List of large volcanic eruptions: Difference between revisions
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||{{Flagicon|Chile}} [[Puyehue-Cordon Caulle]]||[[Andean Volcanic Belt]]||data-sort-value="20110604"|2011-06-04 |
||{{Flagicon|Chile}} [[Puyehue-Cordon Caulle]]||[[Andean Volcanic Belt]]||data-sort-value="20110604"|2011-06-04 AD||0.000004|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||data-sort-value="19910615"|1991-06-15 |
||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||data-sort-value="19910615"|1991-06-15 AD||0.000024|| |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount St. Helens]]||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||data-sort-value="19800518"|1980-05-18 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount St. Helens]]||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||data-sort-value="19800518"|1980-05-18 AD||0.000035|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Novarupta]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||data-sort-value="19120606"|1912-06-06 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Novarupta]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||data-sort-value="19120606"|1912-06-06 AD||0.000103|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Guatemala}} [[Santa María (volcano)|Santa María]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||1902-10-24 |
||{{Flagicon|Guatemala}} [[Santa María (volcano)|Santa María]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||1902-10-24 AD||0.000113|| |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Mount Tarawera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||1886-06-10 |
||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Mount Tarawera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||1886-06-10 AD||0.000129|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Krakatoa]]||[[Sunda Arc]]||1883-08-26 |
||{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Krakatoa]]||[[Sunda Arc]]||1883-08-26 AD||0.000132|| |
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||{{Flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Cosigüina]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||1835-01-20 |
||{{Flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Cosigüina]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||1835-01-20 AD||0.000180|| |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
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||{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Mount Tambora]]||[[Lesser Sunda Islands]]||1815-04-10 |
||{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} [[Mount Tambora]]||[[Lesser Sunda Islands]]||1815-04-10 AD||0.000200|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6? |
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|| Source unknown || [[1808/1809 mystery eruption|Source unknown]] || 1809 |
|| Source unknown || [[1808/1809 mystery eruption|Source unknown]] || 1809 AD ||0.000206|| Undocumented 1809 eruption<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.sciencedaily.com/releases/2009/12/091205105844.htm |title=Undocumented volcano contributed to extremely cold decade from 1810-1819 |publisher=Sciencedaily.com |date=2009-12-07 |accessdate=2012-11-18}}</ref> |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Iceland}} [[Grímsvötn]]||[[Iceland]]||1783-85 |
||{{Flagicon|Iceland}} [[Grímsvötn]]||[[Iceland]]||1783-85 AD||0.000232||Skaftáreldar at [[Laki]] |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Long Island (Papua New Guinea)]]{{citation needed|date=April 2012}}||Bismarck Volcanic Arc||1660 |
||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Long Island (Papua New Guinea)]]{{citation needed|date=April 2012}}||Bismarck Volcanic Arc||1660 AD||0.000355|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Greece}} [[Kolumbo (volcano)|Kolumbo]], [[Santorini]]||South Aegean Volcanic Arc||1650-09-27 |
||{{Flagicon|Greece}} [[Kolumbo (volcano)|Kolumbo]], [[Santorini]]||South Aegean Volcanic Arc||1650-09-27||0.000365|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Peru}} [[Huaynaputina]]||[[Andes]], [[Central Volcanic Zone]]||1600-02-19 |
||{{Flagicon|Peru}} [[Huaynaputina]]||[[Andes]], [[Central Volcanic Zone]]||1600-02-19 AD||0.000415|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Billy Mitchell (volcano)|Billy Mitchell]]||[[Bougainville Island|Bougainville]] & [[Solomon Islands|Solomon Is.]]||1580 |
||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Billy Mitchell (volcano)|Billy Mitchell]]||[[Bougainville Island|Bougainville]] & [[Solomon Islands|Solomon Is.]]||1580 AD||0.000435|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Iceland}} [[Bárðarbunga]]||[[Iceland]]||1477 |
||{{Flagicon|Iceland}} [[Bárðarbunga]]||[[Iceland]]||1477 AD||0.000538|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Vanuatu}} [[Kuwae]]||[[Vanuatu]]||1452-53 |
||{{Flagicon|Vanuatu}} [[Kuwae]]||[[Vanuatu]]||1452-53 AD||0.000563|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Ecuador}} [[Quilotoa]]||[[Andes]], [[Northern Volcanic Zone]]||1280 |
||{{Flagicon|Ecuador}} [[Quilotoa]]||[[Andes]], [[Northern Volcanic Zone]]||1280 AD||0.000735|| |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
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||{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} Mt.[[Rinjani]]||[[Lombok Island]]||1258||0.000757||May have triggered the [[Little Ice Age]] <ref>{{cite web|author=Space |url=http://www.wired.com/2013/09/samalas-in-indonesia-identified-source-of-the-1258-a-d-missing-eruption/ |title=Samalas in Indonesia Identified as Source of the 1257 |
