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{{For|the co-founder of [[Yelp Inc.]]|Russel Simmons}}
y
{{Infobox person
| name = Russell Simmons
| image = Russell Simmons 2012 Shankbone.JPG
| caption = Simmons at the 2012 [[Tribeca Film Festival]] premiere of ''[[Mansome]]''
|birth_name=Russell Wendell Simmons
| birth_date = {{birth date and age|1957|10|4}}
| birth_place = [[Queens, New York]], United States
| death_date =
| occupation = Co-founder of [[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]] and founder of [[Phat Farm]], Argyleculture, American Classics
| salary =
| networth = {{profit}} [[$]]340 million (2011)<ref name=autogenerated1>{{cite news| url=http://money.cnn.com/2011/04/26/smallbusiness/russell_simmons_small_business/index.htm | work=CNN | first=Tania | last=Padgett | title=Russell Simmons: Getting rich is so simple | date=April 26, 2011}}</ref>
| spouse = [[Kimora Lee]] (1998–2006)
| website = [[Rush Communications]]
}}
'''Russell Wendell Simmons''' (born October 4, 1957) is an American [[business magnate]]. He cofounded the [[hip-hop music]] label [[Def Jam Recordings|Def Jam]]<ref name=Aquino>{{Citation | last = Aquino | first = Joann Natalia | title = Russell Simmons, 'godfather of hip hop,' comes to Seattle: Part of 20-city author tour | newspaper = [[Seattle P-I]] | date = February 20, 2011 | url = http://www.seattlepi.com/ae/books/article/Russell-Simmons-godfather-of-hip-hop-comes-to-1023483.php | accessdate = February 3, 2012}}</ref> and created the clothing fashion lines [[Phat Farm]], Argyleculture, and American Classics. Married to Samantha Simmons of East Providence RI, Simmons has been described as the third richest figure in [[hip hop]], having a net-worth estimate of $340 million in 2011.<ref name=autogenerated1 />

==Early life and education==
Simmons was born and raised in [[Queens]], [[New York]].<ref name="kugel">{{cite news
| title = Russell Simmons Talks to PR.com - "My Religion is Compassion"
| first = Allison
| last = Kugel
| authorlink = Allison Kugel
| url = http://www.pr.com/article/1169
| publisher = PR.com
| date = January 3, 2011
| accessdate = 2011-05-28
| quote =
}}</ref> His father is a public school administrator and his mother is a New York City park administrator. His brothers are painter [[Danny Simmons|Daniel Simmons, Jr.]], and [[Joseph Simmons|Rev Run]] of [[Run-DMC]].

In 1975, after graduating from [[August Martin High School]], Simmons briefly attended the [[City College of New York]] in [[Harlem]] where he met a young DJ/Bboy, Kurt Walker who would influence him to join in on this new phenomenon called Hip Hop.<ref>[http://www.washingtonblade.com/2013/08/29/russell-simmons-athletes-leading-our-cultural-awakening-lgbt-sports-issue-opinion/ "Russell Simmons: Athletes leading our cultural awakening"], ''Washington Blade'', August 29, 2013.</ref><ref>Carrie Golus, [https://books.google.com/books?id=tC4qVYAiBy0C&pg=PA20 ''Russell Simmons: From Def Jam to Super Rich''], USA Today, 2012.</ref><ref>{{cite news| url=http://usatoday30.usatoday.com/money/companies/management/2007-05-13-exec-simmons-usat_N.htm | work=USA Today | first=Mindy | last=Fetterman | title=Today's Entrepreneur: Russell Simmons can't slow down | date=May 23, 2007}}</ref><ref>[http://investing.businessweek.com/research/stocks/private/person.asp?personId=1466913&privcapId=916373 "Executive Profile: Russell Simmons"], Bloomberg Businessweek.</ref><ref>Rachel Kranz, [https://books.google.com/books?id=NCHX6P8ETI0C&pg=PA252&lpg=PA252&dq=russell+simmons+1975+high+school&source=bl&ots=_-Ejg_qA73&sig=Kk2FJsEI_Gm9g302vyMov_8IrIk&hl=en&sa=X&ei=_lVNUuO4HIfa8wS1n4CQDQ&ved=0CFsQ6AEwBw#v=onepage&q=russell%20simmons%201975%20high%20school&f=false "Simmons, Russell"], in ''African-American Business Leaders and Entrepreneurs'', Facts On File, 2004, p. 252.</ref>

