List of tallest buildings in Sydney: Difference between revisions
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Sydney's most recent residential tower, 505 George Street, will rise 270 metres, comprising 80 stories much of it serviced apartments. As the tower penetrates Sydney Airport's Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) it will require an Aeronautical Impact assessment approval.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/forward-planning/investment-strategy/property-news-and-insights/103314-270-metre-tall-event-cinema-george-street-tower-needs-aeronautical-impact-approval.html|title=270 metre tall Event Cinema, George Street tower needs Aeronautical Impact approval|website=www.propertyobserver.com.au|access-date=2019-08-29}}</ref> |
Sydney's most recent residential tower, 505 George Street, will rise 270 metres, comprising 80 stories much of it serviced apartments. As the tower penetrates Sydney Airport's Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) it will require an Aeronautical Impact assessment approval.<ref>{{Cite web|url=https://www.propertyobserver.com.au/forward-planning/investment-strategy/property-news-and-insights/103314-270-metre-tall-event-cinema-george-street-tower-needs-aeronautical-impact-approval.html|title=270 metre tall Event Cinema, George Street tower needs Aeronautical Impact approval|website=www.propertyobserver.com.au|access-date=2019-08-29}}</ref> |
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In December 2019, [[Crown Sydney]], a mixed use tower under construction in the [[Barangaroo, New South Wales|Barangaroo]] precinct, overtook [[Chifley Tower|Chifley Tower's]] |
In December 2019, [[Crown Sydney]], a mixed use tower under construction in the [[Barangaroo, New South Wales|Barangaroo]] precinct, overtook [[Chifley Tower|Chifley Tower's]] tallest height of 244 metres (801 feet). |
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Revision as of 02:14, 6 February 2020
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/5/58/Sydney_skyline_and_harbour.jpg/350px-Sydney_skyline_and_harbour.jpg)
Sydney, the largest city in Australia, is home to 1,168 completed high-rise buildings, the most in an Australian city.[1] Although the tallest buildings in the city were traditionally predominantly concentrated in the central business district, suburbs within the Sydney metropolitan area, such as Chatswood and Parramatta have seen a growth in the development of high rises and skyscrapers in recent years.
As of December 2019, the entire city (including metropolitan suburbs) has 38 buildings that rise at least 150 metres (490 ft) in height – the second–highest number of skyscrapers in Australia.[2][3][4]
History
The earliest high-rise constructed in Sydney was Culwulla Chambers, which stands at a height of 50 metres (160 ft) and was completed in 1912. Designed by Spain, Cosh and Minnett, the building consisted of 14 floors and cost £100,000 to build, equivalent of approximately $1 million in today's money.[5]
Sydney originally had a 46-metre (151 ft) height limit that was enforced until 1957.[6][7] The abolition of this limit saw a construction boom for skyscrapers and buildings beginning in the early 1960s with the construction of the Australia Square, notable for being the world's tallest light weight concrete building at the time it was built[8][9] and is also notable for being the first skyscraper in Australia. Since August 1981, the tallest structure in Sydney is the Sydney Tower, at 309 m (1,014 ft).[10] However, according to the international standard of the Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat, observation towers are not fully habitable and do not count as buildings.[3] Hence, the tallest building in Sydney is the Chifley Tower, which was completed in 1992 and stands at 244 m (801 ft). It is also the tenth-tallest building in Australia.
A recent 235-metre (771 ft) height restriction implementation had slowed Sydney's high-rise developments. However, this height restriction was lifted in 2016 which now allows buildings to be built as high as 310 metres (1,020 ft) on condition that public spaces are not overshadowed.[11] This was raised to 330 metres (1,080 ft) at the end of 2019.[12]
Sydney's most recent residential tower, 505 George Street, will rise 270 metres, comprising 80 stories much of it serviced apartments. As the tower penetrates Sydney Airport's Obstacle Limitation Surfaces (OLS) it will require an Aeronautical Impact assessment approval.[13]
In December 2019, Crown Sydney, a mixed use tower under construction in the Barangaroo precinct, overtook Chifley Tower's tallest height of 244 metres (801 feet).
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A view of the Sydney skyline and Circular Quay, 1916.
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Sydney Tower (1981), rises above 85 Castlereagh Street and Culwulla Chambers (1912), the first high-rise building constructed in Sydney.
