Pskov Governorate: Difference between revisions
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'''Pskov Governorate''' ({{lang-ru|link=no|Псковская губерния}}, ''Pskovskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a ''[[guberniya]]'') of the [[Russian Empire]] |
The '''Pskov Governorate''' ({{lang-ru|link=no|Псковская губерния}}, ''Pskovskaya guberniya'') was an administrative division (a ''[[guberniya]]'') of the [[Russian Empire]] which existed from 1772 to 1777 and from 1796 to 1927.<ref>{{cite web|url=http://www.pskov.ru/region/istoriya/18-19vv|script-title=ru:Псковская губерния в 18–19 веках|publisher=Портал государственных органов Псковской области|language=Russian|accessdate=4 April 2012}}</ref> Its seat was [[Opochka]] between 1772 and 1776, and [[Pskov]] after 1776. The governorate was located in the west of the Russian Empire and bordered (after 1796) the [[Saint Petersburg Governorate]] to the north, the [[Novgorod Governorate]] to the northeast, the [[Tver Governorate]] to the east, the [[Smolensk Governorate]] to the southeast, the [[Byelorussia Governorate]] (after 1802, the [[Vitebsk Governorate]]) to the south, and the [[Governorate of Livonia]] to the west. The former area of the governorate is currently split between the [[Pskov Oblast|Pskov]], [[Tver Oblast|Tver]], and [[Novgorod Oblast]]s. The former border between the Pskov Governorate and the Governorate of Livonia still largely corresponds to the state border between Russia in the east and [[Estonia]] and [[Latvia]] in the west. |
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==History== |
==History== |
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[[File:Zapadnye gubernii Rossii 1917.png|right|thumb|The European |
[[File:Zapadnye gubernii Rossii 1917.png|right|thumb|The European section of the Russian Empire in 1917. The Pskov Governorate is shown in blue.]] |
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In 1772, as a result of the [[First Partition of Poland]], [[Inflanty Voivodeship]] and eastern [[Belarus]] were transferred to Russia. In order to accommodate these areas, Pskov Governorate was created, and [[Velikiye Luki Province|Velikiye Luki]] and [[Pskov Province]]s of [[Novgorod Governorate]] (with the exception of future [[Gdovsky Uyezd]]) were transferred to this governorate. In addition, [[Vitebsk Province, Pskov Governorate|Vitebsk]], [[Polotsk Province|Polotsk]], and [[Dvina Province|Dvina]], |
In 1772, as a result of the [[First Partition of Poland]], the [[Inflanty Voivodeship]] and eastern [[Belarus]] were transferred to Russia. In order to accommodate these areas, the Pskov Governorate was created, and the [[Velikiye Luki Province|Velikiye Luki]] and [[Pskov Province]]s of the [[Novgorod Governorate]] (with the exception of the future [[Gdovsky Uyezd]]) were transferred to this governorate. In addition, [[Vitebsk Province, Pskov Governorate|Vitebsk]], [[Polotsk Province|Polotsk]], and [[Dvina Province|Dvina]], also conquered from Poland, were included into the governorate. The town of [[Opochka]] was made the administrative center of the governorate.<ref name="arxiv">{{cite web|url=http://derjava.pskov.ru/arch/archhhhh/989/|script-title=ru:Псковской губернии 225 лет|last=Коломыцева|first=Н. В.|publisher=Краеведческий архив Псковской области|language=Russian|accessdate=5 April 2012}}</ref> |
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Pskov Governorate |
The Pskov Governorate proved to be too large to be administered properly, so in 1776 Empress [[Catherine the Great]] issued a decree dividing the governorate into the Pskov and [[Polotsk Governorate]]s. Pskov was made the administrative center of the Pskov Governorate. [[Gdov]] and [[Porkhov]] were transferred from the Novgorod to the Pskov Governorate.<ref name="arxiv"/> |