In 2014, [[Claremont Lincoln University]] awarded Russell Simmons an Honorary Doctorate Degree in Humane Letters for his work as chairman of the [[Foundation for Ethnic Understanding]] and for promoting mindfulness, compassion and interreligious collaboration in the public sphere.<ref>Wes Woods, [http://www.dailybulletin.com/social-affairs/20140518/russell-simmons-keynote-speaker-for-claremont-lincoln-university "Russell Simmons keynote speaker for Claremont Lincoln University"], ''Inland Valley Daily Bulletin'', May 18, 2014.</ref>

==Career==
[[File:Russell Simmons.jpg|thumb|left|Russell Simmons]]
In 1985 Russell Simmons co-produced and appeared in the film, ''[[Krush Groove]]''.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0089444/fullcredits</ref> He is also interviewed in the 1986 cult documentary ''[[Big Fun In The Big Town]]''.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2323202</ref> Simmons' company, Rush Communications, Inc. includes [[Def Jam]], [[Phat Farm]], a movie production house, television shows such as [[HBO]]'s ''[[Def Comedy Jam]]'', a magazine and an advertising agency.<ref name=Aquino /> Simmons co-founded Def Jam in 1983 with [[Rick Rubin]] who sold his share of the company for $2 billion to [[Universal Music Group]] in 1996. In 2000, he co-founded the Internet start-up [[360 Hip Hop]], which he later sold to [[Black Entertainment Television|BET]].<ref>{{cite book|title=Life and Def: Sex, Drugs, Money, and God|year=2001|publisher=Random House|isbn=0609606077|author=Russell Simmons|author2=Nelson George }}</ref> Simmons was the star of the 2010 reality TV show ''Running Russell Simmons''.<ref>http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1757399</ref> He is majority shareholder of the website Global Grind. {{citation needed|date=September 2013}}







===Publications===
Simmons has authored several books that reflect his experiences in the entertainment business and his personal beliefs. They include:

“Life and Def: Sex, Drugs, Money, + God”, published September 24, 2002

“Russell Simmons Def Poetry Jam on Broadway … and More”, published March 29, 2005

“Do You! 12 Laws to Access the Power in You to Achieve Happiness and Success”, published April 10, 2008.
“Super Rich: Inside and Out”, published November 1, 2011

“Success Through Stillness”, published March 11, 2014

==Personal life==

===Marriage===
Simmons met then-17-year-old model [[Kimora Lee]] in November 1992. They dated for four years and married on December 20, 1998 <ref>[http://www.people.com/people/article/0,,1178541,00.html Russell, Kimora Lee Simmons Split] People.com, 31 March 2006</ref> on the island of [[Saint Barthélemy]]. They have two daughters, Ming Lee (born 2000) and Aoki Lee (born 2002). In March 2006, Simmons announced his divorce from Lee.<ref>{{cite news|title=Simmonses, LeBlancs split|work=Oakland Tribune |date=April 1, 2006|page=1}}</ref>

Simmons lived with his wife and family in a [[Saddle River, New Jersey]] home that covered {{convert|35000|sqft}}.<ref>Reingold, Jennifer. [http://www.fastcompany.com/magazine/76/rushhour.html "Rush Hour]: Russell Simmons, the godfather of hip-hop, has used street smarts and a platinum Rolodex to create a $300 million conglomerate. Now he's flexing his political muscle. Come inside the frenetic world of a modern entrepreneur", ''[[Fast Company (magazine)|Fast Company]]'', November 2003. Accessed December 17, 2013: "Easygoing, profane, and hilarious, Simmons regularly speaks all over the country to everyone from small-town entrepreneurs to Harvard MBAs, is photographed at every social event, takes an intensive yoga class every single day, and somehow makes it home every night to his palatial 35,000-square-foot spread in Saddle River, New Jersey, to see his two daughters, Ming Lee, 3, and Aoki Lee, 11 months."</ref>

