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===Personnel - Allied - British Empire===
===Personnel - Allied - British Empire===
Including all non-British subjects in British services.
Including all non-British subjects in British services.
{| class="wikitable" width="90%" style = "align:right; font-size: 90%"
{| class="wikitable" width="70%" style="text-align: right; font-size: 90%; background:#E0EAE0"
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Army'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Army'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Army (female)'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Army (female)'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Navy'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Navy'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Navy (female)'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Navy (female)'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Marines'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Marines'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Air Force'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Air Force'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Air Force (female)'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Air Force (female)'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Auxiliary'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Auxiliary'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Merchant Marine'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Merchant Marine'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Partisans'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Partisans'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Total combat'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Total combat'''
| align="center" style="background:#75A375;"|'''Other labour'''
| align="center" style="background:#C2CAD6;"|'''Other labour'''
|-
|-
| Australia||727,703||24,026||36,976||3,000||0||124,007||27,000||||4,500||||942,712||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Australia||727,703||24,026||36,976||3,000||0||124,007||27,000||||4,500||||942,712||
|-
|-
| Argentina vol||1,700||||1,700||||||599||1||||||||4,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Argentina vol||1,700||||1,700||||||599||1||||||||4,000||
|-
|-
| Bechuana||10,000||||||||||||||||||||10,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Bechuana||10,000||||||||||||||||||||10,000||
|-
|-
| Belgium||42,300||||1,200||||||1,900||||||||||45,770||370
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Belgium||42,300||||1,200||||||1,900||||||||||45,770||370
|-
|-
| Britain ||3,300,000||210,309||865,000||74,000||78,500||1,208,000||181,909||1,500,000||185,000||||7,602,718||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Britain ||3,300,000||210,309||865,000||74,000||78,500||1,208,000||181,909||1,500,000||185,000||||7,602,718||
|-
|-
| B. Indian Ocean||6,500||||||||||||||||||||6,500||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|B. Indian Ocean||6,500||||||||||||||||||||6,500||
|-
|-
| Canada||705,374||25,251||99,822||7,100||||222,501||27,123||82,163||18,000||||1,187,334||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Canada||705,374||25,251||99,822||7,100||||222,501||27,123||82,163||18,000||||1,187,334||
|-
|-
| Caymans||||||201||||||||||||800||||1001||
|bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"| Caymans||||||201||||||||||||800||||1001||
|-
|-
| China||||||||||||||||||10,000||||10,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|China||||||||||||||||||10,000||||10,000||
|-
|-
| Cyprus||30,000||||||||||||||||||||30,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Cyprus||30,000||||||||||||||||||||30,000||
|-
|-
| Czech||4,000||||||||||2,000||||||||||6,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Czech||4,000||||||||||2,000||||||||||6,000||
|-
|-
| East Africa||200,000||||||||||||||||||||200,000||
|bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"| East Africa||200,000||||||||||||||||||||200,000||
|-
|-
| Egypt||100,000||||||||||||||||||||100,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Egypt||100,000||||||||||||||||||||100,000||
|-
|-
| Fiji||3,050||||||||||||||1,071||||||4,121||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Fiji||3,050||||||||||||||1,071||||||4,121||
|-
|-
| France||||||3,700||||||20||||||||||3,720||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|France||||||3,700||||||20||||||||||3,720||
|-
|-
| Greece||5,000||0||8,500||0||0||250||0||0||0||0||14,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Greece||5,000||0||8,500||0||0||250||0||0||0||0||14,000||
|-
|-
| Guiana, British||32||10||42||0||0||33||0||48||0||0||196||31
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Guiana, British||32||10||42||0||0||33||0||48||0||0||196||31
|-
|-
| Hong Kong||2,200||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||2,200||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Hong Kong||2,200||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||2,200||
|-
|-
| India||2,444,779||11,000||45,947||0||0||30,000||0||0||50,000||0||2,581,726||14,000,000
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|India||2,444,779||11,000||45,947||0||0||30,000||0||0||50,000||0||2,581,726||14,000,000
|-
|-
| Ireland||70,000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||70,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Ireland||70,000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||70,000||
|-
|-
| Kenya||98,240||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||98,240||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Kenya||98,240||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||98,240||
|-
|-
| Luxembourg||80||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||80||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Luxembourg||80||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||80||
|-
|-
| Malaysia||1,500||0||1,450||0||0||0||0||3,215||0||4,800||10,965||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Malaysia||1,500||0||1,450||0||0||0||0||3,215||0||4,800||10,965||
|-
|-
| Nepal||250,280||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||250,280||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Nepal||250,280||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||250,280||
|-
|-
| Netherlands||4,000||1,000||0||0||0||1000||0||0||0||0||6,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Netherlands||4,000||1,000||0||0||0||1000||0||0||0||0||6,000||
|-
|-
| Newfoundland||3,503||500||2,889||0||0||712||0||0||10,000||0||21,204||3,600
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Newfoundland||3,503||500||2,889||0||0||712||0||0||10,000||0||21,204||3,600
|-
|-
| New Zealand||125,000||3,905||10,139||700||0||37,250||4,750||124,000||3,000||0||308,744||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|New Zealand||125,000||3,905||10,139||700||0||37,250||4,750||124,000||3,000||0||308,744||
|-
|-
| Nigeria||121,652||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||121,652||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Nigeria||121,652||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||121,652||
|-
|-
| Norway||4,000||0||7,500||0||0||2,700||0||0||0||0||14,200||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Norway||4,000||0||7,500||0||0||2,700||0||0||0||0||14,200||
|-
|-
| Palestine||5,000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||5,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Palestine||5,000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||5,000||
|-
|-
| Poland||215,000||0||4,000||0||0||20,000||0||0||0||0||239,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Poland||215,000||0||4,000||0||0||20,000||0||0||0||0||239,000||
|-
|-
| Sudan||20,000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||20,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Sudan||20,000||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||20,000||
|-
|-
| South Africa||334,000||0||13,269||280||75||0||12,000||0||0||0||359,624||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|South Africa||334,000||0||13,269||280||75||0||12,000||0||0||0||359,624||
|-
|-
| Southern Africa||77,767||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||77,767||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|Southern Africa||77,767||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||0||77,767||
|-
|-
| USA||0||0||0||0||0||8,000||0||0||0||0||8,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|USA||0||0||0||0||0||8,000||0||0||0||0||8,000||
|-
|-
| West Africa||200,000||0||0||0||0||10,000||0||0||0||0||210,000||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|West Africa||200,000||0||0||0||0||10,000||0||0||0||0||210,000||
|-
|-
| West Indies||10,000||0||40000||0||0||5,560||80||0||0||0||55,640||
| bgcolor="#C2D6C2" align="left"|West Indies||10,000||0||40000||0||0||5,560||80||0||0||0||55,640||
|- style="background:#75A375"
|- style="background:#C2D6C2"
|'''British Empire''' ||'''9,122,660'''|| '''276,001'''||'''1,142,335'''|| '''85,080'''|| '''78,575'''|| '''1,674,532'''|| '''252,863'''|| '''1,710,497'''|| '''281,300'''||'''4,800'''||'''14,692,644'''||'''14,004,001'''
|'''British Empire''' ||'''9,122,660'''|| '''276,001'''||'''1,142,335'''|| '''85,080'''|| '''78,575'''|| '''1,674,532'''|| '''252,863'''|| '''1,710,497'''|| '''281,300'''||'''4,800'''||'''14,692,644'''||'''14,004,001'''
|}
|}

