Gurbaksh Chahal: Difference between revisions

Gurbaksh Singh Chahal
Gurbaksh Singh Chahal
	Gurbaksh in 2019
Born	July 17, 1982 (age 42); Tarn Taran Sahib, Punjab, India
Nationality	American
Occupation	Entrepreneur
Years active	1998–present
Known for	Founder of ClickAgents, BlueLithium, RadiumOne, Gravity4, Taara Labs, RedLotus, and VendorCloud
Political party	Democratic Party
Criminal charges	Domestic violence battery
Spouse	Rubina Bajwa (m. 2022)
Parents	Avtar Singh (father); Arjinder Chahal (mother);
Website	GurbakshChahal.com

Browse history interactively

← Previous edit Next edit →

Content deleted Content added

VisualWikitext

Inline

Revision as of 22:21, 19 June 2024

Gurbaksh Singh Chahal (born July 17, 1982) is an Indian-American entrepreneur who has founded, managed, and frequently sold several internet advertising companies. However, legal issues involving violence against women have resulted in his removal from two of his businesses.

Chahal founded his first advertising network at the age of 16 and two years later became a millionaire after selling it to ValueClick for nearly $40 million.^[2] In 2004, he co-founded BlueLithium, which went on to become the fifth-largest internet advertising network in the United States before being sold to Yahoo in a $300 million deal.^[3]^[2] Chahal has since founded other internet-based companies including RadiumOne^[4] and Gravity4. He is currently the CEO of VendorCloud and RedLotus.

In 2010, Bloomberg Businessweek named him to its list of the 15 best young entrepreneurs of the year.^[5] In April 2011, Men's Health called him one of "The World’s Richest and Fittest Guys", reporting his net worth to be $150 million.^[6] The next year, Chahal was listed among the 25 richest entrepreneurs under the age of 30 by Complex magazine, and in 2013 he was one of Ernst and Young's entrepreneurs of the year.^[7]

Also in 2013, Chahal went to trial on charges of domestic violence and battery; although he pleaded not guilty, he was convicted and sentenced to probation. He was fired as CEO of RadiumOne by the board of directors. In 2016, after he was charged with domestic violence against a second woman, his probation was revoked. He resigned as CEO of Gravity4 and served six months in jail.

Early life

Chahal was born on July 17, 1982, in Tarn Taran Sahib, a city near Amritsar in India's Punjab state, in a Sikh family. He was the youngest of four children.^[8]^[2] His father, Avtar Singh, was a police officer and mother, Arjinder Chahal, was a nurse in Tarn Taran Sahib. In 1985, during the aftermath of the Khalistani insurgency, Chahal's parents emigrated to the United States, his father having won a green card lottery.^[9] Chahal was raised by his grandmother for a short time. He emigrated the following year, at age four. The family lived in a one-bedroom apartment in San Jose, California.^[10] His father took a job with the Postal Service and his mother worked as an nurse's assistant.^[9] He has two elder sisters — Nirmal and Kamal, and an elder brother Taj Chahal; the latter two had worked with Chahal in his ventures.^[11] His family were devout followers of Sikhism and Chahal and his brother used to wear a turban, a type of headwear based on cloth winding.^[12]^[9] He has said that he was the subject of intense racial bullying from the age of 5 in the local elementary school. At the age of 10, he was forced to remove his turban, at knife-point.^[13]^[14]

Chahal was an average student during schooling, earning B and C grades in his studies. To support his family, he bought second hand printers from the local market for $50 and resold printers on eBay for $200 at the age of 15.^[15] Chahal bought the Dell.net and HP.net domain names in 1997 and sent a letter to the companies offering to sell the names back to them for ten thousand dollars. He started receiving cease-and-desist letters and had to give the domains back. All of his family members had to work double shifts after his father incurred losses in stock market trading.^[12]

Education

Although his parents hoped he would become a doctor, 16-year-old Chahal dropped out of Independence High School in 1998 to pursue a career in internet advertising. While still in high school, he had taken college-level computer courses on the campus of what is now Evergreen Valley College.^[16] After leaving high school, Chahal launched a digital advertising company called ClickAgents, which as recently as 2008 he asserted was the riskiest decision he has ever made.^[11]^[17]^[18]

Career

Chahal started his career buying and reselling printers on eBay, after being turned away from a job at McDonald's.^[19] His initial forays into the business world were to support his family and largely derived from his father's interests in stock trading.^[20]

ClickAgents

In 1998, at the age of 16, Chahal founded ClickAgents, which was among the first pay-per-click networks.^[21] It started as an advertising network focused on performance-based advertising, on the lines of DoubleClick.^[12] By 2000, it had numerous customers and had 34 employees.^[22] It was acquired by ValueClick in November 2000 in an all-stock deal valued at nearly $40 million, which made Chahal an overnight millionaire.^[23]^[24]^[22]

BlueLithium and MingleNow

In 2004, Chahal founded BlueLithium, a company that specialized in behavioral targeting, a technique whereby web users' online habits are tracked in order to show customized ads.^[3]^[19] The ad-tech industry praised it with Business 2.0 listing it among the 11 most disruptive innovations of 2006,^[25] and by the same year, it had expanded operations to other countries, having purchased AdRevolver.^[26]^[27] The same year, the company again received the title of Top Innovator of the Year for 2006.^[21]

MingleNow, a social network was simultaneously launched, which was accorded a partnership deal by Anheuser-Busch.^[28] It was named among the top 100 private companies of America by AlwaysOn for three consecutive years^[12] and in 2007, Yahoo! bought it for $300 million in cash; Chahal remained CEO during interim period.^[29] It was the fifth largest ad-network in the United States and the second largest in the UK at the time of sale.^[30]

GWallet to RadiumOne

In 2009, Chahal launched gWallet, a venture that partnered with brand and game developers to bring users virtual currency offers.^[31] The startup worked directly with brands instead of using any kind of affiliate model. It used branded video campaigns to engage with consumers. Disney, Best Buy, K-Mart, Nestle, and The History Channel used their video campaigns on the social network.^[32]^[33] The startup's research showed that only 2-4% of users chose to pause a video game and opt to explore brand engagement and any offers like earning a virtual currency. This meant that the current method of advertisement and engagement by most games was not very effective and lacked the required engagement from its users. gWallet instead introduced its own concept of a brand bar which was supposed to be an ingame concept. The brand bar would act as a top menu bar on the game play screen which would allow the users to view advertisements while playing a game, or access options to earn virtual currency while playing the game.^[33] With this model, in its contrast to existing separate menus for such engagements, gWallet eventually raised $10 million in funding.^[32]

In 2010, Chahal founded RadiumOne, another online ad company^[34] of a slightly different genre,^[35] which started as a loyalty and rewards program^[4] but later migrated to the targeted-advertising domain, having acquired multiple social-media-centered startups.^[36] It garnered reputation^[37] for its patented ad-technology^[38] with Chahal being poised to be a billionaire,^[13] and was valued at about US$500 million at its peak. In 2017 it was purchased by RhythmOne, a public company on the London Stock exchange, for US$22 million.^[39]

Chahal was nominated and awarded the E&Y Entrepreneur of the Year Award for RadiumOne in 2013.^[7]

Gravity4

In July 2014, Chahal launched Gravity4 (since renamed to DaVinci Marketing Cloud).^[40] The company attempted but failed bid to buy back RadiumOne and closed in 2017.^[41]^[42] Gravity4's main area of business was gathering customer data regarding user experiences to allow marketers to improve their ad targets.^[40]

In 2015, an employee of Gravity4 sued Chahal, claiming that Gravity4 never paid him and that he was the subject of abuse and harassment by Chahal.^[43]

TaaraLabs and RedLotus

In 2019, Chahal founded TaaraLabs, an incubator helping build companies to address problems in the fields of artificial intelligence, IoT, and data sciences. The lab is connected to over 7 billion IoT devices globally.^[44] In the same year, he founded RedLotus in Hong Kong, which specializes in AI-based targeted advertising. This service was provided mainly in the form of customer engagement through this AI platform. This company went in for its initial funding of $50 million, intending to use this initial capital for R&D and expansion worldwide.^[39]^[45]

ProcureNet

In 2020, Chahal founded ProcureNet and is its CEO. It is a supplier of pharmaceutical materials and vaccines consumables and a subsidiary of VendorCloud.^[46]

Chahal Foundation

Chahal has been the Chairman of the Chahal Foundation since August 2012. The Foundation supports the families of hate crime victims, educational scholarship, combat child trafficking in India, and helps in disaster relief efforts in India.^[47]^[48]^[44]

BNN Breaking

In 2022, Chahal founded the now-defunct news website and aggregator BNN Breaking in Hong Kong.^[49] The website was subject to several controversies regarding the accuracy of its reporting,^[50]^[51]^[52] and all of its accounts were suspended from Twitter in June 2022 for violations of the site's policy on spam and platform manipulation.^[49] As of March 2024, Google appeared to no longer show search results for the website.^[53] The BNN website was deleted and moved to the website TrimFeed. Trimfeed was closed after The New York Times informed Chahal they were doing a report on BNN.^[54]

Honors and philanthropy

In 2010, Bloomberg Businessweek named Chahal among the 15 best young entrepreneurs of the year.^[5]

In the same year, Chahal's alma mater Evergreen Valley College awarded him an honorary degree in Business Administration,^[55] and Pace University conferred the Leaders in Management Award and a Honorary Doctorate in Commercial Sciences; he had earlier established an endowed entrepreneurial scholarship program at the university.^[44]^[56]

Business Insider included him in their "30 under 30 to watch" list in 2011.^[57] In 2012, Complex magazine named him in a list of the 25 richest entrepreneurs under the age of 30.^[7] In the same year, he received the Light of India Amrapali Young Achievers award.^[58]^[59] In 2013, he was named as one of the Ernst and Young entrepreneurs of the year^[60]^[45] and was awarded the Technology Entrepreneur of the Decade at Anokhi's Prestige Awards 2013.^[61]

The following year, Complex noted him among the top 10 technology entrepreneurs of the year.^[62] He was recognized as an "Entrepreneur Extraordinaire" in January 2014 by Darpan Magazine.^[12] In 2019, Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee honored him for contributions made to the field of entrepreneurship.^[63]

In 2012, after the Wisconsin Sikh temple shooting, he committed US$1 million to found BeProud (since renamed to Chahal Foundation), a charitable foundation that supports the families of hate crime victims and combats child trafficking in India.^[64]^[65]^[45] It had liaised with the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints to provide employment scopes for rural women in Maharashtra, India.^[66]

In 2020, Chahal donated face masks, test kits, personal protective equipment and ventilators to hospitals across several countries (including Hong Kong and India) during the Coronavirus pandemic, and extended procurement networks to help governments in mitigating the supply-chain chaos.^[67]^[68]^[69]^[70]^[71]

Personal life

Chahal previously resided in San Francisco Bay Area but is currently based in Hong Kong.^[39]

Chahal has attracted attention for his physique and extravagant lifestyle, including a fleet of luxurious cars and a penthouse apartment.^[11] He was featured in The Secret Millionaire, where he went undercover in San Francisco and gave away $110,000 of his wealth.^[72] In 2011, Men's Health awarded him the seventh spot in the list of the world's fittest and richest men.^[73]

Chahal professed to be a devout Sikh, and was largely inspired by his grandmother.^[45]^[8]

Chahal was a regular donor to Democratic Party candidates; he was twice invited to the White House during Barack Obama's presidency.^[74]^[75]

He is also a motivational speaker,^[45] advocates one-dollar salary for CEOs,^[76] and has written an autobiography called The Dream.^[20]

In 2019, Chahal started a relationship with Punjabi film actress Rubina Bajwa.^[77]^[78] On October 23, 2021 Chahal and Bajwa became engaged in San Francisco^[79] and on 26 October 2022, they got married with a private ceremony in Mexico.^[80]

Domestic violence and battery conviction

Chahal was arrested in 2013 and charged with 45 felonies following an attack on his then-girlfriend.^[81] Video footage of the assault, taken by a camera in Chahal's bedroom ceiling, showed Chahal smothering the woman with a pillow and hitting and kicking her 117 times over a half hour period.^[82]^[83]

In August 2013, the San Francisco District Attorney's Office (SFDA) charged Chahal with committing acts of domestic violence against his girlfriend.^[84] The video of the incident was ruled inadmissible in the case as there had been no warrant for its seizure.^[83] Chahal proclaimed his innocence^[85] but nevertheless entered into a no contest plea to one charge of domestic violence battery and one charge of battery.^[86] He was sentenced to three years' probation, ordered to pay a fine, and compelled to undergo a 52-week domestic violence training course along with 25 hours of community service.^[86] Subsequently, he was fired from his position as CEO of RadiumOne^[87]^[88] (Chahal alleged that his guilty plea was coerced by the board of RadiumOne).^[89]^[90]

In 2016, after he committed acts of domestic violence against a second woman, the San Francisco County Superior Court found Chahal guilty of violating the terms of his September 2014 probation.^[91] The court sentenced him to one year in jail; he resigned from his position as CEO of Gravity4.^[91] The California State Appeals Court upheld the verdict in April 2018^[92] and Chahal served six months in San Francisco County Jail.^[93]

Publications

The Dream: How I Learned the Risks and Rewards of Entrepreneurship and Made Millions, Palgrave Macmillan (October 23, 2008) ISBN 0-230-61095-1