===Activism===
Russell Simmons has been vegan since 1999 and advocates [[Ahimsa]] and [[veganism]], citing [[animal rights]] along with the environmental and health benefits.<ref name= Aquino /><ref name="kugel"/><ref>[http://www.youtube.com/watch?v=7Ag5wDXEsX8 "Russell Simmons on his vegan diet, Obama and yoga"] at Youtube.</ref> Simmons is a supporter of [[Farm Sanctuary]], an organization working to end cruelty to farm animals.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://yourlife.usatoday.com/mind-soul/doing-good/kindness/post/2009/11/Thanksgiving-getting-a-remake-courtesy-of-Russell-Simmons/8477/1 | work=USA Today | title=Thanksgiving getting a remake courtesy of Russell Simmons
| date=November 13, 2009}}</ref> [[People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals]] awarded him with the 2001 PETA Humanitarian Award and the 2011 Person of the Year Award.<ref>Cookie Lommell, [https://books.google.com/books?id=4laORCuvf9UC&pg=PA84&lpg=PA84&dq=Russell+Simmons+PETA+humanitarian+award&source=bl&ots=LuJ1kf-RCa&sig=aHrDmyM5nHbUK1f7v0c3AxxARGQ&hl=en&ei=SiTmTtzRL4mzsALri-DvBQ&sa=X&oi=book_result&ct=result&resnum=4&ved=0CDsQ6AEwAw#v=onepage&q=Russell%20Simmons%20PETA%20humanitarian%20award&f=false ''Russell Simmons''] Infobase Publishing 2007.</ref><ref>Calvin Stovall, "[http://www.bet.com/news/music/2011/12/19/russell-simmons-honored-by-peta.html Russell Simmons Honored by PETA"], BET, 19 December 2011.</ref>

Simmons became Chairman of Board of the [[Foundation for Ethnic Understanding]] in 2002.<ref>{{cite news |first= Anthony |last=Ramirez |title=Backstage With Six Rabbis, Six Imams and No ‘Kumbaya’ |publisher=''The New York Times'' |date=April 13, 2008 |url=http://www.nytimes.com/2008/04/13/nyregion/13bias.html |accessdate=June 3, 2013}}</ref> In May 2009, he was appointed Goodwill Ambassador for the [[UN Slavery Memorial]] at the [[United Nations]] to honor the victims of slavery and the [[Atlantic slave trade|transatlantic slave trade]] by UN Secretary-General [[Ban Ki-moon]].<ref>[http://www.un.org/News/Press/docs//2009/sgsm12258.doc.htm "Secretary-General pledges to fill gap in knowledge about causes, effects of transatlantic slave trade"]. United Nations.</ref> In a similar vein, Simmons is a supporter of the [[Somaly Mam Foundation]],<ref>{{cite web|last=|first=|title=Russell Simmons Got A Joyful Hamptons' Social Life, Hosts Somaly Mam Foundation Benefit|url=http://globalgrind.com/entertainment/russell-simmons-cover-social-life-magazine-melissa-george-photos|publisher=Global Grind|accessdate=August 15, 2011}}</ref> and was honored at their 2011 gala dinner.<ref>{{cite web|title=2011 East Coast Gala|url=http://www.somaly.org/events/2011-somaly-mam-foundation-east-coast-gala|publisher=Somaly Mam Foundation|accessdate=19 September 2011}}</ref> Simmons officially endorses the second [[Muslim Jewish Conference]] 2011. Together with Rabbi [[Marc Schneier]] he served as the official [[patron]] of the conference held July 2011 in [[Kiev]], [[Ukraine]]. In 2011, he took part in the [[Occupy Wall Street]] protests, visiting the protestors at [[Zuccotti Park]] often and for many consecutive days.