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The Sydney skyline as it appeared from Bondi Junction in 1984. The tallest skyscrapers seem are Suncorp Place, Australia Square, MLC Centre, Sydney Tower and Pacific Power (201 Elizabeth Street).
Tallest buildings and structures
This list ranks completed buildings and structures in Sydney that stands at least 150m (492ft) tall, including new buildings which have fully reached their architectural height. All structures are measured to the highest architectural detail, including spires[citation needed]
Rank | Name | Image | Height (m) | Height (ft) | Floors | Year | Purpose | Location | Address | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
– | Sydney Tower | ![]() |
309 | 1014 | 19 | 1981 | Observation Tower | CBD | 100 Market Street | Although the tallest structure in Sydney, Sydney Tower is not considered a habitable building by the CTBUH as it is primarily an observation tower. 275 m to roof. |
1 | Chifley Tower | ![]() |
244 | 801 | 50 | 1992 | Commercial | CBD | 2 Chifley Square | Officially the tallest building in Sydney since 1992. It was one of the most expensive buildings in the world at A$1.2 billion. Designed by Kohn Pedersen Fox.[14] |
2 | Citigroup Centre | 243 | 797 | 50 | 2000 | Commercial | CBD | 2 Park Street | Designed by Crone Partners | |
3 | Deutsche Bank Place | ![]() |
240 | 787 | 39 | 2005 | Commercial | CBD | 126 Phillip Street | The second-tallest building in the world with fewer than 40 floors (Al Faisaliyah Center (Riyadh) is taller at 267m). 160m to roof. Designed by Norman Foster. |
4 | Meriton World Tower | ![]() |
230 | 754 | 75 | 2004 | Residential | CBD | 85 Liverpool Street | Tallest residential building in Sydney since 2004. Tallest building in Sydney without a spire. Part of the World Square complex. Designed by Nation Fender Katsalidis. |
5 | MLC Centre | ![]() |
228 | 748 | 60 | 1977 | Commercial | CBD | 19 Martin Place | 244m to antenna and 227m to roof. Tallest building in Sydney from 1977 to 1992. Designed by Harry Seidler. |
6 | Governor Phillip Tower | ![]() |
227 | 745 | 54 | 1993 | Commercial | CBD | 1 Farrer Place | 254m to antenna and 227m to roof. Tallest Building in Sydney to antenna. Designed by Denton Corker Marshall.[15] |
7 | Ernst & Young Tower | ![]() |
222 | 728 | 45 | 2004 | Commercial | CBD | 680 George Street | 190m to roof. Part of the World Square complex. |
8 | RBS Tower | ![]() |
219 | 718 | 41 | 2000 | Commercial | CBD | 88 Phillip Street | More commonly known as Aurora Place but officially RBS Tower. 188m to roof. Designed by Renzo Piano.[16] |
9 | International Tower 1 | ![]() |
217 | 711 | 50 | 2016 | Commercial | Barangaroo | 100 Barangaroo Avenue | Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners.[17] |
10 | ANZ Tower | ![]() |
195 | 639 | 46 | 2013 | Commercial | CBD | 161 Castlereagh Street | Designed by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp |
11 | Suncorp Place | ![]() |
193 | 633 | 48 | 1982 | Commercial | CBD | 259 George Street | Construction began in 1970 and was not completed until 1982, as the project was delayed many times. |
12 | AMP Centre | ![]() |
188 | 616 | 45 | 1976 | Commercial | CBD | 50 Bridge Street | Tallest building in Sydney from 1976–1977. Currently undergoing major redevelopment/refurbishment, will become Quay Quarter Tower. Designed by Peddle Thorp & Walker. |
13 | Century Tower | ![]() |
183 | 600 | 50 | 1997 | Residential | CBD | 343 Pitt Street | Tallest residential building in Sydney from 1997–2004. |
14 | Grosvenor Place | ![]() |
180 | 590 | 45 | 1988 | Commercial | CBD | 225 George Street | Designed by Harry Seidler.[18] |
15 | International Tower 2 | ![]() |
178 | 583 | 43 | 2015[19] | Commercial | Barangaroo | 200 Barangaroo Avenue | Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners. |
16 | Altitude Apartments - Tower A | ![]() |
177 | 581 | 55 | 2017[20] | Residential | Parramatta | 330 Church Street | |
17 | Capita Centre | ![]() |
173 | 567 | 31 | 1989 | Commercial | CBD | 9 Castlereagh Street | Designed by Harry Seidler.[21] |
=18 | Australia Square Tower | ![]() |
