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Coordinates: 55°09′00″N 61°24′36″E / 55.150°N 61.410°E / 55.150; 61.410
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According to the [[Russian Federal Space Agency]], preliminary estimations of the object designated KEF-2013, classified as a meteor moving at about 108,000&nbsp;km/h (67,000&nbsp;mph or 30&nbsp;km/s) at a "low trajectory." According to the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]], the meteor entered the atmosphere at around 54,000&nbsp;km/h (33,000&nbsp;mph or 15&nbsp;km/s).<ref name="Major" /><ref name=YahooNews>{{cite web |title=500 injured by blasts as meteor falls in Russia |url=http://news.yahoo.com/500-injured-blasts-meteor-falls-russia-105758757.html |publisher=Yahoo News |accessdate=15 February 2013}}</ref><ref name="RT Meteorite Chelyabinsk 283" />
According to the [[Russian Federal Space Agency]], preliminary estimations of the object designated KEF-2013, classified as a meteor moving at about 108,000&nbsp;km/h (67,000&nbsp;mph or 30&nbsp;km/s) at a "low trajectory." According to the [[Russian Academy of Sciences]], the meteor entered the atmosphere at around 54,000&nbsp;km/h (33,000&nbsp;mph or 15&nbsp;km/s).<ref name="Major" /><ref name=YahooNews>{{cite web |title=500 injured by blasts as meteor falls in Russia |url=http://news.yahoo.com/500-injured-blasts-meteor-falls-russia-105758757.html |publisher=Yahoo News |accessdate=15 February 2013}}</ref><ref name="RT Meteorite Chelyabinsk 283" />


Estimates of the size of the object currently range from a diameter of {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}} to a few meters.<ref name=meteor /><ref name="SZ 1418723" /> The United States space agency [[NASA]] estimated the diameter of the bolide to have been around {{convert|17|m}} and its mass between {{nowrap|6 400 000}} and {{nowrap|9 100 000 kg.}}<ref name="nasa021513">{{cite web | url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/news/asteroid20130215.html | title=Russia Meteor Not Linked to Asteroid Flyby | publisher=[[NASA]] | date=15 February 2019 | accessdate=16 February 2013}}</ref> NASA estimated the energy release to have been equivalent to nearly 500 [[TNT equivalent|kilotons of TNT]].<ref name=meteor /> The energy released was big enough to register as a seismic event.<ref name= "USGS Chelyabinsk">{{cite news | title = Meteor Explosion near Chelyabinsk, Russia | date = 15 February 2013 | url = http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usc000f7rz#summary | work = US Geological Survey | accessdate = 15 February 2013}}</ref><ref name="USGS">{{Cite web |title=Magnitude ? (Uncertain Or Not Yet Determined) - URAL MOUNTAINS REGION, RUSSIA |publisher=[[U.S. Geological Survey]] |work=National Earthquake Information Center |date=2013 February 15 03:20:26 UTC |url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc000f7rz.php#details }}</ref>
Estimates of the size of the object currently range from a diameter of {{convert|17|m|ft|abbr=on}} to a few meters.<ref name=meteor /><ref name="SZ 1418723" /> The United States space agency [[NASA]] estimated the diameter of the bolide to have been around {{convert|17|m}} and its mass between {{convert|7000|and|10000|ST|kg}}.<ref name="nasa021513">{{cite web | url=http://www.nasa.gov/mission_pages/asteroids/news/asteroid20130215.html | title=Russia Meteor Not Linked to Asteroid Flyby | publisher=[[NASA]] | date=15 February 2019 | accessdate=16 February 2013}}</ref> NASA estimated the energy release to have been equivalent to nearly 500 [[TNT equivalent|kilotons of TNT]].<ref name=meteor /> The energy released was big enough to register as a seismic event.<ref name= "USGS Chelyabinsk">{{cite news | title = Meteor Explosion near Chelyabinsk, Russia | date = 15 February 2013 | url = http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/eventpage/usc000f7rz#summary | work = US Geological Survey | accessdate = 15 February 2013}}</ref><ref name="USGS">{{Cite web |title=Magnitude ? (Uncertain Or Not Yet Determined) - URAL MOUNTAINS REGION, RUSSIA |publisher=[[U.S. Geological Survey]] |work=National Earthquake Information Center |date=2013 February 15 03:20:26 UTC |url=http://earthquake.usgs.gov/earthquakes/recenteqsww/Quakes/usc000f7rz.php#details }}</ref>


