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1993 marked the first year that the producers of ''The Simpsons'' did not submit episodes for the "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour)]]".<ref name="Jean"/> Prior to this season, the series had only been allowed to compete in the animation category, but in early 1993 the rules were changed so that animated television shows would be able to submit nominations in the "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series|Outstanding Comedy Series]]" category.<ref>{{cite news |title=`Simpsons' get Emmy 's respect&nbsp;— Academy lets series drop cartoon status to compete as sitcom |date=1993-02-02 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=B4 |publisher=[[Austin American-Statesman]] |first=Diane |last=Holloway}}</ref> The producers submitted "[[A Streetcar Named Marge]]" and "[[Mr. Plow]]" but the Emmy voters were hesitant to pit cartoons against live action programs, and ''The Simpsons'' did not receive a nomination.<ref name="Jean">{{cite video |people=Jean, Al |date=2004 |title=The Simpsons season 4 DVD commentary for the episode "[[Mr. Plow]]" |medium=DVD |publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref> Several critics saw the show's failure to gain a nomination as one of the biggest snubs of that year.<ref>{{cite news |title=CBS, `Northern Exposure' lead Emmy nominations |date=1993-07-23 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=B4 |publisher=[[Austin American-Statesman]] |first=Diane |last=Holloway}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Some Hits&nbsp;— and Misses&nbsp;— Emmy List Has Notable Omissions |date=1993-07-23 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=35 |publisher=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |first=Ginny |last=Holbert}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Emmy selections go from horrible ('92) to terrible ('93) |date=1993-07-23 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=L44 |publisher=[[Los Angeles Daily News]] |first=Ray |last=Richmond}}</ref> [[Dan Castellaneta]] was awarded an Emmy for "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance|Outstanding Voice-Over Performance]]".<ref name="Emmys">{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.org/awards/awardsearch.php |title=Primetime Emmy Awards Advanced Search |publisher=Emmys.org |accessdate=2008-01-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215195726/http://www.emmys.org/awards/awardsearch.php |archivedate=February 15, 2009 }}</ref> "[[Treehouse of Horror III]]" was nominated for Emmys for "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)" ([[Alf Clausen]]) and "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Comedy Series or a Special".<ref name="Emmys"/>
1993 marked the first year that the producers of ''The Simpsons'' did not submit episodes for the "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour)]]".<ref name="Jean"/> Prior to this season, the series had only been allowed to compete in the animation category, but in early 1993 the rules were changed so that animated television shows would be able to submit nominations in the "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Comedy Series|Outstanding Comedy Series]]" category.<ref>{{cite news |title=`Simpsons' get Emmy 's respect&nbsp;— Academy lets series drop cartoon status to compete as sitcom |date=1993-02-02 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=B4 |publisher=[[Austin American-Statesman]] |first=Diane |last=Holloway}}</ref> The producers submitted "[[A Streetcar Named Marge]]" and "[[Mr. Plow]]" but the Emmy voters were hesitant to pit cartoons against live action programs, and ''The Simpsons'' did not receive a nomination.<ref name="Jean">{{cite video |people=Jean, Al |date=2004 |title=The Simpsons season 4 DVD commentary for the episode "[[Mr. Plow]]" |medium=DVD |publisher=20th Century Fox}}</ref> Several critics saw the show's failure to gain a nomination as one of the biggest snubs of that year.<ref>{{cite news |title=CBS, `Northern Exposure' lead Emmy nominations |date=1993-07-23 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=B4 |publisher=[[Austin American-Statesman]] |first=Diane |last=Holloway}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Some Hits&nbsp;— and Misses&nbsp;— Emmy List Has Notable Omissions |date=1993-07-23 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=35 |publisher=[[Chicago Sun-Times]] |first=Ginny |last=Holbert}}</ref><ref>{{cite news |title=Emmy selections go from horrible ('92) to terrible ('93) |date=1993-07-23 |accessdate=2008-02-12 |page=L44 |publisher=[[Los Angeles Daily News]] |first=Ray |last=Richmond}}</ref> [[Dan Castellaneta]] was awarded an Emmy for "[[Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Voice-Over Performance|Outstanding Voice-Over Performance]]".<ref name="Emmys">{{cite web|url=http://www.emmys.org/awards/awardsearch.php |title=Primetime Emmy Awards Advanced Search |publisher=Emmys.org |accessdate=2008-01-22 |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20090215195726/http://www.emmys.org/awards/awardsearch.php |archivedate=February 15, 2009 }}</ref> "[[Treehouse of Horror III]]" was nominated for Emmys for "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)" ([[Alf Clausen]]) and "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Comedy Series or a Special".<ref name="Emmys"/>


