Abro

Abro
ابڑو ابڙو أبرهة

File:Tomb of jam,.jpg Tomb of Jam Nizamuddin II (built 1509) at Makli Hills (UNESCO world's heritage site).
Total population
30,0000
Regions with significant populations
Languages
Sindhi, Siraiki and Balochi
Religion
• Islam
Related ethnic groups
Sindhi, Baloch

The Abro, Abra, Abrah ([' ابڑو '] Error: {{Lang-xx}}: text has malformed markup (help)), (Sindhi 'ابڙو'), (Arabic 'أبرهة'): is a Samma (tribe), found in Balochistan, Sindh and southern Punjab provinces of Pakistan.

Origin

• According to some traditions, are they are descendants of Sam (Shem), the eldest of the three surviving sons of the prophet Nuh (Noah). descendants of Sam, the son of Umar, son of Hashim, son of Abu Lahab, an uncle of the Islamic prophet Muhammad (SAW), Quraishis.

• There are also traditions that the Samma are clan of Muslim Rajputs

Tribal Chiefs

The Chief of the Abro tribe was " Sardar Mir khan Abro" of village Naich Diistrict Larkano Sindh. He got dug the famous Ghar Waah (Canal) from Indus in 1628 A.D which contributed a lot to welfare and economic activity in area.

ابڙو وڏوڙو سوڙو' سمو' سونهن سڀن

تنهن در سڀ اچن كنڌ نه كڍي كڇ ڙڻي

(شاھ عبدالطيف ڀٽائيِ )

He had 2 brothers Jam Muhammad Siddique And Khairuddin. His only son was Allah Wasayo Khan.

OTHER ABRO SUB-TRIBE CHIEFS:

• Khan sahib Sardar Sohrab Khan Sarki(kashmore,jacobabad)
• Khan Bahadur Sardar Ahmed Khan Sadhayo (Chodio Sadhayo, Shikarpur)
• Sardar Habib Khan Mungrani, Shikarpur)
• Sardar Mohammad Bux Khan Kakepoto (Shikarpur)
• Sardar Wahid Bux Khan Bhayo (Jaggan, Shikarpur)
• Sardar Mohammad Panah Khan Odho (Mohammadpur, Jacobabad)
• Sardar Rizwan Ali Khan Kehar (Larkana)
• Arbab Jumoo khan Abro (Badin)
• Sardar Dost Mohammad Khan Hakro (Kamber and Shahdad Kot District)
• Sardar Rahmatullah Jeho (Naudero Larkana)
• Rais Dr Saleem Abro (Usta Mohammad, Jafarabad)

Clans

The major sub-tribes are:

Sarki or Sirki سركي Mungrani منگراني Bhayo بهيو Bhootani بهو تاني Halepota هاليپو ته Jakhro جكهرو Kakepota كاكيپو ته Pechoho پيچوهو Unar انڑ Koreja كوريجو Sameja سميجو Kamario كماريو Nindani ننداني

Sadhayo سدهايو Jeha جيهو Rahuja راهوجو Khuhro كهوڑو Khakhrani کھکھرانی Mirani ميرانی Thebo تھيبو Marfani معرفاني Masore مسور Gadore گدور Korar كورار Ghotio گهوٹيو Agham اگهم

Kehar كيهر Junejo جونیجو Sario سيريو Sahrangani سهرنگانيي Shairani شيراني Seelro سيلرو Phulpoto Markhiani Kodnani Detho etc.

History

Samma Rule

Family Tree of Samma Kings

The period of Samma rule in Sindh is considered a period of literary and cultural heights. Two centuries later, the famous Sufi poet Shah Latif was still singing their praises in `Sur Bilawal': ``When Alauddin came astride his furious elephants, Jam Abro tied his shield and the whole field shone with sabres. The Samma came to the rescue of damsels in distress - and then all was well.

In the ancient Abro tradition, Saam (protection) was in vogue. The following contemporary evidence exists. Abro, the protector of Soomra womenfolk in Dastan Dodo-. Chanesar, says:

Sultan Alaudin marched with a huge force,

None could dare to face him, who would bear his strokes?
To save Soomra womens' honour, saddled his camel brave Abro.

To redress and protect the helpless ones, he rose,
No tax would be paid by those, who his guidance chose.

Others gave up their proteges but not the mountain king,
Protector of strangers, how could he give up those known to him?
This brave leader saved many a supplicants, who came to his door.

Abro is the greatest refuge of all supplicants,
He gave up all rest, to attend to the call of complainants,
He is the care-taker of the suppressed, and the weak.

Abro amidst all other leaders, a forest's shady tree resembles,
The plains where this skilled one went, none before traversed.
Compassionate and generous Abro, is the best of all leaders,

Many come to him, this king of Katch avoids them not.

