk, Protasevich and his girlfriend were removed from the plane and arrested. No bomb was found aboard.[23][24][27] Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko, according to his press service, personally ordered the plane redirected to Minsk and sent a Belarusian Air Force MiG-29 fighter aircraft to escort it.[23][28][29]

According to a Ryanair representative cited by Russian newspaper Novaya Gazeta, it was Belarusian air traffic control that informed the plane crew about the threat and told them to change course to Minsk.[30]

Shortly after the landing in Minsk, Protasevich was taken away by Belarusian police.[17] A fellow passenger was reported to have heard Protasevich speak of the possibility of facing the death penalty, which exiled Belarusian opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya warned about the same day. The mass unrest charges against Protasevich could carry a prison sentence of up to 15 years.[31][32][33] He had traveled to Athens to cover a visit by Tsikhanouskaya to the Delphi Economic Forum, an international forum in Greece.[31]

Protasevich in captivity

The day after the arrest, Belarusian state television released a video of Protasevich, with dark markings on his forehead, in which he stated that he would confess to organizing "mass unrest" and that he did not have health problems, after unconfirmed reports of a heart condition.[34] Protasevich's father said the video appeared forced and his nose seemed to have been broken,[35] while allies of Protasevich, including exiled opposition leader Sviatlana Tsikhanouskaya, said the video "is how Roman looks under physical and moral pressure".[36] The Viasna Human Rights Centre and other Belarusian human rights organizations called Protasevich a "political prisoner" in a joint statement and demanded his immediate release.[37] Amnesty International called for the release of Protasevich and his girlfriend Sofia Sapega, saying "their arrest is arbitrary and unlawful, and its circumstances are nothing short of horrifying".[38]

The authorities prevented Roman's parents and a hired lawyer Inessa Olenskaya from visiting him and obtaining information about his location and medical condition until 27 May. On 25 May, Olenskaya was not allowed to enter SIZO No.1 prison in Minsk and did not get a call back from the Investigative Committee officers.[39][40] The Minsk branch of the Investigative Committee delayed the process of signing the charging documents, and the SIZO staff later claimed that they didn't have Protasevich.[40] On 27 May 2021, his mother held a press conference, calling for medical help to Roman. She claimed to have no information about Roman's location and complained that she couldn't send him any things or messages via his lawyer.[41][42]

Olenskaya made a formal complaint to the office of Belarusian Prosecutor-General for being denied access to her client and made a motion for a medical examination of Roman.[43] According to Roman's grandparents, on 23 May someone visited them introducing as a "Roman's first lawyer" and unsuccessfully asked to sign document making him a legal representative of Roman.[44] On the evening of 27 May, Olenskaya was allowed to meet with Roman, but due to a non-disclosure agreement with authorities she was not allowed to tell the journalists his location and his legal status.[45]

On 3 June 2021, another video of Protasevich was aired by Belarus state media in which he, apparently under duress, repeats his "confessions".[46] On 14 June 2021, he appeared again in public at a news conference in Minsk to repeat that he felt just fine and had not been beaten. [47]

Arrest of Sofia Sapega

Protasevich's girlfriend Sofia Sapega was also arrested on Ryanair Flight 4978.[8] She was remanded in custody for two months.[48] According to the Russian Ministry of Foreign Affairs Sapega was accused of breaking Belarusian law in August and September 2020;[8] they did not specify any details on what laws she allegedly broke.[8] In a video released by Belarusian authorities she claimed that she was an editor of Black Book of Belarus,[8] a Telegram channel which has published the personal information of security officials that Belarus has classified as an extremist group.[8]

Sapega's mother and several of her classmates told BBC News that she was not involved in the 2020–2021 Belarusian protests, and had been living in Vilnius since August 2020.[8] Sapega's mother was not allowed to visit her daughter in prison.[48]

In a 26 May 2021 speech in Belarusian parliament President Alexander Lukashenko labelled Protasevich and Sapega "agents of Western intelligence".[48] On June 4 2021, the chairman of Investigative Committee of the Belarusian KGB said that Sofia Sapega was charged of "inciting hatred" and "mass disorder".[49]