170 | 557 | 46 | 1967 | Commercial | CBD | 264 George Street | Tallest building in Sydney from 1967–1976. Designed by Harry Seidler. |
=18 | Meriton Tower | ![]() |
170 | 557 | 48 | 2006 | Residential | CBD | 551 George Street | Designed by Harry Seidler. |
=18 | Metro Grand Residences | 170 | 557 | 40 | 2014 | Residential | Chatswood | 438 Victoria Avenue | [22] | |
=21 | The Peak Apartments | 168 | 551 | 46 | 1996 | Residential | Haymarket | 2 Quay Street | Tallest residential building in Sydney from 1996–1997. Part of the Market City complex. | |
=21 | International Tower 3 | ![]() |
168 | 551 | 40 | 2016 | Commercial | Barangaroo | 300 Barangaroo Avenue | Designed by Rogers Stirk Harbour + Partners.[23] |
=23 | 1 O'Connell Street | — | 166 | 544 | 36 | 1991 | Commercial | CBD | 1 O'Connell Street | Designed by Peddle Thorp & Walker. |
=23 | Westpac Place | ![]() |
166 | 544 | 35 | 2005 | Commercial | CBD | 275 Kent Street | Designed by Johnson Pilton Walker |
25 | 201 Elizabeth Street | ![]() |
165 | 541 | 40 | 1978 | Commercial | CBD | 201 Elizabeth Street | Formerly known as the Pacific Power Building. There are plans to demolish the building to build a new 174m residential building |
26 | Gateway Plaza | ![]() |
164 | 538 | 46 | 1989 | Commercial | CBD | 1 Macquarie Place | Designed by Peddle Thorp & Walker.[24] |
27 | HSBC Centre | ![]() |
162 | 531 | 37 | 1988 | Commercial | CBD | 580 George Street | Formerly known as The Pavilion Building. |
28 | 1 Denison Street (Channel 9 Studios) | — | 156 | 511 | 48 | ~2020 | Commercial | North Sydney | 1 Denison Street | Topped out in December 2019 |
=29 | Cove Apartments | ![]() |
158 | 518 | 45 | 2003 | Residential | CBD | 129 Harrington Street | Designed by Harry Seidler. |
=29 | 6 Parramatta Square | — | 158 | 518 | 39 | 2019 | Commercial | Parramatta | 6 Parramatta Square | Topped out in July 2019. Expected to be completed by 2019 |
31 | Hordern Towers | — | 156 | 511 | 48 | 1999 | Residential | CBD | 401 Pitt Street | Part of the World Square Complex. |
=32 | EY Sweeney | ![]() |
155 | 508 | 40 | 2015 | Commercial | CBD | 200 George Street | Designed by Francis-Jones Morehen Thorp.[25] |
=32 | Metro Spire Residences | 155 | 508 | 37 | 2014 | Residential | Chatswood | 440 Victoria Avenue | [26] | |
=34 | 100 Mount Street | — | 152 | 498 | 39 | 2019 | Commercial | North Sydney | 100 Mount Street | Completed in June 2019 |
=34 | Angel Place | — | 152 | 498 | 35 | 2000 | Commercial | CBD | 123 Pitt Street | Designed by Peddle Thorp & Walker. |
=34 | Sydney Central | — | 152 | 498 | 31 | 1992 | Commercial | CBD | 477 Pitt Street | |
=37 | 85 Castlereagh Street | ![]() |
151 | 495 | 32 | 2011 | Commercial | CBD | 85 Castlereagh Street | Part of the Sydney Tower complex. Also known as the JP Morgan building. Designed by John Wardle Architects.[27] |
=37 | Lumière Residences | ![]() |
151 | 495 | 47 | 2007 | Residential | CBD | 487 George Street | Designed by Norman Foster. |
Buildings above 200 metres in height
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/thumb/d/d9/Tallest_buildings_in_Sydney.png/718px-Tallest_buildings_in_Sydney.png)
Tallest buildings proposed, approved and under construction
This is a list of 150m+ proposed, approved and under construction skyscrapers in Sydney.[28][29]
Name | Height | Storeys | Purpose | Completion | Location | Status | |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
m | ft | ||||||
56 Pitt Street | 305 | 1,001 | 75 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
Crown Sydney | 271 | 889 | 75 | Mixed Use | 2020 | Barangaroo | Under construction[30] |
505 George Street | 270 | 890 | 80 | Residential | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed[31] |
197 Church Street | 266 | 873 | 80 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
20-22 Macquarie Street | 265 | 869 | 85 | Mixed Use | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
Salesforce Tower | 263 | 863 | 54 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | Under Construction |
338 Pitt Street Tower 1 | 258 | 846 | 80 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed[32] |
338 Pitt Street Tower 2 | 258 | 846 | 80 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed[32] |
