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General [[Douglas MacArthur]] as Supreme Commander in the [[South West Pacific Area (command)|South West Pacific Area]], led the Allied forces. MacArthur was based in [[Melbourne]], [[Brisbane]] and [[Manila]]. The Japanese [[Japanese Eighth Area Army|8th Area Army]], under General [[Hitoshi Imamura]], was responsible for both the New Guinea and [[Solomon Islands campaign]]s. Imamura was based at Rabaul. The [[Japanese Eighteenth Army|Japanese 18th Army]], under Lieutenant General [[Hatazō Adachi]], was responsible for Japanese operations on mainland New Guinea.
General [[Douglas MacArthur]] as Supreme Commander in the [[South West Pacific Area (command)|South West Pacific Area]], led the Allied forces. MacArthur was based in [[Melbourne]], [[Brisbane]] and [[Manila]]. The Japanese [[Japanese Eighth Area Army|8th Area Army]], under General [[Hitoshi Imamura]], was responsible for both the New Guinea and [[Solomon Islands campaign]]s. Imamura was based at Rabaul. The [[Japanese Eighteenth Army|Japanese 18th Army]], under Lieutenant General [[Hatazō Adachi]], was responsible for Japanese operations on mainland New Guinea.
{{Campaignbox New Guinea}}
{{Campaignbox South West Pacific}}
{{Campaignbox Pacific 1941}h]]]]


==Major battles and sub-campaigns==
==Major battles and sub-campaigns==

Revision as of 05:38, 7 July 2015

New Guinea Campaign
Part of the Pacific Theater of World War II

7 January 1943. Australian forces attack Japanese positions near Buna. Members of the 2/12th Infantry Battalion advance as Stuart tanks from the 2/6th Armoured Regiment attack Japanese pillboxes. An upward-firing machine gun on the tank sprays treetops to clear them of snipers. (Photographer: George Silk).
Date23 January 1942 – August 1945
Location
New Guinea
Result Allied victory
Belligerents

 United States
 Australia


 Netherlands
 New Zealand
 United Kingdom

 Empire of Japan
Commanders and leaders
Douglas MacArthur
George Brett
George Kenney
Arthur S. Carpender
Herbert F. Leary
Charles A. Lockwood
Thomas Blamey		 Empire of Japan Hitoshi Imamura
Empire of Japan Hatazō Adachi
Empire of Japan Heisuke Abe †[N 1]
Casualties and losses
4,000+ causalities 28,000 causalities

The New Guinea campaign of the Pacific War lasted from January 1942 until the end of the war in August 1945. In the initial phase in 1942, the Empire of Japan invaded the Australian-administered territories of the New Guinea Mandate (23 January) and Papua (8 March) and overran western New Guinea (beginning 29/30 March), which was a part of the Netherlands East Indies. In the second phase, the Allies cleared the Japanese first from Papua, then the Mandate and finally from the Dutch colony.

New Guinea was strategically important because it was a major landmass to the immediate north of Australia. Its large land area provided locations for large land, air and naval bases.[citation needed]

The campaign between Allied and Japanese forces commenced with the Japanese assault on Rabaul on 23 January 1942. Rabaul became the forward base for the Japanese campaigns in mainland New Guinea, including the pivotal Kokoda Track campaign of July 1942 – January 1943, and the Battle of Buna-Gona. Fighting in some parts of New Guinea continued until the war ended in August 1945.

General Douglas MacArthur as Supreme Commander in the South West Pacific Area, led the Allied forces. MacArthur was based in Melbourne, Brisbane and Manila. The Japanese 8th Area Army, under General Hitoshi Imamura, was responsible for both the New Guinea and Solomon Islands campaigns. Imamura was based at Rabaul. The Japanese 18th Army, under Lieutenant General Hatazō Adachi, was responsible for Japanese operations on mainland New Guinea.

Major battles and sub-campaigns

22 April 1944. US LVTs (Landing Vehicles Tracked) in the foreground head for the invasion beaches at Humboldt Bay, Netherlands New Guinea, during the Hollandia landing as the cruisers USS Boise (firing tracer shells, right center) and USS Phoenix bombard the shore. (Photographer: Tech 4 Henry C. Manger.)
Two dead Japanese soldiers in a water filled shell hole somewhere in New Guinea

See also

Notes

  1. ^ 1886-1943, Died after suffering from Dracunculiasis.[1]

References

  1. ^ Biography of Lieutenant-General Heisuke Abe - (阿部平輔) - (あべ へいすけ) (1886 – 1943), Japan. Generals.dk. Retrieved on 2013-09-18.

Further reading

  • Dexter, David (1961). Volume VI – The New Guinea Offensives. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 16 December 2006.
  • Drea, Edward J. (1998). In the Service of the Emperor: Essays on the Imperial Japanese Army. Nebraska: University of Nebraska Press. ISBN 0-8032-1708-0. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Gailey, Harry A. (2004). MacArthur's Victory: The War In New Guinea 1943–1944. New York: Random House. ISBN. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Leary, William M. (2004). We Shall Return!: MacArthur's Commanders and the Defeat of Japan, 1942–1945. University Press of Kentucky. ISBN 0-8131-9105-X. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • McCarthy, Dudley (1959). Volume V – South–West Pacific Area – First Year: Kokoda to Wau. Australia in the War of 1939–1945. Canberra: Australian War Memorial. Retrieved 16 December 2006.
  • Taafe, Stephen R. (2006). MacArthur's Jungle War: The 1944 New Guinea Campaign. Lawrence, Kansas, U.S.A.: University Press Of Kansas. ISBN 0-7006-0870-2. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameter: |coauthors= (help)
  • Zaloga, Steven J. Japanese Tanks 1939–45. Osprey, 2007. ISBN 978-1-84603-091-8.
  • Hungerford, T.A.G. (1952). The Ridge and the River. Sydney: Angus & Robertson. Republished by Penguin, 1992; ISBN 0-14-300174-4.
  • Nelson, Hank. "Report on Historical Sources on Australia and Japan at war in Papua and New Guinea, 1942–45". Retrieved 13 December 2006. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help)
  • The Campaigns of MacArthur in the Pacific, Volume I. Reports of General MacArthur. United States Army Center of Military History. Retrieved 8 December 2006. {{cite book}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help)
  • "Japanese Operations in the Southwest Pacific Area, Volume II – Part I". Reports of General MacArthur. United States Army Center of Military History. Retrieved 8 December 2006. {{cite web}}: Cite has empty unknown parameters: |coauthors= and |month= (help) Translation of the official record by the Japanese Demobilization Bureaux detailing the Imperial Japanese Army and Navy's participation in the Southwest Pacific area of the Pacific War.
  • Anderson, Charles R. Papua. World War II Campaign Brochures. Washington D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 72-7.
  • Drea, Edward J. Papua. World War II Campaign Brochures. Washington D.C.: United States Army Center of Military History. CMH Pub 72-9.
  • I. C. B. Dear; M. R. D. Foot, eds. (2001). "New Guinea campaign". The Oxford Companion to World War II. Oxford University Press. ISBN 9780198604464.
  • Japanese Research Division (1950). Sumatra Invasion and Southwest Area Naval Mopping-Up Operations, January 1942 – May 1942. Japanese Monographs, No. 79A. General Headquarters Far East Command, Foreign Histories Division.
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