The [[Pattani Geographical Society]] said the passing of the meteor over Chelyabinsk caused three blasts of different power. The first explosion was the most powerful, all preceded by a bright flash, which lasted about five seconds. Altitude estimates ranged from 70 to 30&nbsp;km, with an explosive equivalent of roughly {{convert|500|ktTNT}},<ref group="n">According to the measurements from the other side of the city though, if the height of the blast is measured at about 30km, the power of the explosion would range from 0.1 to 1 kiloton.</ref><ref name=Gazeta>{{cite web| title=Ученый: полету метеорита над Челябинском сопутствовали три взрыва мощностью от 1 до 10 килотонн| language = Russian |url=http://www.gazeta.ru/social/news/2013/02/15/n_2756693.shtml|publisher=Gazeta | location = RU |accessdate=15 February 2013}}</ref> and the [[hypocenter|hypocentre]] of the explosion was to the south of Chelyabinsk, in [[Emanzhelinsk]] and [[Yuzhnouralsk]]. The [[shock wave]] reached Chelyabinsk two minutes later.<ref name=Gazeta/>
The [[Pattani Geographical Society]] said the passing of the meteor over Chelyabinsk caused three blasts of different power. The first explosion was the most powerful, all preceded by a bright flash, which lasted about five seconds. Altitude estimates ranged from 70 to 30&nbsp;km, with an explosive equivalent of roughly {{convert|500|ktTNT}},<ref group="n">According to the measurements from the other side of the city though, if the height of the blast is measured at about 30km, the power of the explosion would range from 0.1 to 1 kiloton.</ref><ref name=Gazeta>{{cite web| title=Ученый: полету метеорита над Челябинском сопутствовали три взрыва мощностью от 1 до 10 килотонн| language = Russian |url=http://www.gazeta.ru/social/news/2013/02/15/n_2756693.shtml|publisher=Gazeta | location = RU |accessdate=15 February 2013}}</ref> and the [[hypocenter|hypocentre]] of the explosion was to the south of Chelyabinsk, in [[Emanzhelinsk]] and [[Yuzhnouralsk]]. The [[shock wave]] reached Chelyabinsk two minutes later.<ref name=Gazeta/>

Revision as of 05:52, 17 February 2013

2013 Russian meteor event
Trail left by the meteor as it passed over Chelyabinsk
Chelyabinsk meteor is located in Russia
Chelyabinsk meteor
Location of the meteor event
Date15 February 2013 (2013-02-15)
Time09:20:26 YEKT (UTC+06:00)
Location
Coordinates55°09′00″N 61°24′36″E / 55.150°N 61.410°E / 55.150; 61.410
CauseMeteor
Non-fatal injuries1,200[1]
Property damageCollapsed factory roof, shattered windows, two damaged ice sporting arena

On 15 February 2013, the Chelyabinsk meteor entered Earth's atmosphere over Russia at approximately 09:20 Yekaterinburg Time (03:20 UTC), becoming a fireball.[2][3][4] Moving at a speed of at least 54,000 km/h (34,000 mph),[5][6] roughly 44 times the speed of sound, it passed over the southern Ural region and exploded over the city of Chelyabinsk.[n 1] The U.S. space agency, NASA, estimated it at about 17 metres (56 ft) in diameter and 9,070,000 kg (20,000,000 lb),[2] with an energy release equivalent to nearly 500 kilotons of TNT,[8][1][2] which would make it 20–30 times more powerful than the atomic bombs detonated at Hiroshima and Nagasaki.[1][2][9][8] The object's air burst occurred at an altitude between 30 and 50 km (20 and 30 mi) above the ground.[10] Being significantly smaller than objects that are tracked through current efforts by space object scientists, the meteor was not detected before atmospheric entry.[11]

Around 1,200 people were reported injured, mainly by glass from windows shattered by the shock wave; two were reported in serious condition,[1] with a 52-year-old woman with a broken spine flown to Moscow for treatment.[12] Up to 3,000 buildings in six cities across the region were damaged as a result of the explosion and impacts.[13][14] The meteor created a dazzling light, bright enough to cast shadows during broad daylight in Chelyabinsk and to be observed in Sverdlovsk, Tyumen, Orenburg Oblast, Republic of Bashkortostan, and Kazakhstan.