||{{Flagicon|Indonesia}} Mt.[[Rinjani]]||[[Lombok Island]]||1258||0.000757||May have triggered the [[Little Ice Age]] <ref>{{cite web|author=Space |url=http://www.wired.com/2013/09/samalas-in-indonesia-identified-source-of-the-1258-a-d-missing-eruption/ |title=Samalas in Indonesia Identified as Source of the 1257 A.D. 'Missing' Eruption |publisher=WIRED |date=2013-09-30 |accessdate=2015-12-16}}</ref> |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
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||{{Flagicon|China}}/{{Flagicon|North Korea}} [[Baekdu Mountain]]||[[Balhae]] (China – [[North Korea]] border)||969 |
||{{Flagicon|China}}/{{Flagicon|North Korea}} [[Baekdu Mountain]]||[[Balhae]] (China – [[North Korea]] border)||969 AD||0.001046||[[Tianchi eruption]] |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Iceland}} [[Katla volcano|Katla]]||[[Iceland]]||934-940 |
||{{Flagicon|Iceland}} [[Katla volcano|Katla]]||[[Iceland]]||934-940 AD||0.001075||[[Eldgjá]] eruption |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Mexico}} [[Ceboruco (volcano)|Ceboruco]]||[[Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt]]||930 |
||{{Flagicon|Mexico}} [[Ceboruco (volcano)|Ceboruco]]||[[Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt]]||930 AD||0.001085|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Dakataua (volcano)|Dakataua]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||800 |
||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Dakataua (volcano)|Dakataua]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||800 AD||0.001215|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Pago (volcano)|Pago]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||710 |
||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Pago (volcano)|Pago]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||710 AD||0.001305|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Churchill]]||eastern Alaska, USA||700 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Churchill]]||eastern Alaska, USA||700 AD||0.001315|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Rabaul caldera]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||540 |
||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Rabaul caldera]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||540 AD||0.001475|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|El Salvador}} [[Lake Ilopango]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||450 |
||{{Flagicon|El Salvador}} [[Lake Ilopango]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||450 AD||0.001565|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Ksudach]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||240 |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Ksudach]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||240 AD||0.001775|| |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
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||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||230 |
||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||230 AD||0.001785||[[Hatepe eruption]] |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||{{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Mount Vesuvius]]||[[Campanian volcanic arc]]||79 |
||{{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Mount Vesuvius]]||[[Campanian volcanic arc]]||79 AD||0.001936||[[Eruption of Mount Vesuvius in AD 79|Pompeii eruption]] |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Churchill]]||eastern Alaska, USA||60 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Churchill]]||eastern Alaska, USA||60 AD||0.001955|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Vanuatu}} [[Ambrym]]||[[Vanuatu]]||50 |
||{{Flagicon|Vanuatu}} [[Ambrym]]||[[Vanuatu]]||50 AD||0.001965|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Apoyeque]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||50 |
||{{Flagicon|Nicaragua}} [[Apoyeque]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||50 BC||0.002064|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Okmok]]||[[Aleutian Islands]]||100 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Okmok]]||[[Aleutian Islands]]||100 BC||0.002114|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Raoul Island]]||[[Kermadec Islands]]||250 |
||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Raoul Island]]||[[Kermadec Islands]]||250 BC||0.002264|| |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Mount Meager]]||[[Garibaldi Volcanic Belt]]||400 |
||{{Flagicon|Canada}} [[Mount Meager]]||[[Garibaldi Volcanic Belt]]||400 BC||0.002414||[[Bridge River Ash]] |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Mount Tongariro]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||550 |
||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Mount Tongariro]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||550 BC||0.002564|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||1050 |
||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||1050 BC||0.003064|| |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||1350 |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||1350 BC||0.003364||tephra layer IIAV3 |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Pago (volcano)|Pago]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||1370 |