The series won several other awards this season, including an [[Annie Award]] for "Best Animated Television Program",<ref>{{cite news |url=http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |title=Legacy: 21st Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1993) |accessdate=2008-01-22 |publisher=Annie Awardsorg |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509183423/http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |archivedate=2008-05-09 }}</ref> a [[Genesis Awards|Genesis Award]] for "Best Television Prime Time Animated Series"<ref>{{cite news |url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1994_genesis_awards.html |title=1994 Genesis Awards |accessdate=2007-10-21 |publisher=Humane Society of the United States |archiveurl=http://web.archive.org/web/20071225050341/http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1994_genesis_awards.html <!-- Bot retrieved archive --> |archivedate=2007-12-25}}</ref> for the episode "[[Whacking Day]]"<ref>{{cite news |title='Free Willy', 'Simpsons' win Genesis Awards |accessdate=2008-01-30 |publisher=[[Rocky Mountain News]] |page=56A |date=1994-01-30}}</ref> and a [[Saturn Award]] for "Best Television Series".<ref name=Saturn>{{cite news |url=http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html#television |title=Saturn Awards&nbsp;— Past Winners |accessdate=2008-01-22 |publisher=The Saturn Awards}}</ref>
The series won several other awards this season, including an [[Annie Award]] for "Best Animated Television Program",<ref>{{cite news |url=http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |title=Legacy: 21st Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1993) |accessdate=2008-01-22 |publisher=Annie Awardsorg |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20080509183423/http://annieawards.org/21stwinners.html |archivedate=2008-05-09 }}</ref> a [[Genesis Awards|Genesis Award]] for "Best Television Prime Time Animated Series"<ref>{{cite news|url=http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1994_genesis_awards.html |title=1994 Genesis Awards |accessdate=2007-10-21 |publisher=Humane Society of the United States |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20071225050341/http://www.hsus.org/about_us/offices_and_affiliates/hsus_hollywood_office/the_genesis_awards/genesis_award_winners_and_memorable_moments/1994_genesis_awards.html |archivedate=2007-12-25 |deadurl=yes |df= }}</ref> for the episode "[[Whacking Day]]"<ref>{{cite news |title='Free Willy', 'Simpsons' win Genesis Awards |accessdate=2008-01-30 |publisher=[[Rocky Mountain News]] |page=56A |date=1994-01-30}}</ref> and a [[Saturn Award]] for "Best Television Series".<ref name=Saturn>{{cite news|url=http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html#television |title=Saturn Awards&nbsp;— Past Winners |accessdate=2008-01-22 |publisher=The Saturn Awards |deadurl=yes |archiveurl=https://web.archive.org/web/20100209012608/http://www.saturnawards.org/past.html |archivedate=2010-02-09 |df= }}</ref>


==Episodes==
==Episodes==

Revision as of 20:15, 19 May 2017

The Simpsons
Season 4
DVD cover
No. of episodes22
Release
Original networkFox
Original releaseSeptember 24, 1992 (1992-09-24) –
May 13, 1993 (1993-05-13)
Season chronology
← Previous
Season 3
Next →
Season 5
List of episodes

The Simpsons' fourth season originally aired on the Fox network between September 24, 1992 and May 13, 1993, beginning with "Kamp Krusty". The showrunners for the fourth production season were Al Jean and Mike Reiss.[1] The aired season contained two episodes which were hold-over episodes from season three, which Jean and Reiss also ran. Following the end of the production of the season, Jean, Reiss and most of the original writing staff left the show. The season was nominated for two Primetime Emmy Awards and Dan Castellaneta would win one for his performance as Homer in "Mr. Plow". The fourth season was released on DVD in Region 1 on June 15, 2004, Region 2 on August 2, 2004 and in Region 4 on August 25, 2004.