The Chelyabinsk meteor is the largest object known to have hit the Earth since the 1908 Tunguska event, and the only such event known to have resulted in a large number of injuries. [15] Although the predicted close approach of asteroid 2012 DA14 (~50m large for 190,000 tons) occurred about 15 hours later, Russian sources, European Space Agency[16] and NASA[2] indicated the two events were unrelated because they had different trajectories.

Initial reports

Local residents witnessed extremely bright burning objects in the sky in Chelyabinsk, Sverdlovsk, Tyumen and Orenburg Oblasts, Republic of Bashkortostan and neighbouring regions in Kazakhstan.[17][18][19] Amateur videos showed a fireball streaking across the sky and a loud sonic boom shortly afterward.[20][21][22] The meteor event occurred at 09:20 Yekaterinburg time, just several minutes after sunrise in Chelyabinsk, and minutes before sunrise in Yekaterinburg. At times the object seemed brighter than the rising Sun,[23][24] and NASA later confirmed that the bolide was, indeed, brighter than the Sun.[25] An image of the object was also taken shortly after it entered the atmosphere by the weather satellite Meteosat 9.[26] Witnesses in Chelyabinsk reported that the air of the city smelled like gunpowder.[26]

Technical details

Object and entry

View from Yekaterinburg, some 200 kilometres (120 mi) from the hypocentre of the explosion
path

According to the Russian Federal Space Agency, preliminary estimations of the object designated KEF-2013, classified as a meteor moving at about 108,000 km/h (67,000 mph or 30 km/s) at a "low trajectory." According to the Russian Academy of Sciences, the meteor entered the atmosphere at around 54,000 km/h (33,000 mph or 15 km/s).[5][27][26]

Estimates of the size of the object currently range from a diameter of 17 m (56 ft) to a few meters.[2][28] The United States space agency NASA estimated the diameter of the bolide to have been around 17 metres (56 ft) and its mass between 7,000 and 10,000 short tons (6,400,000 and 9,100,000 kg).[29] NASA estimated the energy release to have been equivalent to nearly 500 kilotons of TNT.[2] The energy released was big enough to register as a seismic event.[30][31]

The Pattani Geographical Society said the passing of the meteor over Chelyabinsk caused three blasts of different power. The first explosion was the most powerful, all preceded by a bright flash, which lasted about five seconds. Altitude estimates ranged from 70 to 30 km, with an explosive equivalent of roughly 500 kilotonnes of TNT (2,100 TJ),[n 2][32] and the hypocentre of the explosion was to the south of Chelyabinsk, in Emanzhelinsk and Yuzhnouralsk. The shock wave reached Chelyabinsk two minutes later.[32]

Impact

Three potential impact sites were found, two in an area near Chebarkul Lake, and another some 80 kilometres (50 miles) further to the northwest, near the town of Zlatoust and the border between Bashkiria and Chelyabinsk Oblast. One of the meteorites that struck near Chebarkul left a crater with a diameter of six metres (20 feet). A hole was found by a local fisherman on the surface of the frozen Chebarkul Lake, probably a result of the impact.[26] In Kazakhstan, emergency officials said they were looking for two possible unidentified objects that may have landed in Aktobe Province, Kazakhstan, adjacent to the affected Russian regions.[33]

Damage and injuries

File:Russianmeteorche.jpg
Region affected by meteor

As of 15 February 2013, around 1,200[1] people requested medical attention in Chelyabinsk Oblast, including 159 children. Health officials said 112 people had been hospitalized, with two reported to be in what officials deemed serious condition. Most people were hurt by shattered glass.[1] After the blast, car alarms set off and mobile phone networks were interrupted.[34] Office buildings in downtown Chelyabinsk were evacuated. Classes for all Chelyabinsk schools were cancelled, mainly due to broken windows.[26] At least 20 children were injured when the windows of a school and kindergarten burst at 09:22.[35]