References

^ Burleigh, Nina (12 August 2016). "The rise and fall of Silicon Valley's Gurbaksh Chahal". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 14 July 2021. Retrieved 14 July 2021.
^ ^a ^b ^c Sharma, Manraj Grewal (2018-04-06). "With an eye on artificial intelligence, NRI looks to replicate Silicon Valley in Punjab". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 2021-07-14. Retrieved 2021-07-14.
^ ^a ^b Blakely, Rhys (September 5, 2007). "Yahoo snaps up BlueLithium in $300m deal". Times Online. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
^ ^a ^b Lee, Ellen (November 5, 2012). "Gurbaksh Chahal turns RadiumOne to gold". SFGate. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Best Young Tech Entrepreneurs 2010: GWallet". BusinessWeek. December 2, 2013. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2020.
^ Sine, Richard (2011-04-11). "The World's Richest and Fittest Guys". Men's Health. Archived from the original on 2021-04-22. Retrieved 2021-08-05.
^ ^a ^b ^c "The 25 Richest Tech Entrepreneurs Under 3017. Aaron Levie, 27". Complex. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Chitkara, Vanita (24 August 2011). "I take my culture wherever I go". India Today. Archived from the original on 2019-08-29. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c Chahal, Gurbaksh (October 23, 2008). The Dream: How I Learned the Risks and Rewards of Entrepreneurship and Made Millions. St. Martin's Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-230-62108-4. Archived from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
^ Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c Zinko, Carolyne (October 26, 2008). "Advice from young millionaire Gurbaksh Chahal". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 15, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2010.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e "People | Gurbaksh Chahal - Entrepreneur Extraordinaire". darpanmagazine.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
^ ^a ^b King, Rachael (April 20, 2010). "GWallet's Chahal Balances Flashy Lifestyle, Family Commitment". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020. Retrieved February 3, 2020.(subscription required)
^ "Gurbaksh Chahal: Dreaming in Gold". Varsity Online. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
^ Chun, Janean (2012-03-29). "'Being Different Is Cool'". HuffPost. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2021-07-26.
^ "First, $99. Then, Millions". The New York Times. 2008-09-06. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2021-08-30. Retrieved 2021-08-30.
^ "Cassidy: Meet G, Silicon Valley's celebrity entrepreneur". The Mercury News. November 4, 2008. Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
^ Lagorio-Chafkin, Christine (March 8, 2011). "What Really Scares Entrepreneurs?". Inc.com. Archived from the original on March 11, 2016. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Ferenstein, Gregory (March 29, 2011). "RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation". Fast Company. Archived from the original on July 4, 2012. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
^ ^a ^b Ferenstein, Gregory (March 29, 2011). "RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation". Fast Company. Archived from the original on September 3, 2018. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Gurbaksh Chahal Biography – Be Limitless". Archived from the original on 2021-08-26. Retrieved 2021-08-26.
^ ^a ^b Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
^ Murphy, Barbara (14 November 2000). "ValueClick Acquires Online Ad Competitor Click Agents.com". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.
^ "gWallet raises $12.5M for more ethical virtual currency/offers system". VentureBeat. December 1, 2009. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 27, 2020.
^ "Business 2.0...Big Innovations: BlueLithium". money.cnn.com. September 20, 2006. Archived from the original on August 5, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
^ Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
^ "BlueLithium to buy AdRevolver". Silicon Valley Business Journal. November 22, 2004. Archived from the original on August 3, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
^ Bogatin, Donna. "Beer fuels social networking: MingleNow 'Clinks' Anheuser-Busch". ZDNet. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
^ Hof, Rob (September 4, 2007). "Targeting You: Yahoo Moves Deeper into Behaviorial [sic] Targeting with BlueLithium Purchase". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2020-02-03. Retrieved 2020-02-03.
^ "Yahoo buys behavioral ad firm for $300 mln". Reuters. September 5, 2007. Archived from the original on September 15, 2017. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
^ "gWallet launches "brand bar" platform to monetize social games". VentureBeat. 2010-02-25. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
^ ^a ^b "TRUSTe Places Privacy Seal Of Approval On Virtual Currency Platform gWallet". TechCrunch. 22 March 2010. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 2021-07-26.
^ ^a ^b "gWallet Launches New Format For Virtual Currency Offers; Eyes International Expansion". TechCrunch. 25 February 2010. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 2021-07-27.
^ McMahan, Ty (October 18, 2010). "New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2010.
^ Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.
^ "RadiumOne Buys Mobile Photo Sharing App Developer Focal Labs". TechCrunch. 14 December 2011. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
^ "RadiumOne About To Corner The Market On Social Data Before Competitors Even Know What's Happening". TechCrunch. 21 May 2011. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
^ McMahan, Ty (October 18, 2010). "New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'". WSJ. Archived from the original on March 2, 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2020.
^ ^a ^b ^c Ganguly, Payal (November 12, 2019). "Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn". TechCircle. Archived from the original on November 13, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019.
^ ^a ^b Crowther, Mel; Thomas, Nick (January 31, 2018). "Name Change Marks Renaissance for Gravity4". MrWeb. Archived from the original on June 7, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2016.
^ Huet, Ellen (August 13, 2016). "Gurbaksh Chahal flew high and fell fast". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
^ "Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn". Techcircle. November 12, 2019. Archived from the original on November 13, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
^ Carson, Biz (15 September 2015). "New lawsuit claims ad tech CEO Gurbaksh Chahal asked employee to lie about alleged domestic violence incident". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 16 January 2023.
^ ^a ^b ^c "Gurbaksh Chahal's Taara Labs is giving a boost to AI start-ups across the world". www.freepressjournal.in. Archived from the original on 2019-08-28. Retrieved 2021-07-26.
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d ^e Dániel, Oláh (29 December 2019). "Az érettségizetlen milliárdos". mandiner.hu (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.
^ Singh, Karan Deep (2021-11-18). "As India limits syringe exports, a supply crunch has buyers looking elsewhere". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2021-12-14. Retrieved 2021-12-14.
^ "Giving back to society". The Tribune (Chandigarh). Archived from the original on 2021-07-18. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
^ Vashist, Neha (30 May 2021). "#BigInterview: Gurbaksh and my social media presence amplified our reach, says Rubina Bajwa talking about her charitable foundation". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2021-07-22.
^ ^a ^b Hays, Kali (June 28, 2022). "Twitter permanently suspends scores of 'news' accounts under the company BNN founded by Gurbaksh Chahal, former tech CEO convicted of battery". businessinsider.com. Business Insider. Archived from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
^ Regimbal, Alec (October 18, 2023). "'Fake news' site publishes more false stories about San Francisco Supervisor Dean Preston". sfgate.com. SFGate. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
^ O Faolain, Aodhan (January 15, 2024). "Dave Fanning files defamation case over publication of news story wrongly linking him to criminal trial". TheJournal.ie. Archived from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 16, 2024.
^ Sjostedt, David (October 18, 2023). "Only Elected Democratic Socialist in San Francisco Target of Fake News Site". sfstandard.com. The San Francisco Standard. Archived from the original on January 23, 2024. Retrieved January 23, 2024.
^ Geffen, Nathan (12 March 2024). "Google moves against notorious spam news website". GroundUp News. Retrieved 28 March 2024.
^ Hill, Kashmir; Hsu, Tiffany (6 June 2024). "The Life, Death and Rebirth of an A.I.-Generated News Outlet". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
^ "Evergreen Valley College Presents an Honorary Degree to Local San Jose Guy Turned Millionaire". Two Colleges:One Community - Official Newsletter of San Jose . Evergreen Community College District. No. 41. July 2010. p. 3.
^ Zinko, Carolyne (April 29, 2010). "Internet star Chahal getting honorary doctorate". SFGate. Archived from the original on May 31, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
^ Wilson, Matt. "30 Founders Under 30 Who Are Shaking Up Industries". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 2018-12-04. Retrieved 2021-08-08.
^ Luce, Jim (August 2, 2012). "Global Indians Illuminate Fifth Avenue at Light of India Awards". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
^ Vijayakar, R. M. (June 27, 2012). "'Light of India' Awards Brings Global Indians Together". India West. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020.
^ Carson, Biz (August 14, 2016). "The rise and fall of Gurbaksh Chahal: How one tech CEO went from fame, fortune, and Oprah's couch to possible jail time". Business Insider. Archived from the original on May 25, 2019. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
^ "ANOKHI'S 10th Anniversary "All-Star" Event Was A Night To Remember!". ANOKHI LIFE. 2013-05-16. Archived from the original on 2021-02-04. Retrieved 2021-08-05.
^ "10 Tech Entrepreneurs Who Risked It All and Made It". Complex. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 2, 2020.
^ "Gurbaksh Chahal honoured by DSGMC, shares the moment with former PM Manmohan Singh". Firstpost. 30 September 2019. Archived from the original on January 30, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
^ Evans, Teri (August 21, 2012). "Serial Entrepreneur Gurbaksh Chahal Commits $1 Million to Stop Hate Crimes". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on November 26, 2019. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
^ Sethi, Atul (September 2, 2012). "Sikh entrepreneur to launch 'Be Proud' movement to fight hate". The Times of India. Archived from the original on September 2, 2012. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
^ "LDS Charities and Feminine Hygiene". news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org. May 9, 2018. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2020.
^ "港台電視 31 早辰。早晨 - 手語直播節目︰廁紙搶劫案；《早辰一件事》：疫境有情；《早辰保抗力》：維他命C". www.rthk.hk (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
^ "Rubina Bajwa and beau Gurbaksh Chahal team up to help Hong Kong charity prevent spread of Coronavirus - Times of India". The Times of India. 11 February 2020. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
^ "「政府做咗啲咩？」——民間收集口罩助基層 | 讀者來論". 眾新聞 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on June 30, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2020.
^ Vashist, Neha. ""We are working on delivering test kits, ventilators, and respirators"; Rubina Bajwa and Gurbaksh Chahal's initiative for Covid-19 patients - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on April 5, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2020.
^ Vashist, Neha. ""The world needs as much help it can get at this time", says Rubina Bajwa as beau Gurbaksh Chahal extends help for Covid-19 relief - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on April 12, 2020. Retrieved April 8, 2020.
^ "BlueLithium founder Gurbaksh Chahal keeps his millions "Secret" for once". VentureBeat. December 17, 2008. Archived from the original on September 22, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.
^ Sine, Richard (April 11, 2011). "The World's Richest and Fittest Guys". Men's Health. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.
^ Peterson, Andrea (April 29, 2014). "DCCC distances itself from tech CEO fired after domestic violence conviction". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 12, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
^ "Avtar Chahal meets Obama, First Lady". India Post. 2 January 2013. Archived from the original on July 18, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2020.
^ Chahal, Gurbaksh (November 13, 2013). "I'm A CEO With A Paycheck Of $0–And You Should Join Me". Fast Company. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.
^ Kaur, Ranpreet (December 10, 2019). "EXCLUSIVE: Rubina Bajwa CONFIRMS her relationship with Gurbaksh Chahal; Says 'He is the centre of my world'". PINKVILLA. Archived from the original on December 11, 2019. Retrieved January 24, 2020.
^ "Exclusive Interview! Gurbaksh Chahal shares candid confessions on Rubina Bajwa's birthday". The Times of India. 24 February 2021. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
^ "Rubina Bajwa And Gurbaksh Chahal's Engagement: The Video Of The Couple Getting Blessings Is Taking Over The Internet; Watch". www.spotboye.com. Archived from the original on 2021-12-01. Retrieved 2021-12-01.
^ "Rubina Bajwa marries Gurbaksh Chahal in Anand Karaj ceremony, watch". The Indian Express. 27 October 2022. Archived from the original on 15 February 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023.
^ Makarechi, Kia (April 28, 2014). "RadiumOne C.E.O. Finally Fired After Domestic-Violence Case". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on August 3, 2021. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
^ Hoge, Patrick (April 17, 2014). "Ad mogul Gurbaksh "G" Chahal pleads guilty to two misdemeanors, all others dismissed in domestic violence case". San Francisco Business Times. Archived from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved July 31, 2022.
^ ^a ^b Landsbaum, Claire (August 8, 2016). "Gurbaksh Chahal, a Silicon Valley Mogul Videotaped Kicking His Girlfriend 117 Times, Could Finally Go to Jail". The Cut. Archived from the original on July 15, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.
^ Lee, Newton (2014). "Personal Total Information Awareness". In Lee, Newton (ed.). Facebook Nation. Springer. pp. 305–345. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1740-2_15. ISBN 978-1-4939-1740-2.
^ Alexander, Kurtis; Ho, Vivian (August 8, 2013). "Internet mogul pleads not guilty to assault". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
^ ^a ^b "Internet mogul accused of domestic violence pleads guilty to two misdemeanors". The San Francisco Examiner. April 18, 2014. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
^ Primack, Dan (April 25, 2014). "It's time for RadiumOne's abusive CEO to go". Fortune. CNN Money. Archived from the original on June 1, 2014. Retrieved March 1, 2015.
^ Elder, Jeff (September 10, 2015). "Tech Firm Tried to Save IPO Amid CEO Scandal". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. ProQuest 1710603396. Archived from the original on March 24, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2024.
^ "Gurbaksh Chahal, former CEO fired after domestic violence plea, settles dispute with RadiumOne". The San Francisco Examiner. July 21, 2014. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.
^ Weisenthal, Joe. "RADIUMONE CEO: My Board Betrayed Me, Even Though I Made Them A Fortune". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.
^ ^a ^b Rainey, Libby (August 12, 2016). "Tech mogul Gurbaksh Chahal gets 1 year in domestic violence case". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved November 1, 2016.
^ Ma, Annie (April 28, 2018). "Court upholds ruling against SF tech mogul Chahal in domestic violence case". SFGate. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2020.
^ Daly, Michael (September 3, 2018). "O.J.'s Lawyer and the Woman-Abusing Princeling of Silicon Valley". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020 – via www.thedailybeast.com.

External links

Gurbaksh Chahal at IMDb
A panel discussion with Chahal, Conference on Entrepreneurship, Stanford University Graduate School of Business, March 2010

[1] Burleigh, Nina (12 August 2016). "The rise and fall of Silicon Valley's Gurbaksh Chahal". Newsweek. Archived from the original on 14 July 2021. Retrieved 14 July 2021.

[:7-2] Sharma, Manraj Grewal (2018-04-06). "With an eye on artificial intelligence, NRI looks to replicate Silicon Valley in Punjab". Hindustan Times. Archived from the original on 2021-07-14. Retrieved 2021-07-14.

[Times_online-3] Blakely, Rhys (September 5, 2007). "Yahoo snaps up BlueLithium in $300m deal". Times Online. Archived from the original on July 6, 2008. Retrieved March 1, 2015.

[sfgate4-4] Lee, Ellen (November 5, 2012). "Gurbaksh Chahal turns RadiumOne to gold". SFGate. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

[:17-5] "Best Young Tech Entrepreneurs 2010: GWallet". BusinessWeek. December 2, 2013. Archived from the original on December 2, 2013. Retrieved March 18, 2020.

[6] Sine, Richard (2011-04-11). "The World's Richest and Fittest Guys". Men's Health. Archived from the original on 2021-04-22. Retrieved 2021-08-05.

[:18-7] "The 25 Richest Tech Entrepreneurs Under 3017. Aaron Levie, 27". Complex. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved January 30, 2020.

[Indiatoday-8] Chitkara, Vanita (24 August 2011). "I take my culture wherever I go". India Today. Archived from the original on 2019-08-29. Retrieved March 2, 2020.

[:3-9] Chahal, Gurbaksh (October 23, 2008). The Dream: How I Learned the Risks and Rewards of Entrepreneurship and Made Millions. St. Martin's Publishing Group. ISBN 978-0-230-62108-4. Archived from the original on September 24, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.

[10] Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 40. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.

[:0-11] Zinko, Carolyne (October 26, 2008). "Advice from young millionaire Gurbaksh Chahal". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on September 15, 2012. Retrieved January 6, 2010.

[:4-12] "People | Gurbaksh Chahal - Entrepreneur Extraordinaire". darpanmagazine.com. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.

[:10-13] King, Rachael (April 20, 2010). "GWallet's Chahal Balances Flashy Lifestyle, Family Commitment". Bloomberg News. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020. Retrieved February 3, 2020.(subscription required)

[14] "Gurbaksh Chahal: Dreaming in Gold". Varsity Online. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2020.

[15] Chun, Janean (2012-03-29). "'Being Different Is Cool'". HuffPost. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2021-07-26.

[16] "First, $99. Then, Millions". The New York Times. 2008-09-06. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2021-08-30. Retrieved 2021-08-30.

[:16-17] "Cassidy: Meet G, Silicon Valley's celebrity entrepreneur". The Mercury News. November 4, 2008. Archived from the original on March 9, 2021. Retrieved February 9, 2020.

[18] Lagorio-Chafkin, Christine (March 8, 2011). "What Really Scares Entrepreneurs?". Inc.com. Archived from the original on March 11, 2016. Retrieved March 5, 2020.

[:2-19] Ferenstein, Gregory (March 29, 2011). "RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation". Fast Company. Archived from the original on July 4, 2012. Retrieved March 1, 2015.

[:14-20] Ferenstein, Gregory (March 29, 2011). "RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation". Fast Company. Archived from the original on September 3, 2018. Retrieved February 9, 2020.

[:23-21] "Gurbaksh Chahal Biography – Be Limitless". Archived from the original on 2021-08-26. Retrieved 2021-08-26.

[:9-22] Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 41. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.

[23] Murphy, Barbara (14 November 2000). "ValueClick Acquires Online Ad Competitor Click Agents.com". Los Angeles Times. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2021.

[:6-24] "gWallet raises $12.5M for more ethical virtual currency/offers system". VentureBeat. December 1, 2009. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 27, 2020.

[25] "Business 2.0...Big Innovations: BlueLithium". money.cnn.com. September 20, 2006. Archived from the original on August 5, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

[26] Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 42. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.

[27] "BlueLithium to buy AdRevolver". Silicon Valley Business Journal. November 22, 2004. Archived from the original on August 3, 2008. Retrieved February 9, 2020.

[28] Bogatin, Donna. "Beer fuels social networking: MingleNow 'Clinks' Anheuser-Busch". ZDNet. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2020.

[29] Hof, Rob (September 4, 2007). "Targeting You: Yahoo Moves Deeper into Behaviorial [sic] Targeting with BlueLithium Purchase". Bloomberg. Archived from the original on 2020-02-03. Retrieved 2020-02-03.

[30] "Yahoo buys behavioral ad firm for $300 mln". Reuters. September 5, 2007. Archived from the original on September 15, 2017. Retrieved February 9, 2020.

[31] "gWallet launches "brand bar" platform to monetize social games". VentureBeat. 2010-02-25. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2021-07-27.

[:19-32] "TRUSTe Places Privacy Seal Of Approval On Virtual Currency Platform gWallet". TechCrunch. 22 March 2010. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 2021-07-26.

[:21-33] "gWallet Launches New Format For Virtual Currency Offers; Eyes International Expansion". TechCrunch. 25 February 2010. Archived from the original on 2022-01-03. Retrieved 2021-07-27.

[34] McMahan, Ty (October 18, 2010). "New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'". The Wall Street Journal. Archived from the original on August 22, 2011. Retrieved October 21, 2010.

[35] Carson, Mel; Springer, Paul (October 3, 2012). Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media. Kogan Page Publishers. p. 44. ISBN 978-0-7494-6605-3. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved September 14, 2020.

[36] "RadiumOne Buys Mobile Photo Sharing App Developer Focal Labs". TechCrunch. 14 December 2011. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved February 10, 2020.

[37] "RadiumOne About To Corner The Market On Social Data Before Competitors Even Know What's Happening". TechCrunch. 21 May 2011. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved March 5, 2020.

[38] McMahan, Ty (October 18, 2010). "New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'". WSJ. Archived from the original on March 2, 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2020.

[:15-39] Ganguly, Payal (November 12, 2019). "Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn". TechCircle. Archived from the original on November 13, 2019. Retrieved November 13, 2019.

[:22-40] Crowther, Mel; Thomas, Nick (January 31, 2018). "Name Change Marks Renaissance for Gravity4". MrWeb. Archived from the original on June 7, 2018. Retrieved June 11, 2016.

[SFChronicleHuet-41] Huet, Ellen (August 13, 2016). "Gurbaksh Chahal flew high and fell fast". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.

[:12-42] "Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn". Techcircle. November 12, 2019. Archived from the original on November 13, 2019. Retrieved February 11, 2020.

[43] Carson, Biz (15 September 2015). "New lawsuit claims ad tech CEO Gurbaksh Chahal asked employee to lie about alleged domestic violence incident". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 16 January 2023. Retrieved 16 January 2023.

[:20-44] "Gurbaksh Chahal's Taara Labs is giving a boost to AI start-ups across the world". www.freepressjournal.in. Archived from the original on 2019-08-28. Retrieved 2021-07-26.

[:13-45] Dániel, Oláh (29 December 2019). "Az érettségizetlen milliárdos". mandiner.hu (in Hungarian). Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved February 11, 2020.

[46] Singh, Karan Deep (2021-11-18). "As India limits syringe exports, a supply crunch has buyers looking elsewhere". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Archived from the original on 2021-12-14. Retrieved 2021-12-14.

[47] "Giving back to society". The Tribune (Chandigarh). Archived from the original on 2021-07-18. Retrieved 2021-07-22.

