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* 2010 [[European Prize for Architecture]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aia.org/practicing/awards/AIAB082321|title=Lene Tranberg, Hon. FAIA|publisher=[[American Institute of Architects]] |accessdate=12 October 2012}}</ref>
* 2010 [[European Prize for Architecture]]<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.aia.org/practicing/awards/AIAB082321|title=Lene Tranberg, Hon. FAIA|publisher=[[American Institute of Architects]] |accessdate=12 October 2012}}</ref>
* 2011 [[Crown Prince Couple's Awards|Danish Crown Prince Couple's Culture Prize]]<ref name=bikuben3>{{cite web|url=http://www.bikubenfonden.dk/content/kronprinsparrets-priser-3|title=Kronprinsparrets Priser|publisher=Bikubenfonden|accessdate=28 September 2014 |language=Danish}}</ref>
* 2011 [[Crown Prince Couple's Awards|Danish Crown Prince Couple's Culture Prize]]<ref name=bikuben3>{{cite web|url=http://www.bikubenfonden.dk/content/kronprinsparrets-priser-3|title=Kronprinsparrets Priser|publisher=Bikubenfonden|accessdate=28 September 2014 |language=Danish}}</ref>
* 2011 French Academy of Architecture, Prix Delarue Award
* 2011 [[''The Wall Street Journal'']] Architectural Innovator of the Year Award
* 2011 Dreyer Foundation Grant, Prize of Honor
* [http://www.worldarchitecturenews.com/project/2012/21426/big-bjarke-ingels-group-dialog/beach-and-howe-in-vancouver.html?q=Beach+and+Howe 2012 World Architecture News Awards Winner (for ''Vancouver House'')]
* 2012 [[American Institute of Architects]] Honor Award for [[8 House]], deemed to elevate the quality of architectural practice.<ref name=AIA>[http://www.dac.dk/en/service-sider/news/2012/januar/aia-award-2012-for-bigs-8-house/ "AIA Award 2012 for BIG's 8 House"], ''DAC''. Retrieved 11 October 2012.</ref>
* 2012 [[American Institute of Architects]] Honor Award for [[8 House]], deemed to elevate the quality of architectural practice.<ref name=AIA>[http://www.dac.dk/en/service-sider/news/2012/januar/aia-award-2012-for-bigs-8-house/ "AIA Award 2012 for BIG's 8 House"], ''DAC''. Retrieved 11 October 2012.</ref>
* 2012 [[American Institute of Architects]] New York Chapter Merit Award (for V''IA'' ([[West 57]])
* 2012 MIPIM AR Future Projects Awards, Special Award (for ''[[Amager Bakke]] Waste-to-Energy Plant'')
* 2013 P/A Progressive Architecture Award (for the ''Kimball Art Center'' proposal in [[Park City, Utah]])
* 2013 Den Danske Lyspris (for ''Gammel Hellerup Gymnasium'')
* 2013 In Situ Prisen (Danske Beton), Honorable Mention (for ''Gammel Hellerup Gymnasium'')
* 2013 Red Dot Award: Product Design, ‘Best of the Best’ Architecture & Urban Design (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2013 International Olympic Committee Award, Gold Medal (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2013 Civic Trust Award, UK (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2013 [[American Institute of Architects]] Honor Award, Regional and Urban Design (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2013 Archdaily Buildings of the Year (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2013 Architizer A+ Awards, Popular Choice Winner: Landscapes and Gardens (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2013 Mies Van Der Rohe Award, Finalist (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2013 Architect Magazine Annual Design Review Award (for ''[[Superkilen]]'')
* 2014 Architizer Firm of the Year Award
* 2014 Architizer A+ Awards Jury Winner (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'' and ''Gammel Hellerup Gymnasium'')
* 2014 Honor Award, [[American Institute of Architects]] (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2014 [[Royal Institute of British Architects]] Awards European National Winner (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2014 European Prize of Architecture Philippe Rotthier (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2014 Archdaily Cultural Building of the Year (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2014 DETAIL Prize (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2014 AIANY Design Awards, Honor Award (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2014 AL Light & Architecture Design Awards (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'' and ''Gammel Hellerup Gymnasium'')
* 2014 Urban Land Institute, 40 Under 40 Award
* 2014 [http://www.re-thinkingthefuture.org/portfolio/vancouver-house-big-architects-and-dialog Re-thinking the Future, First Award (for ''Vancouver House'')]
* 2014 MIPIM AR Future Projects Awards, Highly Commended (for ''Vancouver House'')
* 2014 Den Nordiske Lyspris (for ''Gammel Hellerup Gymnasium'')
* 2014 World Architecture Festival Cultural Category Winner (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2015 [[American Institute of Architects]] National Honor Award for Regional and Urban Design (for ''The DryLine'' resiliency project)
* 2015 [[American Planning Association]] National Planning Excellence Award for Urban Design (for ''The DryLine'' resiliency project)
* 2015 Architizer A+ Master Plan Award (for ''The DryLine'' resiliency project)
* 2015 [http://www.holcimfoundation.org/Awards/global-holcim-awards-2015/winner Global Holcim Award for Sustainable Construction, Bronze (for ''The DryLine'' resiliency project)]
* 2015 MIPIM AR Future Award, Big Urban Projects (for ''The DryLine'' resiliency project)
* 2015 RUM Magazine Award, Best Architecture of the Year (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2015 [[American Institute of Architects]] New York Chapter Design Award, Project Merit Award (for the ''[[Smithsonian Institution]] South Mall Master Plan'')
* 2015 Society for College and University Planning (SCUP), Excellence Honor Award (for the ''[[Smithsonian Institution]] South Mall Master Plan'')
* 2015 [[American Institute of Architects]] National Honor Award for Architecture (for the ''[[Danish Maritime Museum]]'')
* 2015 P/A Progressive Architecture Awards, Citation (for ''VIA'' ([[West 57th]]) and ''[[Amager Bakke]] Waste-to-Energy Plant'')