||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Pago (volcano)|Pago]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||1370 BC||0.003384|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||1460 |
||{{Flagicon|New Zealand}} [[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||1460 BC||0.003474|| |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||1500 |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||1500 BC||0.003514|| |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
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||{{Flagicon|Greece}} Youngest Caldera, [[Santorini]]||[[South Aegean Volcanic Arc]]||1610 |
||{{Flagicon|Greece}} Youngest Caldera, [[Santorini]]||[[South Aegean Volcanic Arc]]||1610 BC||0.003624||[[Minoan eruption]] |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Aniakchak]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||1645 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Aniakchak]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||1645 BC||0.003659|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Veniaminof]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||1750 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount Veniaminof]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||1750 BC||0.003764|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount St. Helens]]||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||1860 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Mount St. Helens]]||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||1860 BC||0.003874|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Chile}} [[Mount Hudson]]||[[Andes]], [[Southern Volcanic Zone]]||1890 |
||{{Flagicon|Chile}} [[Mount Hudson]]||[[Andes]], [[Southern Volcanic Zone]]||1890 BC||0.003904|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Black Peak (Alaska)|Black Peak]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||1900 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Black Peak (Alaska)|Black Peak]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||1900 BC||0.003914|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Long Island (Papua New Guinea)]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||2040 |
||{{Flagicon|Papua New Guinea}} [[Long Island (Papua New Guinea)]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||2040 BC||0.004054|| |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
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||{{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Cerro Blanco (volcano)|Cerro Blanco (Argentina)]]||[[Andes]], [[Central Volcanic Zone]]||2300 |
||{{Flagicon|Argentina}} [[Cerro Blanco (volcano)|Cerro Blanco (Argentina)]]||[[Andes]], [[Central Volcanic Zone]]||2300 BC||0.004315|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Mount Vesuvius]]||[[Campanian volcanic arc]]||2420 |
||{{Flagicon|Italy}} [[Mount Vesuvius]]||[[Campanian volcanic arc]]||2420 BC||0.004434||[[Avellino eruption]] |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||3200 |
||{{Flagicon|Russia}} [[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||3200 BC||0.005214||tephra layer IAv20; AV3 |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||3550 |
||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||3550 BC||0.005564|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Taal Volcano]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||3580 |
||{{Flagicon|Philippines}} [[Taal Volcano]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||3580 BC||0.005594|| |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||[[Haroharo Caldera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||3580 |
||[[Haroharo Caldera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||3580 BC||0.005594|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||[[Pago (volcano)|Pago]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||4000 |
||[[Pago (volcano)|Pago]]||[[Bismarck Archipelago|Bismarck]] Volcanic Arc||4000 BC||0.00614|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||[[Masaya Volcano]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||4050 |
||[[Masaya Volcano]]||[[Central America Volcanic Arc]]||4050 BC||0.006064|| |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||[[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||4340 |
||[[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||4340 BC||0.006354||tephra layer IAv12; AV4 |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
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||[[Kikai Caldera]]||[[Ryukyu Islands]]||4350 |
||[[Kikai Caldera]]||[[Ryukyu Islands]]||4350 BC||0.006364||[[Akahoya eruption]] |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||[[Macauley Island]]||[[Kermadec Islands]]||4360 |
||[[Macauley Island]]||[[Kermadec Islands]]||4360 BC||0.006374|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||[[Mount Hudson]]||[[Andes]], [[Southern Volcanic Zone]]||4750 |
||[[Mount Hudson]]||[[Andes]], [[Southern Volcanic Zone]]||4750 BC||0.006764|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||[[Mount Aniakchak]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||5250 |
||[[Mount Aniakchak]]||[[Aleutian Range]]||5250 BC||0.007264|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||[[Lake Mashū]]||Japan||5550 |
||[[Lake Mashū]]||Japan||5550 BC||0.007564|| |
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! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
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||[[Tao-Rusyr Caldera]]||[[Kuril Islands]]||5550 |