[48] Vashist, Neha (30 May 2021). "#BigInterview: Gurbaksh and my social media presence amplified our reach, says Rubina Bajwa talking about her charitable foundation". The Times of India. Archived from the original on 2021-07-27. Retrieved 2021-07-22.

[busins-49] Hays, Kali (June 28, 2022). "Twitter permanently suspends scores of 'news' accounts under the company BNN founded by Gurbaksh Chahal, former tech CEO convicted of battery". businessinsider.com. Business Insider. Archived from the original on June 29, 2022. Retrieved January 23, 2024.

[sfgate-50] Regimbal, Alec (October 18, 2023). "'Fake news' site publishes more false stories about San Francisco Supervisor Dean Preston". sfgate.com. SFGate. Archived from the original on December 13, 2023. Retrieved January 23, 2024.

[thejournal-51] O Faolain, Aodhan (January 15, 2024). "Dave Fanning files defamation case over publication of news story wrongly linking him to criminal trial". TheJournal.ie. Archived from the original on February 16, 2024. Retrieved February 16, 2024.

[sfstandard-52] Sjostedt, David (October 18, 2023). "Only Elected Democratic Socialist in San Francisco Target of Fake News Site". sfstandard.com. The San Francisco Standard. Archived from the original on January 23, 2024. Retrieved January 23, 2024.

[GroundUp_12_March_2024-53] Geffen, Nathan (12 March 2024). "Google moves against notorious spam news website". GroundUp News. Retrieved 28 March 2024.

[The_New_York_Times_6_June_2024-54] Hill, Kashmir; Hsu, Tiffany (6 June 2024). "The Life, Death and Rebirth of an A.I.-Generated News Outlet". The New York Times. Retrieved 6 June 2024.

[55] "Evergreen Valley College Presents an Honorary Degree to Local San Jose Guy Turned Millionaire". Two Colleges:One Community - Official Newsletter of San Jose . Evergreen Community College District. No. 41. July 2010. p. 3.

[56] Zinko, Carolyne (April 29, 2010). "Internet star Chahal getting honorary doctorate". SFGate. Archived from the original on May 31, 2019. Retrieved March 2, 2020.

[57] Wilson, Matt. "30 Founders Under 30 Who Are Shaking Up Industries". Business Insider. Archived from the original on 2018-12-04. Retrieved 2021-08-08.

[58] Luce, Jim (August 2, 2012). "Global Indians Illuminate Fifth Avenue at Light of India Awards". Huffington Post. Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

[59] Vijayakar, R. M. (June 27, 2012). "'Light of India' Awards Brings Global Indians Together". India West. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020.

[businessinsider.com-60] Carson, Biz (August 14, 2016). "The rise and fall of Gurbaksh Chahal: How one tech CEO went from fame, fortune, and Oprah's couch to possible jail time". Business Insider. Archived from the original on May 25, 2019. Retrieved January 25, 2020.

[61] "ANOKHI'S 10th Anniversary "All-Star" Event Was A Night To Remember!". ANOKHI LIFE. 2013-05-16. Archived from the original on 2021-02-04. Retrieved 2021-08-05.

[62] "10 Tech Entrepreneurs Who Risked It All and Made It". Complex. Archived from the original on February 13, 2020. Retrieved March 2, 2020.

[:11-63] "Gurbaksh Chahal honoured by DSGMC, shares the moment with former PM Manmohan Singh". Firstpost. 30 September 2019. Archived from the original on January 30, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

[64] Evans, Teri (August 21, 2012). "Serial Entrepreneur Gurbaksh Chahal Commits $1 Million to Stop Hate Crimes". Entrepreneur. Archived from the original on November 26, 2019. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

[65] Sethi, Atul (September 2, 2012). "Sikh entrepreneur to launch 'Be Proud' movement to fight hate". The Times of India. Archived from the original on September 2, 2012. Retrieved February 10, 2020.

[66] "LDS Charities and Feminine Hygiene". news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org. May 9, 2018. Archived from the original on September 18, 2020. Retrieved March 7, 2020.

[67] "港台電視 31 早辰。早晨 - 手語直播節目︰廁紙搶劫案；《早辰一件事》：疫境有情；《早辰保抗力》：維他命C". www.rthk.hk (in Traditional Chinese). Archived from the original on January 3, 2022. Retrieved March 14, 2020.

[68] "Rubina Bajwa and beau Gurbaksh Chahal team up to help Hong Kong charity prevent spread of Coronavirus - Times of India". The Times of India. 11 February 2020. Archived from the original on January 4, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2020.

[69] "「政府做咗啲咩？」——民間收集口罩助基層 | 讀者來論". 眾新聞 (in Chinese). Archived from the original on June 30, 2021. Retrieved March 14, 2020.

[70] Vashist, Neha. ""We are working on delivering test kits, ventilators, and respirators"; Rubina Bajwa and Gurbaksh Chahal's initiative for Covid-19 patients - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on April 5, 2020. Retrieved March 29, 2020.

[71] Vashist, Neha. ""The world needs as much help it can get at this time", says Rubina Bajwa as beau Gurbaksh Chahal extends help for Covid-19 relief - Times of India". The Times of India. Archived from the original on April 12, 2020. Retrieved April 8, 2020.

[72] "BlueLithium founder Gurbaksh Chahal keeps his millions "Secret" for once". VentureBeat. December 17, 2008. Archived from the original on September 22, 2020. Retrieved February 9, 2020.

[73] Sine, Richard (April 11, 2011). "The World's Richest and Fittest Guys". Men's Health. Archived from the original on January 29, 2020. Retrieved February 12, 2020.

[74] Peterson, Andrea (April 29, 2014). "DCCC distances itself from tech CEO fired after domestic violence conviction". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on October 12, 2019. Retrieved February 10, 2020.

[75] "Avtar Chahal meets Obama, First Lady". India Post. 2 January 2013. Archived from the original on July 18, 2021. Retrieved February 10, 2020.

[76] Chahal, Gurbaksh (November 13, 2013). "I'm A CEO With A Paycheck Of $0–And You Should Join Me". Fast Company. Archived from the original on August 7, 2020. Retrieved March 5, 2020.

[77] Kaur, Ranpreet (December 10, 2019). "EXCLUSIVE: Rubina Bajwa CONFIRMS her relationship with Gurbaksh Chahal; Says 'He is the centre of my world'". PINKVILLA. Archived from the original on December 11, 2019. Retrieved January 24, 2020.

[78] "Exclusive Interview! Gurbaksh Chahal shares candid confessions on Rubina Bajwa's birthday". The Times of India. 24 February 2021. Archived from the original on 25 February 2021. Retrieved 21 March 2021.

[79] "Rubina Bajwa And Gurbaksh Chahal's Engagement: The Video Of The Couple Getting Blessings Is Taking Over The Internet; Watch". www.spotboye.com. Archived from the original on 2021-12-01. Retrieved 2021-12-01.

[80] "Rubina Bajwa marries Gurbaksh Chahal in Anand Karaj ceremony, watch". The Indian Express. 27 October 2022. Archived from the original on 15 February 2023. Retrieved 15 February 2023.

[81] Makarechi, Kia (April 28, 2014). "RadiumOne C.E.O. Finally Fired After Domestic-Violence Case". Vanity Fair. Archived from the original on August 3, 2021. Retrieved September 24, 2022.

[82] Hoge, Patrick (April 17, 2014). "Ad mogul Gurbaksh "G" Chahal pleads guilty to two misdemeanors, all others dismissed in domestic violence case". San Francisco Business Times. Archived from the original on July 8, 2022. Retrieved July 31, 2022.

[The_Cut-83] Landsbaum, Claire (August 8, 2016). "Gurbaksh Chahal, a Silicon Valley Mogul Videotaped Kicking His Girlfriend 117 Times, Could Finally Go to Jail". The Cut. Archived from the original on July 15, 2022. Retrieved September 24, 2022.

[84] Lee, Newton (2014). "Personal Total Information Awareness". In Lee, Newton (ed.). Facebook Nation. Springer. pp. 305–345. doi:10.1007/978-1-4939-1740-2_15. ISBN 978-1-4939-1740-2.

[:5-85] Alexander, Kurtis; Ho, Vivian (August 8, 2013). "Internet mogul pleads not guilty to assault". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.

[:1-86] "Internet mogul accused of domestic violence pleads guilty to two misdemeanors". The San Francisco Examiner. April 18, 2014. Archived from the original on January 31, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

[Fortune2014-87] Primack, Dan (April 25, 2014). "It's time for RadiumOne's abusive CEO to go". Fortune. CNN Money. Archived from the original on June 1, 2014. Retrieved March 1, 2015.

[Nagle-88] Elder, Jeff (September 10, 2015). "Tech Firm Tried to Save IPO Amid CEO Scandal". The Wall Street Journal. ISSN 0099-9660. ProQuest 1710603396. Archived from the original on March 24, 2023. Retrieved March 2, 2024.

[:8-89] "Gurbaksh Chahal, former CEO fired after domestic violence plea, settles dispute with RadiumOne". The San Francisco Examiner. July 21, 2014. Archived from the original on March 18, 2020. Retrieved January 23, 2020.

[90] Weisenthal, Joe. "RADIUMONE CEO: My Board Betrayed Me, Even Though I Made Them A Fortune". Business Insider. Archived from the original on January 27, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020.

[sentencing-91] Rainey, Libby (August 12, 2016). "Tech mogul Gurbaksh Chahal gets 1 year in domestic violence case". San Francisco Chronicle. Archived from the original on November 3, 2016. Retrieved November 1, 2016.

[sfgate.com-92] Ma, Annie (April 28, 2018). "Court upholds ruling against SF tech mogul Chahal in domestic violence case". SFGate. Archived from the original on March 4, 2020. Retrieved January 25, 2020.

[93] Daly, Michael (September 3, 2018). "O.J.'s Lawyer and the Woman-Abusing Princeling of Silicon Valley". The Daily Beast. Archived from the original on November 9, 2020. Retrieved January 31, 2020 – via www.thedailybeast.com.

[1]

[2]

[3]

[4]

[5]

[6]

[7]

[8]

[9]

[10]

[11]

[12]

[13]

[14]

[15]

[16]

[17]

[18]

[19]

[20]

[21]

[22]

[23]

[24]

[25]

[26]

[27]

[28]

[29]

[30]

[31]

[32]

[33]

[34]

[35]

[36]

[37]

[38]

[39]

[40]

[41]

[42]

[43]

[44]

[45]

[46]

[47]

[48]

[49]

[50]

[51]

[52]

[53]

[54]

[55]

[56]

[57]

[58]

[59]

[60]

[61]

[62]

[63]

[64]

[65]

[66]

[67]

[68]

[69]

[70]

[71]

[72]

[73]

[74]

[75]

[76]

[77]

[78]

[79]

[80]

[81]

[82]

[83]

[84]

[85]

[86]

[87]

[88]

[89]

[90]

[91]

[92]

[93]