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Revision as of 16:06, 5 June 2015

Bjarke Ingels
Ingels in 2012
Born (1974-10-02) 2 October 1974 (age 49)
Copenhagen, Denmark
Alma materRoyal Danish Academy of Fine Arts, School of Architecture
OccupationArchitect
PracticeBjarke Ingels Group
BuildingsMountain Dwellings

Bjarke Ingels (born 2 October 1974) is a Danish architect. He heads the architectural practice Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG) which he founded in 2006. In 2009 he co-founded the design consultancy KiBiSi. Known for his innovative and ambitious designs and projects, many of his buildings defy traditional architectural conventions and dimensions, and are often highly photogenic,[1] ranging from representations of mountains to snowflakes. He often incorporates sustainable development ideas and sociological concepts into his designs, but often tries to achieve a balance between the playful and practical approaches to architecture.[2]

Amongst his works are Islands Brygge Harbour Bath, a series of five open-air swimming pools in Copenhagen Harbour (2003) and three major housing projects in Ørestad on the southern outskirts of Copenhagen: VM Houses (2005), multi-family housing in V and M shaped apartment buildings; Mountain Dwellings (2008), an extensive parking facility combined with terraced housing; and 8 House (2010), a large mixed-use housing development.

Since 2009, Ingels has won numerous architectural competitions and has grown in international scope and acclaim. In October 2011, the Wall Street Journal named Ingels the Innovator of the Year for architecture and, in July 2012, cited him as "rapidly becoming one of the design world's rising stars" in light of his extensive international projects. Successes abroad include the Danish pavilion at EXPO 2010 in Shanghai, China, and projects for the New Tamayo Museum, Atizapán de Zaragoza, Mexico (2009), New Tallinn City Hall, Tallinn, Estonia (2009), Shenzhen International Energy Mansion, Shenzhen, China (2009) and the Faroe Islands Education Centre, Torshavn, (2009). His zero-emission 1,000,000 m2 (11,000,000 sq ft) resort and entertainment city project on Zira Island off the coast of Baku, Azerbaijan, which represents the seven mountains of Azerbaijan, has been cited as "one of the world's largest eco-developments." Among his most recent projects is the 170,000 m2 (1,800,000 sq ft) West 57 apartment project on Manhattan; Ingels has moved to New York City to overlook it and his other current North American engagements.