||[[Tao-Rusyr Caldera]]||[[Kuril Islands]]||5550 BC||0.007564|| |
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! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
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||[[Mayor Island/Tuhua]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||5560 |
||[[Mayor Island/Tuhua]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||5560 BC||0.007574|| |
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! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
||
||[[Crater Lake]]<br>(as [[Mount Mazama]])||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||5677 |
||[[Crater Lake]]<br>(as [[Mount Mazama]])||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||5677 BC||0.007691|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Khangar]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||5700 |
||[[Khangar]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||5700 BC||0.007714|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Crater Lake]]||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||5900 |
||[[Crater Lake]]||[[Cascade Volcanic Arc]]||5900 BC||0.007914|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||[[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||5980 |
||[[Avachinsky]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||5980 BC||0.007984||tephra layer IAv1 |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Menengai]]||[[East African Rift]]||6050 |
||[[Menengai]]||[[East African Rift]]||6050 BC||0.008064|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||[[Haroharo Caldera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||6060 |
||[[Haroharo Caldera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||6060 BC||0.008074|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Sakurajima]]||Japan||6200 |
||[[Sakurajima]]||Japan||6200 BC||0.008214|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
! style="background:#900; color:white;"|7 |
||
||[[Kurile Lake]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||6440 |
||[[Kurile Lake]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||6440 BC||0.008454||[[Ilinsky eruption]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Karymsky (volcano)]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||6600 |
||[[Karymsky (volcano)]]||[[Kamchatka Peninsula]]||6600 BC||0.008615|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Mount Vesuvius]]||[[Campanian volcanic arc]]||6940 |
||[[Mount Vesuvius]]||[[Campanian volcanic arc]]||6940 BC||0.008954||[[Mercato eruption]] |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Fisher Caldera]]||[[Aleutian Islands]]||7420 |
||[[Fisher Caldera]]||[[Aleutian Islands]]||7420 BC||0.009435|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||7460 |
||[[Mount Pinatubo]]||[[Luzon]] Volcanic Arc||7460 BC||0.009474|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Lvinaya Past]]||[[Kuril Islands]]||7480 |
||[[Lvinaya Past]]||[[Kuril Islands]]||7480 BC||0.009480|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||[[Rotoma Caldera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||7560 |
||[[Rotoma Caldera]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||7560 BC||0.009560|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Ko'olau Range]]||[[Honolulu Volcanic Series]]||data-sort-value="-80000000"|8000 |
||{{Flagicon|USA}} [[Ko'olau Range]]||[[Honolulu Volcanic Series]]||data-sort-value="-80000000"|8000 BC||0.01|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||[[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||8130 |
||[[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||8130 BC||0.010130|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Grímsvötn]]||[[Iceland]]||8230 |
||[[Grímsvötn]]||[[Iceland]]||8230 BC||0.01023|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
||
||[[Ulleungdo]]||South Korea||8750 |
||[[Ulleungdo]]||South Korea||8750 BC||0.01075|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||[[Mount Tongariro]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||9450 |
||[[Mount Tongariro]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||9450 BC||0.01145|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||[[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||9460 |
||[[Taupo Volcano]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||9460 BC||0.01146|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
! style="background:#f30;"|5 |
||
||[[Mount Tongariro]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||9650 |
||[[Mount Tongariro]]||[[Taupo Volcanic Zone]]||9650 BC||0.011660|| |
||
|- |
|- |
||
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
! style="background:#f00; color:white;"|6 |
Revision as of 03:14, 28 December 2015
It has been suggested that List of Quaternary volcanic eruptions be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2015. |
It has been suggested that Timeline of volcanism on Earth be merged into this article. (Discuss) Proposed since January 2015. |
This is a sortable summary of the pages Timetable of major worldwide volcanic eruptions, List of Quaternary volcanic eruptions, and Large volume volcanic eruptions in the Basin and Range Province. Uncertainties as to dates and tephra volumes are not restated, and references are not repeated. Volcanic Explosivity Index (VEI) values for events in the Miocene epoch sometimes lack references. They are given as VEI-equivalent, as orientation[clarification needed] of the erupted tephra volume.