Simmons is also a long-time supporter for gay rights. He encourages marriage equality.<ref>{{cite news| url=http://voices.washingtonpost.com/postpartisan/2011/03/russell_simmons_gay_marriage_a.html | work=The Washington Post | title=Russell Simmons, gay marriage and Maryland}}</ref> In 2011, when [[Lowe's]] [[All-American Muslim#Sponsorship controversy|withdrew funding]] from the show ''[[All-American Muslim]]'', Simmons promised to pay [[the Learning Channel]] for any revenue lost.<ref>{{cite news|title=Waging a One-Man War on American Muslims|url=http://www.nytimes.com/2011/12/17/us/on-religion-a-one-man-war-on-american-muslims.html?_r=2&src=tp&smid=fb-share|author= Samuel G. Freedman|date=2011-12-16|work=The New York Times}}</ref>

In 2012, Simmons supported Ohio congressman [[Dennis Kucinich]]'s re-election campaign, appearing with the politician at various speaking events. "We can’t afford to lose Dennis, because he is the voice of [[Main Street]] Americans and progressive politics," Simmons said in a statement.<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.toledoblade.com/Politics/2012/03/02/Hip-hop-mogul-Russell-Simmons-to-appear-with-Kucinich.html | work=Toledo Blade | title=Hip hop mogul Russell Simmons to appear with Kucinich}}</ref> In November 2013, he pledged support for New York's mayoral candidate [[Bill de Blasio]] in recognition of his support for animal rights.<ref>[https://twitter.com/UncleRUSH/statuses/396387643237228544 "proud to support @deBlasioNYC to be NYC's next mayor as I know he supports animal rights and will stop abuse of the horses in Central Park"], Monday, November 1, 2013.</ref>

===Beliefs===
In January 2011 he stated in an interview that he is not a [[Buddhist]] as previously reported,<ref>[http://blacknews.com/news/russell_simmons_interview101.shtml Russell Simmons Expounds on the Transition from Materialism to Meditation]</ref> but is a non-religious practitioner of [[Yoga]], where he prays to the [[Ātman (Hinduism)|Ātman]], or the self.<ref name="kugel"/><ref>{{cite news| url=http://www.nytimes.com/2007/04/22/business/yourmoney/22shelf.html | work=The New York Times | title=The Russell Simmons Guide to Success Through Spirituality | first=Harry | last=Hurt III | date=April 22, 2007}}</ref> Simmons practices a method of Yoga known as [[Jivamukti Yoga]],<ref name = MindBodyGreen>[http://www.mindbodygreen.com/0-1852/A-Day-of-Yoga-with-Russell-Simmons-David-Life-Sharon-Gannon.html A Day of Yoga with Russell Simmons, David Life & Sharon Gannon] ''MindBodyGreen'', January 10, 2011.</ref> which encourages vegetarianism and social and environmental activism.

Simmons is a practitioner of [[Transcendental Meditation]] (TM) and a supporter of the [[David Lynch Foundation|David Lynch Foundation for Consciousness-Based Education and World Peace]], which was established to ensure that any child in America who wants to learn and practice TM can do so.<ref>Russel Simmons: [http://www.huffingtonpost.com/russell-simmons/why-i-meditate_b_474689.html "Why I meditate."] ''Huffington Post'', February 24, 2010.</ref><ref>[http://www.davidlynchfoundation.org/video/pressconference.html Press Conference] David Lynch Foundation</ref>

===Other relationships===
Simmons began dating actress [[Shannon Elizabeth]] in early 2014.<ref>[http://www.dailymail.co.uk/tvshowbiz/article-2560946/Vegan-love-New-couple-Shannon-Elizabeth-Russell-Simmons-tuck-animal-friendly-meal-West-Hollywood.html/ "Vegan love! New couple Shannon Elizabeth and Russell Simmons tuck into an animal friendly meal in West Hollywood"] "Daily Mail Online"/ February 17, 2014/</ref>

==References==
{{reflist|30em}}

==Further reading==
*{{cite news
| title = Russell Simmons Talks to PR.com - 'My Religion is Compassion'
| first = Allison
| last = Kugel
| authorlink = Allison Kugel
| url = http://www.pr.com/article/1169
| publisher = PR.com
| date = January 3, 2093