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In 1777 |
In 1777 the Pskov Governorate was converted into the Pskov Viceroyalty, which was administered from Novgorod by [[Jacob Sievers]], who at the time also administered the [[Novgorod Viceroyalty|Novgorod]] and [[Tver Viceroyalty|Tver]] Viceroyalties. The viceroyalty was abolished in 1976, and on December 31, 1796 Emperor [[Paul I of Russia|Paul I]] issued a decree restoring the Pskov Governorate. At this point the governorate consisted of the following six [[uyezd]]s (the administrative centers, which all had town status, are given in parentheses),<ref name="arxiv"/> |
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* [[Pskovsky Uyezd]] ([[Pskov]]); |
* [[Pskovsky Uyezd]] ([[Pskov]]); |
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* [[Opochetsky Uyezd]] ([[Opochka]]); |
* [[Opochetsky Uyezd]] ([[Opochka]]); |
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[[Izborsk]] was a town but not an uyezd center. |
[[Izborsk]] was a town but not an uyezd center. |
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In 1802, [[Novorzhevsky Uyezd]] (with |
In 1802, [[Novorzhevsky Uyezd]] (with its center in [[Novorzhev]]) and [[Kholmsky Uyezd]] ([[Kholm, Kholmsky District, Novgorod Oblast|Kholm]]) were established.<ref name="arxiv"/> |
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In 1920, the westernmost part of Pskovsky Uyezd |
In 1920, the westernmost part of Pskovsky Uyezd was transferred to [[Estonia]], and the southwesternmost part of Pskovsky Uyezd and 3 volosts of Ostrovsky Uyezd went to [[Latvia]]. |
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In 1924, [[Velizhsky Uyezd|Velizhsky]], [[Nevelsky Uyezd|Nevelsky]], and [[Sebezhsky Uyezd]]s of [[Vitebsk Governorate]] were transferred into Pskov Governorate. |
In 1924, [[Velizhsky Uyezd|Velizhsky]], [[Nevelsky Uyezd|Nevelsky]], and [[Sebezhsky Uyezd]]s of [[Vitebsk Governorate]] were transferred into Pskov Governorate. |
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On August 1, 1927 Pskov Governorate was abolished and transferred to [[Leningrad Oblast]]. |
On August 1, 1927, the Pskov Governorate was abolished and transferred to [[Leningrad Oblast]]. |
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==Governors== |
==Governors== |
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Revision as of 06:18, 16 June 2017
57°49′N 28°20′E / 57.817°N 28.333°E
| Pskov Governorate Псковская губерния | |
|---|---|
| Governorate of Russian Empire | |
| 1772–1927 | |
.png) Flag | |
 Map of Pskov Governorate, ca 1900 | |
| Capital | Pskov |
| History | |
• Established | 1772 |
• Disestablished | 1927 |
| Political subdivisions | eight uyezds |
The Pskov Governorate (Russian: Псковская губерния, Pskovskaya guberniya) was an administrative division (a guberniya) of the Russian Empire which existed from 1772 to 1777 and from 1796 to 1927.[1] Its seat was Opochka between 1772 and 1776, and Pskov after 1776. The governorate was located in the west of the Russian Empire and bordered (after 1796) the Saint Petersburg Governorate to the north, the Novgorod Governorate to the northeast, the Tver Governorate to the east, the Smolensk Governorate to the southeast, the Byelorussia Governorate (after 1802, the Vitebsk Governorate) to the south, and the Governorate of Livonia to the west. The former area of the governorate is currently split between the Pskov, Tver, and Novgorod Oblasts. The former border between the Pskov Governorate and the Governorate of Livonia still largely corresponds to the state border between Russia in the east and Estonia and Latvia in the west.