Revision as of 03:41, 19 July 2014

During World War II, women worked in factories throughout much of the United States.
File:Indian women building airfield WWII.jpg
Women building an airfield in Bengal 1944. 14 million Indians worked in military production.
Hard pressed Russian women worked in city factories at the height of the Siege of Leningrad

The mobilisation of funds, people, natural resources and matériel for the production and supply of military equipment and military forces during World War II was a critical component of the war effort. Over the course of the conflict, the Allies outpaced the Axis powers in most categories of production, but not all. Access to the funding and industrial resources necessary to sustain their war efforts were directly linked to the composition and integration of their respective economic and political alliances. As formerly neutral powers such as the United States joined the escalating conflict, territory changed hands and combatants were defeated, the balance of power shifted, eventually in favour of the Allies, as did the means to sustain the scale of military production required to finally win the war.

War production data includes the arms, munitions, natural resources, personnel and financing, mobilised to execute the war. War production is not a precisely defined term and for this article is taken to mean everything produced by the belligerents between the occupation of Austria in early 1938 to the surrender and occupation of Japan in late 1945.

Historic context

File:Bundesarchiv R 49 Bild-0025, Ausstellung "Planung und Aufbau im Osten", Schautafel.jpg
"Designing and Building the East"

In the 1930's, political forces within Germany increased financial investment in the military, to developed the armed forces required to support various near and long term political and territorial goals. Germany's economic, scientific, research and industrial capabilities were perhaps the most technically advanced, if not the largest nor most efficient, in the world at the time and were able to provide sustained support for a rapidly growing and innovative military. However, access to and control of the resources and production capacity required to entertain long-term goals such as direct and indirect control over Europe, the territorial expansion of Germany and the destruction of the USSR, were limited. Political demands necessitated the expansion of Germany's direct control over natural and human resources, industrial capacity and farm lands, outside of its current borders. Germany's military production was therefore directly tied to accessing resources largely located outside of its area of direct political control, a dynamic not found amongst the Allies.

Britain's empire prior to the war

In 1938 the British Empire and Commonwealth was a global superpower with direct political and economic control over 25% of the world's population, industry and resources, and effective power over much more. Their influence on the course of the war can not be overstated. From 1938 to mid-1942 the British coordinated the entire Allied effort in all global theatres. They fought the German, Italian, Japanese and Vichy armies, air forces and navies across Europe, Africa, Asia, the Middle East, India, the Mediterranean, and in the Atlantic, Indian, Pacific and Arctic oceans. Empire forces destroyed the Italian armies in North and East Africa, and pre-emptively occupied overseas colonies of occupied European nations, such as Iceland, Syria and Lebanon. In numerous successful engagements against Axis forces, British Empire troops invaded and occupied Libya, Italian Somaliland, Eritrea, Ethiopia, Iran and Iraq. The Empire funded and delivered critically needed supplies by Arctic convoys to the USSR at its most critical juncture, and supported Free French Forces to recapture French Equatorial Africa. They also established governments in exile, in London, to rally support within Occupied Europe for the allied effort. Using their pre-war strength the British Empire defeated, held back or slowed the Axis powers for 3 years while mobilizing its globally integrated economy and industrial infrastructure to build, what would become by 1942, the largest and most extensive military apparatus of the war. This allowed their later allies, such as the United States, to mobilise their own economies and develop the military forces required to play an instrumental role in the war effort, and for the British Empire itself to go on the offensive in its various theatres of operation. [1] [2]