@@ Line 1: / Line 1: @@
 {{Short description|American businessman}}
+{{pp-extended|small=yes}}
 {{Infobox person
 | name               = Gurbaksh Singh Chahal
 | image              = File:Gurbaksh Chahal.jpg
 | image_upright      =
-| caption            = Gurbaksh Chahal
+| caption            = Gurbaksh in 2019
 | birth_date         = {{birth date and age|1982|7|17}}
 | birth_place        = [[Tarn Taran Sahib]], [[Punjab (India)|Punjab]], [[India]]
@@ Line 11: / Line 12: @@
 | years_active       = 1998–present
 | known_for          = Founder of ClickAgents, BlueLithium, [[RadiumOne]], Gravity4, Taara Labs, RedLotus, and VendorCloud
-| party              = [[Democratic Party (United States)]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Burleigh |first1=Nina |title=The rise and fall of Silicon Valley's Gurbaksh Chahal |url=https://www.newsweek.com/2016/09/30/gurbaksh-chahal-prison-silicon-valley-domestic-violence-radiumone-bluelithium-490120.html |work=Newsweek |date=12 August 2016 |language=en |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=14 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714113222/https://www.newsweek.com/2016/09/30/gurbaksh-chahal-prison-silicon-valley-domestic-violence-radiumone-bluelithium-490120.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
+| party              = [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]]<ref>{{cite news |last1=Burleigh |first1=Nina |title=The rise and fall of Silicon Valley's Gurbaksh Chahal |url=https://www.newsweek.com/2016/09/30/gurbaksh-chahal-prison-silicon-valley-domestic-violence-radiumone-bluelithium-490120.html |work=Newsweek |date=12 August 2016 |language=en |access-date=14 July 2021 |archive-date=14 July 2021 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714113222/https://www.newsweek.com/2016/09/30/gurbaksh-chahal-prison-silicon-valley-domestic-violence-radiumone-bluelithium-490120.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
+| criminal_charges   = [[Domestic violence]] [[battery (crime)|battery]]
-| partner            = [[Rubina Bajwa]]
+| spouse             = {{marriage|[[Rubina Bajwa]]|26 October 2022}}
 | mother             = Arjinder Chahal
 | father             = Avtar Singh
@@ Line 18: / Line 20: @@
 }}
-'''Gurbaksh Singh Chahal''' (born July 17, 1982) is an [[Indian Americans|Indian-American]] internet entrepreneur who is the founder of several internet advertising companies.
+'''Gurbaksh Singh Chahal''' (born July 17, 1982) is an [[Indian Americans|Indian-American]] entrepreneur who has founded, managed, and frequently sold several internet advertising companies. However, legal issues involving violence against women have resulted in his removal from two of his businesses.
-Chahal founded his first advertising network at an age of 16 and two years later, became a millionaire after selling it to [[ValueClick]] at nearly $40 million.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|last=Sharma|first=Manraj Grewal|date=2018-04-06|title=With an eye on artificial intelligence, NRI looks to replicate Silicon Valley in Punjab|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/with-an-eye-on-artificial-intelligence-nri-looks-to-replicate-silicon-valley-in-punjab/story-E0hsrv78IerQUgjY39VAmK.html|access-date=2021-07-14|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714114430/https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/with-an-eye-on-artificial-intelligence-nri-looks-to-replicate-silicon-valley-in-punjab/story-E0hsrv78IerQUgjY39VAmK.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2004, he co-founded BlueLithium, which went on to become the fifth largest ad-network in USA, before being sold to Yahoo in a $300 million deal.<ref name="Times online">{{Cite web|last=Blakely|first=Rhys|date=September 5, 2007|title=Yahoo snaps up BlueLithium in $300m deal|url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/technology/article2391674.ece|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706001036/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/technology/article2391674.ece|archive-date=July 6, 2008|access-date=March 1, 2015|website=Times Online}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> Chahal has since founded other internet-based companies including [[RadiumOne]]<ref name="sfgate4">{{Cite web|last=Lee|first=Ellen|date=November 5, 2012|title=Gurbaksh Chahal turns RadiumOne to gold|url=https://www.sfgate.com/business/ontherecord/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-turns-RadiumOne-to-gold-4010360.php|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=SFGate|archive-date=January 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131044403/https://www.sfgate.com/business/ontherecord/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-turns-RadiumOne-to-gold-4010360.php|url-status=live}}</ref> and Gravity4. He is currently the CEO of VendorCloud and RedLotus.
+Chahal founded his first advertising network at the age of 16 and two years later became a millionaire after selling it to [[ValueClick]] for nearly $40 million.<ref name=":7">{{Cite web|last=Sharma|first=Manraj Grewal|date=2018-04-06|title=With an eye on artificial intelligence, NRI looks to replicate Silicon Valley in Punjab|url=https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/with-an-eye-on-artificial-intelligence-nri-looks-to-replicate-silicon-valley-in-punjab/story-E0hsrv78IerQUgjY39VAmK.html|access-date=2021-07-14|website=[[Hindustan Times]]|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-14|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210714114430/https://www.hindustantimes.com/punjab/with-an-eye-on-artificial-intelligence-nri-looks-to-replicate-silicon-valley-in-punjab/story-E0hsrv78IerQUgjY39VAmK.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2004, he co-founded [[BlueLithium]], which went on to become the fifth-largest internet advertising network in the United States before being sold to Yahoo in a $300 million deal.<ref name="Times online">{{Cite web|last=Blakely|first=Rhys|date=September 5, 2007|title=Yahoo snaps up BlueLithium in $300m deal|url=http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/technology/article2391674.ece|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080706001036/http://business.timesonline.co.uk/tol/business/industry_sectors/technology/article2391674.ece|archive-date=July 6, 2008|access-date=March 1, 2015|website=Times Online}}</ref><ref name=":7" /> Chahal has since founded other internet-based companies including [[RadiumOne]]<ref name="sfgate4">{{Cite web|last=Lee|first=Ellen|date=November 5, 2012|title=Gurbaksh Chahal turns RadiumOne to gold|url=https://www.sfgate.com/business/ontherecord/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-turns-RadiumOne-to-gold-4010360.php|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=SFGate|archive-date=January 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131044403/https://www.sfgate.com/business/ontherecord/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-turns-RadiumOne-to-gold-4010360.php|url-status=live}}</ref> and [[Gravity4]]. He is currently the CEO of [[VendorCloud]] and [[RedLotus]].
-In 2010, [[Bloomberg Businessweek]] named him among the 15 best young entrepreneurs of the year.<ref name=":17" /> In 2012,  Chahal was enlisted among the 25 richest entrepreneurs under the age of 30 by [[Complex (magazine)|Complex magazine]]. In 2013, he was named as one of the [[Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award|entrepreneurs of the year]] by [[Ernst and Young]].<ref name=":18" /> In April 2011, [[Men's Health]] reported his net worth to be $150 million.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sine|first=Richard|date=2011-04-11|title=The World's Richest and Fittest Guys|url=https://www.menshealth.com/trending-news/a19540258/worlds-fittest-richest-guys/|access-date=2021-08-05|website=[[Men's Health]]|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422143408/https://www.menshealth.com/trending-news/a19540258/worlds-fittest-richest-guys/|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2010, ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'' named him to its list of the 15 best young entrepreneurs of the year.<ref name=":17" /> In April 2011, ''[[Men's Health]]'' called him one of "The World’s Richest and Fittest Guys", reporting his net worth to be $150 million.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sine|first=Richard|date=2011-04-11|title=The World's Richest and Fittest Guys|url=https://www.menshealth.com/trending-news/a19540258/worlds-fittest-richest-guys/|access-date=2021-08-05|website=[[Men's Health]]|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-04-22|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210422143408/https://www.menshealth.com/trending-news/a19540258/worlds-fittest-richest-guys/|url-status=live}}</ref> The next year, Chahal was listed among the 25 richest entrepreneurs under the age of 30 by ''[[Complex (magazine)|Complex]]'' magazine, and in 2013 he was one of [[Ernst and Young]]'s [[Ernst & Young Entrepreneur of the Year Award|entrepreneurs of the year]].<ref name=":18" />
-In 2013, Chahal was convicted of [[domestic violence]] and [[Battery (crime)|battery]] and was sentenced to [[probation]]. In court he pled not guilty. He was terminated from his role as CEO of RadiumOne by the board of directors. In 2016, after he was charged with domestic violence against a second woman, his probation was revoked. He resigned as CEO of Gravity4 and served six months in jail.
+Also in 2013, Chahal went to trial on charges of [[domestic violence]] and [[Battery (crime)|battery]]; although he pleaded not guilty, he was convicted and sentenced to [[probation]]. He was fired as [[CEO]] of RadiumOne by the board of directors. In 2016, after he was charged with domestic violence against a second woman, his probation was revoked. He resigned as CEO of Gravity4 and served six months in jail.
 == Early life ==
-Chahal was born on July 17, 1982, in [[Tarn Taran Sahib]], a city near [[Amritsar]] in India's [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] state, in a [[Sikhs|Sikh family]]. He was the youngest of four children.<ref name="Indiatoday" /><ref name=":7" /> His father, Avtar Singh, was a police officer and mother, Arjinder Chahal, was a nurse in [[Tarn Taran Sahib]], who started as a hospital orderly and later became a registered nurse. In 1985, during the aftermath of the [[Khalistan movement|Khalistani insurgency]], Chahal's parents emigrated to the United States, his father having won a green card lottery and stayed with friends in [[San Jose, California|San Jose]].<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Chahal|first=Gurbaksh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jiH8UqXUKvgC|title=The Dream: How I Learned the Risks and Rewards of Entrepreneurship and Made Millions|date=October 23, 2008|publisher=St. Martin's Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-230-62108-4|language=en}}</ref> Chahal was raised by his grandmother for a short time. He emigrated the following year, at age four. The family lived in a one-bedroom apartment in [[San Jose, California]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=40|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173255/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|url-status=live}}</ref> His father gained a job in the Postal Service; his mother worked as an assistant to a nurse.<ref name=":3" /> He has two elder sisters — Nirmal and Kamal, and an elder brother Taj Chahal; the latter two had worked with Chahal in his ventures.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Zinko|first=Carolyne|date=October 26, 2008|title=Advice from young millionaire Gurbaksh Chahal|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|url=https://www.sfgate.com/style/article/Advice-from-young-millionaire-Gurbaksh-Chahal-3264414.php|access-date=January 6, 2010|archive-date=September 15, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915034957/http://www.sfgate.com/style/article/Advice-from-young-millionaire-Gurbaksh-Chahal-3264414.php|url-status=live}}</ref> His family were devout followers of [[Sikhism]] and Chahal and his brother used to wear a [[turban]], a type of [[headwear]] based on cloth winding.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=People {{!}} Gurbaksh Chahal - Entrepreneur Extraordinaire|url=https://darpanmagazine.com/people/businessleaders/gurbaksh-chahal-entrepreneur-extraordinaire/|access-date=February 9, 2020|website=darpanmagazine.com|language=en|archive-date=January 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129195240/https://www.darpanmagazine.com/people/businessleaders/gurbaksh-chahal-entrepreneur-extraordinaire/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> He has claimed of being subject to intense racial bullying from the age of 5 in the local elementary school. At the age of 10, he was forced to remove his [[Dastar|turban]], at knife-point.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web|last=King|first=Rachael|date=April 20, 2010|title=GWallet's Chahal Balances Flashy Lifestyle, Family Commitment|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-04-20/gwallets-chahal-balances-flashy-lifestyle-family-commitmentbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice|access-date=February 3, 2020|website=Bloomberg|archive-date=January 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131153511/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-04-20/gwallets-chahal-balances-flashy-lifestyle-family-commitmentbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice|url-status=live}}{{subscription required}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Gurbaksh Chahal: Dreaming in Gold|url=http://www.varsity.co.uk/news/2502|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=Varsity Online|language=en|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173301/https://www.varsity.co.uk/news/2502|url-status=live}}</ref>
+Chahal was born on July 17, 1982, in [[Tarn Taran Sahib]], a city near [[Amritsar]] in India's [[Punjab, India|Punjab]] state, in a [[Sikhs|Sikh family]]. He was the youngest of four children.<ref name="Indiatoday" /><ref name=":7" /> His father, Avtar Singh, was a police officer and mother, Arjinder Chahal, was a nurse in [[Tarn Taran Sahib]]. In 1985, during the aftermath of the [[Khalistan movement|Khalistani insurgency]], Chahal's parents emigrated to the United States, his father having won a [[green card]] lottery.<ref name=":3">{{Cite book|last=Chahal|first=Gurbaksh|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=jiH8UqXUKvgC|title=The Dream: How I Learned the Risks and Rewards of Entrepreneurship and Made Millions|date=October 23, 2008|publisher=St. Martin's Publishing Group|isbn=978-0-230-62108-4|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=September 24, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220924121454/https://books.google.com/books?id=jiH8UqXUKvgC|url-status=live}}</ref> Chahal was raised by his grandmother for a short time. He emigrated the following year, at age four. The family lived in a one-bedroom apartment in [[San Jose, California]].<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=40|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173255/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|url-status=live}}</ref> His father took a job with the Postal Service and his mother worked as an nurse's assistant.<ref name=":3" /> He has two elder sisters — Nirmal and Kamal, and an elder brother Taj Chahal; the latter two had worked with Chahal in his ventures.<ref name=":0">{{Cite news|last=Zinko|first=Carolyne|date=October 26, 2008|title=Advice from young millionaire Gurbaksh Chahal|work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]|url=https://www.sfgate.com/style/article/Advice-from-young-millionaire-Gurbaksh-Chahal-3264414.php|access-date=January 6, 2010|archive-date=September 15, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120915034957/http://www.sfgate.com/style/article/Advice-from-young-millionaire-Gurbaksh-Chahal-3264414.php|url-status=live}}</ref> His family were devout followers of [[Sikhism]] and Chahal and his brother used to wear a [[turban]], a type of headwear based on cloth winding.<ref name=":4">{{Cite web|title=People {{!}} Gurbaksh Chahal - Entrepreneur Extraordinaire|url=https://darpanmagazine.com/people/businessleaders/gurbaksh-chahal-entrepreneur-extraordinaire/|access-date=February 9, 2020|website=darpanmagazine.com|language=en|archive-date=January 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129195240/https://www.darpanmagazine.com/people/businessleaders/gurbaksh-chahal-entrepreneur-extraordinaire/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":3" /> He has said that he was the subject of intense racial bullying from the age of 5 in the local elementary school. At the age of 10, he was forced to remove his [[Dastar|turban]], at knife-point.<ref name=":10">{{Cite web |last=King |first=Rachael |date=April 20, 2010 |title=GWallet's Chahal Balances Flashy Lifestyle, Family Commitment |url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-04-20/gwallets-chahal-balances-flashy-lifestyle-family-commitmentbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131153511/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2010-04-20/gwallets-chahal-balances-flashy-lifestyle-family-commitmentbusinessweek-business-news-stock-market-and-financial-advice |archive-date=January 31, 2020 |access-date=February 3, 2020 |website=[[Bloomberg News]]}}{{subscription required}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Gurbaksh Chahal: Dreaming in Gold|url=http://www.varsity.co.uk/news/2502|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=Varsity Online|language=en|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173301/https://www.varsity.co.uk/news/2502|url-status=live}}</ref>
-Chahal was an average student during schooling, he brought B and C grades in studies. He bought second hand printers from the local market for $50 and resold printers on [[eBay]] for $200 to support his family at the age of 15.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chun|first=Janean|date=2012-03-29|title='Being Different Is Cool'|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gurbaksh-chahal-radiumone_n_1376013|access-date=2021-07-26|website=HuffPost|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727115922/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gurbaksh-chahal-radiumone_n_1376013|url-status=live}}</ref> Chahal bought the [[Dell|Dell.net]] and [[Hewlett-Packard|HP.net]] domain names in 1997 and sent a letter to the companies offering to sell the names back to them for ten thousand dollars. He started receiving [[Cease and desist|cease-and-desist]] letters and had to give the domains back. All of his family members had to work in double shifts after his father incurred losses in stock market trading.<ref name=":4" />
+Chahal was an average student during schooling, earning B and C grades in his studies. To support his family, he bought second hand printers from the local market for $50 and resold printers on [[eBay]] for $200 at the age of 15.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chun|first=Janean|date=2012-03-29|title='Being Different Is Cool'|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gurbaksh-chahal-radiumone_n_1376013|access-date=2021-07-26|website=HuffPost|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727115922/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/gurbaksh-chahal-radiumone_n_1376013|url-status=live}}</ref> Chahal bought the [[Dell|Dell.net]] and [[Hewlett-Packard|HP.net]] domain names in 1997 and sent a letter to the companies offering to sell the names back to them for ten thousand dollars. He started receiving [[Cease and desist|cease-and-desist]] letters and had to give the domains back. All of his family members had to work double shifts after his father incurred losses in stock market trading.<ref name=":4" />
 == Education ==
-At age 16, in the year 1998 Chahal dropped out of [[Independence High School (San Jose, California)|Independence High School]] to pursue a career in Internet advertising; his parents wished him to be a doctor. While still in high school, he took college course on the campus of what is now [[Evergreen Valley College]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2008-09-06|title=First, $99. Then, Millions.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/07/jobs/07boss.html|access-date=2021-08-30|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=2021-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830123920/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/07/jobs/07boss.html|url-status=live}}</ref> In 1998 Chahal launched a digital advertising company with the name ClickAgents, Chahal has since noted this to be the biggest risk-prone decision taken in his career.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":16">{{Cite web|date=November 4, 2008|title=Cassidy: Meet G, Silicon Valley's celebrity entrepreneur|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2008/11/04/cassidy-meet-g-silicon-valleys-celebrity-entrepreneur/|access-date=February 9, 2020|website=The Mercury News|language=en-US|archive-date=March 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309151803/https://www.mercurynews.com/2008/11/04/cassidy-meet-g-silicon-valleys-celebrity-entrepreneur/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lagorio-Chafkin|first=Christine|date=March 8, 2011|title=What Really Scares Entrepreneurs?|url=https://www.inc.com/staff-blog/what-really-scares-entrepreneurs.html|access-date=March 5, 2020|website=Inc.com|archive-date=March 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311223859/http://www.inc.com/staff-blog/what-really-scares-entrepreneurs.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