Overview
VEI | Volcano name | Volcanic arc/belt, subregion, or hotspot |
Historical Date | Geological Date in Ma | Tephra or eruption name |
---|---|---|---|---|---|
5 | Puyehue-Cordon Caulle | Andean Volcanic Belt | 2011-06-04 AD | 0.000004 | |
6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 1991-06-15 AD | 0.000024 | |
5 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 1980-05-18 AD | 0.000035 | |
6 | Novarupta | Aleutian Range | 1912-06-06 AD | 0.000103 | |
6 | Santa María | Central America Volcanic Arc | 1902-10-24 AD | 0.000113 | |
5 | Mount Tarawera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 1886-06-10 AD | 0.000129 | |
6 | Krakatoa | Sunda Arc | 1883-08-26 AD | 0.000132 | |
5 | Cosigüina | Central America Volcanic Arc | 1835-01-20 AD | 0.000180 | |
7 | Mount Tambora | Lesser Sunda Islands | 1815-04-10 AD | 0.000200 | |
6? | Source unknown | Source unknown | 1809 AD | 0.000206 | Undocumented 1809 eruption[1] |
6 | Grímsvötn | Iceland | 1783-85 AD | 0.000232 | Skaftáreldar at Laki |
6 | Long Island (Papua New Guinea)[citation needed] | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 1660 AD | 0.000355 | |
6 | Kolumbo, Santorini | South Aegean Volcanic Arc | 1650-09-27 | 0.000365 | |
6 | Huaynaputina | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 1600-02-19 AD | 0.000415 | |
6 | Billy Mitchell | Bougainville & Solomon Is. | 1580 AD | 0.000435 | |
6 | Bárðarbunga | Iceland | 1477 AD | 0.000538 | |
6 | Kuwae | Vanuatu | 1452-53 AD | 0.000563 | |
6 | Quilotoa | Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone | 1280 AD | 0.000735 | |
7 | Mt.Rinjani | Lombok Island | 1258 | 0.000757 | May have triggered the Little Ice Age [2] |
7 | / Baekdu Mountain | Balhae (China – North Korea border) | 969 AD | 0.001046 | Tianchi eruption |
6 | Katla | Iceland | 934-940 AD | 0.001075 | Eldgjá eruption |
6 | Ceboruco | Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt | 930 AD | 0.001085 | |
6 | Dakataua | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 800 AD | 0.001215 | |
6 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 710 AD | 0.001305 | |
6 | Mount Churchill | eastern Alaska, USA | 700 AD | 0.001315 | |
6 | Rabaul caldera | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 540 AD | 0.001475 | |
6 | Lake Ilopango | Central America Volcanic Arc | 450 AD | 0.001565 | |
6 | Ksudach | Kamchatka Peninsula | 240 AD | 0.001775 | |
7 | Taupo Volcano | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 230 AD | 0.001785 | Hatepe eruption |
5 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 79 AD | 0.001936 | Pompeii eruption |
6 | Mount Churchill | eastern Alaska, USA | 60 AD | 0.001955 | |
6 | Ambrym | Vanuatu | 50 AD | 0.001965 | |
6 | Apoyeque | Central America Volcanic Arc | 50 BC | 0.002064 | |
6 | Mount Okmok | Aleutian Islands | 100 BC | 0.002114 | |
6 | Raoul Island | Kermadec Islands | 250 BC | 0.002264 | |
5 | Mount Meager | Garibaldi Volcanic Belt | 400 BC | 0.002414 | Bridge River Ash |
5 | Mount Tongariro | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 550 BC | 0.002564 | |
6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 1050 BC | 0.003064 | |
5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka Peninsula | 1350 BC | 0.003364 | tephra layer IIAV3 |
6 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 1370 BC | 0.003384 | |
6 | Taupo Volcano | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 1460 BC | 0.003474 | |
5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka Peninsula | 1500 BC | 0.003514 | |
7 | Youngest Caldera, Santorini | South Aegean Volcanic Arc | 1610 BC | 0.003624 | Minoan eruption |
6 | Mount Aniakchak | Aleutian Range | 1645 BC | 0.003659 | |
6 | Mount Veniaminof | Aleutian Range | 1750 BC | 0.003764 | |
6 | Mount St. Helens | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 1860 BC | 0.003874 | |
6 | Mount Hudson | Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone | 1890 BC | 0.003904 | |