First atomic bomb

The entry of the United States into the war in late 1941 delivered a massive injection of financial, human and industrial potential. As with the Commonwealth countries, the US was eventually able to produce far more than its own military forces required, and it armed both itself and its many allies. From nearly a standing start the US produced vast quantities of arms and munitions, for what was the most industrialized war in history.[3] In May 1940, Franklin D. Roosevelt stunned his nation by calling for the production of 185,000 aeroplanes, 120,000 tanks, 55,000 anti-aircraft guns and 18 million tons of merchant shipping, within two years. Adolf Hitler was reassured by his top advisors that this was impossible, and just an example of American propaganda. In 1939, total aircraft production for the US military had been less than 3,000 planes annually. By the end of the war, US factories produced 300,000 planes.[4][5] By 1944 the US had produced two-thirds of the Allied military equipment used in the war, and were bringing massive military forces into play in North and South America, the Caribbean, the Atlantic, Western Europe and the Pacific. The US continued to produce enormous quantities of military equipment right into late 1945, including nuclear weapons, at which point the United States became one of the strongest, and certainly the most technically advanced, military forces in the world.

File:Roza Shanina.jpg
Total war

The human and social cost of the war on the populations of the USSR were extraordinary. Military combat deaths alone numbered in the tens of millions. Recognising the fundamental importance of their population and industrial production to the war effort, the USSR evacuated the majority of its European territory, moving 2,500 factories, 17 million people and enormous quantities of resources to the east [6]. Far out of the reach of Germany the USSR was able to produce the equipment and forces critical to the eventual defeat of the Axis in Europe. Fighting for their very existence over 1,000,000 women also served in the armed forces. The social, economic and military mobilisation of the USSR against the Axis is one of the most compelling stories of the period.

Industrial arms production

The statistics below reveal the extent to which Allied powers out produced the Axis. Production of machine tools tripled. Thousands of ships were constructed in shipyards that didn't exist before the war. As William S. Knudsen observed, "We won because we smothered the enemy in an avalanche of production, the like of which he had never seen, nor dreamed possible."[7] Military production ebbs and flows in line with politics, social beliefs, shifting alliances, territorial expansion and contraction, military victories and defeats. State propaganda sustained working people with visions of victory and scared them with nightmares of defeat. Access to more resources, the ability to build up arms in relative peace, political control over working populations, and access to large international labour pools were critical to the eventual victory of the Allies. The story of World War Two is very much the story of the production of victory.

Production summaries 1938–1945

Our Answer All-Out Production, Canada, WWII Propaganda Poster.
Organize Labour Service Corps, Japan, WWII Propaganda Poster

Personnel

US propaganda during World War II, urging citizens to increase production.
File:Vichy War Production Propaganda.jpg
"At work in Germany you are an ambassador of French quality" Vichy France WWII propaganda poster


Service Allies Axis
Combat x x
Auxiliary x x
Merchant Marine x x
Irregulars x x
Total 80,000,000 30,000,000

Major weapons groups

System Allies Axis
Tanks, SPGs, Vehicles 4,358,649 670,288
Artillery, Mortars, Guns 6,792,696 1,363,491
Aircraft 637,248 229,331
Missiles 0 45,458
Ships 54,932 1,670
Nuclear Weapons 3 0

Economy

Allies Axis
GDP Int$ 12,321,000,000 Int$ 5,556,000,000
Expenditure

Vital commerce and raw materials

Category Allies Axis
Cargo ships 47,118 x
Merchant shipping 46,817,172 5,621,967
Coal 4,581,400,000 2,629,900,000
Crude oil 1,043,000,000 66,000,000
Steel 733,006,633 x
Aluminium 5,104,697 1,199,150
Asbestos 3,934,043 x

* Cargo and resources in metric tonnes

Production overview: service, power and type

Air forces

Power Total Fighters Attack Bombers Recon Transport Training Other Personnel
British Empire 177,025 38,786 33,811 38,158 7,014 12,585 46,256 415 1,927,395
USA and territories 324,000 99,000 0 97,000 0 23,000 57,000 0 2,400,000
USSR 136,223 22,301 37,549 21,116 0 17,332 4,061 0
Other
ALLIES 637,248 164,087 71,360 156,274 7,014 52,917 107,317 415
Germany and territories 133,387 57,653 8,991 28,577 5,025 8,396 14,311 11,361 3,402,200
Hungary 1,113 513 272 128 0 200 0 0
Italian Empire 13,402 6,157 34 3,381 388 2,471 968 3
Japanese Empire 71,580 26,548 21,639 13,839 3,709 1,073 3,420 1,376
Other 9,849 881 4 395 318 1,880 5,145 57
AXIS 229,338 91,752 30,936 46,320 11,002 9,176 22,944 12,794