+Although his parents hoped he would become a doctor, 16-year-old Chahal dropped out of [[Independence High School (San Jose, California)|Independence High School]] in 1998 to pursue a career in internet advertising. While still in high school, he had taken college-level computer courses on the campus of what is now [[Evergreen Valley College]].<ref>{{Cite news|date=2008-09-06|title=First, $99. Then, Millions.|language=en-US|work=The New York Times|url=https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/07/jobs/07boss.html|access-date=2021-08-30|issn=0362-4331|archive-date=2021-08-30|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210830123920/https://www.nytimes.com/2008/09/07/jobs/07boss.html|url-status=live}}</ref> After leaving high school, Chahal launched a digital advertising company called ClickAgents, which as recently as 2008 he asserted was the riskiest decision he has ever made.<ref name=":0" /><ref name=":16">{{Cite web|date=November 4, 2008|title=Cassidy: Meet G, Silicon Valley's celebrity entrepreneur|url=https://www.mercurynews.com/2008/11/04/cassidy-meet-g-silicon-valleys-celebrity-entrepreneur/|access-date=February 9, 2020|website=The Mercury News|language=en-US|archive-date=March 9, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210309151803/https://www.mercurynews.com/2008/11/04/cassidy-meet-g-silicon-valleys-celebrity-entrepreneur/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Lagorio-Chafkin|first=Christine|date=March 8, 2011|title=What Really Scares Entrepreneurs?|url=https://www.inc.com/staff-blog/what-really-scares-entrepreneurs.html|access-date=March 5, 2020|website=Inc.com|archive-date=March 11, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20160311223859/http://www.inc.com/staff-blog/what-really-scares-entrepreneurs.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
 == Career ==
 [[File:Gurbaksh_Chahal_receives_E&Y_Entrepreneur_of_the_Year.jpg|thumb|Gurbaksh Chahal accepting the E&Y Entrepreneur of the Year Award for RadiumOne, 2013]]
-Chahal started his career buying and reselling printers on [[eBay]], after being turned away from a job at [[McDonald's]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Ferenstein|first=Gregory|date=March 29, 2011|title=RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-talks-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation|access-date=March 1, 2015|website=Fast Company|archive-date=July 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704214623/http://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-talks-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation|url-status=live}}</ref> His initial forays into the business world were to support his family and largely derived from his father's interests in stock trading.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web|last=Ferenstein|first=Gregory|date=March 29, 2011|title=RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-his-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation|access-date=February 9, 2020|website=Fast Company|language=en-US|archive-date=September 3, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903182939/https://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-his-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation|url-status=live}}</ref>
+Chahal started his career buying and reselling printers on [[eBay]], after being turned away from a job at [[McDonald's]].<ref name=":2">{{Cite web|last=Ferenstein|first=Gregory|date=March 29, 2011|title=RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation|url=http://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-talks-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation|access-date=March 1, 2015|website=Fast Company|archive-date=July 4, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120704214623/http://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-talks-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation|url-status=live}}</ref> His initial forays into the business world were to support his family and largely derived from his father's interests in stock trading.<ref name=":14">{{Cite web |last=Ferenstein |first=Gregory |date=March 29, 2011 |title=RadiumOne CEO on His McDonald's Rejection, Social Ads, and Do-Not-Track Legislation |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-his-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180903182939/https://www.fastcompany.com/1743178/radiumone-ceo-his-mcdonalds-rejection-social-ads-and-do-not-track-legislation |archive-date=September 3, 2018 |access-date=February 9, 2020 |website=[[Fast Company]] |language=en-US}}</ref>
 === ClickAgents ===
-In 1998, at the age of 16, Chahal founded ClickAgents, which was among first of its kind pay per click network.<ref name=":23">{{Cite web|title=Gurbaksh Chahal Biography – Be Limitless|url=https://belimitless.com/gurbaksh-chahal/|access-date=2021-08-26|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826161122/https://belimitless.com/gurbaksh-chahal/|url-status=live}}</ref> It started as an advertising network focused on performance-based advertising, on the lines of [[DoubleClick]].<ref name=":4" /> By 2000, it had numerous customers and had a staff-strength of 34.<ref name=":9">{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=41|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173302/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|url-status=live}}</ref> It was acquired by [[Alliance Data|ValueClick]] in November 2000 in an all-stock deal valued at nearly $40 million, which made him an overnight millionaire.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Murphy|first1=Barbara|date=14 November 2000|title=ValueClick Acquires Online Ad Competitor Click Agents.com|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-nov-14-me-51640-story.html|access-date=16 July 2021|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716140628/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-nov-14-me-51640-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=December 1, 2009|title=gWallet raises $12.5M for more ethical virtual currency/offers system|url=https://venturebeat.com/2009/12/01/gwallet-raises-12-5m-for-more-ethical-virtual-currency-system/|access-date=January 27, 2020|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=January 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127061939/https://venturebeat.com/2009/12/01/gwallet-raises-12-5m-for-more-ethical-virtual-currency-system/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":9" />
+In 1998, at the age of 16, Chahal founded ClickAgents, which was among the first pay-per-click networks.<ref name=":23">{{Cite web|title=Gurbaksh Chahal Biography – Be Limitless|url=https://belimitless.com/gurbaksh-chahal/|access-date=2021-08-26|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-08-26|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210826161122/https://belimitless.com/gurbaksh-chahal/|url-status=live}}</ref> It started as an advertising network focused on performance-based advertising, on the lines of [[DoubleClick]].<ref name=":4" /> By 2000, it had numerous customers and had 34 employees.<ref name=":9">{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=41|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173302/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|url-status=live}}</ref> It was acquired by [[Alliance Data|ValueClick]] in November 2000 in an all-stock deal valued at nearly $40 million, which made Chahal an overnight millionaire.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Murphy|first1=Barbara|date=14 November 2000|title=ValueClick Acquires Online Ad Competitor Click Agents.com|work=Los Angeles Times|url=https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-nov-14-me-51640-story.html|access-date=16 July 2021|archive-date=16 July 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210716140628/https://www.latimes.com/archives/la-xpm-2000-nov-14-me-51640-story.html|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":6">{{Cite web|date=December 1, 2009|title=gWallet raises $12.5M for more ethical virtual currency/offers system|url=https://venturebeat.com/2009/12/01/gwallet-raises-12-5m-for-more-ethical-virtual-currency-system/|access-date=January 27, 2020|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=January 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127061939/https://venturebeat.com/2009/12/01/gwallet-raises-12-5m-for-more-ethical-virtual-currency-system/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":9" />
 === BlueLithium and MingleNow ===
-In 2004, Chahal founded BlueLithium, a company that specialized in [[Targeted advertising|behavioral targeting]], a technique whereby web users' habits online are tracked in order to show customized ads.<ref name="Times online" /><ref name=":2" /> The ad-tech industry praised it with [[Business 2.0]] placing it among the 11 most disruptive innovations of 2006,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Business 2.0...Big Innovations: BlueLithium - Sep. 20, 2006|url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/09/15/technology/disruptors_bluelithium.biz2/index.htm|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=money.cnn.com|archive-date=August 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805035838/https://money.cnn.com/2006/09/15/technology/disruptors_bluelithium.biz2/index.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and by the same year, it had expanded operations to other countries, having purchased AdRevolver.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=42|language=en}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=November 22, 2004|title=BlueLithium to buy AdRevolver|work=[[American City Business Journals#Newspapers|Silicon Valley Business Journal]]|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/stories/2004/11/22/daily5.html|access-date=February 9, 2020|archive-date=August 3, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803181656/http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/stories/2004/11/22/daily5.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The same year, the company again received the title of Top Innovator of the Year for 2006.<ref name=":23" /> MingleNow, a social network was simultaneously launched, which was accorded a partnership deal by [[Anheuser-Busch]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bogatin|first=Donna|title=Beer fuels social networking: MingleNow 'Clinks' Anheuser-Busch|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/beer-fuels-social-networking-minglenow-clinks-anheuser-busch/|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=ZDNet|language=en|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173312/https://www.zdnet.com/article/beer-fuels-social-networking-minglenow-clinks-anheuser-busch/|url-status=live}}</ref> It was named among the top 100 private companies of America by AlwaysOn for three consecutive years<ref name=":4" /> and in 2007, [[Yahoo!]] bought it for $300 million in cash; Chahal remained CEO during interim period.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hof|first=Rob|date=September 4, 2007|title=Targeting You: Yahoo Moves Deeper into {{sic|nolink=y|reason=error in source|Behaviorial}} Targeting with BlueLithium Purchase|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-09-03/targeting-you-yahoo-moves-deeper-into-behaviorial-targeting-with-bluelithium-purchase|website=Bloomberg|access-date=2020-02-03|archive-date=2020-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203143101/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-09-03/targeting-you-yahoo-moves-deeper-into-behaviorial-targeting-with-bluelithium-purchase|url-status=live}}</ref> It was the fifth largest ad-network in USA and second largest in UK, at time of sale.<ref>{{Cite news|date=September 5, 2007|title=Yahoo buys behavioral ad firm for $300 mln|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0444409120070905|access-date=February 9, 2020|archive-date=September 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915204504/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0444409120070905|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2004, Chahal founded BlueLithium, a company that specialized in [[Targeted advertising|behavioral targeting]], a technique whereby web users' online habits are tracked in order to show customized ads.<ref name="Times online" /><ref name=":2" /> The ad-tech industry praised it with ''[[Business 2.0]]'' listing it among the 11 most disruptive innovations of 2006,<ref>{{Cite web|title=Business 2.0...Big Innovations: BlueLithium |date= September 20, 2006|url=https://money.cnn.com/2006/09/15/technology/disruptors_bluelithium.biz2/index.htm|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=money.cnn.com|archive-date=August 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200805035838/https://money.cnn.com/2006/09/15/technology/disruptors_bluelithium.biz2/index.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> and by the same year, it had expanded operations to other countries, having purchased AdRevolver.<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=42|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173302/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|date=November 22, 2004|title=BlueLithium to buy AdRevolver|work=[[American City Business Journals#Newspapers|Silicon Valley Business Journal]]|url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/stories/2004/11/22/daily5.html|access-date=February 9, 2020|archive-date=August 3, 2008|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20080803181656/http://www.bizjournals.com/sanjose/stories/2004/11/22/daily5.html|url-status=live}}</ref> The same year, the company again received the title of Top Innovator of the Year for 2006.<ref name=":23" />
+MingleNow, a social network was simultaneously launched, which was accorded a partnership deal by [[Anheuser-Busch]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Bogatin|first=Donna|title=Beer fuels social networking: MingleNow 'Clinks' Anheuser-Busch|url=https://www.zdnet.com/article/beer-fuels-social-networking-minglenow-clinks-anheuser-busch/|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=ZDNet|language=en|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173312/https://www.zdnet.com/article/beer-fuels-social-networking-minglenow-clinks-anheuser-busch/|url-status=live}}</ref> It was named among the top 100 private companies of America by AlwaysOn for three consecutive years<ref name=":4" /> and in 2007, [[Yahoo!]] bought it for $300 million in cash; Chahal remained CEO during interim period.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Hof|first=Rob|date=September 4, 2007|title=Targeting You: Yahoo Moves Deeper into {{sic|nolink=y|reason=error in source|Behaviorial}} Targeting with BlueLithium Purchase|url=https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-09-03/targeting-you-yahoo-moves-deeper-into-behaviorial-targeting-with-bluelithium-purchase|website=Bloomberg|access-date=2020-02-03|archive-date=2020-02-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200203143101/https://www.bloomberg.com/news/articles/2007-09-03/targeting-you-yahoo-moves-deeper-into-behaviorial-targeting-with-bluelithium-purchase|url-status=live}}</ref> It was the fifth largest ad-network in the United States and the second largest in the UK at the time of sale.<ref>{{Cite news|date=September 5, 2007|title=Yahoo buys behavioral ad firm for $300 mln|language=en|work=Reuters|url=https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0444409120070905|access-date=February 9, 2020|archive-date=September 15, 2017|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20170915204504/https://www.reuters.com/article/idUSN0444409120070905|url-status=live}}</ref>
 === GWallet to RadiumOne ===
-In 2009, Chahal launched another venture gWallet that partnered with brand and game developers to bring users virtual currency offers.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-02-25|title=gWallet launches "brand bar" platform to monetize social games|url=https://venturebeat.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-brand-bar-platform-to-monetize-social-games/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727143818/https://venturebeat.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-brand-bar-platform-to-monetize-social-games/|url-status=live}}</ref> The startup worked directly with brands instead of using any kind of affiliate model. It used branded video campaigns to engage with consumers. [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]], [[Best Buy]], [[Kmart (United States)|K-Mart]], [[Nestlé|Nestle]], and [[History (American TV network)|The History channel]] used their video campaigns on the social network.<ref name=":19">{{Cite web|title=TRUSTe Places Privacy Seal Of Approval On Virtual Currency Platform gWallet|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2010/03/21/truste-places-privacy-seal-of-approval-on-virtual-currency-platform-gwallet/|access-date=2021-07-26|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173331/https://techcrunch.com/2010/03/21/truste-places-privacy-seal-of-approval-on-virtual-currency-platform-gwallet/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{Cite web|title=gWallet Launches New Format For Virtual Currency Offers; Eyes International Expansion|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-new-format-for-virtual-currency-offers-eyes-international-expansion/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173306/https://techcrunch.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-new-format-for-virtual-currency-offers-eyes-international-expansion/|url-status=live}}</ref> The startup's research showed that only 2-4% of users chose to pause a video game and opt to explore brand engagement and any offers like earning a virtual currency. This meant that the current method of advertisement and engagement by most games was not very effective and lacked the required engagement from its users. gWallet instead introduced its own concept of a brand bar which was supposed to be an ingame concept. The brand bar would act as a top menu bar on the game play screen which would allow the users to view advertisements while playing a game, or access options to earn virtual currency while playing the game.<ref name=":21" /> With this model, in its stark contrast to existing separate menus for such engagements, gWallet eventually raised $10 million in funding.<ref name=":19" />
+In 2009, Chahal launched gWallet, a venture that partnered with brand and game developers to bring users virtual currency offers.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2010-02-25|title=gWallet launches "brand bar" platform to monetize social games|url=https://venturebeat.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-brand-bar-platform-to-monetize-social-games/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=2021-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727143818/https://venturebeat.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-brand-bar-platform-to-monetize-social-games/|url-status=live}}</ref> The startup worked directly with brands instead of using any kind of affiliate model. It used branded video campaigns to engage with consumers. [[The Walt Disney Company|Disney]], [[Best Buy]], [[Kmart (United States)|K-Mart]], [[Nestlé|Nestle]], and [[History (American TV network)|The History Channel]] used their video campaigns on the social network.<ref name=":19">{{Cite web|title=TRUSTe Places Privacy Seal Of Approval On Virtual Currency Platform gWallet|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2010/03/21/truste-places-privacy-seal-of-approval-on-virtual-currency-platform-gwallet/|access-date=2021-07-26|website=TechCrunch|date=22 March 2010 |language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173331/https://techcrunch.com/2010/03/21/truste-places-privacy-seal-of-approval-on-virtual-currency-platform-gwallet/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":21">{{Cite web|title=gWallet Launches New Format For Virtual Currency Offers; Eyes International Expansion|url=https://social.techcrunch.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-new-format-for-virtual-currency-offers-eyes-international-expansion/|access-date=2021-07-27|website=TechCrunch|date=25 February 2010 |language=en-US|archive-date=2022-01-03|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173306/https://techcrunch.com/2010/02/25/gwallet-launches-new-format-for-virtual-currency-offers-eyes-international-expansion/|url-status=live}}</ref> The startup's research showed that only 2-4% of users chose to pause a video game and opt to explore brand engagement and any offers like earning a virtual currency. This meant that the current method of advertisement and engagement by most games was not very effective and lacked the required engagement from its users. gWallet instead introduced its own concept of a brand bar which was supposed to be an ingame concept. The brand bar would act as a top menu bar on the game play screen which would allow the users to view advertisements while playing a game, or access options to earn virtual currency while playing the game.<ref name=":21" /> With this model, in its contrast to existing separate menus for such engagements, gWallet eventually raised $10 million in funding.<ref name=":19" />