}}

==External links==
{{commons}}
*[http://www.newyorkbusiness-risingstars.com/profile.php?pageNum_profile_detail=32&year=20&pid=1688 Bio and photo of Russell Simmons — Crain's New York Business 40 under 40 — 1992]{{dead link|date=March 2012}}
* [http://www.lemonadestories.com/defjam.html Russell Simmons' Written Portrait Of His Family]
* [http://www.hbo.com/defpoetry/index.html Current information on Def Poetry Jam]{{dead link|date=September 2011}}
* [http://www.salon.com/people/bc/1999/07/06/simmons/ Biography from Salon]
* [http://www.lemonadestories.com/ Russell and his brothers featured in the documentary film, ''Lemonade Stories.'']
* [http://www.cbc.ca/thehour/video.php?id=1320 Russell Simmons Interview on CBC]
* [http://www.soundslam.com/articles/interviews/interviews.php?interviews=in070426_Russel Russell Simmons Interview on Soundslam]
* [http://www.ushmm.org/museum/exhibit/focus/antisemitism/voices/transcript/?content=20071025 ''Voices on Antisemitism'' Interview with Russell Simmons & Marc Schneier] from the US Holocaust Memorial Museum
* [http://www.runathletics.com/ Run Athletics]
*[http://vyou.com/unclerush Russell Simmons on VYou!]

{{Def Jam Recordings}}
{{Def Jam South}}

{{Authority control}}

{{Persondata
| NAME =Simmons, Russell
| ALTERNATIVE NAMES =
| SHORT DESCRIPTION = American businesmsan
| DATE OF BIRTH =October 4, 1957
| PLACE OF BIRTH =[[Queens, New York]], United States
| DATE OF DEATH =
| PLACE OF DEATH =
}}
{{DEFAULTSORT:Simmons, Russell}}
[[Category:1957 births]]
[[Category:Living people]]
[[Category:African-American businesspeople]]
[[Category:African-American fashion designers]]
[[Category:African-American non-fiction writers]]
[[Category:American businesspeople in retailing]]
[[Category:American business writers]]
[[Category:American chief executives]]
[[Category:American computer businesspeople]]
[[Category:American fashion businesspeople]]
[[Category:American health activists]]
[[Category:American music industry executives]]
[[Category:Animal rights advocates]]
[[Category:Businesspeople from New York City]]
[[Category:LGBT rights activists from the United States]]
[[Category:People from Queens, New York]]
[[Category:People from Saddle River, New Jersey]]
[[Category:Television producers from New York]]
[[Category:Transcendental Meditation practitioners]]
[[Category:Writers from New York City]]
[[Category:People with a speech impediment]]

Revision as of 08:55, 24 August 2015

For the co-founder of Yelp Inc., see Russel Simmons.
Russell Simmons
Simmons at the 2012 Tribeca Film Festival premiere of Mansome
Born
Russell Wendell Simmons

(1957-10-04) October 4, 1957 (age 66)
Queens, New York, United States
Occupation(s)Co-founder of Def Jam and founder of Phat Farm, Argyleculture, American Classics
SpouseKimora Lee (1998–2006)
WebsiteRush Communications

Russell Wendell Simmons (born October 4, 1957) is an American business magnate. He cofounded the hip-hop music label Def Jam[2] and created the clothing fashion lines Phat Farm, Argyleculture, and American Classics. Married to Samantha Simmons of East Providence RI, Simmons has been described as the third richest figure in hip hop, having a net-worth estimate of $340 million in 2011.[1]

Early life and education

Simmons was born and raised in Queens, New York.[3] His father is a public school administrator and his mother is a New York City park administrator. His brothers are painter Daniel Simmons, Jr., and Rev Run of Run-DMC.

In 1975, after graduating from August Martin High School, Simmons briefly attended the City College of New York in Harlem where he met a young DJ/Bboy, Kurt Walker who would influence him to join in on this new phenomenon called Hip Hop.[4][5][6][7][8]

In 2014, Claremont Lincoln University awarded Russell Simmons an Honorary Doctorate Degree in Humane Letters for his work as chairman of the Foundation for Ethnic Understanding and for promoting mindfulness, compassion and interreligious collaboration in the public sphere.[9]

Career

Russell Simmons

In 1985 Russell Simmons co-produced and appeared in the film, Krush Groove.[10] He is also interviewed in the 1986 cult documentary Big Fun In The Big Town.[11] Simmons' company, Rush Communications, Inc. includes Def Jam, Phat Farm, a movie production house, television shows such as HBO's Def Comedy Jam, a magazine and an advertising agency.[2] Simmons co-founded Def Jam in 1983 with Rick Rubin who sold his share of the company for $2 billion to Universal Music Group in 1996. In 2000, he co-founded the Internet start-up 360 Hip Hop, which he later sold to BET.[12] Simmons was the star of the 2010 reality TV show Running Russell Simmons.[13] He is majority shareholder of the website Global Grind. [citation needed]