Land Forces

Power Tanks & SPGs Armoured Vehicles Other Vehicles Artillery Mortars Machine Guns Personnel
British Empire 47,862 47,420 1,475,521 226,113 239,540 1,090,410 11,192,533
USA and territories 102,410 2,382,311 257,390 105,055 2,679,840 10,000,000
USSR 106,025 197,100 516,648 200,300 1,477,400
Other
ALLIES 256,297 47,420 4,054,932 1,000,151 544,895 5,247,650
Germany and territories 67,429 345,914 159,147 73,484 674,280 16,540,835
Hungary 908 447 4,583
Italian Empire 3,368 83,000 7,200 22,000
Japanese Empire 3,724 165,945 13,350 29,000 380,000
Other
AXIS
Power Total Large Ships Carriers Battle ships Cruisers Destroyers Frigates Corvettes Sloops Patrol Boats Submarines De/ Mining Landing craft Personnel
British Empire 6,771 36(24) 6 102 291 209 387 33 4,209 238 1,244 9,538 1,227,415
USA and territories 890 163(141) 8 48 349 245 35,000 x
USSR 2 2 25 52
Other
Allies 199(165) 16 152 665 209 387 33 4,209 568 1,244 44,538
Germany & territories 17 1,152 1,500,000
Italian Empire 3 6 6 63
Japanese Empire 16 2 9 63 199
Other
Axis ' ' ' ' ' ' ' 1,414
"Everything for the Front. Everything for Victory, USSR WWII propaganda poster
"I'm making bombs and buying bonds!-Buy Victory Bonds." Canada World War II propaganda poster.
"Work and Fight for your Country and Victory", Italy, WWII propaganda poster

Commercial forces

British Empire USA USSR Germany Hungary Italy Japan Romania
Harbour craft 1,092
Cargo 1,361
Cargo tonnage 12,823,942 33,993,230 1,469,606 4,152,361

Vital resources

Country Coal Iron Ore Crude Oil Steel Aluminium Nickel Zinc
!a -9999 -9999 -9999
USA 2,149.7 396.9 833.2
Britain[8] 1,441.2 119.2 90.8 3.700 0.205
Australia 83.1 1.56
India[9] 196.7 6.0 1.12
Canada 101.9 3.6 8.4 16.4 3.500[10]
New Zealand[11] 18
USSR 590.8 71.3 110.6 0.263[12] 0.069[13] 0.384[13]
Total Allied
Reich 2,420.3 240.7 33.4[14] 1.9[15] 0.046[15] 2.1[15]
Japan 184.5 21.0 5.2
Italy 16.9 4.4
Hungary 6.6 14.1 3.1
Romania 1.6 10.8 25.0
Total Axis
~z 99999999 99999999 99999999

All figures in millions of tonnes

See also: Swedish iron ore during World War II

Reference data for summary tables

The relationship in GDP between the major Allied and Axis powers 1938-1945

GDP

GDP provides insight into the relative strength of the belligerents in the run up to, and during the conflict.

Gross domestic product[16][17]
Country 1938 1939 1940 1941 1942 1943 1944 1945
Britain 284 287 316 344 353 361 346 331
Dominions 115 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Colonies 285 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
British Empire 684 287 316 344 353 361 346 331
France 186 199 82/82 130 116 110 93 101
Colonies 49 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
French Empire 235 199 82/82 130 116 110 93 101
USSR 359 366 417 359 274 305 362 343
USA & Territories 800 869 943 1,094 1,235 1,399 1,499 1,474
Germany 376 411 416 441 444 454 466 322
Occupied --- --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Greater Germany 376 411 416 441 444 454 466 322
Italy 141 151 147 144 145 137 117 92
Occupied 3 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Italian Empire 144 151 147 144 145 137 117 92
Japan 169 184 192 196 197 194 189 144
Occupied 63 --- --- --- --- --- --- ---
Japanese Empire 232 184 192 196 197 194 189 144
Allied Total: 919 486 398 1,927 1,978 2,065 2,207 2,341
Axis Total: 376 411 837 911 902 895 758 466
Allied/Axis GDP: 2.51 1.18 0.54 1.75 2.06 2.31 2.86 5.02

Table notes

  1. Billions of international dollars, at 1990 prices.
  2. Adjusted annually for changing compositions within each alliance.
  3. France to Axis: 1940:50% (light green), 1941-44:100% (brown)
  4. USSR to Allies: 1941:44% (light green), 1942-1945:100%.
  5. US to Allies begins with Lend Lease in March 1941
  6. Italy to Allies and Axis: 1938:0%, 1939-1943:100% Axis (brown), 1944-1945:100% Allies
  7. Japanese to Axis begins with Tripartite Pact in 1940
  8. The Allied and Axis totals are not the immediate sum of the table values; see the distribution rules used above.
  9. GDP ratio: A 2.06 ratio means combined Allied GDP was 2.06 times higher than Axis GDP.