Early life and background

Ingels was born in Copenhagen in 1974 to an engineer father and a dentist mother.[3] Hoping to become a cartoonist, he began to study architecture in 1993 at the Royal Danish Academy of Fine Arts as he thought it would help him to improve his drawing skills. Only after he had been studying for a couple of years did he really take an interest in architecture.[4] He continued his studies at the Escola Tècnica Superior d'Arquitectura in Barcelona, and returned to Copenhagen to receive his diploma in 1999.[5] As a third-year student in Barcelona, he set up his first practice and won his first competition.[6]

Alongside his architectural practice, Ingels has been active as a Visiting Professor at the Rice University School of Architecture, the Harvard Graduate School of Design,[7] the Columbia University Graduate School of Architecture, Planning and Preservation,[8] and mostly recently, the Yale School of Architecture.[9]

Career

VM Houses in Ørestad, Denmark

1998–2005

From 1998 to 2001, Ingels worked for Rem Koolhaas at the Office for Metropolitan Architecture in Rotterdam.[10] In 2001, he returned to Copenhagen to set up the architectural practice PLOT together with Belgian OMA colleague Julien de Smedt. The company received national and international attention for their inventive designs.[11] They were awarded a Golden Lion at the Venice Biennale of Architecture in 2004 for a proposal for a new music house for Stavanger, Norway.[12] JDS Architects and Bjarke Ingels Group completed a 2,500 m2 (27,000 sq ft) series of five open-air swimming pools, Islands Brygge Harbour Bath, on the Copenhagen Harbour front with special facilities for children in 2003.[13] In 2004, JDS Architects and Bjarke Ingels Group completed Maritime Youth House, a sailing club and a youth house with play area at Sundby Harbour, Copenhagen.[14]

The first major achievement for PLOT was the award-winning VM Houses in Ørestad, Copenhagen, in 2005. Inspired by Le Corbusier's Unité d'Habitation concept, they designed two residential blocks, in the shape of the letters V and M (as seen from the sky); the M House with 95 units, was completed in 2004, and the V House, with 114 units, in 2005.[15] The design places strong emphasis on daylight, privacy and views.[16] Rather than looking over the neighboring building, all of the apartments have diagonal views of the surrounding fields. Corridors are short and bright, rather like open bullet holes through the building. There are some 80 different types of apartment in the complex, adaptable to individual needs.[17] The building garnered Ingels and Smedt the Forum AID Award for the best building in Scandinavia in 2006.[18] Ingels lived in the complex until 2008 when he moved into the adjacent Mountain Dwellings.[16]

In 2005, Ingels also completed the Helsingør Psychiatric Hospital in Helsingør, a hospital which is shaped like a snowflake.[19] The hospital, made mainly from aluminium, glass, metal panels, and concrete, has rooms which utilize artificial materials such as plastic paint and linoleum floors to facilitate easy cleaning.[19] Each room of the hospital was specially designed to have a view, with two groups of rooms facing the lake, and one group facing the surrounding hills.[19]