6 | Black Peak | Aleutian Range | 1900 BC | 0.003914 | |
6 | Long Island (Papua New Guinea) | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 2040 BC | 0.004054 | |
7 | Cerro Blanco (Argentina) | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 2300 BC | 0.004315 | |
6 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 2420 BC | 0.004434 | Avellino eruption |
5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka Peninsula | 3200 BC | 0.005214 | tephra layer IAv20; AV3 |
6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 3550 BC | 0.005564 | |
6 | Taal Volcano | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 3580 BC | 0.005594 | |
5 | Haroharo Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 3580 BC | 0.005594 | |
6 | Pago | Bismarck Volcanic Arc | 4000 BC | 0.00614 | |
6 | Masaya Volcano | Central America Volcanic Arc | 4050 BC | 0.006064 | |
5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka Peninsula | 4340 BC | 0.006354 | tephra layer IAv12; AV4 |
7 | Kikai Caldera | Ryukyu Islands | 4350 BC | 0.006364 | Akahoya eruption |
6 | Macauley Island | Kermadec Islands | 4360 BC | 0.006374 | |
6 | Mount Hudson | Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone | 4750 BC | 0.006764 | |
6 | Mount Aniakchak | Aleutian Range | 5250 BC | 0.007264 | |
6 | Lake Mashū | Japan | 5550 BC | 0.007564 | |
6 | Tao-Rusyr Caldera | Kuril Islands | 5550 BC | 0.007564 | |
5 | Mayor Island/Tuhua | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 5560 BC | 0.007574 | |
7 | Crater Lake (as Mount Mazama) |
Cascade Volcanic Arc | 5677 BC | 0.007691 | |
6 | Khangar | Kamchatka Peninsula | 5700 BC | 0.007714 | |
6 | Crater Lake | Cascade Volcanic Arc | 5900 BC | 0.007914 | |
5 | Avachinsky | Kamchatka Peninsula | 5980 BC | 0.007984 | tephra layer IAv1 |
6 | Menengai | East African Rift | 6050 BC | 0.008064 | |
5 | Haroharo Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 6060 BC | 0.008074 | |
6 | Sakurajima | Japan | 6200 BC | 0.008214 | |
7 | Kurile Lake | Kamchatka Peninsula | 6440 BC | 0.008454 | Ilinsky eruption |
6 | Karymsky (volcano) | Kamchatka Peninsula | 6600 BC | 0.008615 | |
6 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 6940 BC | 0.008954 | Mercato eruption |
6 | Fisher Caldera | Aleutian Islands | 7420 BC | 0.009435 | |
6 | Mount Pinatubo | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 7460 BC | 0.009474 | |
6 | Lvinaya Past | Kuril Islands | 7480 BC | 0.009480 | |
5 | Rotoma Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 7560 BC | 0.009560 | |
5 | Ko'olau Range | Honolulu Volcanic Series | 8000 BC | 0.01 | |
5 | Taupo Volcano | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 8130 BC | 0.010130 | |
6 | Grímsvötn | Iceland | 8230 BC | 0.01023 | |
6 | Ulleungdo | South Korea | 8750 BC | 0.01075 | |
5 | Mount Tongariro | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 9450 BC | 0.01145 | |
5 | Taupo Volcano | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 9460 BC | 0.01146 | |
5 | Mount Tongariro | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 9650 BC | 0.011660 | |
6 | Nevado de Toluca | Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt | 0.0105 Ma | Upper Toluca Pumice | |
6 | Laacher See | Eifel hotspot | 0.0129 Ma | ||
5 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 0.016 Ma | Green Pumice | |
6 | Emmons Lake caldera | Aleutian Range | 0.017 Ma | ||
6 | Mount Vesuvius | Campanian volcanic arc | 0.018.3 Ma | Basal Pumice | |
? | Cape Riva Caldera, Santorini | South Aegean Volcanic Arc | 0.021 Ma | ||
7 | Aira Caldera | Japan | 0.022 Ma | ||
8 | Taupo Volcano | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.0245 Ma | Oruanui eruption | |
? | Laguna Caldera | Luzon Volcanic Arc | 0.027-29 Ma | ||
? | Menengai | East African Rift | 0.029 Ma | ||
6 | Morne Diablotins | Lesser Antilles island arc | 0.030 Ma | Grand Savanne Ignimbrite | |
7 | Campi Flegrei | Campanian volcanic arc | 0.037 Ma | Campanian Ignimbrite | |
5 | Campi Flegrei | Campanian volcanic arc | 0.03928 Ma | Campanian Tuff | |