Personnel - Allied - British Empire

Including all non-British subjects in British services.

Army Army (female) Navy Navy (female) Marines Air Force Air Force (female) Auxiliary Merchant Marine Partisans Total combat Other labour
Australia 727,703 24,026 36,976 3,000 0 124,007 27,000 4,500 942,712
Argentina vol 1,700 1,700 599 1 4,000
Bechuana 10,000 10,000
Belgium 42,300 1,200 1,900 45,770 370
Britain 3,300,000 210,309 865,000 74,000 78,500 1,208,000 181,909 1,500,000 185,000 7,602,718
B. Indian Ocean 6,500 6,500
Canada 705,374 25,251 99,822 7,100 222,501 27,123 82,163 18,000 1,187,334
Caymans 201 800 1001
China 10,000 10,000
Cyprus 30,000 30,000
Czech 4,000 2,000 6,000
East Africa 200,000 200,000
Egypt 100,000 100,000
Fiji 3,050 1,071 4,121
France 3,700 20 3,720
Greece 5,000 0 8,500 0 0 250 0 0 0 0 14,000
Guiana, British 32 10 42 0 0 33 0 48 0 0 196 31
Hong Kong 2,200 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 2,200
India 2,444,779 11,000 45,947 0 0 30,000 0 0 50,000 0 2,581,726 14,000,000
Ireland 70,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 70,000
Kenya 98,240 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 98,240
Luxembourg 80 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 80
Malaysia 1,500 0 1,450 0 0 0 0 3,215 0 4,800 10,965
Nepal 250,280 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 250,280
Netherlands 4,000 1,000 0 0 0 1000 0 0 0 0 6,000
Newfoundland 3,503 500 2,889 0 0 712 0 0 10,000 0 21,204 3,600
New Zealand 125,000 3,905 10,139 700 0 37,250 4,750 124,000 3,000 0 308,744
Nigeria 121,652 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 121,652
Norway 4,000 0 7,500 0 0 2,700 0 0 0 0 14,200
Palestine 5,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 5,000
Poland 215,000 0 4,000 0 0 20,000 0 0 0 0 239,000
Sudan 20,000 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 20,000
South Africa 334,000 0 13,269 280 75 0 12,000 0 0 0 359,624
Southern Africa 77,767 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 77,767
USA 0 0 0 0 0 8,000 0 0 0 0 8,000
West Africa 200,000 0 0 0 0 10,000 0 0 0 0 210,000
West Indies 10,000 0 40000 0 0 5,560 80 0 0 0 55,640
British Empire 9,122,660 276,001 1,142,335 85,080 78,575 1,674,532 252,863 1,710,497 281,300 4,800 14,692,644 14,004,001

Note:

  1. Auxiliary units include Home Guard, Reserves, Police regiments, etc

Personnel - Axis - German Reich

Including all non-German subjects in German services.

Army Army (female) Navy Navy (female) Marines Air Force Air Force (female) Auxiliary Merchant marine Partisans Total combat Other labour
Albania 9,000 9,000
Arab legion 20,000 20,000
Belgium 22,000 22,000
British Empire 1,500 1,500
Bulgaria 700 7000
Croatia 55,500 500 400 32,000 88,400
Czech
Denmark 12,000 12,000
Finland vol 2,500 2,500
France & Ter 8,000 4,500 5,080 17,580 348,500
Germany & Ter 14,793200 1,500,000 3,400,000 19,693,200
Greece 22,000 22,000
Hungary 40,000 40,000
India 2,000 2,000
Italy 18,000 18,000
Luxembourg 12,035 12,035
Netherlands 45,000 45,000
Norway 50,000 1,500 1,500 53,000
Poland 75,000 45,000 120,000
Portugal 200 200
Romania 55,000 55,000
Serbia 10,000 10,000
Slovakia
Slovenia 6,000 6,000
Spain 47,000 47,000
Sweden 300 300
Switzerland 800 800
USA 20 20
USSR 1,051,000 300 100,000 1,151,300
German Reich 16,336,755 1,506,500 3,402,200 204,080 21,449,535 348,000

Note:

  1. Auxiliary units include Home Guard, Wehrmachtsgefolge, Reserves, Police regiments, etc
  2. USSR includes Armenia 4k SS,14k Wehr, 7k Aux; Azerbaijan 55k SS, 70k Wehr; Belarus 12k Wehr, 20k Aux; Cossack 200k Wehr; Estonia 20k SS, 50k Wehr, 7k Aux; Georgia 10k SS; 30k Wehr; Kalmyk 5k Wehr; Latvia 55k SS; 87k Wehr, 300 Air, 23k Aux; Lithuania 50k Wehr, 10 Aux; North Caucuses 4k SS; Russia 60k SS, 26k Wehr; Turkestan 16k Wehr; Ukrainian 300k Wehr; 2k Aux; Tatar/Urals 12k Wehr

