Nellie Fox

Nellie Fox
Fox in 1960
Second baseman
Born: (1927-12-25)December 25, 1927 St. Thomas Township, Pennsylvania
Died: December 1, 1975(1975-12-01) (aged 47) Baltimore, Maryland
Batted: Left Threw: Right
debut
June 8, 1947, for the Philadelphia Athletics
Last appearance
July 24, 1965, for the Houston Astros
Career statistics
Batting average	.288
Hits	2,663
Home runs	35
Runs batted in	790
Teams
Philadelphia Athletics (1947–1949) Chicago White Sox (1950–1963) Houston Colt .45s/Astros (1964–1965)
Career highlights and awards
15× All-Star (1951–1961², 1963) AL MVP (1959) 3× Gold Glove Award (1957, 1959, 1960) Chicago White Sox #2 retired
[[{{{hoflink}}}|Member of the {{{hoftype}}}]]
[[{{{hoflink}}}|Baseball Hall of Fame]]
Induction	1997
Vote	Veterans Committee

Jacob Nelson "Nellie" Fox (December 25, 1927 – December 1, 1975) was an American professional baseball player. Fox was one of the best second basemen, and the third most difficult hitter to strike out in Major League Baseball (MLB) history. He played for the Philadelphia Athletics, Chicago White Sox, and Houston Astros, from 1947 through 1965.

Fox was an American League (AL) All-Star for twelve seasons, an AL Most Valuable Player (MVP) for one season, and an AL Gold Glove winner for three seasons. He had a MLB career .288 batting average, 2663 hits, 35 home runs, and 790 runs batted in. He hit .300 or more six-times, and led the AL in singles eight-times (7 consecutive seasons) and in fielding average six-times as second baseman. In 1959, he hit .306 with 149 singles and 70 RBI, and helped the "Go Go" White Sox win the American League Pennant championship. He also coached for the Houston Astros and Texas Rangers after his playing career. Fox was inducted into the National Baseball Hall of Fame in 1997.

Early years

Fox was born on Christmas Day 1927 in St. Thomas Township, Pennsylvania, a rural area in the south central portion of Pennsylvania. He was the youngest of three sons born to a carpenter who grew up on a farm and liked to play town baseball at St. Thomas. Despite his short stature, with the help of his father, he distinguished himself as a baseball player at a young age, even playing with his father on their St. Thomas team.

Fox at age 16 in 1944, thought that he had a good chance to sign on with a professional baseball team due to player shortages from World War II. His mother wrote a letter on her son's behalf to Connie Mack the owner/manager of the Philadelphia Athletics which enabled him to attend an open tryout that spring for the Athletics in Frederick, Maryland. Fox caught the attention of Mack who signed him to a professional contract.

Professional baseball

Minor leagues

Fox started his professional baseball career with the Lancaster team of the Pennsylvania Interstate League and the Jamestown Falcons where he hit .314. He played a range of infield and outfield positions, ultimately settling at second base. He came back with Lancaster in 1945 and was known as the best second baseman in the league. The Philadelphia Athletics bought his contract that year, but Fox did not get to play for them because he was called to service and was stationed in Korea in 1946.

Major leagues

Nellie Fox in 1953

Fox's major league career began in 1947 when he started to play for the Philadelphia Athletics, but he played mostly in the minor leagues, appearing in a total of ten MLB games in 1948 and 1949. In 1949, the Philadelphia Athletics set a major league team record of 217 double plays, a record which still stood as of 2012. Fox appeared in 88 of the Athletics games that season, and contributed to 68 of the team's double plays.

Fox's career took off after he was traded to the Chicago White Sox for Joe Tipton on October 29, 1949. He spent the next 14 seasons with the Sox, making 12 AL All-Star teams and 15 of 16 AL All-Star Game selections beginning in 1951 (two All-Star games were played in 1959 through 1962) when he batted .313. The White Sox finished in third place in each season between 1952 and 1956, followed by second-place finishes in 1957 and 1958 (Baseball-Reference.com lists Billy Pierce and Minnie Minoso as the top White Sox players during most of those years, as reflected by wins above replacement (WAR), but Fox had the team's highest WAR in 1957).

1959 season

Fox's best season came in 1959, when he received the AL Most Valuable Player award and the White Sox won their first AL pennant championship in 40 years. He batted .306, had an on-base percentage of .380, and led the AL in singles. He also started and had four hits in two All-Star games and won his second Gold Glove. The Al Lopez-managed White Sox had the best record in baseball, going 94-60 to finish five games ahead of the Cleveland Indians and a surprising 15 ahead of the New York Yankees. It was one of just two seasons the Yankees did not win the pennant between 1949-1964.

In the World Series, Fox batted a team-high .375 with three doubles, but the Sox lost to the Los Angeles Dodgers in six games. In Game 5, Fox scored the only run when Sherm Lollar hit into a double play in the fourth inning (this was only the second time that a World Series game did not have an RBI). It was Fox's only postseason experience, and the White Sox did not make it back to the World Series until they swept the 2005 World Series from the Houston Astros.