-In 2010, Chahal founded RadiumOne, another online ad company<ref>{{Cite news|last=McMahan|first=Ty|date=October 18, 2010|title=New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=http://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|access-date=October 21, 2010|archive-date=August 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822070954/http://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|url-status=live}}</ref> of a slightly different genre,<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=44|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173311/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|url-status=live}}</ref> which started as a loyalty and rewards program<ref name="sfgate4" /> but later, migrated to targeted-advertising domain, having acquired multiple social-media-centered startups.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RadiumOne Buys Mobile Photo Sharing App Developer Focal Labs|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2011/12/14/radiumone-buys-mobile-photo-sharing-app-developer-focal-labs/|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173313/https://techcrunch.com/2011/12/14/radiumone-buys-mobile-photo-sharing-app-developer-focal-labs/|url-status=live}}</ref> It garnered significant reputation<ref>{{Cite web|title=RadiumOne About To Corner The Market On Social Data Before Competitors Even Know What's Happening|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2011/05/20/radiumone-about-to-corner-the-market-on-social-data-before-competitors-even-know-whats-happening/|access-date=March 5, 2020|website=TechCrunch|language=en-US|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173313/https://techcrunch.com/2011/05/20/radiumone-about-to-corner-the-market-on-social-data-before-competitors-even-know-whats-happening/|url-status=live}}</ref> for its patented ad-technology<ref>{{Cite web|last=McMahan|first=Ty|date=October 18, 2010|title=New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|access-date=March 7, 2020|website=WSJ|language=en-US|archive-date=March 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302161819/https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|url-status=live}}</ref> with Chahal being poised to be a billionaire,<ref name=":10" /> and was valued at about US$500 million at its peak. In 2017 it was purchased by [[RhythmOne]], a public company on the London Stock exchange, for US$22 million.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web|last=Ganguly|first=Payal|date=November 12, 2019|title=Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn|url=https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn|access-date=November 13, 2019|website=TechCircle|language=en-US|archive-date=November 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113042040/https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2010, Chahal founded RadiumOne, another online ad company<ref>{{Cite news|last=McMahan|first=Ty|date=October 18, 2010|title=New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'|work=The Wall Street Journal|url=http://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|access-date=October 21, 2010|archive-date=August 22, 2011|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20110822070954/http://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|url-status=live}}</ref> of a slightly different genre,<ref>{{Cite book|last1=Carson|first1=Mel|url=https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|title=Pioneers of Digital: Success Stories from Leaders in Advertising, Marketing, Search and Social Media|last2=Springer|first2=Paul|date=October 3, 2012|publisher=Kogan Page Publishers|isbn=978-0-7494-6605-3|pages=44|language=en|access-date=September 14, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173311/https://books.google.com/books?id=j2EMaVV1pE8C|url-status=live}}</ref> which started as a loyalty and rewards program<ref name="sfgate4" /> but later migrated to the targeted-advertising domain, having acquired multiple social-media-centered startups.<ref>{{Cite web|title=RadiumOne Buys Mobile Photo Sharing App Developer Focal Labs|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2011/12/14/radiumone-buys-mobile-photo-sharing-app-developer-focal-labs/|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=TechCrunch|date=14 December 2011 |language=en-US|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173313/https://techcrunch.com/2011/12/14/radiumone-buys-mobile-photo-sharing-app-developer-focal-labs/|url-status=live}}</ref> It garnered reputation<ref>{{Cite web|title=RadiumOne About To Corner The Market On Social Data Before Competitors Even Know What's Happening|url=http://social.techcrunch.com/2011/05/20/radiumone-about-to-corner-the-market-on-social-data-before-competitors-even-know-whats-happening/|access-date=March 5, 2020|website=TechCrunch|date=21 May 2011 |language=en-US|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173313/https://techcrunch.com/2011/05/20/radiumone-about-to-corner-the-market-on-social-data-before-competitors-even-know-whats-happening/|url-status=live}}</ref> for its patented ad-technology<ref>{{Cite web|last=McMahan|first=Ty|date=October 18, 2010|title=New Ad Network RadiumOne Aims To Tap Social 'Mega Trend'|url=https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|access-date=March 7, 2020|website=WSJ|language=en-US|archive-date=March 2, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200302161819/https://blogs.wsj.com/venturecapital/2010/10/18/new-ad-network-radiumone-aims-to-tap-social-mega-trend/|url-status=live}}</ref> with Chahal being poised to be a billionaire,<ref name=":10" /> and was valued at about US$500 million at its peak. In 2017 it was purchased by [[RhythmOne]], a public company on the London Stock exchange, for US$22 million.<ref name=":15">{{Cite web|last=Ganguly|first=Payal|date=November 12, 2019|title=Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn|url=https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn|access-date=November 13, 2019|website=TechCircle|language=en-US|archive-date=November 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113042040/https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn|url-status=live}}</ref>
 Chahal was nominated and awarded the E&Y Entrepreneur of the Year Award for RadiumOne in 2013.<ref name=":18" />
 === Gravity4 ===
-In July 2014, Chahal launched Gravity4 (since renamed to DaVinci Marketing Cloud).<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|last1=Crowther|first1=Mel|last2=Thomas|first2=Nick|date=January 31, 2018|title=Name Change Marks Renaissance for Gravity4|url=http://www.mrweb.com/drno/news25671.htm|access-date=June 11, 2016|website=MrWeb|archive-date=June 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180607084512/http://www.mrweb.com/drno/news25671.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> It made a failed bid to buy back RadiumOne and closed in 2017, being unable to integrate the purchased ad-tech startups.<ref name="SFChronicleHuet">{{Cite web|last=Huet|first=Ellen|date=August 13, 2016|title=Gurbaksh Chahal flew high and fell fast|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-flew-high-and-fell-fast-9140090.php|access-date=January 23, 2020|website=San Francisco Chronicle|archive-date=January 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127064807/https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-flew-high-and-fell-fast-9140090.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|date=November 12, 2019|title=Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn|url=https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn|access-date=February 11, 2020|website=Techcircle|language=en-US|archive-date=November 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113042051/https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn/|url-status=live}}</ref> Gravity4's main area of business was gathering useful customer data regarding their user experience to allow marketers to improve their ad targets. This company also started working in the AI sector and launched a marketing cloud for blockchain. The company further launched two main applications named MonaChain and MonaBrowse that aimed to target fraud and ad blockers.<ref name=":22" />
+In July 2014, Chahal launched Gravity4 (since renamed to DaVinci Marketing Cloud).<ref name=":22">{{Cite web|last1=Crowther|first1=Mel|last2=Thomas|first2=Nick|date=January 31, 2018|title=Name Change Marks Renaissance for Gravity4|url=http://www.mrweb.com/drno/news25671.htm|access-date=June 11, 2016|website=MrWeb|archive-date=June 7, 2018|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20180607084512/http://www.mrweb.com/drno/news25671.htm|url-status=live}}</ref> The company attempted but failed bid to buy back RadiumOne and closed in 2017.<ref name="SFChronicleHuet">{{Cite news|last=Huet|first=Ellen|date=August 13, 2016|title=Gurbaksh Chahal flew high and fell fast|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-flew-high-and-fell-fast-9140090.php|access-date=January 23, 2020|website=San Francisco Chronicle|archive-date=January 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127064807/https://www.sfchronicle.com/business/article/Gurbaksh-Chahal-flew-high-and-fell-fast-9140090.php|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":12">{{Cite web|date=November 12, 2019|title=Post RadiumOne, Gurbaksh Chahal seeks success again with RedLotus; in talks to raise $50 mn|url=https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn|access-date=February 11, 2020|website=Techcircle|language=en-US|archive-date=November 13, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191113042051/https://www.techcircle.in/2019/11/12/post-radiumone-gurbaksh-chahal-seeks-success-again-with-redlotus-in-talks-to-raise-50-mn/|url-status=live}}</ref> Gravity4's main area of business was gathering customer data regarding user experiences to allow marketers to improve their ad targets.<ref name=":22" />
+In 2015, an employee of Gravity4 sued Chahal, claiming that Gravity4 never paid him and that he was the subject of abuse and harassment by Chahal.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Carson |first1=Biz |title=New lawsuit claims ad tech CEO Gurbaksh Chahal asked employee to lie about alleged domestic violence incident |url=https://www.businessinsider.in/new-lawsuit-claims-ad-tech-ceo-gurbaksh-chahal-asked-employee-to-lie-about-alleged-domestic-violence-incident/articleshow/48964881.cms |access-date=16 January 2023 |work=[[Business Insider]] |date=15 September 2015 |archive-date=16 January 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230116183004/https://www.businessinsider.in/new-lawsuit-claims-ad-tech-ceo-gurbaksh-chahal-asked-employee-to-lie-about-alleged-domestic-violence-incident/articleshow/48964881.cms |url-status=live }}</ref>
 === TaaraLabs and RedLotus ===
-In 2019, Chahal founded TaaraLabs, an incubator helping build companies that solve problems in the fields of artificial intelligence, IoT, and data sciences. The lab is connected to over 7 billion IoT devices globally.<ref name=":20">{{Cite web|title=Gurbaksh Chahal's Taara Labs is giving a boost to AI start-ups across the world|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/lifestyle/gurbaksh-chahals-taara-labs-is-giving-a-boost-to-ai-start-ups-across-the-world|access-date=2021-07-26|website=www.freepressjournal.in|archive-date=2019-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828144547/https://www.freepressjournal.in/lifestyle/gurbaksh-chahals-taara-labs-is-giving-a-boost-to-ai-start-ups-across-the-world|url-status=live}}</ref> In the same year, he founded RedLotus in [[Hong Kong]], which specializes in AI-based targeted advertising. This service was provided mainly in the form of customer engagement through this AI platform. This company went in for its initial funding of $50 million, intending to use this initial capital for R&D and expansion worldwide.<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":13">{{Cite web|last=Dániel|first=Oláh|title=Az érettségizetlen milliárdos|url=https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20191229_az_erettsegizetlen_milliardos|url-access=subscription|access-date=February 11, 2020|website=mandiner.hu|language=hu|archive-date=February 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213060957/https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20191229_az_erettsegizetlen_milliardos|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2019, Chahal founded TaaraLabs, an incubator helping build companies to address problems in the fields of artificial intelligence, IoT, and data sciences. The lab is connected to over 7 billion IoT devices globally.<ref name=":20">{{Cite web|title=Gurbaksh Chahal's Taara Labs is giving a boost to AI start-ups across the world|url=https://www.freepressjournal.in/lifestyle/gurbaksh-chahals-taara-labs-is-giving-a-boost-to-ai-start-ups-across-the-world|access-date=2021-07-26|website=www.freepressjournal.in|archive-date=2019-08-28|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190828144547/https://www.freepressjournal.in/lifestyle/gurbaksh-chahals-taara-labs-is-giving-a-boost-to-ai-start-ups-across-the-world|url-status=live}}</ref> In the same year, he founded RedLotus in [[Hong Kong]], which specializes in AI-based targeted advertising. This service was provided mainly in the form of customer engagement through this AI platform. This company went in for its initial funding of $50 million, intending to use this initial capital for R&D and expansion worldwide.<ref name=":15" /><ref name=":13">{{Cite web|last=Dániel|first=Oláh|title=Az érettségizetlen milliárdos|url=https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20191229_az_erettsegizetlen_milliardos|url-access=subscription|access-date=February 11, 2020|website=mandiner.hu|date=29 December 2019 |language=hu|archive-date=February 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213060957/https://mandiner.hu/cikk/20191229_az_erettsegizetlen_milliardos|url-status=live}}</ref>
 === ProcureNet ===
@@ Line 63: / Line 68: @@
 === Chahal Foundation ===
-Gurbaksh Chahal has also been Chairman of the Chahal Foundation since August 2012. The Foundation supports the families of [[Hate crime|hate crime victims]], educational scholarship, combat [[child trafficking in India]], and helps in disaster relief efforts in India.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Giving back to society|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/giving-back-to-society-73193|access-date=2021-07-22|website=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)]]|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718060014/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/giving-back-to-society-73193|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Vashist|first=Neha|date=30 May 2021|title=#BigInterview: Gurbaksh and my social media presence amplified our reach, says Rubina Bajwa talking about her charitable foundation - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/thebiginterview-gurbaksh-and-my-social-media-presence-amplified-our-reach-says-rubina-bajwa-talking-about-her-charitable-foundation/articleshow/83087870.cms|access-date=2021-07-22|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727121151/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/thebiginterview-gurbaksh-and-my-social-media-presence-amplified-our-reach-says-rubina-bajwa-talking-about-her-charitable-foundation/articleshow/83087870.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":20" />
+Chahal has been the Chairman of the Chahal Foundation since August 2012. The Foundation supports the families of [[Hate crime|hate crime victims]], educational scholarship, combat [[child trafficking in India]], and helps in disaster relief efforts in India.<ref>{{Cite web|last=|first=|title=Giving back to society|url=https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/giving-back-to-society-73193|access-date=2021-07-22|website=[[The Tribune (Chandigarh)]]|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-18|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718060014/https://www.tribuneindia.com/news/lifestyle/giving-back-to-society-73193|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Vashist|first=Neha|date=30 May 2021|title=#BigInterview: Gurbaksh and my social media presence amplified our reach, says Rubina Bajwa talking about her charitable foundation|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/thebiginterview-gurbaksh-and-my-social-media-presence-amplified-our-reach-says-rubina-bajwa-talking-about-her-charitable-foundation/articleshow/83087870.cms|access-date=2021-07-22|website=[[The Times of India]]|language=en|archive-date=2021-07-27|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210727121151/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/thebiginterview-gurbaksh-and-my-social-media-presence-amplified-our-reach-says-rubina-bajwa-talking-about-her-charitable-foundation/articleshow/83087870.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":20" />
-== Banning by Twitter of BNN news accounts ==
+=== BNN Breaking ===
+In 2022, Chahal founded the now-defunct news website and aggregator [[BNN Breaking]] in Hong Kong.<ref name="busins">{{cite web |last=Hays |first=Kali |date=June 28, 2022 |title=Twitter permanently suspends scores of 'news' accounts under the company BNN founded by Gurbaksh Chahal, former tech CEO convicted of battery |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-bans-bnn-accounts-founded-by-former-tech-ceo-gurbaksh-chahal-2022-6?r=US&IR=T |access-date=January 23, 2024 |website=businessinsider.com |publisher=[[Business Insider]] |archive-date=June 29, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220629031532/https://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-bans-bnn-accounts-founded-by-former-tech-ceo-gurbaksh-chahal-2022-6?r=US&IR=T |url-status=live }}</ref> The website was subject to several controversies regarding the accuracy of its reporting,<ref name="sfgate">{{cite web |last=Regimbal |first=Alec |date=October 18, 2023 |title='Fake news' site publishes more false stories about San Francisco Supervisor Dean Preston |url=https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/bnn-posts-more-false-stories-about-dean-preston-18429261.php |access-date=January 23, 2024 |website=sfgate.com |publisher=[[SFGate]] |archive-date=December 13, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20231213204636/https://www.sfgate.com/politics/article/bnn-posts-more-false-stories-about-dean-preston-18429261.php |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="thejournal">{{cite web |last=O Faolain |first=Aodhan |date=January 15, 2024 |title=Dave Fanning files defamation case over publication of news story wrongly linking him to criminal trial |url=https://www.thejournal.ie/dave-fanning-defamation-case-6272630-Jan2024/ |access-date=February 16, 2024 |website=[[TheJournal.ie]] |archive-date=February 16, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240216081027/https://www.thejournal.ie/dave-fanning-defamation-case-6272630-Jan2024/ |url-status=live }}</ref><ref name="sfstandard">{{cite web |last=Sjostedt |first=David |date=October 18, 2023 |title=Only Elected Democratic Socialist in San Francisco Target of Fake News Site |url=https://sfstandard.com/2023/10/18/supervisor-targeted-fake-news-bnn-gubrakash-chahal/ |access-date=January 23, 2024 |website=sfstandard.com |publisher=[[The San Francisco Standard]] |archive-date=January 23, 2024 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20240123183349/https://sfstandard.com/2023/10/18/supervisor-targeted-fake-news-bnn-gubrakash-chahal/ |url-status=live }}</ref> and all of its accounts were suspended from Twitter in June 2022 for violations of the site's policy on [[spamming|spam]] and [[platform manipulation]].<ref name="busins"/> As of March 2024, Google appeared to no longer show search results for the website.<ref name="GroundUp 12 March 2024">{{cite news |last1=Geffen |first1=Nathan |title=Google moves against notorious spam news website |url=https://groundup.org.za/article/google-appears-to-stop-showing-notorious-fake-news-website/ |access-date=28 March 2024 |work=[[GroundUp (news agency)|GroundUp News]] |date=12 March 2024 |language=en}}</ref> The BNN website was deleted and moved to the website TrimFeed. Trimfeed was closed after ''[[The New York Times]]'' informed Chahal they were doing a report on BNN.<ref name="The New York Times 6 June 2024">{{cite news |last1=Hill |first1=Kashmir |last2=Hsu |first2=Tiffany |title=The Life, Death and Rebirth of an A.I.-Generated News Outlet |url=https://www.nytimes.com/2024/06/06/technology/bnn-breaking-ai-generated-news.html |access-date=6 June 2024 |work=[[The New York Times]] |date=6 June 2024}}</ref>
-In July 2022, [[Twitter]] under its [[Spamming|Spam]] and platform manipulation policy banned all accounts related to the Breaking News Network (BNN), a "news network" founded by Chahal.<ref>Hays, Kali (July 28, 2022) [https://www.businessinsider.com/twitter-bans-bnn-accounts-founded-by-former-tech-ceo-gurbaksh-chahal-2022-6 "Twitter permanently suspends scores of 'news' accounts under the company BNN founded by Gurbaksh Chahal, former tech CEO convicted of battery."] Business Insider. (Retrieved July 2, 2022.)</ref>
 == Honors and philanthropy ==
 [[File:Gurbaksh_Chahal_with_Donald_Trump_at_the_Leaders_in_Management_Award_function,_Pace_University.jpg|thumb|Chahal with [[Donald Trump]] at the 2009 Leaders in Management Award function, [[Pace University]]]]
-In 2010, ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'' named him among the 15 best young entrepreneurs of the year.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web|date=December 2, 2013|title=Best Young Tech Entrepreneurs 2010: GWallet - BusinessWeek|url=http://images.businessweek.com/ss/10/04/0419_best_young_tech_entrepreneurs/4.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224009/http://images.businessweek.com/ss/10/04/0419_best_young_tech_entrepreneurs/4.htm|archive-date=December 2, 2013|access-date=March 18, 2020}}</ref>
+In 2010, ''[[Bloomberg Businessweek]]'' named Chahal among the 15 best young entrepreneurs of the year.<ref name=":17">{{Cite web|date=December 2, 2013|title=Best Young Tech Entrepreneurs 2010: GWallet |work=BusinessWeek|url=http://images.businessweek.com/ss/10/04/0419_best_young_tech_entrepreneurs/4.htm|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20131202224009/http://images.businessweek.com/ss/10/04/0419_best_young_tech_entrepreneurs/4.htm|archive-date=December 2, 2013|access-date=March 18, 2020}}</ref>