History
In 1772, as a result of the First Partition of Poland, the Inflanty Voivodeship and eastern Belarus were transferred to Russia. In order to accommodate these areas, the Pskov Governorate was created, and the Velikiye Luki and Pskov Provinces of the Novgorod Governorate (with the exception of the future Gdovsky Uyezd) were transferred to this governorate. In addition, Vitebsk, Polotsk, and Dvina, also conquered from Poland, were included into the governorate. The town of Opochka was made the administrative center of the governorate.[2]
The Pskov Governorate proved to be too large to be administered properly, so in 1776 Empress Catherine the Great issued a decree dividing the governorate into the Pskov and Polotsk Governorates. Pskov was made the administrative center of the Pskov Governorate. Gdov and Porkhov were transferred from the Novgorod to the Pskov Governorate.[2]
In 1777 the Pskov Governorate was converted into the Pskov Viceroyalty, which was administered from Novgorod by Jacob Sievers, who at the time also administered the Novgorod and Tver Viceroyalties. The viceroyalty was abolished in 1976, and on December 31, 1796 Emperor Paul I issued a decree restoring the Pskov Governorate. At this point the governorate consisted of the following six uyezds (the administrative centers, which all had town status, are given in parentheses),[2]
- Pskovsky Uyezd (Pskov);
- Opochetsky Uyezd (Opochka);
- Ostrovsky Uyezd (Ostrov);
- Porkhovsky Uyezd (Porkhov);
- Toropetsky Uyezd (Toropets);
- Velikoluksky Uyezd (Velikiye Luki).
Izborsk was a town but not an uyezd center.
In 1802, Novorzhevsky Uyezd (with its center in Novorzhev) and Kholmsky Uyezd (Kholm) were established.[2]
In 1920, the westernmost part of Pskovsky Uyezd was transferred to Estonia, and the southwesternmost part of Pskovsky Uyezd and 3 volosts of Ostrovsky Uyezd went to Latvia.
In 1924, Velizhsky, Nevelsky, and Sebezhsky Uyezds of Vitebsk Governorate were transferred into Pskov Governorate.
On August 1, 1927, the Pskov Governorate was abolished and transferred to Leningrad Oblast.
Governors
The administration of the governorate was performed by a governor. The governors of Pskov Governorate were[3]
- 1772–1775 Mikhail Nikolayevich Krechetnikov, governor;
- 1775–1776 Alexey Vasilyevich Naryshkin, governor;
- 1776–1777 Khristophor Romanovich Nolken, governor.
- 1797 Ivan Alexeyevich Molchanov, governor;
- 1797–1798 Larion Spiridonovich Alexeyev, governor;
- 1798–1800 Alexey A. Bekleshov, governor;
- 1800–1807 Yakov Ivanovich Lamzdorf (Jacob Lamsdorf), governor;
- 1807–1811 Nikolay Osipovich Laba, governor;
- 1811–1816 Pyotr Ivanovich Shakhovskoy, governor;
- 1816–1826 Boris Antonovich Aderkas, governor;
- 1826–1830 Andrey Fyodorovich Kvitka, governor;
- 1830–1839 Alexey Nikitich Peshchurov, governor;
- 1839–1845 Fyodor Fyodorovich Bartolomey, governor;
- 1845–1856 Alexey Yegorovich Cherkasov, governor;
- 1856–1864 Valerian Nikolayevich Muravyov, governor;
- 1864–1867 Konstantin Ivanovich von der Palen, governor;
- 1867–1868 Boris Petrovich Obukhov, governor;
- 1868–1872 Mikhail Semyonovich Kakhanov, governor;
- 1886–1888 Alexander Alexandrovich Ikskul von Gildenbandt, governor;
- ? Alexander Lvovich Cherkasov, governor;
- 1900–1903 Boris Alexandrovich Vasilchikov, governor;
- 1903–1911 Alexander Vasilyevich Adlerberg, governor;
- 1911–1915 Nikolay Nikolayevich Medem, governor;
- 1915–1916 Dmitry Grigoryevich Yavlensky, governor.
References
- ^ Псковская губерния в 18–19 веках (in Russian). Портал государственных органов Псковской области. Retrieved 4 April 2012.
- ^ a b c d Коломыцева, Н. В. Псковской губернии 225 лет (in Russian). Краеведческий архив Псковской области. Retrieved 5 April 2012.
- ^ Псковские князья, губернаторы и секретари обкомов (in Russian). Псковская Держава: Краеведческий архив. Retrieved 11 April 2012.