5 | Galeras | Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone | 0.040 Ma | ||
7 | Kurile Lake | Kamchatka Peninsula | 0.0415 Ma | Golygin eruption | |
7 | Okataina Volcanic Complex | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.050 Ma | Rotoiti Ignimbrite | |
7 | Maninjau Caldera | Sunda Arc | 0.052 Ma | ||
? | Skaros Caldera, Santorini | South Aegean Volcanic Arc | 0.070 Ma | ||
8 | Lake Toba Caldera | Sunda Arc | 0.073 Ma | Youngest Toba Tuff | |
7 | Lago de Atitlán | Central America Volcanic Arc | 0.084 Ma | Los Chocoyos eruption | |
7 | Mount Aso | Japan | 0.090 Ma | ||
6 | Sierra La Primavera | Trans-Mexican Volcanic Belt | 0.095 Ma | Tala Tuff | |
6 | Mount Aso | Japan | 0.120 Ma | ||
? | Yellowstone Caldera | Yellowstone hotspot | 0.070-150 Ma | magmatic | |
6 | Mount Aso | Japan | 0.140 Ma | ||
5 | Galeras | Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone | 0.150 Ma | ||
6 | Kos-Nisyros Caldera | South Aegean Volcanic Arc | 0.161 Ma | Kos Plateau Tuff | |
? | Southern Caldera, Santorini | South Aegean Volcanic Arc | 0.18 Ma | ||
7 | Rotorua Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.22 Ma | ||
7 | Maroa Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.23 Ma | ||
7 | Reporoa Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.23 Ma | ||
6 | Emmons Lake caldera | Aleutian Range | 0.233 Ma | ||
8 | Whakamaru Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.254 Ma | Whakamaru Ignimbrite | |
6 | Mount Aso | Japan | 0.270 Ma | ||
7 | Haroharo Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.28 Ma | Matahina Ignimbrite | |
6 | Uzon-Geyzernaya calderas | Kamchatka Peninsula | 0.28 Ma | ||
6 | Roccamonfina Caldera | Campania, Italy | 0.385 Ma | ||
7 | Diamante Caldera | Andes, Southern Volcanic Zone | 0.45 Ma | ||
? | Toba Caldera | Sunda Arc | 0.501 Ma | Middle Toba Tuff | |
6 | Galeras | Andes, Northern Volcanic Zone | 0.56 Ma | ||
8 | Yellowstone Caldera | Yellowstone hotspot | 0.64 Ma | Lava Creek Tuff | |
7 | Long Valley Caldera | eastern California, USA | 0.76 Ma | Bishop Tuff | |
? | Toba Caldera | Sunda Arc | 0.84 Ma | Oldest Toba Tuff | |
7 | Mangakino Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 0.97 Ma | Rocky Hill Ignimbrite | |
7 | Mangakino Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 1.01 Ma | Unit E | |
7 | Valles Caldera | New Mexico, USA (Raton hotspot) |
1.15 Ma | Upper Bandelier eruption | |
? | Toba Caldera | Sunda Arc | 1.2 Ma | Haranggoal Dacite Tuff | |
7 | Mangakino Caldera | Taupo Volcanic Zone | 1.23 Ma | Ongatit Ignimbrite | |
7 | Henry's Fork Caldera | Yellowstone hotspot | 1.3 Ma | Mesa Falls Tuff | |
? | Valles Caldera | New Mexico, USA | 1.47 Ma | Lower Bandelier eruption | |
6 | Cerro Guacha | Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex | 1.7 Ma | Puripica Chico ignimbrite | |
? | Source unknown | Japan | 1.75 Ma | Ebisutoge-Fukuda tephras | |
7 | Lake Atitlán | Central America Volcanic Arc | 1.8 Ma | ||
8 | Island Park Caldera | Yellowstone hotspot | 2.1 Ma | Huckleberry Ridge Tuff | |
8 | Cerro Galán | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 2.2 Ma | Cerro Galán Ignimbrite | |
7 | Pastos Grandes Caldera | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 2.9 Ma | Pastos Grandes Ignimbrite | |
7 | Cerro Guacha | Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex | 3.5 Ma | Tara ignimbrite | |
8 | Pacana Caldera | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 4 Ma | Atana Ignimbrite | |
8 | Heise volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot | 4.45 Ma | Kilgore Tuff | |
? | Heise volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot | 5.51 Ma | Conant Creek Tuff | |
8 | Cerro Guacha | Altiplano-Puna volcanic complex | 5.7 Ma | Guacha ignimbrite | |
7 | Cerro Panizos | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 6.1 Ma | Panizos Ignimbrite | |
? | Heise volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot | 6.27 Ma | Walcott Tuff | |