Aircraft - Allied - British Empire

Australian World War II propaganda poster
Fighters Australia Britain Canada India NZ SA Total
Blenheim[note 1] 5,519 626 6,145
Boomerang 250 250
Brigand 14 14
Defiant 1,065 1065
Firebrand 230 230
Firefly 1,702 1,702
Fulmar 600 600
Gladiator 368 368
Hornet 197 197
Meteor 250 250
Mohawk IV 5 5
Mustang 200 18
Roc 136 136
Seafire 2,334 2,334
Sea Gladiator 60 60
Spitfire 20,351 20,351[18]
Tempest 1,702 1,702
Vampire 244 244
Welkin 77 77
Whirlwind[note 2] 116 116
450 37,705 626 5 38,786
Attack Australia Britain Canada India NZ SA
Beaufighter 364 5,564 5,928
Helldiver 1,134 1,134
Hurricane[note 3] 14,231 1,451 15,682
Mosquito 212 6,199 1,134 7,545
Skua 192 192
Typhoon 3,330 3,330
576 29,516 3,719 33,811
Bomber Australia Britain Canada India NZ SA
Albacore 800 800
Barracuda 2,607 2,607
Beaufort 700 1,429 2,129
Buckingham 119 119
Halifax 6,178 6,178
Hampden 1,270 160 1,430
Hereford 152 152
Lancaster 7307 430 7,377
Lincoln 73 530 1 604
Manchester 202 202
Stirling 2,383 2,383
Swordfish 2,396 2,396
Wellington 11,461 11,461
Whitely 1,780 1,780
773 36,794 591 38,158
Reconnaissance
& patrol 		Australia Britain Canada India NZ SA
Auster 1,800 1,800
Bolingbroke 676 626
Bombay 51 51
Botha 580 580
Cub 150 150
Lerwick 21 21
Osprey 9 9
PBV Canso 272 721 993
Sea Otter 292 292
Seaford 10 10
Shark 17 17
Stranraer 17 40 57
Sunderland 767 767
Walrus 746 746
Warwick 845 845
5,410 1604 7,014
Transport Aus Britain Can India NZ SA
Aerovan 52 52
Albatross 7 7
Albemarle 602 602
CAC Gliders 8 8
Delta 19 19
DHA-G1/G2 8 8
Dragon 87 87
Dragon Rapide 474 474
Short Empire 42 42
Ensign 15 15
Flamingo 14 14
50 Freighter 5 5
Hamilcar 412 412
Hengist 18 18
Horsa 5,000 5,000
Hotspur 1,015 1,015
Lancastrian 82 6 82
Lysander 1,445 225 1,670
Messenger 93 93
Monarch 11 11
Monitor 22 22
Norseman 861 861
S.26 3 3
Whitley 1,814 1,814
York 259 1 259
Other
103 11,380 1,117 12,600
TRAINING Aus Britain Can India NZ SA
Anson 8,488 3,197 11,685
Battle[note 4] 2,201
Buckmaster 112
Cornell (PT-19/26) 1,642
Don 30
Finch 606
Fort 101
Harlow PC-5 5 50
Harvard 3,985
Magister 1,303
Martinet 1,724
Master 3,250
Mentor 45
Moth Minor 100
Oxford 8,586
Proctor 1,143
Tiger Moth 1,080 5,738 1,748 150 8,716
Tipsey B 15
Wackett 202
Wirraway 755
2,037 32,735 11,284 50 150 46,256
OTHER Australia Canada Britain India NZ SA Empire
Prototypes 2 3 61
Other 10 339
2 13 400 415
TOTAL 'x x x x x x x

Aircraft - Axis - All

Occupied countries produced weapons for the Axis powers. Figures are for the period of occupation only.

Fighters Belgium Bulgaria Czech Netherlands Finland France Germany Hungary Italy Japan Poland Romania Yugoslavia Total
A6M 10,939
AR240 14
B-135 12
B-534 78
Ba 349 rocket 36
Bf 109 33,142 309 33,984
C.200/202/205 2,766
CR 25 12
CR 42 1,782
D.520 180
Do 17 1,719 70 1,789
Do 335 37
Fc 20 6
Fk 52 6
Fw 190 20,000
G.50 666
G.55 305
He 100 25
He 112 60
He 162 jet 320
He 219 300
IAR 80 346
IK-3 12
J1N 479
J2M 621
Ki-10 283
Ki-27 3,399
Ki-44 1,227
Ki-61 3,159
Ki-84 3,514
Ki-100 395
Ki-102 238
MB.150 35
Me 163 rocket 370 7 377
Me 262 jet 1,430
MXY7 852
N1K 1,435
P24 25 25 50
Re.2000-2005 204 531 735
Ro.57 75
SAI.207 14
Ta 152/154 200
VL Myrsky 51
VL Pyry 41
Total 90 6 92 215 57,653 513 6,157 26,548 25 371 82 91,752
ATTACK Belgium Bulgaria Czech Dutch Finland France Germany Italy Japan Hungary Poland Romania Yugoslavia
A.304 4
A6M2-N 327
Ba.65/88 367
Ca 309-314 1342
D3A 1,486
He 115 138
Hs 129 865
Ju 87 6,500
Ki-27 3,368
Ki-30 704
Ki-43 5,919
Ki-45 1,701
Ki-48 1,997
Ki-51 2,385
Ki-84 3,514
Ki-102 238
Me 210 400 272 672
Me 410 1,189
SM 85 34
Total 4 9,092 34 21,639 272 30,903
BOMBERS Belgium Bulgaria Czech Dutch Finland France Germany Hungary Italy Japan Poland Romania Yugoslavia
Ar 234 210
B5N 0 1,149
B6N 0 1,268
B7A 0 114
B.R.20 0 602
Ca.135 140
D4Y 2,038
Do 22 30 0 0
Do 17Z 420 0 0
Do 215 112 0 0
Do 217 1025 0 0
Fi 167 14 0 0
Fw 200 276 0 0
G3M 0 0 1,048
G4M 0 0 2,435
He 111 7,300 0 0
He 177 1,190 0 0
IAR 37 0 0 0 380
Ju 88/188/388 16,517 0 0
Ki-21 0 0 2,064
Ki-32 0 0 854
Ki-49 0 0 819
Ki-67/109 0 0 767
M6A 0 0 28
P.108 35 0 0
P1Y 0 1,102
Q1W 0 153
S.M.79 1,350
S.M.84 309
TV 15
WM-21 128
Z.506B 320
Z. 1007 660
Total 15 27,129 128 3,381 13,839 380 44,872