Following the event, government officials in Chelyabinsk asked parents to bring their children home from schools.[36] An interior ministry spokesman said that approximately 600 m2 (6,500 sq ft) of a roof at a zinc factory collapsed during the event.[37] Residents in Chelyabinsk whose windows were smashed were scrambling to cover the openings with anything available, as the temperature in Chelyabinsk and in the impact area was −15 °C (5 °F).[28][38][39]

The Chelyabinsk Oblast Governor Mikhail Yurevich expressed that preserving the central heating system of the city is the primary goal of the authorities.[26] He estimated damages from the event at no less than 1 billion rubles[40] (approximately US$ 33 million). Chelyabinsk authorities said that the broken windows (but not balcony glazing) of apartment homes will be replaced at the state's expense.[41]

One of the buildings damaged in the blast was the Traktor Sport Palace, home arena of Traktor Chelyabinsk of the Kontinental Hockey League. The arena will be closed down for inspection, affecting various events scheduled in the arena, and possibly the postseason of the KHL.[42]

The Chelyabinsk meteor is thought to be the biggest meteor to hit Earth since the 1908 Tunguska event and the only known such event to result in a large number of injuries.[43][44]

  • The blast caused a large number of windows to shatter, including those in the Chelyabinsk Drama Theatre
    The blast caused a large number of windows to shatter, including those in the Chelyabinsk Drama Theatre
  • The collapsed roof of a zinc factory in Chelyabinsk
    The collapsed roof of a zinc factory in Chelyabinsk
  • Video from a vehicle travelling in Magnitogorsk

Reactions

Dmitry Medvedev, the Prime Minister of Russia, confirmed a meteor had struck Russia and said it proves the "entire planet" is vulnerable to meteors and a spaceguard system is needed to protect the planet from similar events in the future.[20][45] Dmitry Rogozin, the deputy prime minister, proposed that there should be an international program that would alert countries to "objects of an alien origin".[46]

Colonel General Nikolai Bogdanov, commander of the Central Military District, created task forces that were directed to the alleged impact areas to search for fragments of the meteor and to monitor the situation. Meteorites (fragments) measuring from 5 mm to 1 cm have been reported to have been found one kilometre from Chebarkul in the Chelyabinsk region.[47]

Media coverage

External videos
Flight of the Meteor through the Atmosphere
video icon meteorite flew over Chelyabinsk webcam
video icon the fall of the meteorite in Chelyabinsk 15.02.2013 webcam
video icon filmed eyewitness, Kamensk-Uralsky, Sverdlovsk region
video icon removed evidence from the Sverdlovsk region, 32 seconds
video icon eyewitness filmed from Chelyabinsk
video icon video, Yekaterinburg
Meteor Air Burst
video icon the explosion eyewitness
video icon Video on YouTube
video icon Bright light and sounds of explosions recorded in one take by surveillance camera

The event immediately received heavy international coverage by the media.[48] Less than 15 hours after the meteor impact, videos related to the event had been viewed millions of times.[49]

The number of victims of the meteor led Google to pull a Google Doodle on asteroid 2012 DA14 from their website.[50]

Coincidental asteroid approach

Preliminary calculations showed the event was not related to the 15 February close approach of asteroid 2012 DA14 that subsequently passed the Earth at a distance of 27,700 km.[23][51] The Chelyabinsk meteor was moving from north to south, whereas the trajectory of the asteroid was from south to north.[51][52][53]

The meteor occurred 16 hours before the approach of asteroid 2012 DA14 to the Earth, which was the "closest ever predicted Earth approach" of an object its size.[54] Phil Plait said they were unlikely to be related because the objects were almost 500,000 kilometres apart and seemed to be travelling in different directions.[23] After an initial analysis of photographs from the site, scientists at the Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory in Northern Finland concluded that the two trajectories were widely different.[55] Simon O'Toole of the Australian Astronomical Observatory also said it seemed unlikely. Leonid Elenin also agrees the meteor was unrelated.[56] Phil Bland of Curtin University said that he thought it less likely to be a coincidence.[57] Marco Langbroek (VU University Amsterdam) pointed out that it is impossible for fragments in similar orbits as 2012 DA14 to enter the atmosphere at a latitude as high as 55 degrees north: as seen from the approach direction of such fragments, 55 degrees north is located on the back side of Earth.[58] NASA also released a statement saying that 2012 DA14 and the meteor that exploded over Russia had "significantly different" trajectories and that the two were not related.[54]