Azov Battalion allegations

Protasevich has been accused in Belarusian media of fighting with the Ukrainian ultra-nationalist Azov Battalion in order to put a pressure on him.[50] According to the BBC, Belarusian authorities have sought to portray Protasevich as an "extremist with right-wing sympathies" to "muddy the waters" on his detention.[7] Protasevich has previously said he spent a year in Ukraine covering the war in Donbas as a journalist and photographer.[7] Azov Battalion founder Andriy Biletsky wrote about Protasevich, "Roman was indeed together with Azov and other military units that fought against the occupation of Ukraine, though his weapon as a journalist wasn’t an automatic rifle but the written word", and that he was wounded at the 2015 Shyrokyne standoff.[51][52][53]

On 27 May 2021 the Luhansk People's Republic, an unrecognized quasi-state and participant in the war in Donbas, opened a criminal case against Protasevich, accusing him of taking part in the conflict in the ranks of the Azov Battalion, and asked for its extradition to Belarus. The Belarusian president Alexander Lukashenko said he was not opposed to Protasevich being interrogated by investigators from the rebel republics involved in the Donbass war against Ukraine, as long as this happens on Belarusian soil.[54] The Ukrainian Foreign Minister Dmytro Kuleba said that if this happens, there will be a reaction from the Ukrainian state.[55]

According to Euroradio.fm, information about his alleged non-journalist connections with Azov started to spread after his arrest.[56]