See also

References

  1. ^ The majority of Blenheims were built as light bombers
  2. ^ changed to ground attack role during war
  3. ^ up to 1942 the Hurricane was chiefly used as a fighter aircraft
  4. ^ Initially used as light bomber eg during Battle of France

Notes

  1. ^ History of the Second World War (104 volumes), Her Majesty's Stationary Office, London 1949 to 1993
  2. ^ http://rethinkinghistory.blogspot.ca/2010/09/mythology-of-british-weakness-in-second.html
  3. ^ Herman, Arthur. Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, p. IX, Random House, New York, NY, 2012. ISBN 978-1-4000-6964-4.
  4. ^ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, p. 7, Cypress, CA, 2013. ISBN 978-0-9897906-0-4.
  5. ^ Wrynn, V. Dennis. Forge of Freedom: American Aircraft Production in World War II, pp. 4-5, Motorbooks International, Osceola, WI, 1995. ISBN 0-7603-0143-3.
  6. ^ Kumanev, G.A., War and the evacuation of the USSR: 1941-1942, New Age, 2006
  7. ^ Parker, Dana T. Building Victory: Aircraft Manufacturing in the Los Angeles Area in World War II, pp. 5, 7, Cypress, CA, 2013. ISBN 978-0-9897906-0-4.
  8. ^ Mitchell, B.R. British Historical Statistics, 1988
  9. ^ http://www.teindia.nic.in/mhrd/50yrsedu/15/8P/82/8P820T03.htm
  10. ^ Dialogue on Aluminium 110 years of history in Canada approximation
  11. ^ Baker The New Zealand People at War: War Economy 1965
  12. ^ Lend Lease as a Function of the Soviet war Economy
  13. ^ a b Accounting for War: Soviet Production, Employment and the Defense Burden, 1940-1945 Mark Harrison, 1996
  14. ^ Including 23.4 synthetic.
  15. ^ a b c Volume 3 -The Effects of Strategic Bombing on the German War Economy 1940-1944 only, retrieved June 8, 2014
  16. ^ "Comparison of GDP adjusted for actual yearly shared contribution to war efforts after Zuljan, Ralph, Allied and Axis GDP from "Articles On War" at OnWar.com (2003). Retrieved June 8, 2014".
  17. ^ Harrison, 1998
  18. ^ Ethell, Jeffrey L. and Steve Pace. Spitfire. St. Paul, Minnesota: Motorbooks International, 1997. ISBN 0-7603-0300-2. p117

Table Data

Personnel -Allied - British Empire

This includes all British and non-British subjects serving within British Empire forces.

Personnel - Axis

This includes all German and non-German subjects serving within German Reich forces.

Aircraft - Allied

Aircraft - Allied - Other

  • Fo.108 (12)
  • GAL Cygnet(10)
  • GAL Monospar ST-25(30)
  • Hawker Henley (200)
  • Hawker Sea Fury(10)
  • Maple Leaf Trainer II (10)
  • Miles M15 (2)
  • Miles M18 (3)
  • Miles Mercury (6)
  • Percival Petrel (27)
  • Percival Vega Gull (~20)
  • Supermarine Spiteful (19)

Aircraft - Allied - Protoypes

Aircraft - Axis

  • Italy
  • Dressel and Griehl 1994
  • Encyclopeadia of weapons of World War Two
  • Francillon 1970
  • The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft, 1985
  • Jane's 1989
  • Mondey 1996
  • Smith and Anthony ?