2006–2008

Mountain Dwellings

After PLOT was disbanded at the end of 2005, in January 2006 Ingels founded Bjarke Ingels Group (BIG),[3] which now employs over 60 architects.[11] They began working on the 25 m (82 ft) high Mountain Dwellings on the VM houses site in the Ørestad district of Copenhagen, combining 10,000 m2 (110,000 sq ft) of housing with 20,000 m2 (220,000 sq ft) of parking and parking space, with a mountain theme throughout the building.[20] The apartments scale the diagonally sloping roof of the parking garage, from street level to 11th floor, creating an artificial, south facing 'mountainside' where each apartment has a terrace measuring around 93 m2 (1,000 sq ft).[21] Ingels, who described the building as "alchemistic architecture"[22] has said in regard to the terraces, "The cool thing about a garden is it's yours. If you're on the wooden part, you can suntan in your bikini bottom or go without pants. If, however, you walk out onto the artificial turf, you can see what's going on with your neighbours (and they can see you too).[21] The parking garage contains spots for 480 cars.[23] The space has up to 16 m (52 ft) high ceilings, and the underside of each level of apartments is covered in aluminium painted in a distinctive colour scheme of psychedelic hues which, as a tribute to Danish 1960s and '70s furniture designer Verner Panton, are all exact matches of the colours he used in his designs.[24] The colours move, symbolically, from green for the earth over yellow, orange, dark orange, hot pink, purple to bright blue for the sky.[25] The northern and western facades of the parking garage depict a 3,000 m2 (32,000 sq ft) photorealistic mural of Himalayan peaks.[23] The parking garage is protected from wind and rain by huge shiny aluminium plates, perforated to let in light and allow for natural ventilation. By controlling the size of the holes, the sheeting was transformed into the giant rasterized image of Mount Everest.[20] Completed in October 2008, it received the World Architecture Festival Housing Award (2008), Forum AID Award (2009) and the MIPIM Residential Development Award at Cannes (2009).[12][22] Dwell magazine has stated that the Mountain Dwellings "stand as a beacon for architectural possibility and stylish multifamily living in a dense, design-savvy city."[21]

8 House

With BIG, Ingels has continued the ideology from PLOT and has several major projects both in Denmark and abroad. His third housing project, 8 House, commissioned by Store Frederikslund Holding, Høpfner A/S and Danish Oil Company A/S in 2006 and completed in October 2010, is the largest private development ever undertaken in Denmark and in Scandinavia, combining retail with commercial row houses and apartments.[26][27] It is also Ingels' third housing development in Ørestad, following VM Houses and Mountain Dwellings.[28] The sloping, bow-shaped 10-storey building consists of 61,000 m2 (660,000 sq ft) of three different types of residential housing and 10,000 m2 (110,000 sq ft) of retail premises and offices, providing views over the fields and marches of Kalvebod Faelled to the south. The 476-unit apartment building forms a figure 8 around two courtyards.[3] Noted for its green roof which won it the 2010 Scandinavian Green Roof Award, Ingels explained, "The parts of the green roof that remain were seen by the client as integral to the building as they are visible from the ground. These not only provide the environmental benefits that we all know come from green roofs, but also add to the visual drama and appeal of the sloping roofs and rooftop terrace in between."[29] The building also won the Best Residential Building at the 2011 World Architecture Festival,[30] and the Huffington Post included 8 House as one of the "10 Best Architecture Moments of 2001–2010."[31]

Construction work at the Danish Maritime Museum

In 2007, Ingels exhibited at the Storefront for Art and Architecture in New York City and won a competition to the design the Danish Maritime Museum in Helsingør. The current museum is located on the UNESCO World Heritage Site of nearby Kronborg Castle.[23] The concept of the building is 'invisible' space, a subterranean museum which is still able to incorporate dramatic use of daylight.[32] In launching the $40 million project, BIG had to reinforce an abandoned concrete dry dock on the site, 150 metres (490 ft) long, 25 metres (82 ft) wide and 9 metres (30 ft) deep, building the museum on the periphery of the reinforced dry dock walls which will form the facade of the new museum.[32] [33] The dry dock will also host exhibitions and cultural events throughout the year.[32] The museum's interior is designed to simulate the ambiance of a ship's deck, with a slightly downward slope. The 7,600 m2 (82,000 sq ft) exhibition gallery is to house an extensive collection of paintings, model ships, and historical equipment and memorabilia from the Danish Navy.[23][32] Ingels is collaborating with consulting engineer Rambøll, Alectia for project management, and E. Pihl & Søn and Kossmann.dejong for construction and interior design.[23] Some 11 different foundations are funding the project.[23] Construction began on the museum in September 2010 and it is scheduled for completion by the summer of 2013.[32] In September 2012, the Kronborg and Zig-Zag Bridge components to the building were shipped in from China.[32]