Development

The season was executive produced by Al Jean and Mike Reiss, who had also run the previous season. Several of the show's original writers who had been with the show since the first season left following the completion of the season's production run. "Cape Feare", which was the final episode to be produced by the "original team",[2] aired during season five as a holdover.[2] Jay Kogen, Wallace Wolodarsky and Jeff Martin wrote their final episodes for the season four production run. David M. Stern and Jon Vitti also left but returned to write episodes for later seasons. Reiss and Jean left to produce their own series, The Critic, but later returned to produce several more The Simpsons episodes, and Jean again became the showrunner starting with season thirteen.[3] Rich Moore, one of the show's original directors, also left to work on The Critic,[3] but returned years later to assist with animation on The Simpsons Movie.[4] George Meyer and John Swartzwelder stayed on, while Conan O'Brien, Frank Mula and future show runners Bill Oakley and Josh Weinstein received their first writing credits. One-time writers for the season include Adam I. Lapidus and the team of Gary Apple and Michael Carrington, although Carrington later returned to voice characters in "Simpson Tide" and "Million Dollar Abie".[5]

Sam Simon, who had been showrunner for the show's first two seasons, had assembled the original writing team, had been the series' creative supervisor from its inception, and has been credited as "developing [the show's] sensibility",[6] departed at the end of season four. Simon was involved in a series of creative disputes with the show's creator Matt Groening, producer James L. Brooks and production company Gracie Films.[7][8][9][10] Simon commented that he "wasn't enjoying it anymore," and "that any show I've ever worked on, it turns me into a monster. I go crazy. I hate myself."[10] Before leaving, he negotiated a deal that saw him receive a share of the show's profits every year and an executive producer credit despite not having worked on the show since then until his death.[6][8]

This season's production run (9F) was the first to be animated by Film Roman, after Gracie Films opted to switch domestic production of the series from Klasky Csupo.[11][12] Sharon Bernstein of the Los Angeles Times wrote that "Gracie executives had been unhappy with the producer Csupo had assigned to The Simpsons and said the company also hoped to obtain better wages and working conditions for animators at Film Roman."[12] Klasky Csupo co-founder Gábor Csupó had been "asked [by Gracie Films] if they could bring in their own producer [to oversee the animation production]," but declined, stating "they wanted to tell me how to run my business."[12] Simon commented that: "There won't be any change in the quality or look of the show. We're not going to compromise the quality of the show, and key creative personnel will continue on the show."[12]

"A Streetcar Named Marge" and "Kamp Krusty" were holdovers from the previous season and so were the last of the Klasky Csupo produced episodes to air.[11] Brooks suggested that the script for "Kamp Krusty" be expanded and produced as a feature-length theatrically released film. However, the episode ran very short, barely reaching the minimum length allowed, with the episode's musical number having to be lengthened by a number of verses. The episode had also been selected to be the season's premiere. As Jean told Brooks, "First of all, if we make it into the movie then we don't have a premiere, and second if we can't make 18 minutes out of this episode how are we supposed to make 80?"[13]

Awards

1993 marked the first year that the producers of The Simpsons did not submit episodes for the "Primetime Emmy Award for Outstanding Animated Program (for Programming Less Than One Hour)".[14] Prior to this season, the series had only been allowed to compete in the animation category, but in early 1993 the rules were changed so that animated television shows would be able to submit nominations in the "Outstanding Comedy Series" category.[15] The producers submitted "A Streetcar Named Marge" and "Mr. Plow" but the Emmy voters were hesitant to pit cartoons against live action programs, and The Simpsons did not receive a nomination.[14] Several critics saw the show's failure to gain a nomination as one of the biggest snubs of that year.[16][17][18] Dan Castellaneta was awarded an Emmy for "Outstanding Voice-Over Performance".[19] "Treehouse of Horror III" was nominated for Emmys for "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Music Composition for a Series (Dramatic Underscore)" (Alf Clausen) and "Outstanding Individual Achievement in Sound Mixing for a Comedy Series or a Special".[19]

The series won several other awards this season, including an Annie Award for "Best Animated Television Program",[20] a Genesis Award for "Best Television Prime Time Animated Series"[21] for the episode "Whacking Day"[22] and a Saturn Award for "Best Television Series".[23]