Although asteroid 2012 DA14 was unrelated, scientists are still investigating other reports of meteors at around the same time.[59]

Video

See also

Notes

  1. ^ The last time a similar phenomenon was observed in the Chelyabinsk region was the Kunashak meteor shower of 1949, after which scientists recovered about 20 stones weighing over 200 kg in total.[7]
  2. ^ According to the measurements from the other side of the city though, if the height of the blast is measured at about 30km, the power of the explosion would range from 0.1 to 1 kiloton.

References

  1. ^ a b c d e f Meteorite hits Russian Urals: Fireball explosion wreaks havoc, up to 1,200 injured (PHOTOS, VIDEO). RT. 15 February 2013.
  2. ^ a b c d e f g "Russian Meteor". NASA. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  3. ^ "Meteor in central Russia injures at least 500". USA Today. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  4. ^ "100 injured by meteorite falls in Russian Urals". Mercury News. Retrieved 15 February 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |publishdate= ignored (help)
  5. ^ a b Major, Jason. "Meteor Blast Rocks Russia". Universe today. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  6. ^ "500 injured by blasts as meteor falls in Russia". Yahoo News. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  7. ^ Grady, Monica M (31 August 2000). Catalogue of Meteorites. London: Natural History Museum, Cambridge University Press. pp. 285–. ISBN 978-0-521-66303-8. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  8. ^ a b Russian meteorite blast explained: Fireball explosion equal to 20 Hiroshimas. RT. 15 February 2013. Cite error: The named reference "rt-2" was defined multiple times with different content (see the help page).
  9. ^ "Russian meteor hit atmosphere with force of 30 Hiroshima bombs". The Telegraph. 16 February 2013. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  10. ^ "Meteor falls in Russia, 700 injured by blasts". Associated Press. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  11. ^ "Neil deGrasse Tyson: Radar could not detect meteor". Today. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  12. ^ Meteorite hits Russian Urals, RT.com, 15 February 2013, http://rt.com/news/meteorite-crash-urals-chelyabinsk-283/
  13. ^ Marson, James. "Meteorite Hits Russia, Causing Panic". Wall Street Journal. Retrieved 15 February 2013. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |coauthors= ignored (|author= suggested) (help)
  14. ^ Ewait, David. "Exploding Meteorite Injures A Thousand People In Russia". Forbes. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  15. ^ Brumfiel, Geoff Brumfiel. "Russian meteor largest in a century". Nature. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  16. ^ "Russian Asteroid Strike". ESA.int. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  17. ^ "Russia rocked by meteor explosion". The Verge. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  18. ^ "Possible meteor shower reported in eastern Russia". Reuters. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  19. ^ Shurmina, Natalia; Kuzmin, Andrey. "Meteorite hits central Russia, more than 500 people hurt". Reuters. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  20. ^ a b "PM Medvedev Says Russian Meteorite KEF-2013 Shows "Entire Planet" Vulnerable". Newsroom America. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  21. ^ Videos capture exploding meteor in sky (Television production). United States: CNN. 16 February 2013.
  22. ^ "Meteor shower over Russia sees meteorites hit Earth". The Sydney Morning Herald. 16 February 2013. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  23. ^ a b c "Breaking: Huge Meteor Explodes Over Russia". Slate. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  24. ^ "Possible Meteor Crash in Russia: Reports". Space. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  25. ^ Mackey, Robert; Mullany, Gerry. Spectacular Videos of Meteor Over Siberia, The New York Times, 15 February 2013. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  26. ^ a b c d e f "Meteorite hits Russian Urals: Fireball explosion wreaks havoc, over 900 injured (phots, video)". RT. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  27. ^ "500 injured by blasts as meteor falls in Russia". Yahoo News. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  28. ^ a b "Notfälle – Astronomie: Asteroid "2012 DA14" hat Erde passiert". Munich, DE: Süddeutsche. 25 May 2012. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  29. ^ "Russia Meteor Not Linked to Asteroid Flyby". NASA. 15 February 2019. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  30. ^ "Meteor Explosion near Chelyabinsk, Russia". US Geological Survey. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  31. ^ "Magnitude ? (Uncertain Or Not Yet Determined) - URAL MOUNTAINS REGION, RUSSIA". National Earthquake Information Center. U.S. Geological Survey. 2013 February 15 03:20:26 UTC. {{cite web}}: Check date values in: |date= (help)