2009–present: an internationally acclaimed architect

Exterior of Denmark's Pavilion at the 2010 World Expo in Shanghai

Ingels designed a pavilion in the shape of a loop for the Danish World Expo 2010 pavilion in Shanghai. The open-air 3,000 m2 (32,000 sq ft) steel pavilion has a spiral bicycle path, accommodating up to 300 cyclists who experience Danish culture and ideas for sustainable urban development.[34] In the centre, amid a pool of 1 million litres (264,172 gallons) of water, is the Copenhagen statue of The Little Mermaid, paying homage to Danish author Hans Christian Andersen.[34] Ingels said of it, "Speaking of sustainability, it is considerably more resource-efficient moving The Little Mermaid to China than moving 1.3 billion Chinese to Copenhagen."[34]

In 2010, Fast Company magazine included Ingels in its list of the 100 most creative people in business, mentioning his design of the Danish pavilion at Shanghai's World Expo and his goal to steer his firm between the naively utopian and the petrifyingly practical.[35] His architectural exploits have become increasingly international, designing hotels in Norway, a masterplan for the redevelopment of a former naval base, a museum overlooking Mexico City, and an oil industry wasteland into a zero-emission resort and entertainment city on Zira Island off the coast of Baku, Azerbaijan,[36] The 1,000,000 m2 (11,000,000 sq ft) resort on Zira Island, which started construction in 2010, represents the seven mountains of Azerbaijan. It has been cited as "one of the world's largest eco-developments."[37] The "mountains" are covered with solar panels and provide for residential and commercial space. The resort will also include a golf course, 300 beach villas and offshore turbines and desalination plants, ensuring it is entirely powered by renewable energy sources.[37] According to Ingels and BIG, "The mountains are conceived not only as metaphors, but engineered as entire ecosystems, a model for future sustainable urban development".[37]

In 2009, Ingels designed the new National Library of Kazakhstan in Astana located to the south of the State Auditorium. It is said to resemble a "giant metallic doughnut".[38] BIG together with MAD designed the Tilting Building in the Huaxi district of Guiyang, China, an innovative leaning tower with six facades.[39] Other projects include the city hall in Tallinn, Estonia, and the Faroe Islands Education Centre in Torshavn, Faroe Islands.[11] Ingels designed the 19,200 m2 (207,000 sq ft) education centre on the harbour in a vortex shape, with a panoramic view of the sea and mountains.[40] Accommodating some 1,200 students and 300 teachers, the facility has a central open rotunda for meetings between staff and pupils.[40] In 2011, Ingels won a competition to design the roof of the Amagerforbrænding industrial building, with 31,000 m2 (330,000 sq ft) of ski slopes of varying skill levels.[41] The roof is put forward as another example of "hedonistic sustainability". Ingels cites the ski slope as "the best example of a city and a building which is both ecologically, economically and socially sustainable".[41] The slope is designed from recycled synthetic granular, reducing the CO2 emissions of the nearby smoke stacks. At night, heat-seeking tracking lights are used to "position lasers on the smoke rings into glowing artworks."[41] Ramboll is assisting in the procurement of a €0.4 billion waste-to-energy facility, of which the roof design is part, aiming to increase energy efficiency by up to 20 percent.[42] The project is scheduled for completion in 2016.[41]

In October 2011, the Wall Street Journal named Ingels the Innovator of the Year for architecture.[43] In July 2012, the paper cited him as "rapidly becoming one of the design world's rising stars" in light of his extensive international projects.[44] In 2012, Ingels moved to New York to supervise work on a pyramid-like apartment building on West Fifty-seventh Street, VIA, also known as W57 or West 57.[3] The project is a collaboration with real estate developer Durst Fetner Residential.[45] Ingels has since become committed to New York based projects, and by mid-2012 the BIG team had a staff of 50 in the New York office, which they use as a base to launch multiple projects in North America,[44][46] including a waterside tower in Vancouver, Canada, which has generated considerable interest.[47] In 2011, he also submitted plans for a competition to design a new pier in St. Petersburg, Florida.[48] In 2012, Ingels also contributed to the exhibition of the Miller Gallery of the Carnegie Mellon University in conjunction with the Canadian Centre for Architecture and other acclaimed designers.[49]