References

  1. ^ a b "КДБ унёс Сцяпана Пуцілу і Рамана Пратасевіча ў спіс тэрарыстаў". Nasha Niva (in Belarusian). 19 November 2020. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  2. ^ a b c "Biography of Roman Protasevich: what is known about the Belarusian oppositionist". UNIAN (in Ukrainian). 26 May 2021.
  3. ^ a b c "Главный редактор Nexta Роман Протасевич уходит из проекта" [Nexta Editor-in-Chief Roman Protasevich is leaving the project] (in Russian). 28 September 2020. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  4. ^ a b "Who is Roman Protasevich? Belarus dissident journalist in profile". BBC News. 24 May 2021.
  5. ^ [1]
  6. ^ "Families in anguish over pair held in Belarus". BBC News. 25 May 2021. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  7. ^ a b c d "Belarus plane: What we know and what we don't". BBC. 25 May 2021. Archived from the original on 11 June 2021. Retrieved 16 June 2021.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g h i "Belarus plane: Who is Russian student Sofia Sapega?". BBC News. 27 May 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  9. ^ a b "Бывший журналист Еврорадио Роман Протасевич попросил убежища в Польше" [Former Euroradio journalist Roman Protasiewicz sought asylum in Poland]. Новости Беларуси | euroradio.fm (in Russian). 22 January 2020. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  10. ^ "Роман Протасевич: О политике в семье не говорим" [Roman Protasiewicz: We don't talk about politics in the family]. belaruspartisan.by (in Russian). 5 December 2011. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  11. ^ "В Минске задержаны модераторы социальных сетей" [Moderators of social networks detained in Minsk]. spring96.org (in Russian). 30 August 2012. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  12. ^ "Братская война. За что воюет белорусский доброволец в Донбассе" [Fraternal War. What Belarusian volunteers are fighting for in Donbas]. ФОКУС (in Russian). 16 June 2015. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  13. ^ "З журфака адлічылі блогера Рамана Пратасевіча" [Blogger Raman Protasevich was expelled from the journalism school]. novychas.by (in Belarusian). 27 January 2018. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  14. ^ "Суд оправдал блогера Романа Протасевича" [Court acquits blogger Roman Protasevich]. spring96.org (in Russian). 17 April 2017. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  15. ^ a b c d Goryashko, Sergei (12 August 2020). ""Мне не по себе от кадров, где люди с дырками в теле". Интервью главреда Nexta – крупнейшего протестного канала в Беларуси" ["I feel uncomfortable with footage of people with holes in their bodies." Interview with the head of Nexta, the largest protest channel in Belarus]. BBC News Русская служба (in Russian). Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  16. ^ a b c "Кто такой Роман Протасевич: журналист, блогер, "террорист" – биография" [Who is Roman Protasevich: journalist, blogger, "terrorist" – biography]. officelife.media (in Russian). 20 May 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  17. ^ a b "EU Demands Belarus Explain 'Unprecedented' Diversion Of Passenger Plane, Detention Of Journalist". Radio Free Europe/Radio Liberty. 23 May 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  18. ^ "На вечере памяти Сергей Румас выступил перед австрийским канцлером по-белорусски" [Sergei Rumas addressed the Austrian chancellor at a memorial evening in Belarusian]. Новости Беларуси | euroradio.fm (in Russian). 29 March 2019. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  19. ^ a b "Макей на раздачы бургераў і злы Лукашэнка: найлепшыя кадры Рамана Пратасевіча" [Makei at the distribution of burgers and the evil Lukashenko: the best shots of Roman Protasevich]. Навіны Беларусі | euroradio.fm (in Belarusian). 27 May 2021. Retrieved 2 June 2021.
  20. ^ "NEXTA journalists now on terrorist wanted list". Belsat TV. 20 November 2020. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  21. ^ "Протасевич: теперь работаю в проекте "Беларусь головного мозга" Игоря Лосика" [Protasiewicz: now working in Igor Losik's brain Belarus project]. Новости Беларуси | euroradio.fm (in Russian). 2 March 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  22. ^ a b Lister, Tim; Pavlova, Olga (23 May 2021). "Belarus activist arrested after fighter jet intercepts his Ryanair flight". CNN. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  23. ^ a b c "Belarus opposition says government forced Ryanair plane to land to arrest journalist". Deutsche Welle. 23 May 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  24. ^ a b "У аэрапорце Мінска, рэзка змяніўшы курс, прызямліўся самалёт Афіны – Вільня – на борце быў Раман Пратасевіч" [At the airport of Minsk, having changed course abruptly, the plane of Athens – Vilnius has landed – on board was Roman Protasevich]. Nasha Niva (in Belarusian). Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  25. ^ a b Troinovski, Anton; Nechepurenko, Ivan (23 May 2021). "Belarus Forces Down Plane to Seize Dissident; Europe Sees 'State Hijacking'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  26. ^ Sytas, Andrius (23 May 2021). "Minutes to touchdown: the moment a Belarusian dissident knew his time was up". Reuters. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  27. ^ Plikūnė, Dalia; Užusienytė, Jogintė (23 May 2021). "Be opozicionieriaus ir jo draugės į Lietuvą negrįžo ir dar keturi lėktuvo keleiviai: kas jie – kol kas mįslė" [In addition to the opposition and his girlfriend, four more passengers did not return to Lithuania: who they are – a mystery so far]. DELFI (in Lithuanian). Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  28. ^ Спевак, Дарья; Ошуркевич, Татьяна (23 May 2021). "Самолет Ryanair экстренно посадили в Минске. Самое важное – Люди Onliner" [A Ryanair plane was grounded in Minsk in an emergency. The most important]. Onliner (in Russian). Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  29. ^ "У аэрапорце "Мінск" затрыманы блогер Раман Пратасевіч" [Blogger Roman Pratasevich was detained at Minsk Airport]. spring96.org (in Belarusian). 23 May 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  30. ^ "Ryanair: об угрозе в самолете с экс-главредом NEXTA на борту сообщили диспетчеры из Беларуси" [Ryanair: the threat on the plane with the ex-head of NEXTA on board was reported by air traffic controllers from Belarus]. Новая газета (in Russian). 23 May 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  31. ^ a b Roth, Andrew (23 May 2021). "Belarus accused of 'hijacking' Ryanair flight diverted to arrest blogger". The Guardian. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 24 May 2021.