Episodes

See also: List of The Simpsons episodes
No.
overall		No. in
season		TitleDirected byWritten byOriginal air dateProd.
code		U.S. viewers
(millions)
601"Kamp Krusty"Mark KirklandDavid M. SternSeptember 24, 1992 (1992-09-24)8F2421.8[24]
612"A Streetcar Named Marge"Rich MooreJeff MartinOctober 1, 1992 (1992-10-01)8F1818.3[25]
623"Homer the Heretic"Jim ReardonGeorge MeyerOctober 8, 1992 (1992-10-08)9F0119.3[26]
634"Lisa the Beauty Queen"Mark KirklandJeff MartinOctober 15, 1992 (1992-10-15)9F0219[27]
645"Treehouse of Horror III"Carlos BaezaAl Jean, Mike Reiss, Jay Kogen, Wallace Wolodarsky, Sam Simon & Jon VittiOctober 29, 1992 (1992-10-29)9F0425.1[28]
656"Itchy & Scratchy: The Movie"Rich MooreJohn SwartzwelderNovember 3, 1992 (1992-11-03)9F0320.1[29]
667"Marge Gets a Job"Jeff LynchBill Oakley & Josh WeinsteinNovember 5, 1992 (1992-11-05)9F0522.9[29]
678"New Kid on the Block"Wes ArcherConan O'BrienNovember 12, 1992 (1992-11-12)9F0623.1[30]
689"Mr. Plow"Jim ReardonJon VittiNovember 19, 1992 (1992-11-19)9F0724[31]
6910"Lisa's First Word"Mark KirklandJeff MartinDecember 3, 1992 (1992-12-03)9F0828.6[32]
7011"Homer's Triple Bypass"David SilvermanGary Apple & Michael CarringtonDecember 17, 1992 (1992-12-17)9F0923.6[33]
7112"Marge vs. the Monorail"Rich MooreConan O'BrienJanuary 14, 1993 (1993-01-14)9F1023[34]
7213"Selma's Choice"Carlos BaezaDavid M. SternJanuary 21, 1993 (1993-01-21)9F1124.5[35]
7314"Brother from the Same Planet"Jeff LynchJon VittiFebruary 4, 1993 (1993-02-04)9F1223.8[36]
7415"I Love Lisa"Wes ArcherFrank MulaFebruary 11, 1993 (1993-02-11)9F1325.2[37]
7516"Duffless"Jim ReardonDavid M. SternFebruary 18, 1993 (1993-02-18)9F1425.7[38]
7617"Last Exit to Springfield"Mark KirklandJay Kogen & Wallace WolodarskyMarch 11, 1993 (1993-03-11)9F1522.4[39]
7718"So It's Come to This: A Simpsons Clip Show"Carlos BaezaJon VittiApril 1, 1993 (1993-04-01)9F1725.5[40]
7819"The Front"Rich MooreAdam I. LapidusApril 15, 1993 (1993-04-15)9F1620.1[41]
7920"Whacking Day"Jeff LynchJohn SwartzwelderApril 29, 1993 (1993-04-29)9F1820[42]
8021"Marge in Chains"Jim ReardonBill Oakley & Josh WeinsteinMay 6, 1993 (1993-05-06)9F2017.3[43]
8122"Krusty Gets Kancelled"David SilvermanJohn SwartzwelderMay 13, 1993 (1993-05-13)9F1919.4[44]

DVD release

The DVD boxset for season four was released by 20th Century Fox in the United States and Canada on June 15, 2004, eleven years after it had completed broadcast on television. As well as every episode from the season, the DVD release features bonus material including deleted scenes, Animatics, and commentaries for every episode. The menus are a different format than the previous seasons.[45]

The Complete Fourth Season
Set Details[46][47] Special Features[46][47]
Release Dates
Region 1 Region 2 Region 4
June 15, 2004 August 2, 2004 August 25, 2004