In 2013 Ingels and his team revealed designs for The Lego House, which began construction in 2014 in Billund, Denmark.[50] Speaking on the design, Ingels noted, "We felt that if BIG had been created with the single purpose of of building only one building, it would be to design the house for Lego."[51] Designed as a village of interlocking and overlapping buildings and spaces, the house is conceived with identical proportions to the toy bricks, and can be constructed one-for-one in miniature. This was accompanied by the announcement of plans to design a new master plan for the Smithsonian Institution in Washington, D.C.—a scheme that was revealed that same year. 2013 also saw the opening of the much-lauded Danish Maritime Museum in Elsinore, Denmark, which has since won a number of international architecture prizes including a 2015 American Institute of Architects National Honor Award for Architecture, the 2015 Royal Institute of British Architects European National Award, and the 2014 DETAIL Prize among others.[52]

In 2014 Ingels' design for an integrated flood protection system, the DryLine, was a winner of Rebuild By Design a resiliency project competition created by the United States Department of Housing and Urban Development in the wake of Hurricane Sandy.[53] Also an initiative of New York City's A Stronger, More Resilient New York, the DryLine will stretch Manhattan's shoreline on the Lower East Side from Montgomery St. to East 23rd St; the proposed concept includes a landscaped flood barrier in East River Park, enhanced pedestrian bridges over the FDR drive, and permanent and deployable floodwalls north of East 14th Street.[54] In late 2014, Ingels also revealed designs for the new Smithsonian Institution South Campus Master Plan—a 20-year project that will overhaul the Institution's oldest buildings and is expected cost around $2 billion, which will come from a mix of federal and private funds.[55]

In early 2015 it was revealed that Ingels was working on a new headquarters for Google in Mountain View, California with Thomas Heatherwick, the British designer. The proposal employs glass canopies, stretched over a series of steel pillars of different heights to create a regulated and temperate environment. Underneath, modular floor plates accommodate open-air offices and community spaces, with the ability to add and manipulate areas as needed. Bloomberg Businessweek hailed the design as "The most ambitious project unveiled by Google this year..." in a feature article on the design and its architects.[56] In May of the same year, a new extension designed by Ingels' at his former High School in Hellerup, Denmark, was completed. The arts and sports extension added classrooms and a renovated field to the school outside of Copenhagen. This was a building completed in addition to Ingels' first project for the school, a multipurpose handball court at the center of the complex. Informed by the mathematical formula for a ballistic arch, the curvature of the roof traces the trajectory of a thrown handball—an homage to the architect's former math teacher who initiated the commission.[57]

Other engagements

Model for West 57, New York

In 2009, Ingels became a co-founder of the KiBiSi design group, together with Jens Martin Skibsted and Lars Larsen. With interests in urban mobility, architectural illumination and personal electronics, KiBiSi designs bicycles, furniture, household objects and even aircraft, becoming one of Scandinavia's most influential design groups.[58] KiBiSi designed the furniture for Ingels' Danish Pavilion at EXPO 2010.[59]

Published in 2009, Ingels' first book, Yes Is More: An Archicomic on Architectural Evolution,[60] cataloguing 30 projects from his practice, is presented in the form of a comic book as he believes "That’s the best way to tell stories about architecture."[4] On 24 July 2009, Ingels spoke at TED event in Oxford, UK.[61] He presented the case study “Hedonistic sustainability” in the workshop Manage complexity – with integral solutions to an economy of means at the 3rd International Holcim Forum 2010 in Mexico City and was a member of the Holcim Awards regional jury for Europe in 2011.[62] In May 2010, Ingels spoke at the Pennsylvania Convention Center, in conjunction with the 54th CSI Annual Convention. He discussed "how architecture evolves from the collision of political, economical and social interests" and about the sociology and inspiration behind architecture.[63] Ingels was cast in My Playground, a documentary film by Kaspar Astrup Schröder that explores parkour and freerunning, with much of the action taking place on and around BIG projects.[64]