-In the same year, Chahal's alma mater [[Evergreen Valley College]] awarded him an honorary degree in Business Administration,<ref>{{Cite news|date=July 2010|title=EVERGREEN VALLEY COLLEGE PRESENTS AN HONORARY DEGREE TO LOCAL SAN JOSE GUY TURNED MILLIONNAIRE|page=3|work=Two Colleges:One Community - Official Newsletter of San Jose . Evergreen Community College District|issue=41}}</ref> and [[Pace University]] conferred the Leaders in Management Award and a Honorary Doctorate in Commercial Sciences; he had earlier established an endowed entrepreneurial scholarship program at the university.<ref name=":20" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Zinko|first=Carolyne|date=April 29, 2010|title=Internet star Chahal getting honorary doctorate|url=https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Internet-star-Chahal-getting-honorary-doctorate-3190862.php|access-date=March 2, 2020|website=SFGate|archive-date=May 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531135208/https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Internet-star-Chahal-getting-honorary-doctorate-3190862.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In the same year, Chahal's alma mater [[Evergreen Valley College]] awarded him an honorary degree in Business Administration,<ref>{{Cite news|date=July 2010|title=Evergreen Valley College Presents an Honorary Degree to Local San Jose Guy Turned Millionaire|page=3|work=Two Colleges:One Community - Official Newsletter of San Jose . Evergreen Community College District|issue=41}}</ref> and [[Pace University]] conferred the Leaders in Management Award and a Honorary Doctorate in Commercial Sciences; he had earlier established an endowed entrepreneurial scholarship program at the university.<ref name=":20" /><ref>{{Cite web|last=Zinko|first=Carolyne|date=April 29, 2010|title=Internet star Chahal getting honorary doctorate|url=https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Internet-star-Chahal-getting-honorary-doctorate-3190862.php|access-date=March 2, 2020|website=SFGate|archive-date=May 31, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190531135208/https://www.sfgate.com/entertainment/article/Internet-star-Chahal-getting-honorary-doctorate-3190862.php|url-status=live}}</ref>
 ''[[Business Insider]]'' included him in their "30 under 30 to watch" list in 2011.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Wilson|first=Matt|title=30 Founders Under 30 Who Are Shaking Up Industries|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/30-founders-under-30-who-are-shaking-up-industries-2011-1|access-date=2021-08-08|website=Business Insider|language=en-US|archive-date=2018-12-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20181204170724/https://www.businessinsider.com/30-founders-under-30-who-are-shaking-up-industries-2011-1|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2012, [[Complex (magazine)|''Complex'']] magazine named him in a list of the 25 richest entrepreneurs under the age of 30.<ref name=":18">{{Cite web|title=The 25 Richest Tech Entrepreneurs Under 3017. Aaron Levie, 27|url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2012/08/the-25-richest-tech-entrepreneurs-under-30/|access-date=January 30, 2020|website=Complex|language=en|archive-date=January 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129181911/https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2012/08/the-25-richest-tech-entrepreneurs-under-30/|url-status=live}}</ref> In the same year, he received the Light of India Amrapali Young Achievers award.<ref>{{cite news|last1=Luce|first1=Jim|date=August 2, 2012|title=Global Indians Illuminate Fifth Avenue at Light of India Awards|language=en|work=[[Huffington Post]]|url=https://www.huffpost.com/entry/light-of-india_b_1729802|access-date=January 31, 2020|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173309/https://www.huffpost.com/entry/light-of-india_b_1729802|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|last1=Vijayakar|first1=R. M.|date=June 27, 2012|title='Light of India' Awards Brings Global Indians Together|language=en|work=India West|url=https://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/global/light-of-india-awards-brings-global-indians-together/article_1cf2fc29-b789-5614-b741-8cd187fda662.html|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131082713/https://www.indiawest.com/entertainment/global/light-of-india-awards-brings-global-indians-together/article_1cf2fc29-b789-5614-b741-8cd187fda662.html|archive-date=January 31, 2020}}</ref> In 2013, he was named as one of the [[Ernst and Young]] entrepreneurs of the year<ref name="businessinsider.com">{{Cite news|last=Carson|first=Biz|date=August 14, 2016|title=The rise and fall of Gurbaksh Chahal: How one tech CEO went from fame, fortune, and Oprah's couch to possible jail time|work=Business Insider|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/gurbaksh-chahal-rise-and-fall-background-history-2015-11|access-date=January 25, 2020|archive-date=May 25, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190525144957/https://www.businessinsider.com/gurbaksh-chahal-rise-and-fall-background-history-2015-11|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":13" /> and was awarded the Technology Entrepreneur of the Decade at Anokhi's Prestige Awards 2013.<ref>{{Cite web|date=2013-05-16|title=ANOKHI'S 10th Anniversary "All-Star" Event Was A Night To Remember!|url=https://www.anokhilife.com/anokhis-10th-anniversary-all-star-event-was-a-night-to-remember/|access-date=2021-08-05|website=ANOKHI LIFE|archive-date=2021-02-04|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210204113437/https://www.anokhilife.com/anokhis-10th-anniversary-all-star-event-was-a-night-to-remember/|url-status=live}}</ref>
@@ Line 79: / Line 84: @@
 The following year, ''Complex'' noted him among the top 10 technology entrepreneurs of the year.<ref>{{Cite web|title=10 Tech Entrepreneurs Who Risked It All and Made It|url=https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2014/07/10-tech-entrepreneurs-who-risked-it-all-and-made-it|access-date=March 2, 2020|website=Complex|language=en|archive-date=February 13, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200213151834/https://www.complex.com/pop-culture/2014/07/10-tech-entrepreneurs-who-risked-it-all-and-made-it/|url-status=live}}</ref> He was recognized as an "Entrepreneur Extraordinaire" in January 2014 by ''Darpan Magazine''.<ref name=":4" /> In 2019, [[Delhi Sikh Gurdwara Management Committee]] honored him for contributions made to the field of entrepreneurship.<ref name=":11">{{Cite web|title=Gurbaksh Chahal honoured by DSGMC, shares the moment with former PM Manmohan Singh|url=https://www.firstpost.com/india/gurbaksh-chahal-honoured-by-dsgmc-shares-the-moment-with-former-pm-manmohan-singh-7426791.html|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=Firstpost|date=30 September 2019|archive-date=January 30, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200130231046/https://www.firstpost.com/india/gurbaksh-chahal-honoured-by-dsgmc-shares-the-moment-with-former-pm-manmohan-singh-7426791.html|url-status=live}}</ref>
-In 2012, after the [[Wisconsin Sikh temple shooting]], he committed US$1 million to found BeProud (since renamed to Chahal Foundation), a [[Foundation (nonprofit)|charitable foundation]] that supports the families of [[hate crime]] victims and combats [[child trafficking in India]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Evans|first=Teri|date=August 21, 2012|title=Serial Entrepreneur Gurbaksh Chahal Commits $1 Million to Stop Hate Crimes|url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/224248|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=Entrepreneur|archive-date=November 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191126082958/https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/224248|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=September 2, 2012|first=Atul|last=Sethi|title=Sikh entrepreneur to launch 'Be Proud' movement to fight hate|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sikh-entrepreneur-to-launch-Be-Proud-movement-to-fight-hate/articleshow/16164261.cms|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=September 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902101505/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sikh-entrepreneur-to-launch-Be-Proud-movement-to-fight-hate/articleshow/16164261.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":13" /> It had liaisoned with [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] to provide employment scopes for rural women in Maharashtra, India.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 9, 2018|title=LDS Charities and Feminine Hygiene|url=http://news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org/many-organizations-including-lds-charities-joined-forces-to-create-feminine-hygiene-kits|access-date=March 7, 2020|website=news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org|language=en|archive-date=September 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918211536/https://news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org/many-organizations-including-lds-charities-joined-forces-to-create-feminine-hygiene-kits|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2012, after the [[Wisconsin Sikh temple shooting]], he committed US$1 million to found BeProud (since renamed to Chahal Foundation), a [[Foundation (nonprofit)|charitable foundation]] that supports the families of [[hate crime]] victims and combats [[child trafficking in India]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Evans|first=Teri|date=August 21, 2012|title=Serial Entrepreneur Gurbaksh Chahal Commits $1 Million to Stop Hate Crimes|url=https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/224248|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=Entrepreneur|archive-date=November 26, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191126082958/https://www.entrepreneur.com/article/224248|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|date=September 2, 2012|first=Atul|last=Sethi|title=Sikh entrepreneur to launch 'Be Proud' movement to fight hate|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sikh-entrepreneur-to-launch-Be-Proud-movement-to-fight-hate/articleshow/16164261.cms|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=September 2, 2012|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20120902101505/http://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/india/Sikh-entrepreneur-to-launch-Be-Proud-movement-to-fight-hate/articleshow/16164261.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref name=":13" /> It had liaised with [[the Church of Jesus Christ of Latter-day Saints]] to provide employment scopes for rural women in Maharashtra, India.<ref>{{Cite web|date=May 9, 2018|title=LDS Charities and Feminine Hygiene|url=http://news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org/many-organizations-including-lds-charities-joined-forces-to-create-feminine-hygiene-kits|access-date=March 7, 2020|website=news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org|language=en|archive-date=September 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200918211536/https://news-in.churchofjesuschrist.org/many-organizations-including-lds-charities-joined-forces-to-create-feminine-hygiene-kits|url-status=live}}</ref>
-In 2020, Chahal donated face masks, test kits, [[personal protective equipment]] and ventilators to hospitals across several countries (including Hong Kong and India) during the [[Coronavirus disease 2019|Coronavirus pandemic]], and extended procurement networks to help governments in mitigating the supply-chain chaos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=港台電視 31 早辰。早晨 - 手語直播節目︰廁紙搶劫案；《早辰一件事》：疫境有情；《早辰保抗力》：維他命C|url=https://www.rthk.hk/tv/dtt31/programme/thismorning/episode/617329|access-date=March 14, 2020|website=www.rthk.hk|language=zh-hant|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173317/https://www.rthk.hk/tv/dtt31/programme/thismorning|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Rubina Bajwa and beau Gurbaksh Chahal team up to help Hong Kong charity prevent spread of Coronavirus - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/rubina-bajwa-and-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-team-up-to-help-hong-kong-charity-prevent-spread-of-coronavirus/articleshow/74084543.cms|access-date=March 14, 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=January 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104043823/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/rubina-bajwa-and-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-team-up-to-help-hong-kong-charity-prevent-spread-of-coronavirus/articleshow/74084543.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=「政府做咗啲咩？」——民間收集口罩助基層 {{!}} 讀者來論|url=https://www.hkcnews.com/article/27053/口罩短缺-27053/「政府做咗啲咩？」——民間收集口罩助基層-|access-date=March 14, 2020|website=眾新聞|language=zh|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630220620/https://www.hkcnews.com/article/27053/%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%BC%BA-27053/%E3%80%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%81%9A%E5%92%97%E5%95%B2%E5%92%A9%EF%BC%9F%E3%80%8D%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E6%B0%91%E9%96%93%E6%94%B6%E9%9B%86%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9%E5%8A%A9%E5%9F%BA%E5%B1%A4-|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title="We are working on delivering test kits, ventilators, and respirators"; Rubina Bajwa and Gurbaksh Chahal's initiative for Covid-19 patients - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/we-are-working-on-delivering-test-kits-ventilators-and-respirators-rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahals-initiative-for-covid-19-patients/articleshow/74844533.cms|access-date=March 29, 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=April 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405030600/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/we-are-working-on-delivering-test-kits-ventilators-and-respirators-rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahals-initiative-for-covid-19-patients/articleshow/74844533.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title="The world needs as much help it can get at this time", says Rubina Bajwa as beau Gurbaksh Chahal extends help for Covid-19 relief - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/the-world-needs-as-much-help-it-can-get-at-this-time-says-rubina-bajwa-as-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-extends-help-for-covid-19-relief/articleshow/75025243.cms|access-date=April 8, 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=April 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412061217/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/the-world-needs-as-much-help-it-can-get-at-this-time-says-rubina-bajwa-as-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-extends-help-for-covid-19-relief/articleshow/75025243.cms|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2020, Chahal donated face masks, test kits, [[personal protective equipment]] and ventilators to hospitals across several countries (including Hong Kong and India) during the [[Coronavirus disease 2019|Coronavirus pandemic]], and extended procurement networks to help governments in mitigating the supply-chain chaos.<ref>{{Cite web|title=港台電視 31 早辰。早晨 - 手語直播節目︰廁紙搶劫案；《早辰一件事》：疫境有情；《早辰保抗力》：維他命C|url=https://www.rthk.hk/tv/dtt31/programme/thismorning/episode/617329|access-date=March 14, 2020|website=www.rthk.hk|language=zh-hant|archive-date=January 3, 2022|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220103173317/https://www.rthk.hk/tv/dtt31/programme/thismorning|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title=Rubina Bajwa and beau Gurbaksh Chahal team up to help Hong Kong charity prevent spread of Coronavirus - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/rubina-bajwa-and-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-team-up-to-help-hong-kong-charity-prevent-spread-of-coronavirus/articleshow/74084543.cms|access-date=March 14, 2020|website=The Times of India|date=11 February 2020 |language=en|archive-date=January 4, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210104043823/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/rubina-bajwa-and-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-team-up-to-help-hong-kong-charity-prevent-spread-of-coronavirus/articleshow/74084543.cms|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=「政府做咗啲咩？」——民間收集口罩助基層 {{!}} 讀者來論|url=https://www.hkcnews.com/article/27053/口罩短缺-27053/「政府做咗啲咩？」——民間收集口罩助基層-|access-date=March 14, 2020|website=眾新聞|language=zh|archive-date=June 30, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210630220620/https://www.hkcnews.com/article/27053/%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9%E7%9F%AD%E7%BC%BA-27053/%E3%80%8C%E6%94%BF%E5%BA%9C%E5%81%9A%E5%92%97%E5%95%B2%E5%92%A9%EF%BC%9F%E3%80%8D%E2%80%94%E2%80%94%E6%B0%91%E9%96%93%E6%94%B6%E9%9B%86%E5%8F%A3%E7%BD%A9%E5%8A%A9%E5%9F%BA%E5%B1%A4-|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title="We are working on delivering test kits, ventilators, and respirators"; Rubina Bajwa and Gurbaksh Chahal's initiative for Covid-19 patients - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/we-are-working-on-delivering-test-kits-ventilators-and-respirators-rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahals-initiative-for-covid-19-patients/articleshow/74844533.cms|access-date=March 29, 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=April 5, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200405030600/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/we-are-working-on-delivering-test-kits-ventilators-and-respirators-rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahals-initiative-for-covid-19-patients/articleshow/74844533.cms|url-status=live|last1=Vashist |first1=Neha }}</ref><ref>{{Cite news|title="The world needs as much help it can get at this time", says Rubina Bajwa as beau Gurbaksh Chahal extends help for Covid-19 relief - Times of India|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/the-world-needs-as-much-help-it-can-get-at-this-time-says-rubina-bajwa-as-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-extends-help-for-covid-19-relief/articleshow/75025243.cms|access-date=April 8, 2020|website=The Times of India|language=en|archive-date=April 12, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200412061217/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/the-world-needs-as-much-help-it-can-get-at-this-time-says-rubina-bajwa-as-beau-gurbaksh-chahal-extends-help-for-covid-19-relief/articleshow/75025243.cms|url-status=live|last1=Vashist |first1=Neha }}</ref>
 == Personal life ==
@@ Line 89: / Line 94: @@
 Chahal has attracted attention for his physique and extravagant lifestyle, including a fleet of luxurious cars and a penthouse apartment.<ref name=":0" /> He was featured in ''[[The Secret Millionaire]]'', where he went undercover in [[San Francisco]] and gave away $110,000 of his wealth.<ref>{{Cite web|date=December 17, 2008|title=BlueLithium founder Gurbaksh Chahal keeps his millions "Secret" for once|url=https://venturebeat.com/2008/12/16/bluelithium-founder-gurbaksh-chahal-keeps-his-millions-secret-for-once/|access-date=February 9, 2020|website=VentureBeat|language=en-US|archive-date=September 22, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200922150725/https://venturebeat.com/2008/12/16/bluelithium-founder-gurbaksh-chahal-keeps-his-millions-secret-for-once/|url-status=live}}</ref> In 2011, ''[[Men's Health]]'' awarded him the seventh spot in the list of the world's fittest and richest men.<ref>{{Cite web|last=Sine|first=Richard|date=April 11, 2011|title=The World's Richest and Fittest Guys|url=https://www.menshealth.com/trending-news/a19540258/worlds-fittest-richest-guys/|access-date=February 12, 2020|website=Men's Health|language=en-US|archive-date=January 29, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200129195051/https://www.menshealth.com/trending-news/a19540258/worlds-fittest-richest-guys/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-[[File:Chahal_with_U.S._President_Barack_Obama.jpg|thumb|Chahal with [[Barack Obama|Obama]] at a Fundraising Dinner in San Francisco, 2012]]
+[[File:Chahal_with_U.S._President_Barack_Obama.jpg|thumb|Chahal with [[Barack Obama]] at a Fundraising Dinner in San Francisco, 2012]]
-Chahal professed to be a devout Sikh, and was largely inspired by his grandmother.<ref name=":13" /><ref name="Indiatoday">{{Cite web|last=Chitkara|first=Vanita|title=I take my culture wherever I go|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20110905-i-take-my-culture-wherever-i-go-747348-2011-08-24|access-date=March 2, 2020|website=India Today|language=en|archive-date=2019-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829184917/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20110905-i-take-my-culture-wherever-i-go-747348-2011-08-24|url-status=live}}</ref>
+Chahal professed to be a devout Sikh, and was largely inspired by his grandmother.<ref name=":13" /><ref name="Indiatoday">{{Cite web|last=Chitkara|first=Vanita|title=I take my culture wherever I go|url=https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20110905-i-take-my-culture-wherever-i-go-747348-2011-08-24|access-date=March 2, 2020|website=India Today|date=24 August 2011 |language=en|archive-date=2019-08-29|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20190829184917/https://www.indiatoday.in/magazine/supplement/story/20110905-i-take-my-culture-wherever-i-go-747348-2011-08-24|url-status=live}}</ref>
 Chahal was a regular donor to [[Democratic Party (United States)|Democratic Party]] candidates; he was twice invited to the White House during [[Barack Obama]]'s presidency.<ref>{{Cite news|last=Peterson|first=Andrea|date=April 29, 2014|title=DCCC distances itself from tech CEO fired after domestic violence conviction|newspaper=The Washington Post|url=https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2014/04/29/dccc-distances-itself-from-tech-ceo-fired-after-domestic-violence-conviction/|access-date=February 10, 2020|archive-date=October 12, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191012191242/https://www.washingtonpost.com/news/the-switch/wp/2014/04/29/dccc-distances-itself-from-tech-ceo-fired-after-domestic-violence-conviction/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|title=Avtar Chahal meets Obama, First Lady|url=https://www.indiapost.com/avtar-chahal-meets-obama-first-lady/|access-date=February 10, 2020|website=India Post|date=2 January 2013|language=en-US|archive-date=July 18, 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210718051131/https://www.indiapost.com/avtar-chahal-meets-obama-first-lady/|url-status=live}}</ref>