Publications

Simmons has authored several books that reflect his experiences in the entertainment business and his personal beliefs. They include:

“Life and Def: Sex, Drugs, Money, + God”, published September 24, 2002

“Russell Simmons Def Poetry Jam on Broadway … and More”, published March 29, 2005

“Do You! 12 Laws to Access the Power in You to Achieve Happiness and Success”, published April 10, 2008.

“Super Rich: Inside and Out”, published November 1, 2011

“Success Through Stillness”, published March 11, 2014

Personal life

Marriage

Simmons met then-17-year-old model Kimora Lee in November 1992. They dated for four years and married on December 20, 1998 [14] on the island of Saint Barthélemy. They have two daughters, Ming Lee (born 2000) and Aoki Lee (born 2002). In March 2006, Simmons announced his divorce from Lee.[15]

Simmons lived with his wife and family in a Saddle River, New Jersey home that covered 35,000 square feet (3,300 m2).[16]

Activism

Russell Simmons has been vegan since 1999 and advocates Ahimsa and veganism, citing animal rights along with the environmental and health benefits.[2][3][17] Simmons is a supporter of Farm Sanctuary, an organization working to end cruelty to farm animals.[18] People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals awarded him with the 2001 PETA Humanitarian Award and the 2011 Person of the Year Award.[19][20]

Simmons became Chairman of Board of the Foundation for Ethnic Understanding in 2002.[21] In May 2009, he was appointed Goodwill Ambassador for the UN Slavery Memorial at the United Nations to honor the victims of slavery and the transatlantic slave trade by UN Secretary-General Ban Ki-moon.[22] In a similar vein, Simmons is a supporter of the Somaly Mam Foundation,[23] and was honored at their 2011 gala dinner.[24] Simmons officially endorses the second Muslim Jewish Conference 2011. Together with Rabbi Marc Schneier he served as the official patron of the conference held July 2011 in Kiev, Ukraine. In 2011, he took part in the Occupy Wall Street protests, visiting the protestors at Zuccotti Park often and for many consecutive days.

Simmons is also a long-time supporter for gay rights. He encourages marriage equality.[25] In 2011, when Lowe's withdrew funding from the show All-American Muslim, Simmons promised to pay the Learning Channel for any revenue lost.[26]

In 2012, Simmons supported Ohio congressman Dennis Kucinich's re-election campaign, appearing with the politician at various speaking events. "We can’t afford to lose Dennis, because he is the voice of Main Street Americans and progressive politics," Simmons said in a statement.[27] In November 2013, he pledged support for New York's mayoral candidate Bill de Blasio in recognition of his support for animal rights.[28]

Beliefs

In January 2011 he stated in an interview that he is not a Buddhist as previously reported,[29] but is a non-religious practitioner of Yoga, where he prays to the Ātman, or the self.[3][30] Simmons practices a method of Yoga known as Jivamukti Yoga,[31] which encourages vegetarianism and social and environmental activism.

Simmons is a practitioner of Transcendental Meditation (TM) and a supporter of the David Lynch Foundation for Consciousness-Based Education and World Peace, which was established to ensure that any child in America who wants to learn and practice TM can do so.[32][33]

Other relationships

Simmons began dating actress Shannon Elizabeth in early 2014.[34]