Published by Taschen in 2015, Hot to Cold: An Odyssey of Architectural Adaptation, is the follow up to Ingels' first book, Yes Is More: An Archicomic on Architectural Evolution. The book explores 60 case studies from the work of Bjarke Ingels Group through a climactic lens in order to examine where and how people live on the planet. Starting in the warmest climate in which BIG works, the Middle East, the book travels to the coldest region where the firm has practiced, Finland, and includes new essays by Ingels (Worldcraft, Engineering Without Engines, & Social Infrastructure). The book was designed by Grammy Award winning designer Stefan Sagmeister, and was accompanied by an exhibition of the same name at the National Building Museum in Washington D.C. The book features well known projects such as VIA (West 57th), Amager Bakke, 8 House, Gammel Hellerup High School, Superkilen, The Lego House and the Danish Maritime Museum amongst others.[65]

Design philosophy

“Historically the field of architecture has been dominated by two opposing extremes. On one side an avant-garde full of crazy ideas. Originating from philosophy, mysticism or a fascination of the formal potential of computer visualizations they are often so detached from reality that they fail to become something other than eccentric curiosities. On the other side there are well-organized corporate consultants that build predictable and boring boxes of high standard. Architecture seems to be entrenched in two equally unfertile fronts: either naively utopian or petrifyingly pragmatic. We believe that there is a third way wedged in the no-mans-land between the diametrical opposites. Or in the small but very fertile overlap between the two. A pragmatic utopian architecture that takes on the creation of socially, economically and environmentally perfect places as a practical objective.”"

—Words of Bjarke Ingels.[66]

In 2009, The Architectural Review said that Ingels and BIG "has abandoned 20th-century Danish modernism to explore the more fertile world of bigness and baroque eccentricity. Judging by the practice's growing body of completed buildings, BIG's ideas sit somewhere between Rem Koolhaas and Norwegian firm Snohetta. Like OMA, ugliness is turned into beauty by twists and folds and, like Snohetta, BIG draws on the Nordic sense of landscape, democracy and metaphor... BIG's world is also an optimistic vision of the future where art, architecture, urbanism and nature magically find a new kind of balance. Yet while the rhetoric is loud, the underlying messages are serious ones about global warming, community life, post-petroleum-age architecture and the youth of the city."[67] The Netherlands Architecture Institute speaks of his "international reputation as a member of a new generation of architects that combine shrewd analysis, playful experimentation, social responsibility and humour."[68]

In an interview in 2010, Ingels provided a number of insights on his design philosophy. He defines architecture as "the art of translating all the immaterial structures of society – social, cultural, economical and political – into physical structures." Architecture should "arise from the world" benefiting from the growing concern for our future triggered by discussion of climate change. In connection with his BIG practice, he explains: "Buildings should respond to the local environment and climate in a sort of conversation to make it habitable for human life" drawing, in particular, on the resources of the local climate which could provide "a way of massively enriching the vocabulary of architecture."[4] Luke Butcher notes that Ingels taps into metamodern sensibility, adopting a metamodern attitude; but he "seems to oscillate between modern positions and postmodern ones, a certain out-of-this-worldness and a definite down-to-earthness, naivety and knowingness, idealism and the practical."[66] Ingels has stated that he thinks of himself as "a midwife that assembles existing ideas in new ways to create surprising mixtures."[69] Ingels is quoted by the Netherlands Architecture Institute as saying, "Architecture isn't just a question of making pretty facades or expressive sculptures, it is really a question on how we want to live our lives."[68] Sustainable development and renewable energy concepts are also important to Ingels, which he refers to as "hedonistic sustainability". He has said that "It's not about what we give up to be sustainable, it's about what we get. And that is a very attractive and marketable concept." [70] He has also been outspoken against "suburban biopsy" in Holmen, Copenhagen, caused by wealthy older people (the grey-gold generation) living in the suburbs and wanting to move into the town to visit the Royal Theatre and the opera.[71]