-He is also a motivational speaker,<ref name=":13" /> advocates [[one-dollar salary]] for CEOs,<ref>{{Cite web|last=Chahal|first=Gurbaksh|date=November 13, 2013|title=I'm A CEO With A Paycheck Of $0–And You Should Join Me|url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3021501/im-a-ceo-with-a-paycheck-of-0-and-you-should-join-me|access-date=March 5, 2020|website=Fast Company|language=en-US|archive-date=August 7, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807045227/https://www.fastcompany.com/3021501/im-a-ceo-with-a-paycheck-of-0-and-you-should-join-me|url-status=live}}</ref> and has written an autobiography called ''The Dream''.<ref name=":14" />
+He is also a motivational speaker,<ref name=":13" /> advocates [[one-dollar salary]] for CEOs,<ref>{{Cite web |last=Chahal |first=Gurbaksh |date=November 13, 2013 |title=I'm A CEO With A Paycheck Of $0–And You Should Join Me |url=https://www.fastcompany.com/3021501/im-a-ceo-with-a-paycheck-of-0-and-you-should-join-me |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200807045227/https://www.fastcompany.com/3021501/im-a-ceo-with-a-paycheck-of-0-and-you-should-join-me |archive-date=August 7, 2020 |access-date=March 5, 2020 |website=[[Fast Company]] |language=en-US}}</ref> and has written an autobiography called ''The Dream''.<ref name=":14" />
-Since 2019, Chahal has been in a relationship with [[Punjabi cinema|Punjabi film]] actress [[Rubina Bajwa]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kaur|first=Ranpreet|date=December 10, 2019|title=EXCLUSIVE: Rubina Bajwa CONFIRMS her relationship with Gurbaksh Chahal; Says 'He is the centre of my world'|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/exclusive-rubina-bajwa-confirms-her-relationship-gurbaksh-chahal-says-he-centre-my-world-491048|access-date=January 24, 2020|website=PINKVILLA|language=en|archive-date=December 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211080923/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/exclusive-rubina-bajwa-confirms-her-relationship-gurbaksh-chahal-says-he-centre-my-world-491048|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=24 February 2021|title=Exclusive Interview! Gurbaksh Chahal shares candid confessions on Rubina Bajwa's birthday|language=en|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/exclusive-interview-gurbaksh-chahal-shares-candid-confessions-on-rubina-bajwas-birthday/photostory/81185284.cms|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225205428/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/exclusive-interview-gurbaksh-chahal-shares-candid-confessions-on-rubina-bajwas-birthday/photostory/81185284.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> On October 23, 2021 Chahal and Bajwa became engaged in San Francisco.<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rubina Bajwa And Gurbaksh Chahal's Engagement: The Video Of The Couple Getting Blessings Is Taking Over The Internet; Watch|url=https://www.spotboye.com/pollywood/pollywood-news/rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahal-s-engagement-the-video-of-the-couple-getting-blessings-is-taking-over-the-internet-watch/617a9503f369752aa84dc590|access-date=2021-12-01|website=www.spotboye.com|language=en|archive-date=2021-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201191507/https://www.spotboye.com/pollywood/pollywood-news/rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahal-s-engagement-the-video-of-the-couple-getting-blessings-is-taking-over-the-internet-watch/617a9503f369752aa84dc590|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2019, Chahal started a relationship with [[Punjabi cinema|Punjabi film]] actress [[Rubina Bajwa]].<ref>{{Cite web|last=Kaur|first=Ranpreet|date=December 10, 2019|title=EXCLUSIVE: Rubina Bajwa CONFIRMS her relationship with Gurbaksh Chahal; Says 'He is the centre of my world'|url=https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/exclusive-rubina-bajwa-confirms-her-relationship-gurbaksh-chahal-says-he-centre-my-world-491048|access-date=January 24, 2020|website=PINKVILLA|language=en|archive-date=December 11, 2019|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20191211080923/https://www.pinkvilla.com/entertainment/news/exclusive-rubina-bajwa-confirms-her-relationship-gurbaksh-chahal-says-he-centre-my-world-491048|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{cite news|date=24 February 2021|title=Exclusive Interview! Gurbaksh Chahal shares candid confessions on Rubina Bajwa's birthday|language=en|work=[[The Times of India]]|url=https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/exclusive-interview-gurbaksh-chahal-shares-candid-confessions-on-rubina-bajwas-birthday/photostory/81185284.cms|access-date=21 March 2021|archive-date=25 February 2021|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210225205428/https://timesofindia.indiatimes.com/entertainment/punjabi/movies/news/exclusive-interview-gurbaksh-chahal-shares-candid-confessions-on-rubina-bajwas-birthday/photostory/81185284.cms|url-status=live}}</ref> On October 23, 2021 Chahal and Bajwa became engaged in San Francisco<ref>{{Cite web|title=Rubina Bajwa And Gurbaksh Chahal's Engagement: The Video Of The Couple Getting Blessings Is Taking Over The Internet; Watch|url=https://www.spotboye.com/pollywood/pollywood-news/rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahal-s-engagement-the-video-of-the-couple-getting-blessings-is-taking-over-the-internet-watch/617a9503f369752aa84dc590|access-date=2021-12-01|website=www.spotboye.com|language=en|archive-date=2021-12-01|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20211201191507/https://www.spotboye.com/pollywood/pollywood-news/rubina-bajwa-and-gurbaksh-chahal-s-engagement-the-video-of-the-couple-getting-blessings-is-taking-over-the-internet-watch/617a9503f369752aa84dc590|url-status=live}}</ref> and on 26 October 2022, they got married with a private ceremony in Mexico.<ref>{{cite news |title=Rubina Bajwa marries Gurbaksh Chahal in Anand Karaj ceremony, watch |url=https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/rubina-bajwa-marries-gurbaksh-chahal-in-anand-karaj-ceremony-watch-8232714/ |work=[[The Indian Express]] |date=27 October 2022 |language=en |access-date=15 February 2023 |archive-date=15 February 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230215191336/https://indianexpress.com/article/entertainment/regional/rubina-bajwa-marries-gurbaksh-chahal-in-anand-karaj-ceremony-watch-8232714/ |url-status=live }}</ref>
 === Domestic violence and battery conviction ===
+Chahal was arrested in 2013 and charged with 45 felonies following an attack on his then-girlfriend.<ref>{{cite magazine |last1=Makarechi |first1=Kia |date=April 28, 2014 |title=RadiumOne C.E.O. Finally Fired After Domestic-Violence Case |url=https://www.vanityfair.com/news/business/2014/04/radiumone-ceo-gurbaksh-chahal-fired |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20210803140739/https://www.vanityfair.com/news/business/2014/04/radiumone-ceo-gurbaksh-chahal-fired |archive-date=August 3, 2021 |access-date=September 24, 2022 |magazine=[[Vanity Fair (magazine)|Vanity Fair]]}}</ref> Video footage of the assault, taken by a camera in Chahal's bedroom ceiling, showed Chahal smothering the woman with a pillow and hitting and kicking her 117 times over a half hour period.<ref>{{cite news |last1=Hoge |first1=Patrick |date=April 17, 2014 |title=Ad mogul Gurbaksh "G" Chahal pleads guilty to two misdemeanors, all others dismissed in domestic violence case |url=https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/blog/2014/04/ad-mogul-gurbaksh-g-chahal-pleads-guilty-to-two.html |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220708064802/https://www.bizjournals.com/sanfrancisco/blog/2014/04/ad-mogul-gurbaksh-g-chahal-pleads-guilty-to-two.html |archive-date=July 8, 2022 |access-date=July 31, 2022 |work=[[San Francisco Business Times]]}}</ref><ref name="The Cut">{{cite news |last1=Landsbaum |first1=Claire |title=Gurbaksh Chahal, a Silicon Valley Mogul Videotaped Kicking His Girlfriend 117 Times, Could Finally Go to Jail |url=https://www.thecut.com/2016/08/domestic-abuser-gurbaksh-chahal-could-go-to-jail.html |work=The Cut |date=August 8, 2016 |language=en-us |access-date=September 24, 2022 |archive-date=July 15, 2022 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20220715035630/https://www.thecut.com/2016/08/domestic-abuser-gurbaksh-chahal-could-go-to-jail.html |url-status=live }}</ref>
-In August 2013, the [[San Francisco District Attorney's Office]] (SFDA) charged Chahal with committing acts of domestic violence against his girlfriend.<ref>{{Cite journal|last=Lee|first=Newton|date=2014|editor-last=Lee|editor-first=Newton|title=Personal Total Information Awareness|journal=Facebook Nation|language=en|publisher=Springer|pages=305–345|doi=10.1007/978-1-4939-1740-2_15|isbn=978-1-4939-1740-2}}</ref> Chahal proclaimed his innocence<ref name=":5">{{Cite web|last1=Alexander|first1=Kurtis|last2=Ho|first2=Vivian|date=August 8, 2013|title=Internet mogul pleads not guilty to assault|url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/Internet-mogul-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-4719376.php|access-date=January 23, 2020|website=San Francisco Chronicle|language=en-US|archive-date=March 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318143501/https://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/Internet-mogul-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-4719376.php|url-status=live}}</ref> but nevertheless entered into a [[Nolo contendere|no contest]] plea to one charge of domestic violence battery and one charge of [[Battery (crime)|battery]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web|date=April 18, 2014|title=Internet mogul accused of domestic violence pleads guilty to two misdemeanors|url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/internet-mogul-accused-of-domestic-violence-pleads-guilty-to-two-misdemeanors/|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=The San Francisco Examiner|language=en-US|archive-date=January 31, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131100802/https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/internet-mogul-accused-of-domestic-violence-pleads-guilty-to-two-misdemeanors/|url-status=live}}</ref> He was sentenced to three years' [[probation]], ordered to pay a fine, and compelled to undergo a 52-week domestic violence training course along with 25 hours of [[community service]].<ref name=":1" /> Subsequently, he was fired from his position as CEO of RadiumOne<ref name="Fortune2014">{{Cite web|last=Primack|first=Dan|date=April 25, 2014|title=It's time for RadiumOne's abusive CEO to go|url=http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2014/04/25/its-time-for-radiumone-to-fire-its-abusive-ceo/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140601064812/http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2014/04/25/its-time-for-radiumone-to-fire-its-abusive-ceo/|archive-date=June 1, 2014|access-date=March 1, 2015|website=Fortune|publisher=CNN Money}}</ref><ref name="Nagle">{{Cite news|last=Elder|first=Jeff|date=September 10, 2015|title=Tech Firm Tried to Save IPO Amid CEO Scandal|work=Wall Street Journal|issn=0099-9660|id={{ProQuest|1710603396}}}}</ref> (Chahal alleged that his guilty plea was coerced by the board of RadiumOne).<ref name=":8">{{Cite web|date=July 21, 2014|title=Gurbaksh Chahal, former CEO fired after domestic violence plea, settles dispute with RadiumOne|url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/gurbaksh-chahal-former-ceo-fired-after-domestic-violence-plea-settles-dispute-with-radiumone/|access-date=January 23, 2020|website=The San Francisco Examiner|language=en-US|archive-date=March 18, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318143458/https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/gurbaksh-chahal-former-ceo-fired-after-domestic-violence-plea-settles-dispute-with-radiumone/|url-status=live}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web|last=Weisenthal|first=Joe|title=RADIUMONE CEO: My Board Betrayed Me, Even Though I Made Them A Fortune|url=https://www.businessinsider.com/gurbaksh-chahal-blasts-media-board-2014-4|access-date=January 31, 2020|website=Business Insider|archive-date=January 27, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127155934/https://www.businessinsider.com/gurbaksh-chahal-blasts-media-board-2014-4|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In August 2013, the [[San Francisco District Attorney's Office]] (SFDA) charged Chahal with committing acts of domestic violence against his girlfriend.<ref>{{Cite book|last=Lee|first=Newton|title=Facebook Nation |chapter=Personal Total Information Awareness |date=2014|editor-last=Lee|editor-first=Newton|language=en|publisher=Springer|pages=305–345|doi=10.1007/978-1-4939-1740-2_15|isbn=978-1-4939-1740-2}}</ref> The video of the incident was ruled inadmissible in the case as there had been no warrant for its seizure.<ref name="The Cut"/> Chahal proclaimed his innocence<ref name=":5">{{Cite news |last1=Alexander |first1=Kurtis |last2=Ho |first2=Vivian |date=August 8, 2013 |title=Internet mogul pleads not guilty to assault |url=https://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/Internet-mogul-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-4719376.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318143501/https://www.sfchronicle.com/crime/article/Internet-mogul-pleads-not-guilty-to-assault-4719376.php |archive-date=March 18, 2020 |access-date=January 23, 2020 |website=[[San Francisco Chronicle]] |language=en-US}}</ref> but nevertheless entered into a [[Nolo contendere|no contest]] plea to one charge of domestic violence battery and one charge of [[Battery (crime)|battery]].<ref name=":1">{{Cite web |date=April 18, 2014 |title=Internet mogul accused of domestic violence pleads guilty to two misdemeanors |url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/internet-mogul-accused-of-domestic-violence-pleads-guilty-to-two-misdemeanors/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200131100802/https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/internet-mogul-accused-of-domestic-violence-pleads-guilty-to-two-misdemeanors/ |archive-date=January 31, 2020 |access-date=January 31, 2020 |website=[[The San Francisco Examiner]] |language=en-US}}</ref> He was sentenced to three years' [[probation]], ordered to pay a fine, and compelled to undergo a 52-week domestic violence training course along with 25 hours of [[community service]].<ref name=":1" /> Subsequently, he was fired from his position as CEO of RadiumOne<ref name="Fortune2014">{{Cite web|last=Primack|first=Dan|date=April 25, 2014|title=It's time for RadiumOne's abusive CEO to go|url=http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2014/04/25/its-time-for-radiumone-to-fire-its-abusive-ceo/|url-status=dead|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20140601064812/http://finance.fortune.cnn.com/2014/04/25/its-time-for-radiumone-to-fire-its-abusive-ceo/|archive-date=June 1, 2014|access-date=March 1, 2015|website=Fortune|publisher=CNN Money}}</ref><ref name="Nagle">{{Cite news |last=Elder |first=Jeff |date=September 10, 2015 |title=Tech Firm Tried to Save IPO Amid CEO Scandal |url=https://www.wsj.com/articles/radiumone-worked-to-save-ipo-amid-scandal-1441837667 |work=[[The Wall Street Journal]] |issn=0099-9660 |id={{ProQuest|1710603396}} |access-date=March 2, 2024 |archive-date=March 24, 2023 |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20230324125359/https://www.wsj.com/articles/radiumone-worked-to-save-ipo-amid-scandal-1441837667 |url-status=live }}</ref> (Chahal alleged that his guilty plea was coerced by the board of RadiumOne).<ref name=":8">{{Cite web |date=July 21, 2014 |title=Gurbaksh Chahal, former CEO fired after domestic violence plea, settles dispute with RadiumOne |url=https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/gurbaksh-chahal-former-ceo-fired-after-domestic-violence-plea-settles-dispute-with-radiumone/ |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200318143458/https://www.sfexaminer.com/news/gurbaksh-chahal-former-ceo-fired-after-domestic-violence-plea-settles-dispute-with-radiumone/ |archive-date=March 18, 2020 |access-date=January 23, 2020 |website=[[The San Francisco Examiner]] |language=en-US}}</ref><ref>{{Cite web |last=Weisenthal |first=Joe |title=RADIUMONE CEO: My Board Betrayed Me, Even Though I Made Them A Fortune |url=https://www.businessinsider.com/gurbaksh-chahal-blasts-media-board-2014-4 |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200127155934/https://www.businessinsider.com/gurbaksh-chahal-blasts-media-board-2014-4 |archive-date=January 27, 2020 |access-date=January 31, 2020 |website=[[Business Insider]]}}</ref>
-In 2016, after he committed acts of domestic violence against a second woman, the [[San Francisco County Superior Court]] found Chahal guilty of violating the terms of his September 2014 probation.<ref name="sentencing">{{Cite news|last=Rainey|first=Libby|date=August 12, 2016|title=Tech mogul Gurbaksh Chahal gets 1 year in domestic violence case|work=San Francisco Chroncile|url=http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/SF-judge-to-decide-fate-of-Gurbaksh-Chahal-in-9139376.php|access-date=November 1, 2016|archive-date=November 3, 2016|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103220434/http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/SF-judge-to-decide-fate-of-Gurbaksh-Chahal-in-9139376.php|url-status=live}}</ref> The court sentenced him to one year in jail; he resigned from his position as CEO of Gravity4.<ref name="sentencing" /> The California State Appeals Court upheld the verdict in April 2018<ref name="sfgate.com">{{Cite news|last=Ma|first=Annie|date=April 28, 2018|title=Court upholds ruling against SF tech mogul Chahal in domestic violence case|work=SFGate|url=https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Court-upholds-ruling-against-SF-tech-mogul-Chahal-12870668.php|access-date=January 25, 2020|archive-date=March 4, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304011417/https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Court-upholds-ruling-against-SF-tech-mogul-Chahal-12870668.php|url-status=live}}</ref> and Chahal served six months in [[San Francisco County Jails|San Francisco County Jail]].<ref>{{Cite news|last=Daly|first=Michael|date=September 3, 2018|title=O.J.'s Lawyer and the Woman-Abusing Princeling of Silicon Valley|newspaper=The Daily Beast|url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/ojs-lawyer-and-the-woman-abusing-princeling-of-silicon-valley|via=www.thedailybeast.com|access-date=January 31, 2020|archive-date=November 9, 2020|archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109040829/https://www.thedailybeast.com/ojs-lawyer-and-the-woman-abusing-princeling-of-silicon-valley|url-status=live}}</ref>
+In 2016, after he committed acts of domestic violence against a second woman, the [[San Francisco County Superior Court]] found Chahal guilty of violating the terms of his September 2014 probation.<ref name="sentencing">{{Cite news |last=Rainey |first=Libby |date=August 12, 2016 |title=Tech mogul Gurbaksh Chahal gets 1 year in domestic violence case |url=http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/SF-judge-to-decide-fate-of-Gurbaksh-Chahal-in-9139376.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20161103220434/http://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/SF-judge-to-decide-fate-of-Gurbaksh-Chahal-in-9139376.php |archive-date=November 3, 2016 |access-date=November 1, 2016 |work=[[San Francisco Chronicle]]}}</ref> The court sentenced him to one year in jail; he resigned from his position as CEO of Gravity4.<ref name="sentencing" /> The California State Appeals Court upheld the verdict in April 2018<ref name="sfgate.com">{{Cite news |last=Ma |first=Annie |date=April 28, 2018 |title=Court upholds ruling against SF tech mogul Chahal in domestic violence case |url=https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Court-upholds-ruling-against-SF-tech-mogul-Chahal-12870668.php |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20200304011417/https://www.sfgate.com/crime/article/Court-upholds-ruling-against-SF-tech-mogul-Chahal-12870668.php |archive-date=March 4, 2020 |access-date=January 25, 2020 |work=[[SFGate]]}}</ref> and Chahal served six months in [[San Francisco County Jails|San Francisco County Jail]].<ref>{{Cite news |last=Daly |first=Michael |date=September 3, 2018 |title=O.J.'s Lawyer and the Woman-Abusing Princeling of Silicon Valley |url=https://www.thedailybeast.com/ojs-lawyer-and-the-woman-abusing-princeling-of-silicon-valley |url-status=live |archive-url=https://web.archive.org/web/20201109040829/https://www.thedailybeast.com/ojs-lawyer-and-the-woman-abusing-princeling-of-silicon-valley |archive-date=November 9, 2020 |access-date=January 31, 2020 |newspaper=[[The Daily Beast]] |via=www.thedailybeast.com}}</ref>
 == Publications ==
@@ Line 109: / Line 116: @@
 == References ==
-{{Reflist|colwidth=30em}}
+{{Reflist}}
 == External links ==
@@ Line 129: / Line 136: @@
 [[Category:American technology writers]]
 [[Category:Businesspeople from San Jose, California]]
-[[Category:Businesspeople in advertising]]
+[[Category:American advertising people]]
-[[Category:Businesspeople in information technology]]
+[[Category:American information technology businesspeople]]
 [[Category:Businesspeople in software]]
 [[Category:Indian emigrants to the United States]]
 [[Category:People from Tarn Taran Sahib]]
-[[Category:Punjabi people]]
 [[Category:Writers from San Jose, California]]
 [[Category:American people of Punjabi descent]]
-[[Category:American businesspeople of Indian descent]]
 [[Category:American businesspeople convicted of crimes]]
 [[Category:21st-century American inventors]]