One Sydney Harbour Tower 1 | 247 | 810 | 70 | Residential | 2023 | Barangaroo | Under Construction |
Greenland Centre Sydney | 237 | 778 | 68 | Residential | TBA | Sydney CBD | Under construction[33][34] |
133 Liverpool Street | 235 | 771 | 70 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
Aspire Parramatta | 233 | 764 | 52 | Commercial | 2022 | Parramatta | Under construction[35] |
Ritz-Carlton Hotel | 231 | 758 | 65 | Mixed Use | TBA | Pyrmont | Proposed[36] |
7 Hassall Street | 220 | 720 | 63 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
2 O'Connell Street | 217 | 712 | 66 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
Quay Quarter Tower | 216 | 709 | 54 | Commercial | 2020 | Sydney CBD | Under Construction |
100 Christie Street | 215 | 705 | 65 | Mixed Use | TBA | St Leonards | Proposed |
180 George Street North Tower | 211 | 692 | 67 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Under Construction[37] |
The Argyle Tower | 210 | 690 | 46 | Mixed Use | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed[38] |
48 Macquarie Street | 210 | 690 | 61 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
One Sydney Harbour Tower 2 | 207 | 679 | 60 | Residential | 2023 | Barangaroo | Under Construction |
4-6 Bligh Street | 205 | 673 | 55 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
112 Talavera Road - Building B | 205 | 673 | 60 | Residential | TBA | Macquarie Park | Proposed |
8 Phillip Street | 198 | 650 | 58 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Under Construction |
1 Alfred Street | 197 | 646 | 59 | Residential | TBA | Sydney CBD | Under Construction[39] |
Fiveways Triangle Site - North Tower | 193 | 633 | 60 | Residential | 2023 | Crows Nest | Proposed |
195 Church Street | 193 | 633 | 45 | Mixed Use | TBA | Parramatta | Approved |
12 Hassall Street | 192 | 630 | 61 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
Darling Park Tower 4 | 192 | 630 | 46 | Commercial | TBA | Darling Harbour | Proposed[40] |
St Leonards Central Tower 1 | 190 | 620 | 55 | Mixed Use | TBA | St Leonards | Proposed |
286-300 Church Street | 190 | 620 | ~60 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
87 Church Street | 187 | 614 | 55 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
180 George Street South Tower | 186 | 610 | 59 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Under Construction[41] |
Western Gateway - Block A | 184 | 604 | 36 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
142 Macquarie Street | 180 | 590 | 32 | Mixed Use | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
86-88 Walker Street | 180 | 590 | 47 | Mixed Use | TBA | North Sydney | Under Construction |
617-621 Pacific Highway | 175 | 574 | 50 | Mixed Use | TBA | St Leonards | Proposed |
201 Elizabeth Street | 174 | 571 | 51 | Residential | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
Martin Place Metro Tower | 174 | 571 | 40 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | Under Construction |
295 Church Street | 173 | 568 | 50 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
New Life | 172 | 564 | 55 | Residential | TBA | St Leonards | Proposed |
45 Victor Street | 170 | 560 | 50 | Residential | TBA | Chatswood | Proposed |
City Tattersalls Club Tower | 168 | 551 | 48 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
St Leonards Central Tower 2 | 168 | 551 | 48 | Mixed Use | TBA | St Leonards | Proposed |
189 Macquarie Street North Tower | 167 | 548 | 54 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | On Hold |
Victoria Cross Metro Station Tower | 167 | 548 | 40 | Commercial | 2023 | North Sydney | Proposed |
Harbourside | 166 | 545 | 50 | Residential | TBA | Darling Harbour | Proposed[42] |
33 Bligh Street | 165 | 541 | 30 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | On Hold |
Pitt Street Metro Station Tower 1 | 164 | 538 | 47 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Approved |
Fiveways Triangle Site - South Tower | 162 | 531 | 50 | Residential | 2023 | Crows Nest | Proposed |
Western Gateway - The Lanterns Tower 1 | 160 | 520 | 33 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