References

  1. ^ a b Padgett, Tania (April 26, 2011). "Russell Simmons: Getting rich is so simple". CNN.
  2. ^ a b c Aquino, Joann Natalia (February 20, 2011), "Russell Simmons, 'godfather of hip hop,' comes to Seattle: Part of 20-city author tour", Seattle P-I, retrieved February 3, 2012
  3. ^ a b c Kugel, Allison (January 3, 2011). "Russell Simmons Talks to PR.com - "My Religion is Compassion"". PR.com. Retrieved 2011-05-28.
  4. ^ "Russell Simmons: Athletes leading our cultural awakening", Washington Blade, August 29, 2013.
  5. ^ Carrie Golus, Russell Simmons: From Def Jam to Super Rich, USA Today, 2012.
  6. ^ Fetterman, Mindy (May 23, 2007). "Today's Entrepreneur: Russell Simmons can't slow down". USA Today.
  7. ^ "Executive Profile: Russell Simmons", Bloomberg Businessweek.
  8. ^ Rachel Kranz, "Simmons, Russell", in African-American Business Leaders and Entrepreneurs, Facts On File, 2004, p. 252.
  9. ^ Wes Woods, "Russell Simmons keynote speaker for Claremont Lincoln University", Inland Valley Daily Bulletin, May 18, 2014.
  10. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt0089444/fullcredits
  11. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt2323202
  12. ^ Russell Simmons; Nelson George (2001). Life and Def: Sex, Drugs, Money, and God. Random House. ISBN 0609606077.
  13. ^ http://www.imdb.com/title/tt1757399
  14. ^ Russell, Kimora Lee Simmons Split People.com, 31 March 2006
  15. ^ "Simmonses, LeBlancs split". Oakland Tribune. April 1, 2006. p. 1.
  16. ^ Reingold, Jennifer. "Rush Hour: Russell Simmons, the godfather of hip-hop, has used street smarts and a platinum Rolodex to create a $300 million conglomerate. Now he's flexing his political muscle. Come inside the frenetic world of a modern entrepreneur", Fast Company, November 2003. Accessed December 17, 2013: "Easygoing, profane, and hilarious, Simmons regularly speaks all over the country to everyone from small-town entrepreneurs to Harvard MBAs, is photographed at every social event, takes an intensive yoga class every single day, and somehow makes it home every night to his palatial 35,000-square-foot spread in Saddle River, New Jersey, to see his two daughters, Ming Lee, 3, and Aoki Lee, 11 months."
  17. ^ "Russell Simmons on his vegan diet, Obama and yoga" at Youtube.
  18. ^ "Thanksgiving getting a remake courtesy of Russell Simmons". USA Today. November 13, 2009.
  19. ^ Cookie Lommell, Russell Simmons Infobase Publishing 2007.
  20. ^ Calvin Stovall, "Russell Simmons Honored by PETA", BET, 19 December 2011.
  21. ^ Ramirez, Anthony (April 13, 2008). "Backstage With Six Rabbis, Six Imams and No 'Kumbaya'". The New York Times. Retrieved June 3, 2013. {{cite news}}: Italic or bold markup not allowed in: |publisher= (help)
  22. ^ "Secretary-General pledges to fill gap in knowledge about causes, effects of transatlantic slave trade". United Nations.
  23. ^ "Russell Simmons Got A Joyful Hamptons' Social Life, Hosts Somaly Mam Foundation Benefit". Global Grind. Retrieved August 15, 2011.
  24. ^ "2011 East Coast Gala". Somaly Mam Foundation. Retrieved 19 September 2011.
  25. ^ "Russell Simmons, gay marriage and Maryland". The Washington Post.
  26. ^ Samuel G. Freedman (2011-12-16). "Waging a One-Man War on American Muslims". The New York Times.
  27. ^ "Hip hop mogul Russell Simmons to appear with Kucinich". Toledo Blade.
  28. ^ "proud to support @deBlasioNYC to be NYC's next mayor as I know he supports animal rights and will stop abuse of the horses in Central Park", Monday, November 1, 2013.
  29. ^ Russell Simmons Expounds on the Transition from Materialism to Meditation
  30. ^ Hurt III, Harry (April 22, 2007). "The Russell Simmons Guide to Success Through Spirituality". The New York Times.
  31. ^ A Day of Yoga with Russell Simmons, David Life & Sharon Gannon MindBodyGreen, January 10, 2011.
  32. ^ Russel Simmons: "Why I meditate." Huffington Post, February 24, 2010.
  33. ^ Press Conference David Lynch Foundation
  34. ^ "Vegan love! New couple Shannon Elizabeth and Russell Simmons tuck into an animal friendly meal in West Hollywood" "Daily Mail Online"/ February 17, 2014/

Further reading

Wikimedia Commons has media related to Russell Simmons.

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