  32. ^ "Belarus arrests opposition figure after flight diverted". Al Jazeera. 23 May 2021. Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  33. ^ Павлюк, Олег (23 May 2021). "В Минске задержали основателя Telegram-канала NEXTA. Для этого экстренно посадили самолет якобы из-за минирования | Громадское телевидение" [The founder of the Telegram channel NEXTA was detained in Minsk. The plane was urgently grounded for this purpose, allegedly because of a bomb threat]. hromadske.ua (in Russian). Archived from the original on 23 May 2021. Retrieved 23 May 2021.
  34. ^ Quemener, Tangi (25 May 2021). "Detained Belarus Activist Roman Protasevich Filmed 'Confessing'". The Moscow Times. Agence France-Presse. Archived from the original on 24 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  35. ^ Marris, Sharon (25 May 2021). "Father of detained journalist Roman Protasevich: Video admission was 'forced'". Sky News. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  36. ^ "EU leaders sanction Belarus over arrest of Roman Protasevich, as dissident journalist appears in video from Minsk detention facility". ABC News. 25 May 2021. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  37. ^ "Immediately release political prisoner Raman Pratasevich!". Viasna Human Rights Centre. 24 May 2021. Archived from the original on 25 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  38. ^ "Belarus: Free journalist detained following forced emergency landing in Minsk". Amnesty International. 25 May 2021. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 26 May 2021.
  39. ^ "Адвакат не можа сустрэцца з палітвязнем Раманам Пратасевічам" [The lawyer cannot meet with political prisoner Raman Protasevich]. euroradio.pl (in Belarusian). 25 May 2021. Archived from the original on 26 May 2021. Retrieved 25 May 2021.
  40. ^ a b "К Роману Протасевичу второй день не пускают адвоката" [Roman Protasiewicz has not been allowed to see his lawyer for two days]. Белорусский партизан (in Russian). 26 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  41. ^ Silva, Chantal Da (27 May 2021). "'Hear the scream of my heart': Protasevich's mum pleads for help". euronews. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  42. ^ ""Мы не знаем, где наш сын": родители арестованного в Беларуси Романа Протасевича потребовали оказать ему независимую медицинскую помощь" ["We don't know where our son is": the parents of Roman Protasevich, arrested in Belarus, demanded independent medical care for him]. Новая газета (in Russian). 27 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  43. ^ "Адвокат Протасевича подала жалобу в Генпрокуратуру с требованием разрешить встречу и медицинский осмотр" [Protasiewicz's lawyer filed a complaint with the General Prosecutor's Office, demanding to allow a meeting and a medical examination]. Nasha Niva (in Russian). 27 May 2021.
  44. ^ "Адвокат Инесса Оленская: Уже второй день я не могу встретиться с Романом Протасевичем — Беларусь на TJ" [Lawyer Inessa Olenskaya: It's the second day I can't meet with Roman Protasevich]. TJ (in Russian). 26 May 2021.
  45. ^ "Адваката Рамана Пратасевіча праз 4 дні пусцілі да падабароннага" [Raman Protasevich's lawyer was allowed to see his client 4 days later]. Наша Ніва (in Belarusian). 27 May 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  46. ^ Ullah, Zahra; Yahrova, Hanna. "Belarusian journalist Roman Protasevich appears on state TV as critics decry his detention as a 'hostage'-taking". CNN.
  47. ^ "Jailed Belarus journalist Protasevich makes another public appearance". Reuters. 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.
  48. ^ a b c Rainsford, Sarah (27 May 2021). "Belarus: I'm ready to beg for help, says mother of detained woman". BBC News. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  49. ^ "Сапегу обвинили в разжигании социальной вражды и розни в Белоруссии". РИА Новости (in Russian). 14 June 2021. Retrieved 14 June 2021.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: url-status (link)
  50. ^ Cite error: The named reference rferlAzov was invoked but never defined (see the help page).
  51. ^ "Протасевич працював журналістом на Донбасі – Білецький" [Protasevych worked as a journalist in Donbas – Biletsky]. Ukrayinska Pravda (in Ukrainian). 26 May 2021. Retrieved 28 May 2021.
  52. ^ Крамар, Остап (26 May 2021). "КГБ Беларуси заявил, что Протасевич воевал на Донбассе в составе "Азова". Билецкий говорит, что он был там как журналист" [The KGB of Belarus said that Protasevich fought in the Donbas as part of "Azov". Biletsky says he was there as a journalist]. hromadske.ua (in Ukrainian).
  53. ^ Lokhov, Pyotr (28 May 2021). "Journalist or soldier? Meduza dissects allegations that Roman Protasevich". Meduza. Retrieved 1 June 2021.
  54. ^ "Lukashenko allows 'investigators from Donbas' to interrogate journalist Protasevich". UNIAN Information Agency. 2 June 2021.
  55. ^ "Глава ЛНР рассказал о контактах с Белоруссией по делу Протасевича". ria.ru (in Russian). 9 June 2021.
  56. ^ "Отец Романа Протасевича опровергает, что тот воевал на Донбассе" [Roman Protasevich's father denies he fought in Donbass]. European Radio for Belarus (in Russian). 26 May 2021. Retrieved 1 June 2021.

Further reading

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