8 | Heise volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot | 6.62 Ma | Blacktail Tuff | |
7 | Black Mountain Caldera | Southwest Nevada volcanic field | 7 Ma | Thirsty Canyon Tuff | |
7 | Pastos Grandes Caldera | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 8.3 Ma | Sifon Ignimbrite | |
? | Twin Falls volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot | 8.6 to 10 Ma | ||
? | Picabo volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot | 10.09 and 10.21 Ma | Arbon Valley Tuffs | |
8 | Bruneau-Jarbidge caldera | Yellowstone hotspot | 10.0 to 12.5 Ma | Ashfall Fossil Beds eruption | |
7 | Timber Mountain caldera complex | Southwest Nevada volcanic field | 11.45 Ma | Timber Mountain Tuff - Ammonia Tanks member | |
8 | Timber Mountain caldera complex | Southwest Nevada volcanic field | 11.6 Ma | Timber Mountain Tuff - Rainer Mesa member | |
8 | Paintbrush Caldera | Southwest Nevada volcanic field | 12.7 Ma | Paintbrush Tuff - Topopah Spring member | |
8 | Paintbrush Caldera | Southwest Nevada volcanic field | 12.8 Ma | Paintbrush Tuff - Tiva Canyon member | |
7 | Silent Canyon caldera complex | Southwest Nevada volcanic field | 13 Ma | Belted Range Tuff | |
7 | Crater Flat Group | Southwest Nevada volcanic field | 13.25 Ma | Crater Flat Tuff, Bullfrog member | |
? | Owyhee-Humboldt volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot | 12.8 to 13.9 Ma | ||
6 | Campi Flegrei | Campanian volcanic arc | 14.9 Ma | Neapolitan Yellow Tuff | |
8 | Source unknown | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 15 Ma | Huaylillas Ignimbrite | |
7 | McDermitt volcanic field, North | Yellowstone hotspot | 15 Ma | Whitehorse Creek Tuff | |
? | Lake Owyhee volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot? | 15 to 15.5 Ma | ||
7 | McDermitt volcanic field, South | Yellowstone hotspot | 15.6 Ma | Longridge Tuff member 2-3 | |
7 | McDermitt volcanic field, South | Yellowstone hotspot | 15.6 Ma | Longridge Tuff member 5 | |
7 | McDermitt volcanic field, South | Yellowstone hotspot | 15.7 Ma | Double H Tuff | |
7 | McDermitt volcanic field, North | Yellowstone hotspot | 15.8 Ma | Trout Creek Mountains Tuff | |
? | McDermitt volcanic field, South | Yellowstone hotspot | 16 Ma | Hoppin Peaks Tuff | |
7 | McDermitt volcanic field, South | Yellowstone hotspot | 16.548 Ma | Oregon Canyon Tuff | |
? | Northwest Nevada volcanic field | Yellowstone hotspot? | 15.5 to 16.5 Ma | ||
? | Columbia River Basalt Group | Yellowstone hotspot | 17 Ma | ||
? | Source unknown | Andes, Central Volcanic Zone | 19 Ma | Oxaya Ignimbrites | |
7 | Mount Belknap Caldera | Marysvale volcanic field | 19 Ma | Joe Lott member | |
7 | Monroe Peak Caldera | Marysvale volcanic field | 23 Ma | Osiris Tuff | |
8 | La Garita Caldera | San Juan volcanic field | 27.8 Ma | Fish Canyon Tuff | |
7 | Bennett Lake Volcanic Complex | Skukum Group | 50 Ma |
Further reading
- Scott E. Bryan (2010). "The largest volcanic eruptions on Earth". Earth-Science Reviews. 102 (3–4): 207–229. doi:10.1016/j.earscirev.2010.07.001.
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References
- ^ "Undocumented volcano contributed to extremely cold decade from 1810-1819". Sciencedaily.com. 2009-12-07. Retrieved 2012-11-18.
- ^ Space (2013-09-30). "Samalas in Indonesia Identified as Source of the 1257 A.D. 'Missing' Eruption". WIRED. Retrieved 2015-12-16.
- Ward, Peter L. (2 April 2009). "Sulfur Dioxide Initiates Global Climate Change in Four Ways" (PDF). Thin Solid Films. 517 (11): 3188–3203. Bibcode:2009TSF...517.3188W. doi:10.1016/j.tsf.2009.01.005. Retrieved 2010-03-19.
- Supplementary Table I: "Supplementary Table to P.L. Ward, Thin Solid Films (2009) Major volcanic eruptions and provinces" (PDF). Teton Tectonics. Retrieved 2010-03-16.
- Supplementary Table II: "Supplementary References to P.L. Ward, Thin Solid Films (2009)" (PDF). Teton Tectonics. Retrieved 2010-03-16.
- "Large Holocene Eruptions". Global Volcanism Program, Smithsonian Institution. Retrieved 2010-04-17.