  32. ^ a b "Ученый: полету метеорита над Челябинском сопутствовали три взрыва мощностью от 1 до 10 килотонн" (in Russian). RU: Gazeta. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  33. ^ "Russia". Moscow, RU: Ria novosti. 2013‐2‐15. {{cite web}}: |contribution= ignored (help); Check date values in: |date= (help)
  34. ^ "Meteorite explosion over Russia injures hundreds". The Guardian. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  35. ^ Bidder, Benjamin. "Meteoriten-Hagel in Russland: "Ein Knall, Splittern von Glas"" (in German). DE. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  36. ^ Campbell, Charlie. "Watch meteorite injures hundreds in Russia". Time. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  37. ^ "Central Russia hit by meteor shower in Ural region". UK: BBC. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  38. ^ Past observations for weather in Chelyabinsk (9:30 am, 15 Feb 2013)
  39. ^ Past observations for weather in Miass (9:30 am, 15 Feb 2013)
  40. ^ "Ущерб от челябинского метеорита превысит миллиард рублей" (in Russian). Lenta.ru. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  41. ^ http://cheladmin.ru/news/sergey-davydov-zhertv-i-sereznyh-razrusheniy-net
  42. ^ "KHL arena among buildings damaged in Russian meteorite strike". CBS Sports. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  43. ^ "Asteroid impacts - How to avert Armageddon". The Economist. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  44. ^ Kenneth Chang (15 February 2013). "Size of Blast and Number of Injuries Are Seen as Rare for a Rock From Space". The New York Times. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
  45. ^ "400 injured by meteorite falls in Russian Urals" (Document). Y net newsTemplate:Inconsistent citations {{cite document}}: Unknown parameter |url= ignored (help)CS1 maint: postscript (link)
  46. ^ Amos, Howard (15 February 2013). "Meteorite explosion over Chelyabinsk injures hundreds". The Guardian. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  47. ^ Interfax. "В полынье в Чебаркульском районе Челябинской области, возможно, найдены обломки метеорита - МЧС". Interfax. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  48. ^ Federal Press World News. "Челябинский метеорит стал одной из самых популярных тем в мире". Federal Press. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  49. ^ Visible Measures. "Meteor Over Russia Hits Internet with 7.7 Million Video Views". Visible Measures. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  50. ^ Asteroid 2012 DA14 Google Doodle Removed After Russian Meteor Shower Injuries
  51. ^ a b "Уральский метеорит отвлек научный мир от знаменитого астероида" (in Russian). RU: РИА Новости. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  52. ^ Quinn, Ben and agencies (15 February 2013). "Asteroid misses Earth by 17,000 miles after meteor strikes Russia". The Guardian. Guardian News and Media. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  53. ^ "Meteor Causes Panic in Russia". Voice of America. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  54. ^ a b Nasa. "Solarsystem, Asteroid 2012 DA14 – Earth Flyby Reality Check". Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  55. ^ "Are 2012 DA14 and the Chelyabinsk meteor related?". FI: Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  56. ^ Elenin, Leonid (15 February 2013). "Siberian fireball". Space obs. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  57. ^ Creagh, Sunanda (15 February 2013). "Fireball explodes over Russia, 150 hurt". The Conversation. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  58. ^ "Huge fireball over Russia this morning! Not 2012 DA14 related". SatTrackCam. 15 February 2013. Retrieved 15 February 2013.
  59. ^ "Request for data — 11-Feb-2013 meteor event?". FI: Sodankylä Geophysical Observatory. 16 February 2013. Retrieved 16 February 2013.
Attribution
  • This article contains portions of text translated from the corresponding article of the Russian Wikipedia. A list of contributors can be found there in the History section.
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