Abro Chief

The Family tree

                                  RAI PUNSAI
                                      |
Abro-Chachar—Tawari—Rahar—Bohar—Chanar—Manjhu—Chaddar—Maken—Kharal

                                  RAI ABRO
                                      |
Sadhayo-Kakepoto-Mungrani—Markiani—Junejo—Khakrani—Jakhro—Marfani—Kamario—Jeho—Detho—Kehar

Notable people

• Jam Nizamuddin II: (866–914AH, 1461–1508AD) was the most famous Sultan of the Samma Dynasty.
• Sardar Darya Khan:(926 A.H) (1519 A.D.) was the commander of Samma army who camand the Battles against the Airguns of Kandahar.
• Jam Sabar Abro:(1296A.H—1300A.D) Samma chief the protector of Soomra families, ,For those who seek shelter, with him are safe and secure and killed Alauddin's son Syed Ghazi Salar.
• Sardar Ibrahim Khan Mungrani: Famous Chief of Abro Tribe who got Shahadat in the War with Nadir Shah of Iran (1739) his tomb situated near the city of Bhag as "Dargah Brhim Khan".
• Sardar Haider Khan Mungrani: He was the only Chief Sardar of Balochistan who denied the title from the Britishers. It has had been the practice of the Chieftains to seek title from the invaders. Through which they exploited and slaved the people of the land at the mercy and will of the aliens. But he took a stand not to receive a title and put his people under the foreign Yoke maitioned by Charles Napier in his biography.
• Sardar Nawab Khan Mungarni: (1885AD - 1935AD) He was ideologically like his elders (anti establishment) but non political.However He had very and cardial personal relations with "Maulana Ubaidullah Sindhi", "Mahatama Gandhi","Maulana Mohd. Ali Johar", "Mirza Qaleech Baig". He was sent to Andaman Island Kalapani in 1931 - 1933.
• Badar uddin Abro: Ex-Taluka Nazim Warah, A well known Personality of Larkana Distt:
• Siraj Uddin Abro: Chairman, Dist: Zakat & Ushar Committiee, Qambar Shehdadkot.
• Imran Ahmed Khan Abro: Oxford University.
• Sardar Ayub Khan Mungrani: (1905AD - 1984AD) He was recognised by the Tribal Chiefs as the "Custodian of the Jirgas".
• Arbab Khan Mungrani: (1922AD - 1985AD)He is known as one of the pioneers of mechanised agriculture in Upper Sindh and Baluchistan.
• Hafiz-ul-milat Hafiz Muhammad Siddique Of Bhar Chandi:Famous Religious scholar and Saint.
• Allama Ali Khan Abro: Notable Religious Scholar .
• Jamal Abro: Famous Writer and Intellectual.
• Professor Dr Elyas Abro: Ex vice chancellor University of Sindh.
• Dr.Ahad Abro:(Hila-e-Pakistan) Ex Vice chancellor Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro.
• Professor Dr.Rafique Ahmed Abro: Ex Pro- Vice chancellor Mehran University of Engineering and Technology, Jamshoro.
• Professor Sabah Abro: Lawrence Technological University Southfield, Michigan United States.
• Capt. Abdul Rashid Abro: Chairman of the Standing Committee on Ports and Shipping of the FPCCI, former Vice-Chairman, Pakistan Ship Agents' Association and CEO of Transport Service International (Pvt) Ltd,.
• Tariq Alam Abro: Writer.
• Khuda Bux Abro: prolific artist, photographer, illustrator, graphics designer, calligrapher.
• Badar Abro:(Hilal-e-Pakistan)writer, Archaeologist and Journalist.
• Abdul Jabbar Abro: Ex Member Provincial Assembly Sindh by Pakistan Peoples Party.
• Hashim Abro: President Pakistan Intellectual Forum Islamabad.
• Mazhar Abro: story writer and novelist.
• Sardar Himmat Ali Khan Kamario: Ex Member Provincial Assembly Sindh.
• Sardar Altaf Ahmad Khan Bhayo: Ex MNA (parliamentary Secretary)
• Najmuddin Abro: Current MPA SINDH.
• Mir Abdul Malik Abro: The pioneer of anti fudel movement in Kachhi and among the founding leaders of the Pakistan Peoples Party in Balochistan, was very strong alie of Zulfikar Ali Bhutto.
• Mir Murad Abro(late): Ex caretaker Minister OF Balochistan.
• Mohammad pariyal Abro: Mohammad pariyal abro is a poet, was born in 1 May 1937 darbello kandiaro dist Naushahro Feroze.
• Comrade Taj Mohammad Abro:A famous social, literary, political and judicial leftist activist.
• Mir Abdul Majid Abro: chairman of JAMOTE QUOMI MOVEMEMT PAKISTAN.

See also

• Samma (tribe)
• Jamot
• Samma Dynasty
• Kalhora Empire
• Jam Nizamuddin II
• Mian Adam Shah Kalhoro
• Main Noor Mohammad Kalhoro
• Family Tree of Abro Tribe

References

• Dastan e Dodo Chanesar
• Sur Bilawal : Section I Have Faith In The Saying
• Origon of Jamot Tribes
• This article includes content derived from "History of Sind - translated from Persian books" by Mirza Kalichbeg Fredunbeg (1853-1929), published in Karachi in 1902 and now in the public domain.