Later seasons

Fox played his final two seasons (1964–65) with the Houston Colt .45s and Astros. Joe Morgan later said that he looked up to Fox's example as a rookie with the Astros; Fox and Morgan were both diminutive second basemen. Morgan grew up hitting with a Nellie Fox model bat, which had a large barrel and large handle. With the Astros, Fox convinced Morgan to switch to a bat with a thin handle to leverage his power.

Fox was 5-foot-9, he made up for his modest size and minimal power — he hit only 35 home runs in his career, and never more than six in a single season — with his good batting eye, excellent fielding, and baserunning speed. Fox was perennially one of the toughest batters to strike out, fanning just 216 times in his career, an average of once every 42.7 at-bats which ranks him 3rd all-time. He led the league in most at-bats per strikeouts a phenomenal 13 times in his career. A solid contact hitter (lifetime .288 batting average), he batted over .300 six times, with 2,663 hits, 355 doubles, and 112 triples. He also led the league in singles for seven straight years, in triples once, and in hits four times.

Defensive skills

Fox was one of the best second basement in the major leagues. He played next to a pair of slick-fielding White Sox shortstops from Venezuela, Chico Carrasquel (1950–55) and Luis Aparicio (1956–62). He was the first major league Gold Glove Award winner for a second baseman in 1957, and he received two more Gold Glove awards in 1959 and 1960. Between August 1956 and September 1960, Fox played a major-league record 798 consecutive games at second base. In 1959 and 1960, the Aparicio-Fox middle infield duo won two Gold Gloves twice for their respective positions, starting a select list of eight shortstop-second baseman combinations who have both won Gold Gloves in the same season.

Fox led the league's second basemen in defensive games played each season between 1952 and 1959. He also led second basemen in putouts between 1952 and 1961, and in assists several times during his career. Fox finished among the top five second basemen in fielding percentage every year between 1950 and 1964, and currently ranks second in career double plays as a second baseman.

Coaching seasons

Fox was a coach for the Houston Astros (1965–67) and the Washington Senators/Texas Rangers (1968–72). In the late 1960s, Fox appeared to have a chance to manage the Senators when Jim Lemon's post came open following the team's purchase by Bob Short. However, around the same time the Washington Redskins named Vince Lombardi as their football coach, so Short felt pressure to hire a manager with a very well-known name and selected Ted Williams for the position.

Death

Fox lived in Chambersburg, Pennsylvania. He co-owned and managed Nellie Fox Bowl (he opened it in 1956) in Chambersberg after retiring from baseball. He died of skin cancer in Baltimore, Maryland on December 1, 1975 after it had been diagnosed in 1973 and the summer of 1975 (lympathic cancer), and after he had entered the Baltimore Cancer Research Center at the University of Maryland Medical Center in October 1975.

Legacy

Nellie Fox's number 2 was retired by the Chicago White Sox in 1976.

Jim Lemon, who played for the White Sox with Fox in 1963, said that Fox's cancer "had to be incurable - because if it wasn't, Nellie would have beat it." Former White Sox manager Al Lopez described how Fox had found success through hard work rather than natural ability: "He wasn't fast and didn't have an arm, but he worked hard to develop what he needed to make himself a good all-around ballplayer. If you had eight Nellie Foxes, all with his spirit and determination, I think you'd have a winning team." On May 1, 1976, Fox's uniform number 2 was retired by the White Sox; he was the second of nine White Sox players to have his uniform number retired.

Fox was not selected to the Hall of Fame in his initial period of eligibility. In his final ballot cast by baseball writers in 1985, he gained 74.7 percent of the vote, just shy of the 75 percent (traditionally baseball percentages were rounded off) required for election by the Baseball Writers Association of America. However, in 1997, the Hall of Fame's Veterans Committee elected him. He had the required 75% of the committee's vote in 1996, but the committee was allowed to vote in only one former MLB player; Jim Bunning was inducted after receiving one more vote than Fox. Prior to his Hall of Fame election, a group of fans formed the Nellie Fox Society to promote his case for induction. The group grew to as many as 600 members, including Richard M. Daley, James R. Thompson, George Will and several former MLB players.

In 2001, a Pennsylvania state historical marker was dedicated to honor Fox. Bronze statues of Fox and Aparicio were unveiled on the outfield concourse of U.S. Cellular Field in 2006. Fox's statue depicts him flipping a baseball toward Aparicio, while Aparicio is depicted as preparing to receive the ball from Fox.

See also

• List of major league players with 2,000 hits
• List of Major League Baseball players with 100 triples
• List of Major League Baseball players with 1000 runs
• List of Major League Baseball triples champions
• MLB consecutive games played streaks

External links

• Nellie Fox at the Baseball Hall of Fame
• Nellie Fox at Find a Grave
• Career statistics and player information from Baseball Reference, or Fangraphs, or Baseball Reference (Minors)
• Baseball Library
• Nellie Fox at the SABR Baseball Biography Project , by Robert W. Bigelow and Don Zminda, Retrieved July 11, 2013., which originally appeared in the book Go-Go To Glory--The 1959 Chicago White Sox (Skokie, IL: ACTA Publishing, 2009), edited by Don Zminda.