Western Gateway - The Lanterns Tower 2 | 160 | 520 | 33 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
1 Denison Street (Channel Nine Studios) | 159 | 522 | 39 | Commercial | 2020 | North Sydney | Topped Out[43] |
Norwest City Marketown - Tower B1 | 158 | 518 | 44 | Mixed Use | TBA | Baulkham Hills | Proposed |
4 Parramatta Square | 158 | 518 | 31 | Commercial | 2020 | Parramatta | Topped Out[44] |
116 Macquarie Street | 156 | 512 | 48 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Approved |
41 McLaren Street | 156 | 512 | 45 | Mixed Use | TBA | North Sydney | Proposed |
173 - 179 Walker Street | 156 | 512 | 47 | Residential | TBA | North Sydney | Proposed |
55 Pitt Street | 156 | 512 | 35 | Commercial | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
74 Church Street | 155 | 509 | 44 | Mixed Use | TBA | Parramatta | Proposed |
The Landmark, 500 Pacific Highway | 152 | 499 | 46 | Mixed Use | TBA | St Leonards | Under Construction[45] |
The Lennox | 152 | 499 | 41 | Residential | TBA | Parramatta | Under Construction |
195 Church Street | 152 | 499 | 43 | Mixed Use | TBA | Parramatta | Approved |
88 Christie Street | 152 | 499 | 49 | Mixed Use | TBA | St Leonards | Under Construction |
59 Goulburn Street | 150 | 490 | 40 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
112 Talavera Road - Building D | 150 | 490 | 45 | Residential | TBA | Macquarie Park | Proposed |
Pitt Street Metro Station Tower 2 | 150 | 490 | 35 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Approved |
Crows Nest Metro Tower 1 | 150 | 490 | 27 | Mixed Use | TBA | Crows Nest | Proposed |
Crows Nest Metro Tower 2 | 150 | 490 | 27 | Mixed Use | TBA | Crows Nest | Proposed |
Crows Nest Metro Tower 3 | 150 | 490 | 17 | Mixed Use | TBA | Crows Nest | Proposed |
525 George Street | 150 | 490 | 40 | Mixed Use | TBA | Sydney CBD | Proposed |
Timeline of tallest buildings
Includes tallest structures for comparison.[3][46][47]
Name | Image | Years as tallest | Height (m) | Height (ft) | Floors | Notes |
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
St James' Church | ![]() |
1824–1875 | 52 | 170 | – | |
Garden Palace | ![]() |
1875–1882 | 64 | 209 | 2 | Destroyed by fire in 1882, site is today part of the Royal Botanic Gardens. |
Town Hall | ![]() |
1882–1891 | 57 | 187 | 4 | |
General Post Office | ![]() |
1891–1939 | 73 | 239 | 5 | |
Sydney Harbour Bridge | ![]() |
– | 134 | 439 | – | Tallest structure in Sydney 1932–1956. |
AWA Tower | ![]() |
1939–1962 | 112 | 367 | 14 | |
AMP Building | ![]() |
1962–1965 | 115 | 377 | 26 | |
State Office Block | 1965–1967 | 128 | 419 | 38 | Demolished in 1997 to make way for Aurora Place. | |
Australia Square Tower | ![]() |
1967–1976 | 170 | 557 | 46 | |
AMP Centre | ![]() |
1976–1977 | 188 | 616 | 45 | Reconstructed structure in 2018 to make way for Quay Quarter Tower. |
MLC Centre | 1977–1992 | 228 | 748 | 60 | ||
Sydney Tower | ![]() |
– | 309 | 1013 | 19 | Tallest structure in Sydney 1981–present. |
Chifley Tower | ![]() |
1992–present | 244 | 801 | 50 | Tallest building in Sydney; 10th-tallest building in Australia. |
Crown Sydney | ![]() |
2020 - | 271 | 889 | 75 | Once completed in 2020, it will become the tallest building in Sydney |
![](http://upload.wikimedia.org/wikipedia/commons/b/bd/Sydney%27s_Tallest_Building_1824-2014.png)
See also
- List of tallest buildings in Chatswood
- List of tallest buildings in Parramatta
- List of tallest buildings in Australia
- List of tallest buildings and structures in Australia
- Buildings and architecture of Sydney
- List of tallest buildings in Oceania
References
- ^ "Buildings of Sydney profile". Emporis. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
- ^ Sydney - The Skyscraper Center. CTBUH. Retrieved 5 June 2016
- ^ a b c "existing | Buildings". Emporis. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^ "Sydney's tallest buildings - Top 20". Emporis. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
- ^ "Sydney's first skyscraper". State Library of New South Wales. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
- ^ "Modernism". australia.gov.au. Retrieved 19 June 2016.