In 2014, Ingels released a video entitled 'Worldcraft' as part of the Future of StoryTelling summit, which introduced his concept of creating architecture that focuses on turning "surreal dreams into inhabitable space".[72] Citing the power of alternate reality programs and video games, like Minecraft, Ingels' 'worldcraft' is an extension of 'hedonistic sustainability' and further develops ideas established in his first book, Yes Is More. In the video (and essay by the same name in his second book, Hot to Cold: An Odyssey of Architectural Adaptation) Ingels notes: "These fictional worlds empower people with the tools to transform their own environments. This is what architecture ought to be..." "Architecture must become Worldcraft, the craft of making our world, where our knowledge and technology doesn't limit us but rather enables us to turn surreal dreams into inhabitable space. To turn fiction into fact."[73] Examples of the philosophy are evident in Ingels' work, especially in projects like Amager Bakke Waste-to-Energy Plant, VIA (West 57), Zootopia and the Danish Maritime Museum.

Notable projects

  • Islands Brygge Harbour Bath, Copenhagen (completed 2003)
  • Maritime Youth House, Amager, Denmark (completed 2004)
  • VM Houses, Ørestad, Copenhagen (completed 2005)
  • Helsingør Psychiatric Hospital, Elsinore, Denmark (completed 2005)
  • Sjakket, Copenhagen (completed 2007)
  • People's Building, Shanghai, China, which was not completed but acted as inspiration for the Denmark Pavilion at Expo 2010.[74]
  • Mountain Dwellings, Ørestad, Copenhagen (completed 2008)
  • Danish Maritime Museum, Helsingør, Denmark (u/c, completion mid-2013)
  • 8 House, Ørestad, Copenhagen (completed 2010)
  • Danish pavilion, EXPO 2010, Shanghai, China, where the Little Mermaid played a prominent part.[75]
  • Superkilen, an innovative park in the Nørrebro district of Copenhagen (completed 2011).[76]
  • Zira Island masterplan, Baku, Azerbaijan
  • The Battery, Copenhagen
  • New Tamayo Museum, Mexico City (competition win, April 2009)
  • Kaufhauskanal, Hamburg, Germany (competition win, April 2009)[77]
  • New Tallinn City Hall, Tallinn, Estonia (competition win, June 2009)[78]
  • Astana National Library, Astana, Kazakhstan (competition win, August 2009)[79]
  • Shenzhen International Energy Mansion, Shenzhen, China (competition win, September 2009)[80]
  • World Village of Women Sports, Malmö, Sweden (competition win, November 2009).[81]
  • Faroe Islands Education Centre, Torshavn, Faroe Islands (competition win, December 2009)[82]
  • Vancouver House, resdential development currently under construction
  • Amagerforbrænding, Copenhagen, Denmark (competition win 2011)
  • Amager Bakke, incinerator power plant and ski hill scheduled for 2017 completion
  • Lego House, a Lego museum donated to Billund, Denmark currently under construction
  • The Grove at Grand Bay, residential project in Miami, currently under construction
  • Smithsonian Institution South Campus Master Plan (Begun 2013)
  • The DryLine, integrated flood protection system, NYC (Begun 2014)
  • Malaysia Square at Battersea Power Station, public plaza (Begun 2014)
  • Hot to Cold: An Odyssey of Architectural Adaptation, exhibition (2014-15)
  • Google North Bayshore, corporate headquarters (Begun 2015)
  • Gammel Hellerup High School Multipurpose Hall and Arts/Sports Extension (Completed 2015)

Awards

"Yes Is More" exhibition, Copenhagen, 2009

Among Bjarke Ingels' many awards are the following:

Exhibitions

Film

Ingels was cast in My Playground, a documentary film by Kaspar Astrup Schröder that explores parkour and freerunning, with much of the action taking place on and around BIG projects.[93]

Ingels is also part of the documentary film Genre de Vie. The film is about bicycles, cities and personal awareness. It looks at desired space and our own impact to the process of it. The film documents urban life empowered by the simplicity of the bicycle.

Bibliography

  • BIG Architects, Bjarke Ingels Group Projects 2001–2010, Design Media Publishing Ltd, 2011, 232 pages. ISBN 978-9881973863.
  • Bjarke Ingels, Yes is More: An Archicomic on Architectural Evolution (exhibition catalogue), Copenhagen 2009, ISBN 9788799298808[91]

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