References

  1. ^ Richmond & Coffman 1997, p. 92.
  2. ^ a b Vitti, Jon (2004). The Simpsons season 5 DVD commentary for the episode "Cape Feare" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
  3. ^ a b Jean, Al (2004). The Simpsons season 5 DVD commentary for the episode "Cape Feare" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
  4. ^ Anderson, Mike B.; Dean Moore, Steven; Moore, Rich; Silverman, David (2007). Audio Director's commentary (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
  5. ^ Carrington, Michael (2004). The Simpsons season 4 DVD commentary for the episode "Cape Feare" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
  6. ^ a b Rapoport, Ron (2009). "Sam Simon's Next Trick". Stanford Magazine. Retrieved 2011-06-18.
  7. ^ David Owen (2000-03-13). "Taking Humour Seriously". The New Yorker.
  8. ^ a b Ortved, pp. 146–149.
  9. ^ Dan Snierson. "D'Oh!". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved 2007-10-21.
  10. ^ a b Schorn, Daniel; Safer, Morley (2007-03-02). "Meet Sam Simon, The Dog Nut". CBS News. Retrieved 2011-06-13.{{cite news}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
  11. ^ a b Kirkland, Mark (2004). The Simpsons The Complete Fourth Season DVD commentary for the episode "Kamp Krusty" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
  12. ^ a b c d Bernstein, Sharon (1992-01-21). "'The Simpsons' Producer Changes Animation Firms". Los Angeles Times. p. 18. Retrieved 2011-08-24.
  13. ^ Jean, Al (2004). The Simpsons The Complete Fourth Season DVD commentary for the episode "Kamp Krusty" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
  14. ^ a b Jean, Al (2004). The Simpsons season 4 DVD commentary for the episode "Mr. Plow" (DVD). 20th Century Fox.
  15. ^ Holloway, Diane (1993-02-02). "`Simpsons' get Emmy 's respect — Academy lets series drop cartoon status to compete as sitcom". Austin American-Statesman. p. B4. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  16. ^ Holloway, Diane (1993-07-23). "CBS, `Northern Exposure' lead Emmy nominations". Austin American-Statesman. p. B4. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  17. ^ Holbert, Ginny (1993-07-23). "Some Hits — and Misses — Emmy List Has Notable Omissions". Chicago Sun-Times. p. 35. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  18. ^ Richmond, Ray (1993-07-23). "Emmy selections go from horrible ('92) to terrible ('93)". Los Angeles Daily News. p. L44. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  19. ^ a b "Primetime Emmy Awards Advanced Search". Emmys.org. Archived from the original on February 15, 2009. Retrieved 2008-01-22. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  20. ^ "Legacy: 21st Annual Annie Award Nominees and Winners (1993)". Annie Awardsorg. Archived from the original on 2008-05-09. Retrieved 2008-01-22.
  21. ^ "1994 Genesis Awards". Humane Society of the United States. Archived from the original on 2007-12-25. Retrieved 2007-10-21. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  22. ^ "'Free Willy', 'Simpsons' win Genesis Awards". Rocky Mountain News. 1994-01-30. p. 56A. {{cite news}}: |access-date= requires |url= (help)
  23. ^ "Saturn Awards — Past Winners". The Saturn Awards. Archived from the original on 2010-02-09. Retrieved 2008-01-22. {{cite news}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
  24. ^ Donna Gable (September 30, 1992). "'Murphy' wave carries CBS". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  25. ^ Donna Gable (October 7, 1992). "Monday lineup bolsters No. 1 CBS". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  26. ^ Brian Donlon (October 14, 1992). "Rankings omit Perot' paid ad". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  27. ^ Donna Gable (October 21, 1992). "Baseball hits big for CBS". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  28. ^ Donna Gable (November 5, 1992). "Politics, Halloween scare up an ABC win". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  29. ^ a b Donna Gable (November 11, 1992). "Election news, football kick up ABC's ratings". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  30. ^ Donna Gable (November 18, 1992). "'Jacksons,' solid gold for ABC". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  31. ^ Donna Gable (November 25, 1992). "Jacksons help as-easy-as-ABC win". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  32. ^ Donna Gable (December 9, 1992). "ABC's Tuesday lineup ends up rosy". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  33. ^ Brian Donlon (December 23, 1992). "Early Christmas gift for CBS". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  34. ^ Brian Donlon (January 20, 1993). "ABC gets a Thursday night boost". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  35. ^ Donna Gable (January 27, 1993). "Inaugural gala helps carry CBS to top". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  36. ^ Donna Gable (February 10, 1993). "CBS rides to top on wings of 'Skylark'". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  37. ^ Donna Gable (February 18, 1993). "King of Pop and 'Queen' rule the ratings". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  38. ^ Brian Donlon (February 24, 1993). "'Queen' rules in CBS' royal sweep". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  39. ^ Donna Gable (March 17, 1993). "ABC improves with bench strength". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  40. ^ Donna Gable (April 7, 1993). "An Oscar to ABC for week's best ratings". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  41. ^ Brian Donlon (April 21, 1993). "New shows find their niches". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  42. ^ Donna Gable (May 5, 1993). "'Fried Green Tomatoes' gives NBC sizzle". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  43. ^ Brian Donlon (May 12, 1993). "Sturdy 'Home' helps lift ABC". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  44. ^ Donna Gable (May 19, 1993). "'Cheers' nudges NBC to No. 1". USA Today. p. 03.D.
  45. ^ The Simpsons season 4 DVD boxset (DVD). 20th Century Fox. 2004.
  46. ^ a b c d e "Simpsons, The — The Complete 4th Season". TV Shows on DVD.com. Retrieved 2008-03-07.
  47. ^ a b "The Simpsons Season 4 DVD". The Simpsons Shop. Archived from the original on October 11, 2007. Retrieved 2008-03-07. {{cite web}}: Unknown parameter |deadurl= ignored (|url-status= suggested) (help)
Bibliography
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