Raw materials

  • The Mineral Industry of the British Empire and Foreign Countries, Statistical Summary 1938-1944, The Imperial Institute, HMSO, 1948
  • The Mineral Industry of the British Empire and Foreign Countries, Statistical Summary 1941-1947, The Imperial Institute, HMSO, 1949

Official histories

  • History of the Second World War (104 volumes), Her Majesty's Stationary Office, London 1949 to 1993
  • Official History of Australia in the War of 1939–1945 (22 volumes), Australian Government Printing Service, 1952 to 1977
  • Official History of the Canadian Army in the Second World War, Vol I Six Years of War, Stacey, C P., Queen's Printer, Ottawa, 1955
  • Official History of the Indian Armed Forces in the Second World War 1939-45 (24 volumes), Combined Inter-Services Historical Section, India & Pakistan, New Dehli, 1956-1966
  • Official History of New Zealand in the Second World War 1939–45, Historical Publications Branch, Wellington, New Zealand, 1965

Bibliography

  • Ailsby, Christopher, Hitler's Renegades: Foreign Nationals in the Service of the Third Reich (Photographic Histories), Potomac Books, 2004
  • Barnett, Correlli, The audit of war : the illusion & reality of Britain as a great nation, Macmillan, 1986
  • Barnes, C.H.; James D.N. Shorts Aircraft since 1900, London, Putnam, 1989
  • Bishop, Chris, The Encyclopaedia of Weapons of World War II, Sterling Publishing, 2002
  • Bowyer, Michael J.F. Aircraft for the Royal Air Force: The "Griffon" Spitfire, The Albemarle Bomber and the Shetland Flying-Boat, London, Faber & Faber, 1980
  • Boyd, David, Wartime Production by the Commonwealth during WWII in World War Two Equipment, 2009
  • Butler, Tony. British Secret Projects: Fighters and Bombers 1935–1950. Hinckley, UK: Midland Publishing, 2004
  • Canada at War, "The Canadian War Industry", http://www.canadaatwar.ca/content-17/world-war-ii/canadian-war-industry/
  • Dressel, Joachim and Manfred Griehl. Bombers of the Luftwaffe. London: DAG Publications, 1994
  • Flint, Keith, Airborne Armour: Tetrarch, Locust, Hamilcar and the 6th Airborne Armoured Reconnaissance Regiment 1938-1950. Helion & Company Ltd., 2006
  • Francillon, René J., Japanese Aircraft of the Pacific War, London, Putnam, 1970
  • Gregg, W.A ed., Canada’s Fighting Vehicles Europe 1943-1945, Canadian Military Historical Society, 1980
  • Green, William. War Planes of The Second World War:Volume Seven - Bombers and Reconnaissance Aircraft. London: Macdonald, 1967
  • Harrison, Mark, "The Economics of World War II: Six Great Powers in International Comparison", Cambridge University Press, 1998
  • Herman, Arthur. Freedom's Forge: How American Business Produced Victory in World War II, Random House, New York, 2012
  • The Illustrated Encyclopedia of Aircraft (Part Work 1982-1985). London: Orbis Publishing, 1985
  • Jackson, A.J., De Havilland Aircraft since 1909 (Third ed.), London, Putnam, 1987
  • Jane's Fighting Aircraft of World War II, London, Studio Editions Ltd, 1989
  • "Les luxembourgeois de la Brigade Piron". Armee.lu. Retrieved 29 June 2013
  • Long, Jason, Lend Lease as a Function of the Soviet war Economy, http://www.sturmvogel.orbat.com/SovLendLease.html/ Retrieved June 12, 2014
  • Mason, Francis K. The British Bomber since 1914, London: Putnam Aeronautical Books, 1994
  • Milward, Alan S., War, economy, and society, 1939-1945, University of California Press, 1979
  • Morgan, Eric B. "Albemarle" in Twentyfirst Profile, Volume 1, No. 11. New Milton, Hants, UK: 21st Profile Ltd.
  • Munoz, A.J., For Croatia and Christ: The Croatian Army in World War II 1941–1945, Axis Europa Books,NY, 1996
  • Mondey, David. The Concise Guide to Axis Aircraft of World War II. New York: Bounty Books, 1996
  • Ness, Leland, Jane's World War II Tanks and Fighting Vehicles, The Complete Guide, Harper Collins, 2002
  • Otway, Lieutenant-Colonel T.B.H. The Second World War 1939-1945 Army: Airborne Forces. London: Imperial War Museum, 1990
  • Overy, Richard, Why the Allies Won (Paperback), W. W. Norton & Company, 1997
  • Scientia Militaria, South African Journal of Military Studies, http://scientiamilitaria.journals.ac.za
  • Smith, J.R. and Anthony L. Kay. German Aircraft of the Second World War. London: Putnam and Company Ltd.,
  • Swanborough, Gordon. British Aircraft at War, 1939-1945. East Sussex, UK: HPC Publishing, 1997
  • Tapper, Oliver. Armstrong Whitworth Aircraft since 1913. London: Putnam, 1988
  • Tomasevich, Jozo, War and Revolution in Yugoslavia, 1941–1945: Occupation and Collaboration 2. San Francisco: Stanford University Press, 2001
  • Veterans Affairs Canada, "Canadian Production of War Materials", http://www.veterans.gc.ca/eng/remembrance/history/second-world-war/historical-sheets/material
  • Wilson, Stewart, Aircraft of WWII, 1998
  • Wrynn, V. Dennis. Forge of Freedom: American Aircraft Production in World War II, Motorbooks International, Osceola, WI, 1995
  • Zuljan, Ralph, "Allied and Axis GDP" in Articles On War, http://www.onwar.com/articles/0302.htm, OnWar.com (2003)
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