- ^ McMahon, Bill (2001). The Architecture of East Australia: An Architectural History. Edition Axel Menges. p. 64. ISBN 9783930698905.
- ^ "Biography: Harry Seidler AC OBE LFRAIA". architecture.com.au. The Australian Institute of Architects. 6 May 2005. Retrieved 2 May 2008.
- ^ "Planning". Dictionary of Sydney. Retrieved 11 January 2014.
- ^ "Centrepoint Tower". Sydney Architecture. Retrieved 8 February 2011.
- ^ "Sydney is growing while Melbourne shrinks". Retrieved 14 July 2016.
- ^ "330M towers set to supercharge Sydney skyline". The Daily Telegraph.
- ^ "270 metre tall Event Cinema, George Street tower needs Aeronautical Impact approval". www.propertyobserver.com.au. Retrieved 29 August 2019.
- ^ Chifley Tower - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 21 January 2015
- ^ Governor Phillip Tower. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- ^ Aurora Place - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- ^ International Towers Tower 1 - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- ^ Grosvenor Place - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- ^ Tower 2 International Towers Sydney - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 2 January 2015
- ^ "Altitude Apartments Tower A". The Skyscraper Center. Retrieved 20 October 2016.
- ^ Castlereagh Centre - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- ^ Metro Grand Residences – The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 5 June 2016
- ^ Tower 2 International Towers Sydney - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. 5 June 2016
- ^ Gateway Plaza - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- ^ 200 George Street – Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 16 December 2015
- ^ Metro Spire Residences – The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 5 June 2016
- ^ 85 Castlereagh Street - The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat
- ^ "Sydney". SkyscraperPage.com. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
- ^ "City of Sydney | Buildings". Emporis. Retrieved 18 February 2012.
- ^ Crown Sydney Hotel and Resort – The Skyscraper Center. Council on Tall Buildings and Urban Habitat. Retrieved 4 October 2016.
- ^ "505 George Street". The Skyscraper Centre. Retrieved 18 July 2018.
- ^ a b "338 Pitt Street Sydney". Planning Portal NSW. Retrieved 29 July 2019.
- ^ Tower Crane Installation. greenlandcentrecommunity. Retrieved 8 December 2015
- ^ "Greenland Centre Sydney Construction Commenced". Greenland. Retrieved 22 March 2015.
- ^ http://eplanning.parracity.nsw.gov.au/Pages/XC.Track/SearchApplication.aspx?id=468568
- ^ "Construction of a new hotel and residential tower and alterations to existing building". NSW Government. Planning and Environment. Retrieved 8 January 2016.
- ^ http://eplanning.parracity.nsw.gov.au/Pages/XC.Track/SearchApplication.aspx?id=501657
- ^ The Argyle Tower - The Skyscraper Center. The Skyscraper Center
- ^ "Who will be the architect of Sydney's most expensive new apartment at Circular Quay?". Architecture and Design.
- ^ "Demolition of existing structures Staged DA". NSW Government Planning and Environment.
- ^ http://eplanning.parracity.nsw.gov.au/Pages/XC.Track/SearchApplication.aspx?id=501657
- ^ "Redevelopment of Harbourside Shopping Centre". NSW Government Planning and Environment. Retrieved 5 August 2016.
- ^ "Modification to MP08_0238 - Commercial and Hotel development Berry/Walker Street". NSW Planning and Environment. Retrieved 17 November 2016.
- ^ "Subscribe | theaustralian". www.theaustralian.com.au. Retrieved 23 November 2016.
- ^ "New Sky Homes at Landmark Heralds St Leonards' Urban Transformation". Elite Agent Magazine. 5 July 2016. Retrieved 27 August 2016.
- ^ "demolished | Buildings". Emporis. Retrieved 1 January 2013.
- ^ "TCN's new tower is quite an Eiffel!". National Library of Australia. Retrieved 11 June 2013.
- Emporis (General database for Skyscrapers)